identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03E41861FFCBFF82FC09C8AAD14FFBE0.text	03E41861FFCBFF82FC09C8AAD14FFBE0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Carapacestheria Shen 1994	<div><p>Genus Carapacestheria Shen, 1994</p><p>Type species: Cyzicus (Lioestheria) disgregaris Tasch, 1987, late Early Jurassic-early Middle Jurassic Ferrar Group, Transantarctic Mountains, Antarctica.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E41861FFCBFF82FC09C8AAD14FFBE0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Monferran, Mateo D.;Gallego, Oscar F.;Cabaleri, Nora G.	Monferran, Mateo D., Gallego, Oscar F., Cabaleri, Nora G. (2020): Revision of Two Spinicaudatan Species from the Cañadón Asfalto Formation (Jurassic), Patagonia Argentina. Zoological Studies (Zool. Stud.) 59 (37): 1-11, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-37, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12823406
03E41861FFCBFF83FCFACF6AD17DFAC0.text	03E41861FFCBFF83FCFACF6AD17DFAC0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Carapacestheria taschi (Vallati 1986) Monferran & Gallego & Cabaleri 2020	<div><p>Carapacestheria taschi (Vallati, 1986) comb. nov.</p><p>(Fig. 3) urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 4740A6B2-B4D5-46F8-B337- 679A535D0372</p><p>Cyzicus (Euestheria) sp. A Tasch (in Tasch and Volkheimer, 1970). pag. 5–8.</p><p>Cyzicus (Euestheria) taschi Vallati, 1986 . pag. 31–33.</p><p>Material: Holotype UNPSJB-PI 280, Paratypes: UNPSJB-PI 267, 281-86; MACN-Pi 4892; CTES-PZ 7.678, 81–84.</p><p>Geographic provenance: Chubut province (Argentina), Las Chacritas Member, Cañadón Asfalto Formation, Middle Jurassic. Cañadón Lahuincó (‘Frenguelli site’) locality GPS: 43°30'57.2"S, 69°8'26.7"W.</p><p>Emended diagnosis: Carapace small to very large in size with a shape varying from elongated oval to round (elliptical); umbo marginal in submedial to anterior position; dorsal margin short to long, anterior and posterior margins slightly curved to sharply curved; growth bands ornamented with irregular reticulation (0.005–0.03 mm) in dorsal to median-ventral zone to anterior zone of the valve, and change to radial lirae about 50 per mm in posterior-median zone. Cross-bars between radial lirae rarely present. Measurements (mm): L = 1.5–7, H = 0.6–6, H/L = 0.4–0.9, l = 0.6–4.8, a = 0.18–1, b = 0.1–2, c = 0.1–1.8, d = 0.5–2.7, e = 0.8–4.</p><p>Description: The carapace is small to very large in size with an outline varying from elongated oval to round (elliptical). The dorsal margin is short in round forms and long in elongated oval forms. The umbo is small marginal (0.5 mm) and projects submedial to anterior position. The anterior margin is slightly curved to curved and the posterior margin is slightly curved (c/d = 0.03–0.08) in elongated oval forms and curved to sharply curved (c/d = 0.07–0.15) in round elliptical forms. Growth lines are smooth, from 25 to 85 in number. The growth bands ornamented with irregular reticulation in anterior, dorsal to median-ventral zone (Fig. 3C–E) and radial lirae near the ventral and posteromedian regions (Fig. 3F–G). The polygonal reticulation shows a diameter of the mesh of 0.005–0.03 mm. The transitional ornamentation changes laterally from the reticulation to the radial lirae in the same growth band near to posterior-median area (Fig. 3G). Radial lirae (50 per mm) are count with 0.004 –0.007 mm width and filling 20% of the carapace surface. The presence of cross-bars between radial lirae is rare (Fig. 3G).</p><p>Remarks: Carapacestheria taschi (Vallati) was defined originally by Tasch as Cyzicus (Euestheria) sp. A (Tasch and Volkheimer 1970). Subsequently, Vallati (1986) analyzed this material and defined as Cyzicus (Euestheria) taschi with polygonal reticulation in growth bands that changed to radial ornamentation in ventral carapace zone. Later, Cyzicus (Euestheria) taschi was interpreted as an eosestheriid by Gallego (2010), as well as, Cyzicus (Euestheria) sp. 1 from the Manantial Pelado Formation (Vallati 1986).</p><p>According to the new SEM images, several specimens including the holotype have well developed reticulate ornamentation changing laterally to radial lirae in the same growth band near to posterior-median area. Therefore, these features support transferring this species from genus Euestheria to the Family Eosestheriidae . Euestheria is easily distinguished from the eosestheriid spinicaudatans in having only a fine reticulation and lacking radial lirae on the growth bands. Furthermore, this ornamentation pattern incorporating both reticulate and radial ornamentation is diagnostic of Carapacestheria Shen, 1994, a genus defined from the Early to Middle Jurassic of Antarctica. In Carapacestheria, the carapace is of small or moderate size, and the reticulation shows a mesh diameter of 0.02–0.036 mm and radial lirae about 40 per mm. Minute punctae occur within the reticulation and between the radial lirae. In addition, the presence of cross-bars between radial lirae is observed for Carapacestheria disgregaris in figure 2 of Shen (1994). These characteristics match the Las Chacritas specimens.</p><p>Another similar genus is Menucoestheria from Triassic of Argentina (Gallego and Covacevich 1998) and Poland (Olempska 2004, considered by Kozur and Weems 2010 that belong to the genus Gregoriusella). It resembles Carapacestheria in the presence of the transitional ornamentation changing laterally from reticulation to radial lirae in the same middle growth bands. However, Menucoestheria is characterized by meshes with 0.01 to 0.05 mm in diameter and 30 to 80 radial lirae per millimeter without cross-bars. In Pseudograpta, Yanjiestheria, Abrestheria, Nothocarapacestheria and Eosestheria the change from reticulation on the dorsal region to radial lirae on the ventral region is in the same growth bands and ventrally, and also, the radial lirae ornamentation are thinner.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E41861FFCBFF83FCFACF6AD17DFAC0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Monferran, Mateo D.;Gallego, Oscar F.;Cabaleri, Nora G.	Monferran, Mateo D., Gallego, Oscar F., Cabaleri, Nora G. (2020): Revision of Two Spinicaudatan Species from the Cañadón Asfalto Formation (Jurassic), Patagonia Argentina. Zoological Studies (Zool. Stud.) 59 (37): 1-11, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-37, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12823406
03E41861FFCAFF85FCFCCD2AD0CAFD00.text	03E41861FFCAFF85FCFCCD2AD0CAFD00.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Wolfestheria Monferran 2013	<div><p>Genus Wolfestheria Monferran et al. 2013</p><p>Type species: Wolfestheria smekali Monferran et al., 2013 Cañadón Asfalto Formation,</p><p>Puesto Almada Member, Late Jurassic, Chubut, Argentina.</p><p>Wolfestheria patagoniensi s Tasch (in Tasch and Volkheimer, 1970) comb. nov. (Fig. 4) urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 4740A6B2-B4D5-46F8-B337- 679A535D0372</p><p>Cyzicus (Lioestheria) patagoniensis Tasch (in Tasch and Volkheimer, 1970).</p><p>Material: Holotype MACN-Pi 4895; Paratypes: CTES-PZ-7.690, MEF-PI 1889.</p><p>Geographic provenance: Chubut province (Argentina), Las Chacritas Member, Cañadón Asfalto Formation, Middle Jurassic. Cañadón Asfalto locality GPS: 43°30'4.3"S, 69°10'34.6"W.</p><p>Emended diagnosis: Carapace medium to large in size with a shape varying from elongated oval to round (elliptical); short and small umbo marginal in submedial to anterior position; dorsal margin short to long, anterior and posterior margins curved to sharply curved; growth bands ornamented with punctae mesh on the dorsal part of the carapace changing to irregular radial lirae with numerous cross-bars. Thick radial lirae with fewer cross-bars restricted to ventral zone of the carapace. Measurements (mm): L = 3.3–5, H = 2.5–4.3, H/L = 0.6–0.86, l = 1.3–3.3, a = 0.3–0.7, b = 1–2, c = 0.8–1.1, d = 1.2–1.3, e = 2–2.6.</p><p>Description: The carapace is medium to large in size with an outline varying from elongated oval to round (elliptical). The dorsal margin is short in round forms and long in elongated oval forms. The umbo is short/small marginal (0.4 mm) and projects anterior position. The anterior margin slightly curved to curved and posterior margin is curved to sharply curved (c/d = 0.06–0.2). Growth lines smooth, from 30 to 60 in number. Growth bands ornamented with evenly distributed punctae mesh (about 5 μm in diameter) on the dorsal-median part of the carapace (Fig. 4B–D), changing to irregular radial lirae (7.5 µm in width) with numerous cross-bars from the median-dorsal to ventral part of the carapace (Fig. 4E–F), and finally the radial lirae is thick (13.3 µm in width) with fewer cross-bars restricted to ventral zone of carapace and the interspaces between the radial lirae are wider (20 µm).</p><p>Remarks: Wolfestheria patagoniensis (Tasch, in Tasch and Volkheimer, 1970) was defined originally by Tasch as Cyzicus (Lioestheria) patagoniensis Tasch (in Tasch and Volkheimer 1970). According to the new SEM images, the morphological features allow us to define this species as belong to the Family Fushunograptidae and to the genus Wolfestheria . This genus was defined by Monferran et al. (2013) from the Upper Jurassic Puesto Almada Member of the Cañadón Asfalto Formation. Wolfestheria patagoniensis show similarities with the type species W. smekali Monferran et al., 2013, in that species the outline varying from elongated oval to round and the radial lirae show numerous cross-bars from the median-dorsal to median-ventral part of the carapace changing to fewer cross-bars on ventral part. However, W. patagoniensis exhibits punctate mesh on the dorsal part, whereas W. smekali exhibits a lattice-like reticulation originated by abundant cross-bars. Also, in W. patagoniensis, the irregular radial lirae reach the upper part of the growth bands and the fewer cross-bars are limited to a few growth bands from ventral part of carapace. Comparisons with another fushunograptid genera, Cratostracus Huang, 1977, shows different outlines and growth lines pronounced with slightly serrated lower margin (Li and Batten 2004). Qinghaiestheria Wang, 1983 from the Upper Jurassic Hongshuigou Formation in Qinghai and the Penglaizheng Formation in Sichuan (Wang 1983; Shen and Chen 1982; Li 2004) also has serrate structure along the lower margin of the growth lines.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E41861FFCAFF85FCFCCD2AD0CAFD00	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Monferran, Mateo D.;Gallego, Oscar F.;Cabaleri, Nora G.	Monferran, Mateo D., Gallego, Oscar F., Cabaleri, Nora G. (2020): Revision of Two Spinicaudatan Species from the Cañadón Asfalto Formation (Jurassic), Patagonia Argentina. Zoological Studies (Zool. Stud.) 59 (37): 1-11, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-37, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12823406
