taxonID	type	description	language	source
03EE2F75FFD9281CFC76B8FAFE7C218B.taxon	description	Figs 2, 3 A	en	Price, Gilbert J., Zhao, Jian-xin, Feng, Yue-xing, Hocknull, Scott A. (2009): New Records of Plio-Pleistocene Koalas from Australia: Palaeoecological and Taxonomic Implications. Records of the Australian Museum 61 (1): 39-48, DOI: 10.3853/j.0067-1975.61.2009.1518, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3853/j.0067-1975.61.2009.1518
03EE2F75FFD9281CFC76B8FAFE7C218B.taxon	materials_examined	Referred material. QMF 52287, left dentary fragment, QML 7, Chinchilla, southeast Queensland, Australia (Pliocene).	en	Price, Gilbert J., Zhao, Jian-xin, Feng, Yue-xing, Hocknull, Scott A. (2009): New Records of Plio-Pleistocene Koalas from Australia: Palaeoecological and Taxonomic Implications. Records of the Australian Museum 61 (1): 39-48, DOI: 10.3853/j.0067-1975.61.2009.1518, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3853/j.0067-1975.61.2009.1518
03EE2F75FFD9281CFC76B8FAFE7C218B.taxon	description	Description. Dentary fragment with horizontal ramus broken anterior to P 3 alveolus and posterior to M 3 alveolus; surface bone slightly root-etched; cheek teeth crowns missing, roots present, alveolar border broken buccally; ventral border slightly in-turned lingually; mental foramen anteroventral to P 3 anterior alveolus; posterior mental foramen well developed, ventral to position between posterior root of M 1 and anterior root of M 2; symphysis strongly fused, very deep, extended posteriorly to below posterior root of M 1, kinked such that posteroventral border extends below ventral border of horizontal ramus, inclined posteriorly at posteroventral margin, inclined anteriorly at a low angle (35 °); genial pit, c. 3 mm largest diameter, present at posterior ventral portion of symphysis, similar symmetrical but broken pit present on opposing dentary.	en	Price, Gilbert J., Zhao, Jian-xin, Feng, Yue-xing, Hocknull, Scott A. (2009): New Records of Plio-Pleistocene Koalas from Australia: Palaeoecological and Taxonomic Implications. Records of the Australian Museum 61 (1): 39-48, DOI: 10.3853/j.0067-1975.61.2009.1518, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3853/j.0067-1975.61.2009.1518
03EE2F75FFD9281CFC76B8FAFE7C218B.taxon	discussion	Remarks. The dentary fragment is considered to be adult based on the presence of well-developed P 3 and M 3 alveoli, and a strongly fused symphysis. The dentary resembles phascolarctids in general morphology. However, QMF 52287 does not appear to be referable to any phascolarctid where the dentary is known. It differs from Nimiokoala, Perikoala, Madakoala, and Phascolarctos cinereus by: (a) being significantly more robust in terms of depth and width (Fig. 3 A); (b) possessing a more anteriorly positioned posterior mental foramen; (c) having a straighter ventral border; and (d) by possessing a relatively deeper symphysis that has a lower anterior ascending angle. QMF 52287 is more gracile in comparison to Cundokoala yorkensis (a genus that is questionably distinct from Phascolarctos; see Black, 1999) (Fig. 3 A), but like Ph. cinereus, also differs from the former taxon in having a more anteriorly positioned posterior mental foramen, straighter ventral border, and deeper symphysis. The dentary of Litokoala is unknown, but on the basis of alveoli dimensions, is probably significantly smaller than QMF 52287. QMF 52287 differs from Perikoala and Madakoala in that the symphysis is more strongly fused, and the diastema is relatively longer. Well-developed symmetrical genial pits are present at the posteroventral base of the symphysis of QMF 52287, but are not expressed as strongly in other koala genera. Well-developed genial pits occur in wombats such as Vombatus, but such pits are relatively larger, positioned relatively higher from the ventral border, and the pits commonly converge on each other on the left and right side of the symphyseal fusion forming a single large pit. Comparison of QMF 52287 to other largesized phascolarctids such as Ph. maris, or unusual koala-like marsupials such as Koobor, is not possible because dentaries of those taxa are unknown.	en	Price, Gilbert J., Zhao, Jian-xin, Feng, Yue-xing, Hocknull, Scott A. (2009): New Records of Plio-Pleistocene Koalas from Australia: Palaeoecological and Taxonomic Implications. Records of the Australian Museum 61 (1): 39-48, DOI: 10.3853/j.0067-1975.61.2009.1518, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3853/j.0067-1975.61.2009.1518
03EE2F75FFDF281CFF37BD9DFE0222C8.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Upper molars of Phascolarctos differ from all other phascolarctids (excepting Cundokoala (? Ph.) yorkensis) and the koala-like Koobor by: (a) being larger; (b) being relatively higher crowned; (c) by possessing well-developed molar crenulations; and (d) possessing well-developed ribs on lingual portion of paracone and metacone. Phascolarctos differs from Madakoala, Nimiokoala and Koobor by possessing a lingual cingulum or pocket on upper molars at the crown base between the protocone and metaconule. Phascolarctos differs from Litokoala and Nimiokoala by possessing relatively smaller neometaconules and paraconules. Phascolaractos differs from Madakoala, Perikoala, Cundokoala and Koobor by possessing relatively smaller or weakly expressed stylar cusps, and in the case of Cundokoala, by possessing a relatively less-developed associated stylar shelf. Phascolarctos differs from Cundokoala in being smaller and by possessing lesser-developed molar crenulations. Phascolarctos differs from Koobor by: (a) having a square- to trapezoidal-shaped, rather than rectangularshaped, occlusal outline; (b) possessing relatively longer anterior and posterior cingula; and (c) lacking a buccal ectoloph on the paracone.	en	Price, Gilbert J., Zhao, Jian-xin, Feng, Yue-xing, Hocknull, Scott A. (2009): New Records of Plio-Pleistocene Koalas from Australia: Palaeoecological and Taxonomic Implications. Records of the Australian Museum 61 (1): 39-48, DOI: 10.3853/j.0067-1975.61.2009.1518, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3853/j.0067-1975.61.2009.1518
03EE2F75FFDE281DFEE2BC01FC2E218F.taxon	description	Figs 4 B, C	en	Price, Gilbert J., Zhao, Jian-xin, Feng, Yue-xing, Hocknull, Scott A. (2009): New Records of Plio-Pleistocene Koalas from Australia: Palaeoecological and Taxonomic Implications. Records of the Australian Museum 61 (1): 39-48, DOI: 10.3853/j.0067-1975.61.2009.1518, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3853/j.0067-1975.61.2009.1518
03EE2F75FFDE281DFEE2BC01FC2E218F.taxon	materials_examined	Referred material. QMF 52289, isolated RM 1, 2 or 3 fragment, QML 7, Chinchilla, southeast Queensland, Australia (Middle Pliocene); QMF 52290 isolated RM 2 fragment, QML 1420 Marmor Quarry, central eastern Queensland, Australia (Middle Pleistocene; Table 1).	en	Price, Gilbert J., Zhao, Jian-xin, Feng, Yue-xing, Hocknull, Scott A. (2009): New Records of Plio-Pleistocene Koalas from Australia: Palaeoecological and Taxonomic Implications. Records of the Australian Museum 61 (1): 39-48, DOI: 10.3853/j.0067-1975.61.2009.1518, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3853/j.0067-1975.61.2009.1518
03EE2F75FFDE281DFEE2BC01FC2E218F.taxon	description	Description. RM 1, 2 or 3, description based on QMF 52289: Metacone only major cusp preserved, very large, worn; postmetacrista moderately developed, descends apex of metacone posterobuccally to small stylar cusp E; buccal crest small but distinct, directed anteriorly from stylar cusp E, slightly ascending buccal margin of tooth; posterior cingulum large, worn; molar enamel crenulated at posterolingual base of metacone. RM 2, description based on QMF 52290: Protocone only major cusp preserved; preprotocrista well developed, descends anterobuccally to lingual portion of anterior cingulum; postprotocrista descends posterobuccally to base of protocone; rib descends protocone between pre- and postprotocristae, well developed; anterior fossette well developed at anterior base of protocone; lingual cingulum well developed, extending along lingual margin at base of protocone, ascending and terminating at lingual corner of tooth; molar enamel crenulated on all sides of protocone.	en	Price, Gilbert J., Zhao, Jian-xin, Feng, Yue-xing, Hocknull, Scott A. (2009): New Records of Plio-Pleistocene Koalas from Australia: Palaeoecological and Taxonomic Implications. Records of the Australian Museum 61 (1): 39-48, DOI: 10.3853/j.0067-1975.61.2009.1518, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3853/j.0067-1975.61.2009.1518
03EE2F75FFDE281DFEE2BC01FC2E218F.taxon	discussion	Remarks. The wear pattern on the posterior margin of the metacone molar fragment (QMF 52289) is consistent with wear from abrasion with a succeeding tooth whilst still in the maxilla. This suggests that the specimen represents either an M 1, 2 or M 3, rather than an M 4 (the most posterior tooth in phascolarctids). On the basis of molar morphology, the teeth are referable to Phascolarctos due to: (a) their well-developed molar crenulations; (b) minor degree of development of stylar cusps and associated stylar shelf (QMF 52289); (c) welldeveloped lingual cingulum (QMF 52290); and (d) being higher-crowned than all other phascolarctids (excepting Cundokoala (? Ph.) yorkensis). Morphometrically, both teeth are larger than corresponding teeth of Ph. cinereus, but are smaller than corresponding teeth of C. (? Ph.) yorkensis. The protocone fragment (QMF 52290) is morphologically similar to the corresponding M 2 of Ph. stirtoni, particularly in the development of the anterior fossette at the base of the protocone, and the anterolingual extension of the lingual cingulum. The metacone fragment (QMF 52289) lacks a welldeveloped stylar shelf as exhibited in C. (? Ph.) yorkensis, and in that respect, closely resembles the condition exhibited in Ph. stirtoni. Corresponding teeth of Ph. maris and C. (? Ph.) yorkensis are either not known or are poorly represented, thus, preventing further comparison to the material described here. However, the molar fragments described here are similar in size to Ph. stirtoni, a species that is intermediate in size between Ph. maris and C. (? Ph.) yorkensis (Pledge, 1987, 1992). Thus, QMF 52289 and QMF 52290 are unlikely to be referable to those poorly known taxa. The fragmentary nature of the material precludes additional comparison to Ph. stirtoni.	en	Price, Gilbert J., Zhao, Jian-xin, Feng, Yue-xing, Hocknull, Scott A. (2009): New Records of Plio-Pleistocene Koalas from Australia: Palaeoecological and Taxonomic Implications. Records of the Australian Museum 61 (1): 39-48, DOI: 10.3853/j.0067-1975.61.2009.1518, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3853/j.0067-1975.61.2009.1518
03EE2F75FFDE281DFF74BD0CFE4021EF.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype. QMF 5707, right maxillary fragment with P 3, M 1 – 2, Cement Mills, Gore, southeastern Queensland (Late Pleistocene; Price et al., 2009).	en	Price, Gilbert J., Zhao, Jian-xin, Feng, Yue-xing, Hocknull, Scott A. (2009): New Records of Plio-Pleistocene Koalas from Australia: Palaeoecological and Taxonomic Implications. Records of the Australian Museum 61 (1): 39-48, DOI: 10.3853/j.0067-1975.61.2009.1518, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3853/j.0067-1975.61.2009.1518
03EE2F75FFDE281DFF74BD0CFE4021EF.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. See Bartholomai (1968).	en	Price, Gilbert J., Zhao, Jian-xin, Feng, Yue-xing, Hocknull, Scott A. (2009): New Records of Plio-Pleistocene Koalas from Australia: Palaeoecological and Taxonomic Implications. Records of the Australian Museum 61 (1): 39-48, DOI: 10.3853/j.0067-1975.61.2009.1518, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3853/j.0067-1975.61.2009.1518
