identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03EE87B8FFB88E1E01F8FF02A885FD06.text	03EE87B8FFB88E1E01F8FF02A885FD06.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Paraxenylla Murphy 1965	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Paraxenylla Murphy, 1965</p>
            <p> Xenylla (Paraxenylla) Murphy, 1965</p>
            <p> Haloxenylla Gama &amp; Deharveng, 1984</p>
            <p> Type species  Xenylla (Paraxenylla) mangle Murphy, 1965</p>
            <p> Diagnosis of the genus (after Palacios-Vargas &amp; Janssens 2006, modified). Habitus of  Xenylla . Length 0.36- 1.5 mm. Body with blue pigment. PAO absent. 5+5 eyes. Mouthparts strongly modified. Mandible head narrow and subparallel distally. Maxillary ungulum reduced. Labral chaetae 2, 4–7/5, 5, 4. Ant IV with four thickened S-chaetae, one S-microchaeta and one subapical organ, the apical bulb simple or trilobed. Empodial appendage absent. Furcula developed, mucro present. Tenaculum with 2-4 teeth on each ramus. Anus terminal, abdominal segment VI as a truncate cone. Anal spines absent. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EE87B8FFB88E1E01F8FF02A885FD06	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Queiroz, Gabriel C.;Deharveng, Louis	Queiroz, Gabriel C., Deharveng, Louis (2008): Description of a new species of Paraxenylla (Collembola, Hypogastruridae) from Brazil, with comments on the genus. Zootaxa 1858: 1-8, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.183626
03EE87B8FFBB8E1A01F8FA4AAF47FAFE.text	03EE87B8FFBB8E1A01F8FA4AAF47FAFE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Paraxenylla sooretamensis	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Paraxenylla sooretamensis sp. nov.</p>
            <p>Figs 1–9, Tabs 1–3</p>
            <p>Type locality. Sooretama, Espírito Santo, Brazil; 40 km from coast. Forest litter of Atlantic Forest.</p>
            <p>Type material. 10 April 2007 Gabriel Queiroz leg. Holotype female and 6 paratypes (Nº 1829 CM/ MNRJ) on slide at Museu Nacional do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.</p>
            <p>Etymology. From the name of the type locality: Sooretama, a word of the Indian language Tupi that means “home of the wild animals”.</p>
            <p>Description. Body length (7 specimens examined): 0.60 mm (holotype) and 0.44–0.82 mm (paratypes). Color dark blue. Dorsal chaetotaxy of short subequal mesochaetae and long S-chaetae.</p>
            <p>Ratio head: antenna = 0.64. Ant I with 7 chaetae. Ant II with 11 chaetae. Sensory organ of Ant III with 5 S-chaetae: 2 small internal rods S3 and S4 behind a fold of the integument, 2 longer guard chaetae S2 and S5, and one external microchaeta S1. Ant IV with 4 thick S-chaetae and a small S-microchaeta between the 3 Schaetae of the external group. Subapical organ present as a very short burried chaeta continued into the integument (Fig. 1). Apical bulb simple.</p>
            <p>5+5 eyes pigmented. Labral formula: 24/554 chaetae. Labial palp chaetotaxy strongly reduced, with (tentative homologies after Fjellberg 1999): A and B as straight, thin papillated chaetae; C, D and E not developed; 10 guard chaetae, including 4 large bent flattened chaetae arranged as a distal file (b4, d4, d3 and e3), 2 medium size chaetae of uncertain homology and 4 microchaetae (a1, b2, d2 and one of uncertain homology); 6 proximal chaetae; and 3 hypostomal chaetae (H, h1 and h2) (Fig. 2). Mandible head thin, its distal part subparallel, with 4 subequal apical teeth (Fig. 3). Maxillary capitulum (Fig. 4) with 5 fringed lamellae: 3 of medium-size, one short and one hypertrophied; a sixth internal lamella appears smooth and may actually correspond to the ungulum. Maxillary outer lobe reduced, without sublobal hairs (Fig. 5).</p>
            <p>Thoracic tergum I with 3+3 chaetae. No clearly differentiated macrochaetae on tergites. Dorsal chaetotaxy of head, thorax and abdomen as in Fig. 6. Dorso-internal S-chaetae in position 33/5555. Axial chaetae 66/ 4446. Chaetae m1 present, m2 absent on Th II–III; p2 on Abd I–III and a1 on Abd V as other ordinary chaetae.</p>
            <p>Unguis with a small inner tooth on legs I, II and III. Two minute median lateral teeth seems to be present, only visible when the claw is in favourable position. Tibiotarsi without clavate tenent hairs (Fig. 8). Leg chaetotaxy summarized in Tab. 2.</p>
            <p> Linea ventralis distinct on thoracic sternites, reaching the ventral tube. Ventral tube with 4+4 chaetae. Tenaculum with 3 teeth on each ramus. Mucrodens well developed (Fig. 7). Manubrium with a bilobed ventro-distal sclerification on each side corresponding to the articulations dens-manubrium. Dens long, with two ventral chaetae and, dorsally, a large longitudinal strip devoid of primary granules; mucro thin and long, tapering, separate from the dens and without lamella. Dens 2–2.5 times longer than mucro. Abd VI dorsally with 5+5 chaetae, one uneven posterior chaeta, and 2 microchaetae An on the supra-anal valve (Fig. 9 a); ventrally, with 13+13 chaetae Ve, one uneven posterior chaeta Ve, and a single microchaeta An on each lateral valve, located near the axis (Fig. 9 b). Anus terminal, no longitudinal furrow between the lateral anal valves. No anal spines. </p>
            <p> Discussion. All species of the genus  Paraxenylla known so far were found in marine littoral habitats (Palacios-Vargas &amp; Janssens 2006), including  P. cubana (Palacios-Vargas comm. pers.). Surprisingly,  P. sooretamensis sp. nov. was found in the forest litter of the Table land Atlantic Forest of southeast Brazil, 40 km away from the coast line. </p>
            <p> The new species is well characterized in the genus (Tab. 3). Its mouthparts can only be compared with those of  P. affiniformis for which detailed descriptions are available (Gama &amp; Deharveng 1984, Jordana et al. 1997, Fjellberg 1999). Both species have many peculiar characters in common: thin mandible, hypertrophied lamellae of the maxilla, labial palp chaetotaxy very reduced. However, a closer examination shows that the modifications of the maxilla is different in the two species (in particular, most of the fringed lamellae are much larger in  P. affiniformis ). In addition, labial palp chaetae, though difficult to homologize with the patterns provided by Fjellberg (1999), are arranged very differently in  P. affiniformis compared to  P. sooretamensis , with, among other differences, more large distal chaetae (5–6 against four) and less microchaetae (two against four) in  P.affiniformis . Mouthparts of two other species (P. a re n o s a and  P. mangle ) are also reduced in a similar way, but have been described too succinctly to allow comparison.  P. mangle differs from  P. sooretamensis by a shorter mucro, chaeta S2 of Ant III organite shift between S3 and S4, m1 absent on Th II–III and 2+2 chaetae on the ventral tube.  P. arenosa differs from  P. sooretamensis by the widening of some maxillary lamellae, a trilobed apical bulb, a longer mucro and 3+3 chaetae on the ventral tube. </p>
            <p> The guard chaetae of the Ant III organite of the new species are external to the two small rods as in most  Hypogastruridae , while in  P. affiniformis ,  P. mangle ,  P. peruensis and P. p i l o u a one of the guard chaetae is located between the rods. </p>
            <p> Linea ventralis is not visible in  P. affiniformis according to Gama and Deharveng (1984), contrary to our new species. It is not described in other species. </p>
            <p> P. oceanica and the new species are the only ones in the genus to have 4+4 chaetae on ventral tube, which is the usual number in  Hypogastruridae . Other  Paraxenylla have 3+3 to 1+1.  P. oceanica differs from  P. sooretamensis only by its mucro fused to the dens, but most chaetotaxic and mouthpart characters remain undescribed in this species, which has to be considered as species inquirenda. </p>
            <p> By its dorsal chaetotaxy, resembling that of  Xenylla in many respects (Tab. 1),  Paraxenylla sooretamensis sp. nov. is close to  P. arenosa (Gama 1980, 1981) and totally apart from other species of the genus. The placement of these two species in the genus  Paraxenylla will have to be re-examined when more information will be available on the mouthparts and chaetotaxy of other species of the genus. They represent in any case a well defined taxonomic group intermediate in several respects between  Xenylla (by their chaetotaxy) and  Paraxenylla (by their mouthparts, absence of anal spines and anus in a terminal position). </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EE87B8FFBB8E1A01F8FA4AAF47FAFE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Queiroz, Gabriel C.;Deharveng, Louis	Queiroz, Gabriel C., Deharveng, Louis (2008): Description of a new species of Paraxenylla (Collembola, Hypogastruridae) from Brazil, with comments on the genus. Zootaxa 1858: 1-8, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.183626
03EE87B8FFBC8E1901F8FA18AE8EFD76.text	03EE87B8FFBC8E1901F8FA18AE8EFD76.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Paraxenylla	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Key to the species of the genus  Paraxenylla</p>
            <p>(after Palacios-Vargas &amp; Janssens 2006, modified and completed)</p>
            <p>1 Ventral tube with 1+1 chaetae......................................................................................................................2</p>
            <p>- Ventral tube with more than 1+1 chaetae....................................................................................................6</p>
            <p> 2 Dens with 1+1 chaetae, tenaculum with 2+2 teeth ....  P. cubana Palacios-Vargas &amp; Janssens, 2006 (Cuba) </p>
            <p>- Dens with 2+2 chaetae, tenaculum with more than 2+2 teeth.....................................................................3</p>
            <p> 3 Tibiotarsus III with 5 clavate tenent hairs; unguis with inner tooth; mucro with internal lamella, separated from the dens; one lateral guard chaeta of Ant III located between the small internal rods ......................... ................................................................................................  P. affiniformis (Stach, 1930) (cosmopolitan) </p>
            <p>- Tibiotarsus III with less than 5 tenent hairs; unguis untoothed .................................................................. 4</p>
            <p> 4 Tibiotarsus III with 3 acuminate or slightly clavate tenent hairs; Abd II with 1+1 ventral chaetae.............. ............................................................................  P. lapazana Palacios-Vargas &amp; Vázquez, 1988 (Mexico) </p>
            <p>- Tibiotarsus III with 4 tenent hairs................................................................................................................5</p>
            <p> 5 Tenent hairs of tibiotarsus III clavate; Abd II with 3+3 ventral chaetae; mucro without lamella and fused to the dens ...............................................................  P. peruensis Palacios-Vargas &amp; Janssens, 2006 (Peru) </p>
            <p> - Tenent hairs of tibiotarsus III acuminate; Abd II with 1+1 ventral chaetae; mucro with internal lamella, clearly separated from the dens .................................  P. piloua Thibaud &amp; Weiner, 1997 (New Caledonia) </p>
            <p> 6 Ventral tube with 2+2 chaetae; 3 tenent hairs on tibiotarsus III; one lateral guard chaeta of Ant III located between the small internal rods; mucro with internal lamella; maxilla very reduced, without lamella ....... ...............................................................................................................  P. mangle Murphy, 1965 (Gambia) </p>
            <p>- Ventral tube with more than 2+2 chaetae....................................................................................................7</p>
            <p> 7 Ventral tube with 3+3 chaetae; apical bulb trilobed; mucro longer than dens; tenaculum with 4+4 teeth; unguis with inner tooth ..........................................................  P. arenosa (Uchida &amp; Tamura, 1967) (Japan) </p>
            <p>- Ventral tube with 4+4 chaetae; tenaculum with 3+3 teeth...........................................................................8</p>
            <p> 8 Mucro separated from dens, 2–2.5 times shorter than dens; no tenent hairs on tibiotarsi; unguis with inner tooth; apical bulb simple .........................................................................  P. sooretamensis sp. nov. (Brazil) </p>
            <p> - Mucro fused to dens; 3 tenent hairs on tibiotarsus III; unguis without inner tooth....................................... ..................................................................................................  P. oceanica (Yosii, 1960) (New Caledonia) </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EE87B8FFBC8E1901F8FA18AE8EFD76	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Queiroz, Gabriel C.;Deharveng, Louis	Queiroz, Gabriel C., Deharveng, Louis (2008): Description of a new species of Paraxenylla (Collembola, Hypogastruridae) from Brazil, with comments on the genus. Zootaxa 1858: 1-8, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.183626
