taxonID	type	description	language	source
03E48785735BFFCBFF25B73EFC37FCC1.taxon	materials_examined	Type s pecie s. Galathea pusilla Henderson, 1885, by original designation.	en	Schnabel, Kareen E., Ahyong, Shane T. (2019): The squat lobster genus Phylladiorhynchus Baba, 1969 in New Zealand and eastern Australia, with description of six new species. Zootaxa 4688 (3): 301-347, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4688.3.1
03E48785735BFFCBFF25B73EFC37FCC1.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Carapace dorsally with distinct transverse striae; epigastric spines usually present; lateral margin spinose. Rostrum triangular, with well-developed supraocular basal spine and usually with small subapical spine on each side. Lateral orbital spine present. Sternite 3 posterior margin entirely contiguous with sternite 4. Telson subdivision incomplete. Eyes movable; cornea as wide as peduncle, not dilated. Antennular article 1 with 5 (rarely 4 or 6) distal spines (nearly always including double distolateral spine). Antennal peduncle article 1 with strong ventral distomesial process. Mxp 3 merus much shorter than ischium, usually with strong spine on flexor and extensor distal margins. G 1 absent; G 2 present. (Modified after Macpherson & Baba 2011).	en	Schnabel, Kareen E., Ahyong, Shane T. (2019): The squat lobster genus Phylladiorhynchus Baba, 1969 in New Zealand and eastern Australia, with description of six new species. Zootaxa 4688 (3): 301-347, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4688.3.1
03E48785735BFFC2FF25B166FB5DFDA0.taxon	description	(Figs. 2, 3, 15 A)	en	Schnabel, Kareen E., Ahyong, Shane T. (2019): The squat lobster genus Phylladiorhynchus Baba, 1969 in New Zealand and eastern Australia, with description of six new species. Zootaxa 4688 (3): 301-347, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4688.3.1
03E48785735BFFC2FF25B166FB5DFDA0.taxon	description	Phylladiorhynchus pusillus. — Rowden et al., 2010, tab. 3 (in part).	en	Schnabel, Kareen E., Ahyong, Shane T. (2019): The squat lobster genus Phylladiorhynchus Baba, 1969 in New Zealand and eastern Australia, with description of six new species. Zootaxa 4688 (3): 301-347, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4688.3.1
03E48785735BFFC2FF25B166FB5DFDA0.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. HOLOTYPE: NIWA 92587, female (3.7 mm), Stn. TAN 1108 / 138, Cornish Head Canyon, Otago, 45.589 – 45.593 ° S, 171.060 – 171.057 ° E, 103 – 105 m, 24 May 2011. PARATYPES: NIWA 56530, 1 male (3.4 mm), NZOI Stn. TAN 0906 / 154, North Cape, 34.374 – 34.378 ° S, 172.923 – 172.920 ° E, 72 – 61 m, 14 Jul 2009. NIWA 122226, 1 female (3.8 mm), Stn. TAN 1404 / 13, Bay of Plenty, 38.576 ° S, 178.607 ° E, 170 m, 4 May 2014. NIWA 33656, 2 females ov. (4.3, 4.5 mm), Stn. TAN 0705 / 1, Cook Strait, 41.530 – 41.530 ° S, 174.860 – 174.855 ° E, 171 – 173 m, 01 Apr 2007. NIWA 108588, 1 female ov. (3.0 mm), 1 female (3.3 mm), Stn. KAH 1703 / 75, Tasman Bay, 40.919 – 40.879 ° S, 173.427 – 173.427 ° E, 48 – 49 m, 14 Apr 2017. Other material. Norfolk Island: NIWA 21238, 1 female (2.0 mm), NZOI Stn. P 46, 28.705 ° S, 167.945 ° E, 475 m, 30 Jan 1977. NIWA 21258, 1 female (2.9 mm), NZOI Stn. I 76, 28.75 ° S, 167.752 ° E, 259 m, 20 Jul 1975. Three Kings region: NIWA 21286, 6 specimens (1.5 – 3.3 mm), NZOI Stn. E 843, 33.917 ° S, 172.283 ° E, 106 m, 16 Mar 1968. NIWA 73203, 1 male (3.8 mm), 1 female (2.0 mm), TAN 1105 / 42, Middlesex Bank, 33.966 – 33.954 ° S, 171.772 – 171.773 ° E, 96 – 92 m, 28 Mar 2011. NIWA 10676, 1 female ov. (2.3 mm), NZOI Stn. C 763, 33.967 ° S, 172.293 ° E, 73 – 77 m, 18 Feb 1962. NIWA 10680, 1 male (2.5 mm), NZOI Stn. C 763, 33.967 ° S, 172.293 ° E, 73 – 77 m, 18 Feb 1962. NIWA 21155, 2 males (1.7, 4.2 mm), 1 female ov. (3.6 mm), 4 females (1.3 – 1.5 mm), NZOI Stn. F 922, 33.983 ° S, 172.267 ° E, 117 m, 13 Oct 1968. NIWA 21285, 2 males (2.6, 2.9 mm), 1 female ov. (3.5 mm), NZOI Stn. E 848, 33.983 ° S, 172.267 ° E, 117 m, 13 Oct 1968. NIWA 10877, 1 female ov. (2.4 mm), NZOI Stn. E 336, 34 ° S, 172.5 ° E, 157 m, 12 Apr 1965. NIWA 10878, 1 male (3.6 mm), NZOI Stn. E 325, 34 ° S, 172.333 ° E, 161 m, 11 Apr 1965. NIWA 10880, 1 female (3.5 mm), NZOI Stn. E 323, 34 ° S, 172.25 ° E, 165 m, 11 Apr 1965. NIWA 21295, 1 male (4.0 mm), NZOI Stn. E 845, 34.125 ° S, 172.017 ° E, 277 m, 16 Mar 1968. NIWA 73161, 1 female (3.0 mm), Stn. TAN 1105 / 35, Three Kings Islands, 34.157 – 34.159 ° S, 172.101 – 172.104 ° E, 54 – 47 m, 26 Mar 2011. NIWA 73492, 11 males (2.5 – 4.0 mm), 2 females (2.0, 2.6 mm), Stn. TAN 1105 / 69, Three Kings Islands, 34.184 – 34.186 ° S, 172.138 – 172.142 ° E, 73 – 77 m, 30 Mar 2011. Northland shelf: NIWA 21232, 2 males (2.3, 3.5 mm), 1 female ov. (3.3 mm), NZOI Stn. I 371, 34.193 ° S, 172.825 ° E, 118 m, 23 Nov 1977. NIWA 21241, 10 specimens (1.9 – 3.5 mm), NZOI Stn. I 341, 34.245 ° S, 172.847 ° E, 89 m, 16 Nov 1977. NIWA 9798, 1 male (3.8 mm), Z 9069, Spirits Bay, 34.36 ° S, 172.815 ° E, 06 May 1998. NIWA 56996, 2 males (3.3, 3.4 mm), Stn. TAN 0906 / 170, 34.378 – 34.381 ° S, 173.027 – 173.031 ° E, 65 – 64 m, 15 Jul 2009. NIWA 9797, 1 female (4.5 mm), Stn. Z 9093, 34.382 ° S, 172.762 ° E, 39 m, 05 May 1998. NIWA 56739, 5 males (3.9 – 4.8 mm), 1 female ov. (4.1 mm), Stn. TAN 0906 / 162, North Cape, 34.397 – 34.402 ° S, 173.102 – 173.106 ° E, 119 – 116 m, 14 Jul 2009. NIWA 10124, 1 female ov. (4.0 mm), 1 female (3.0 mm), NZOI Stn. F 933, 34.400 ° S, 173.172 ° E, 252 – 249 m, 15 Oct 1968. NIWA 56827, 11 specimens (not measured), Stn. TAN 0906 / 164, North Cape, 34.402 – 34.397 ° S, 173.138 – 173.136 ° E, 145 – 149 m, 14 Jul 2009. NIWA 57085, 1 male (2.8 mm), 1 female ov. (3.1 mm), Stn. TAN 0906 / 178, 34.410 – 34.413 ° S, 173.161 – 173.165 ° E, 203 – 169 m, 15 Jul 2009. NIWA 10879, 1 male (3.0 mm), NZOI Stn. E 283, 34.417 ° S, 172.583 ° E, 79 m, 08 Apr 1965. NHMUK 1917.1.29.111 – 115, 2 males (2.9 mm, 1 broken carapace), 2 females ov. (3.2, 4.0 mm), Terra Nova Stn. 96, 34.417 ° S, 173.167 ° E, 128 m, 3 Aug 1911. NIWA 73391, 8 males (3.3 – 4.5 mm), TAN 1105 / 60, Cape Reinga, 34.430 – 34.429 ° S, 172.35 – 172.362 ° E, 83 – 86 m, 30 Mar 2011. NIWA 21160, 16 specimens (not measured), NZOI Stn. F 932, 34.44 ° S, 173.125 ° E, 113 m, 15 Oct 1968. NIWA 10905, 4 males (2.9 – 3.7 mm), NZOI Stn. E 271, 34.5 ° S, 172.333 ° E, 134, 07 Apr 1965. NIWA 56133, 4 males (3.3 – 5.0 mm), 1 female ov. (3.3 mm), Stn. TAN 0906 / 134, 34.465 – 34.469 ° S, 173.212 – 173.215 ° E, 141 – 140 m, 13 Jul 2009. NIWA 56023, 2 males (3.8, 4.1 mm), 1 female ov. (4.2 mm), Stn. TAN 0906 / 130, 34.556 – 34.558 ° S, 173.160 – 173.159 ° E, 107 – 105 m, 12 Jul 2009. NIWA 56076, 7 specimens (3.2 – 5.0 mm), Stn. TAN 0906 / 132, 34.557 – 34.559 ° S, 173.285 – 173.288 ° E, 139 – 141 m, 13 Jul 2009. NIWA 56096, 1 female ov. (3.5 mm), Stn. TAN 0906 / 132, 34.557 – 34.559 ° S, 173.285 – 173.288 ° E, 139 – 141 m, 13 Jul 2009. NIWA 55996, 1 male (3.8 mm), Stn. TAN 0906 / 12934.571 – 34.575 ° S, 173.204 – 173.202 ° E, 115 m, 12 Jul 2009. NIWA 19440, 8 specimens (not measured), Stn. Z 9740, 34.648 ° S, 172.220 ° E, 198 m, 21 Apr 1999. NIWA 21180, 17 specimens (not measured), NZOI Stn. E 876, 34.650 ° S, 172.233 ° E, 216 m, 21 Mar 1968. NIWA 10675, 1 male (2.6 mm), NZOI Stn. C 758, 34.667 ° S, 172.242 ° E, 199 m, 17 Feb 1962. NIWA 10678, 1 male (4.0 mm), NZOI Stn. C 758, 34.667 ° S, 172.242 ° E, 199 m, 17 Feb 1962. NIWA 55846, 1 female ov. (3.0 mm), Stn. TAN 0906 / 114, 34.728 – 34.728 ° S, 173.459 – 173.452 ° E, 139 m, 10 Jul 2009. AWMM MA 125789 (ex NIWA 55593), 4 males (2.9 – 4.8 mm), 5 females ov. (2.9 – 4.6 mm), 1 female (4.3 mm), Stn. TAN 0906 / 93, 34.830 – 34.831 ° S, 173.894 – 173.899 ° E, 149 – 151 m, 09 Jul 2009. NIWA 57421, 3 males (3.3 – 4.5 mm), 2 females (2.4, 3.8 mm), Stn. TAN 0906 / 236, 34.850 – 34.850 ° S, 173.905 – 173.898 ° E, 134 – 132 m, 19 Jul 2009. NIWA 54897, 1 female (4.1 mm), Stn. TAN 0906 / 33, 35.208 – 35.242 ° S, 174.486 – 174.483 ° E, 142 – 135 m, 06 Jul 2009. NIWA 55006, 1 female (3.7 mm), Stn. TAN 0906 / 42, 35.240 – 35.242 ° S, 174.483 – 174.48 ° E, 139 – 135 m, 06 Jul 2009. NIWA 54928, 1 male (broken carapace), Stn. TAN 0906 / 36, 35.242 – 35.242 ° S, 174.483 – 174.477 ° E, 128 – 133 m, 06 Jul 2009. NIWA 21261, 1 female (3.0 mm), NZOI Stn. I 15, 35.409 ° S, 174.467 ° E, 50 m, 04 May 1975. NIWA 21255, 4 males (3.4 – 3.7 mm), NZOI Stn. I 19, 35.420 ° S, 175.007 ° E, 270 m, 05 May 1975. NIWA 54384, 1 male (3.4 mm), Stn. TAN 0906 / 2, 35.552 – 35.547 ° S, 174.560 – 174.561 ° E, 60 – 61 m, 04 Jul 2009. NIWA 21253, 1 male (3.2 mm), NZOI Stn. I 4, 35.797 ° S, 175.217 ° E, 151 m, 02 May 1975. NIWA 21257, 3 males (2.5 – 3.9 mm), 1 female ov. (2.8 mm), NZOI Stn. I 3, 35.807 ° S, 175.062 ° E, 134 m, 02 May 1975. Hauraki Gulf: NIWA 21154, 3 males (2.4 – 3.8 mm), 1 female (3.8 mm), NZOI Stn. F 936, 36.150 ° S, 174.75 ° E, 53 m, 17 Oct 1968. NHMUK 1912: 11.5.61 – 68, 7 males (4.3 – 2.1 mm), 1 female ov. (3.1 mm), 1 female (2.7 mm), 36.5 ° S, 175 ° E (estimated), coll. 1912. Bay of Plenty: NIWA 9241, 1 female ov. (4.5 mm), Stn. TAN 0413 / 164, 37.467 – 37.469 ° S, 176.915 – 176.915 ° E, 225 – 210 m, 15 Nov 2004. NIWA 135614, 2 females (4.0, 3.8 mm), Stn. KAH 9907 / 48, Bay of Plenty, 37.469 – 37.468 ° S, 177.112 – 177.110 ° E, 250 – 310 m, 05 Jun 1999. East Cape: NIWA 75340, 1 male (2.1 mm), 2 females (1.8, 2.7 mm), Stn. TAN 1108 / 213, Ranfurly Bank, 37.547 – 37.546 ° S, 178.893 – 178.888 ° E, 68 – 70 m, 30 May 2011. NIWA 75537, 2 males (3.8, 4.0 mm), Stn. TAN 1108 / 249, Ranfurly Bank, 37.646 – 37.647 ° S, 178.944 – 178.949 ° E, 158 – 160 m, 01 Jun 2011. NIWA 75698, 1 female (3.8 mm), Stn. TAN 1108 / 277, Ranfurly Bank, 37.460 ° S, 178.942 ° E, 154 m, 03 Jun 2011. NIWA 75213, 2 males (4.2, 4.5 mm), Stn. TAN 1108 / 197, Ariel Bank, 38.759 – 38.756 ° S, 178.355 – 178.364 ° E, 46 – 42 m, 29 May 2011. NIWA 75073, 1 female (3.5 mm), Stn. TAN 1108 / 179, ‘ Cabbage Patch’, 38.968 – 38.968 ° S, 178.096 – 178.092 ° E, 46 – 41 m, 28 May 2011. Taranaki shelf: NIWA 11048, 1 male and 1 female (both with broken carapace), NZOI Stn. B 664, North Taranaki Bight, 38.030 ° S, 174.422 ° E, 75 – 75 m, 25 Oct 1962. NIWA 76633, 1 male (2.7 mm), Stn. TAN 1105 / 128, North Taranaki Bight, Coral Canyon, 38.157 – 38.151 ° S, 173.790 – 173.789 ° E, 258 – 330 m, 04 Apr 2011. NIWA 73735, 1 male (5.1 mm), 1 female (2.2 mm), Stn. TAN 1105 / 115, North Taranaki Bight, The Drop Off, 38.289 – 38.291 ° S, 173.457 – 173.453 ° E, 164 – 189 m, 03 Apr 2011. NIWA 73837, 3 males (2.2, 2.5, 2.7 mm), 2 females (2.6, 2.7 mm), Stn. TAN 1105 / 137, North Taranaki Bight, The Well, 38.445 – 38.437 ° S, 173.316 – 173.319 ° E, 240 – 170 m, 05 Apr 2011. NIWA 21254, 1 female (3.6 mm), NZOI Stn. E 908, 38.633 ° S, 172.683 ° E, 256 m, 28 Mar 1968. NIWA 10100, 1 female ov. (4.1 mm), NZOI Stn. B 660, 38.667 ° S, 174.200 ° E, 73 – 75 m, 24 Oct 1962. OM IV 14562, 5 males (2.1 – 3.5 mm), 3 females (2.4 – 4.2 mm), Wanganui, coll. S. H. Drew. Marlborough Sounds: NIWA 21265, 1 male (4.3 mm), NZOI Stn. Q 91, 40.642 ° S, 174.017 ° E, 215 m, 03 Nov 1978. NIWA 73911, 4 males (3.5 – 4.0 mm), 2 females ov. (3.4, 3.5 mm), 1 female (2.5 mm), Stn. TAN 1105 / 156, D’Urville Island East, 40.823 – 40.819 ° S, 173.945 – 173.945 ° E, 32 – 22 m, 07 Apr 2011. NIWA 10126, 9 specimens (3.0 – 4.5 mm), NZOI Stn. C 863, 40.955 ° S, 174.003 ° E, 39 m, 04 Mar 1962. NIWA 10679, 9 specimens (not measured), NZOI Stn. C 863, 40.955 ° S, 174.003 ° E, 39 m, 04 Mar 1962. NIWA 21256, 1 female (3.5 mm), NZOI Stn. T 478, 41.053 ° S, 174.358 ° E, 93 m, 07 Dec 1983. NIWA 21247, 5 specimens (3.6 – 5.1 mm), NZOI Stn. E 439, 41.067 ° S, 174.317 ° E, 22 m, 22 Oct 1965. Cook Strait: NIWA 21278, 1 male (5.0 mm), NZOI Stn. N 919, 41.540 ° S, 175.090 ° E, 80 m, 28 Aug 1977. OM IV 14565, 1 male (3.7 mm), 2 females ov. (3.8, 4.4 mm), Cook Strait cable, coll. Captain Gray. Chatham Rise: NIWA 21234, 5 males (2.7 – 5.0 mm), 2 females (2.1, 3.4 mm), NZOI Stn. C 957, Mernoo Bank, 43.150 ° S, 175.25 ° E, 123 m, 07 Mar 1963. NIWA 21236, 1 female (4.3 mm), NZOI Stn. C 958, Mernoo Bank, 43.183 ° S, 175.450 ° E, 119 m, 07 Mar 1963. NIWA 10898, 1 female (2.3 mm), NZOI Stn. J 54, Mernoo Bank, 43.208 ° S, 175.433 ° E, 102 m, 16 May 1970. NIWA 10113, 5 specimens (not measured), NZOI Stn. D 875, 43.417 ° S, 176.833 ° E, 113 m, 25 Mar 1969. NIWA 21168, 2 females (1.9, 2.0 mm), NZOI Stn. E 108, 43.483 ° S, 177 ° E, 95 m, 12 Oct 1964. NIWA 10133, 1 female (3.1 mm), NZOI Stn. D 874, 43.5 ° S, 176.833 ° W, 60 m, 25 Mar 1969. NIWA 21170, 1 male (3.8 mm), NZOI Stn. E 116, 43.5 ° S, 176.742 ° E, 77 m, 13 Oct 1964. NIWA 21174, 1 female ov. (3.5 mm), 1 female (3.3 mm), NZOI Stn. E 116, 43.5 ° S, 176.742 ° E, 77 m, 13 Oct 1964. NIWA 21250, 2 males (3.6, 4.0 mm), 1 female (3.0 mm), NZOI Stn. E 116, 43.5 ° S, 176.742 ° W, 77 m, 13 Oct 1964. NIWA 10114, 4 specimens (not measured), NZOI Stn. D 873, 43.575 ° S, 176.633 ° W, 66 m, 25 Mar 1969. NIWA 21260, 2 males (2.2, 2.5 mm), 2 females (2.5, 3.5 mm), NZOI Stn. D 883, 43.583 ° S, 176.667 ° W, 58 m, 26 Mar 1969. NIWA 19426, 1 male (2.5 mm), 3 females ov. (2.8, 3.0, 3.7 mm), NZOI Stn. A 917, 43.933 ° S, 179.25 ° E, 203 m, 15 Sep 1963. NIWA 21282, 13 specimens (not measured), NZOI Stn. A 917, 43.933 ° S, 179.25 ° W, 203 m, 15 Sep 1963. NIWA 106422, 9 specimens (3.4 – 4.5 mm), Stn. TAN 0301 / 51, 43.933 – 43.971 ° S, 175.375 – 174.672 ° W, 232 – 208 m, 06 Jan 2003. NIWA 10896, 1 male (2.6 mm), NZOI Stn. A 916, Matheson Bank, 43.975 ° S, 179.183 ° W, 274 m, 15 Sep 1963. NIWA 21166, 1 male (2.4 mm), 3 females ov. (2.9, 3.0, 3.3 mm), 1 female (2.8 mm), NZOI Stn. A 916, Matheson Bank, 43.975 ° S, 179.183 ° W, 274 m, 15 Sep 1963. NIWA 19427, 3 males (5.2, 6.0, 6.1 mm), 2 females (3.2, 4.6 mm), NZOI Stn. Q 16, 43.990 ° S, 179.260 ° W, 215 m, 16 Mar 1978. NIWA 21294, 1 male (4.4 mm), NZOI Stn. G 327, 44.092 ° S, 179.100 ° W, 322 m, 01 Feb 1968. NIWA 21271, 1 male (2.8 mm), NZOI Stn. J 55, Veryan Bank, 44.092 ° S, 176.200 ° E, 198 m, 17 May 1970. NIWA 11623, 2 males (3.1, 4.3 mm), NZOI Stn. D 1, Veryan Bank, 44.300 ° S, 176.167 ° E, 141 m, 12 Apr 1963. NIWA 21235, 1 male (3.7 mm), NZOI Stn. C 601, Veryan Bank, 44.300 ° S, 176.267 ° E, 144 m, 24 Apr 1961. NIWA 10107, 5 specimens (not measured), NZOI Stn. D 896, 44.333 ° S, 175.833 ° W, 106 m, 29 Mar 1969. Canterbury shelf: NIWA 10673, 1 male (5.0 mm), NZOI Stn. S 201, 42.943 ° S, 173.650 ° E, 340 m, 01 Nov 1979. NIWA 10087, 1 male (4.0 mm), 1 female (4.3 mm), NZOI Stn. C 683, 42.468 ° S, 173.679 ° E, 88 m, 17 Jun 1961. NIWA 74055, 2 males (5.3, 5.8 mm), 1 female (4.3 mm), Stn. TAN 1108 / 5, Conway Ridge, 42.823 – 42.820 ° S, 173.571 – 173.569 ° E, 108 m, 12 May 2011. NIWA 76629, 1 male (5.1 mm), 1 female ov. (5.1 mm), 1 female (4.9 mm), Stn. TAN 1108 / 39, North Canterbury, 43.056 – 43.003 ° S, 173.547 – 173.544 ° E, 109 m, 15 May 2011. NIWA 76630, 12 specimens (not measured), Stn. TAN 1108 / 166, North Canterbury, 43.099 – 43.095 ° S, 173.446 – 173.444 ° E, 79 m, 26 May 2011. NIWA 74165, 1 female (4.2 mm), Stn. TAN 1108 / 19, Pegasus Canyon, 43.565 – 43.568 ° S, 173.557 – 173.558 ° E, 86 m, 13 May 2011. NIWA 44747, 2 females ov. (3.3, 2.3 mm), 1 female (2.4 mm), Stn. KAH 0705 / 22, Pegasus Bay, South Canterbury Bight, 43.602 – 43.654 ° S, 173.473 – 173.473 ° E, 88 – 91 m, 10 May 2007. NIWA 19393, 1 male (3.9 mm), 1 female ov. (3.3 mm), NZOI Stn. D 114, 44.200 ° S, 173.300 ° E, 84 m, 07 Oct 1963. NIWA 21248, 1 female ov. (4.2 mm), NZOI Stn. G 660, 44.417 ° S, 172 ° E, 63 m, 18 Jan 1970. NIWA 44748, 1 male (2.8 mm), Stn. KAH 0705 / 66, 44.768 – 44.817 ° S, 171.489 – 171.513 ° E, 50 – 56 m, 24 May 2007. Otago shelf: NIWA 21289, 1 female ov. (4.5 mm), NZOI Stn. G 669, 44.950 ° S, 171.467 ° E, 63 m, 19 Jan 1970. NIWA 10089, 1 male (5.4 mm), NZOI Stn. B 563, 45.307 ° S, 171.25 ° E, 71 m, 07 Oct 1962. NIWA 74253, 1 male (5.0 mm), 1 female 3.8 mm), Stn. TAN 1108 / 53, The Haypaddock, 45.338 – 45.341 ° S, 171.272 – 171.270 ° E, 80 m, 16 May 2011. NIWA 76626, 1 male (4.0 mm), 1 female (3.5 mm), Stn. TAN 1108 / 53, The Haypaddock, 45.338 – 45.341 ° S, 171.272 – 171.270 ° E, 80 m, 16 May 2011. NIWA 49392, 1 male (3.3 mm), Stn. KAH 0905 / 55, east coast, South Island, 45.555 – 45.510 ° S, 171.060 – 171.084 ° E, 63 – 71 m, 25 May 2009. NIWA 76632, 1 male (3.6 mm), Stn. TAN 1108 / 148, Cornish Head Canyon, 45.626 – 45.627 ° S, 171.059 – 171.062 ° E, 230 – 305 m, 25 May 2011. NIWA 74453, 2 males (5.3, 5.4 mm), 1 female ov. (5.2 mm), 1 female (5.3 mm), Stn. TAN 1108 / 67, Otago Shelf, 45.890 – 45.896 ° S, 170.833 – 170.834 ° E, 80 – 85 m, bryozoan thickets, 17 May 2011. NIWA 76627, 3 males (4.8, 5.4, 5.9 mm), 2 females (3.0, 4.2 mm), Stn. TAN 1108 / 117, Otago shelf, 45.899 – 45.899 ° S, 171.044 – 171.050 ° E, 197 – 215 m, 23 May 2011. NIWA 76631, 1 female (3.6 mm), Stn. TAN 1108 / 108, Otago Shelf, 45.921 – 45.916 ° S, 170.810 – 170.813 ° E, 83 – 84 m, bryozoan thickets, 23 May 2011. NIWA 74398, 40 specimens (not measured), Stn. TAN 1108 / 66, Otago Shelf, 45.932 – 45.933 ° S, 170.789 – 170.784, 75 – 71 m, bryozoan thickets, 17 May 2011. Southland and Stewart Island: NIWA 21165, 1 female ov. (4.7 mm), NZOI Stn. E 817, 46.225 ° S, 166.483 ° E, 235 m, 23 Oct 1967. NIWA 21259, 2 males (2.5, 4.2 mm), 1 female ov. (3.0 mm), 1 female (3.4 mm), NZOI Stn. E 820, 46.583 ° S, 165.967 ° E, 220 m, 23 Oct 1967. NIWA 74538, 1 male (4.0 mm), Stn. TAN 1108 / 77, Foveaux Strait, 46.713 – 46.709 ° S, 167.989 – 167.989 ° E, 42 – 49 m, 19 May 2011. NIWA 74640, 1 male (5.0 mm), Stn. TAN 1108 / 102, Mason Canyon, Codfish Island, 46.746 – 46.742 ° S, 167.428 – 167.431 ° E, 142 – 141 m, 22 May 2011. NIWA 74590, 4 males (1.7 – 4.9 mm), 4 females (2.1 – 4.2 mm), Stn. TAN 1108 / 96, Mason Canyon, Codfish Island, 46.774 – 46.773 ° S, 167.461 – 167.456 ° E, 160 – 178 m, 21 May 2011. OM IV 14566, 1 male (2.8 mm), Paterson Inlet, 8 fathoms (15 m). The Snares Islands: NIWA 21176, 1 male (5.0 mm), NZOI Stn. A 865, 47.333 ° S, 167.917 ° E, 106 m, 29 Aug 1963. NIWA 10903, 2 female ov. (4.5, 5.0 mm), NZOI Stn. D 156, 48.025 ° S, 166.583 ° E, 81 m, 16 Jan 1964. NIWA 135615, 2 males (4.5, 5.4 mm), RV Polaris, 48.036 ° S, 166.598 ° E, 83 m, 30 Nov 2018. Campbell Plateau: NIWA 11622, 1 female (2.6 mm), NZOI Stn. D 83, 49.883 ° S, 167.150 ° E, 150 m, 13 May 1963. New South Wales, Australia: AM P 28808, 1 male (2.9 mm), FRV Kapala Stn. K 79 - 08 - 05, E of Broken Bay, 33.47 – 33.52 ° S, 152.07 – 152.02 ° E, 366 m, prawn trawl, coll. K. Graham, 18 Jul 1979. AM P 89819, 1 female (3.0 mm), Stn. K 78 - 27 - 13, NE of Wollongong, 34.35 ° S, 151.38 ° E, 439 m, 13 Dec 1978. AM P 20755, 1 male (3.9 mm), E of Bass Point, 34.48 – 34.58 ° S, 151.32 – 151.28 ° E, 439 – 458 m, 30 Jun 1975. AM P 89901, 2 males (1.9, 2.1 mm), RV Southern Surveyor, Stn. SS 05 / 94 / 172, E of Bermagui, 36.377 ° S, 150.248 ° E, 123 – 277 m, 8 Sep 1994. AM P 89914, 1 male (2.2 mm), Stn. SS 05 / 94 / 155, E of Bermagui, 36.430 ° S, 150.235 ° E, 119 – 122 m, 5 Sep 1994. AM P 103798, 2 males (2.0, 2.1 mm), 1 female (1.3 mm), Stn. K 80 - 07 - 02, SE of Tathra Head, 36.75 – 36.80 ° S, 150.03 – 150.05 ° E, 64 m, trawl, 10 Jun 1980. AM P 89898, 1 male (2.3 mm), Stn. SS 05 / 94 / 134, E of Merimbula, 36.930 ° S, 149.968 ° E, 43 – 44 m, 3 Sep 1994. AM P 90356, 1 female ov. (badly damaged), Stn. SS 05 / 94 / 127, E of Disaster Bay, 37.315 ° S, 149.993 ° E, 24 – 30 m, benthic sled, 2 Sep 1994. Victoria, Australia: AM P 89913, 1 female (3.1 mm), Stn. SS 05 / 94 / 86, S of Mallacoota, 37.660 ° S, 149.790 ° E, 76 – 85 m, 30 Aug 1994. AM P 90065, 2 males (2.3, 2.7 mm), 2 females ov. (1.9, 2.3 mm), Stn. SS 05 / 94 / 86, S of Mallacoota, 37.660 ° S, 149.790 ° E, 76 – 85 m, 30 Aug 1994. AM P 89922, 1 male (2.2 mm), 1 female ov. (2.5 mm), Stn. SS 05 / 94 / 98, S of Gabo Island, 37.852 ’ S, 149.845 ’ E, 130 – 131 m, benthic sled, 31 Aug 1994. AM P 90064, 1 female (1.7 mm), Stn. SS 05 / 94 / 76, S of Point Hicks, Bass Strait, 38.032 ° S, 149.220 ° E, 119 – 120 m, 29 Aug 1994. AM P 89907, 1 male (3.3 mm), 1 female (2.9 mm), Stn. SS 05 / 94 / 76, S of Point Hicks, Bass Strait, 38.032 ° S, 149.220 ° E, 119 – 120 m, 29 Aug 1994. AM P 89918, 2 males (2.3, 3.3 mm), Stn. SS 05 / 94 / 43, Bass Strait, E of Seal Islands, 38.730 ° S, 148.261 ° E, 84 – 85 m, 26 Aug 1994. AM P 103799, 1 female ov. (2.5 mm), Stn. SS 05 / 94 / 59, Bass Strait, E of Seal Islands, 38.942 ° S, 148.322 ° E, 80 – 85 m, 27 Aug 1994. South Australia, Australia: SAM C 715, 1 female (2.7 mm), between Beachport and Althorpes, 36 ° S, 138.5 ° E, 91 – 183 m, coll. 1925. SAM C 9974, 1 female (3.2 mm), Stn. DCE _ 100, du Couedic Canyon, 36.336 ° S, 136.623 ° E, 106 m. NHMD- 87943, 1 male (3.2 mm), Galathea Stn. 562, Great Australian Bight, 37.017 ° S, 138.633 ° E, 60 m, 12 Jun 1951. SAM C 9973, 1 male (1.6 mm), 1 female (1.8 mm), Stn. BW _ 100, Bonney Canyon, 37.444 ° S, 139.539 ° E, 92 m.	en	Schnabel, Kareen E., Ahyong, Shane T. (2019): The squat lobster genus Phylladiorhynchus Baba, 1969 in New Zealand and eastern Australia, with description of six new species. Zootaxa 4688 (3): 301-347, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4688.3.1
03E48785735BFFC2FF25B166FB5DFDA0.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Rostrum lateral margins convex; subapical spines present. Carapace with transverse row of 4 epigastric spines; anterior metagastric ridge continuous, not medially interrupted; hepatic spine present. Thoracic sternite 3 anterior margin biconcave, with obtuse median projection. Abdominal tergite 3 with anterior and posterior transverse ridge. Antennular article 1 with 5 distal spines: first lateral spine reaching anteriorly to about same level as distomesial and dorsal distolateral spines; second lateral spine well-developed but distinctly shorter than distomesial spine, always distinct. Antennal article 1 mesial process distally overreaching peduncle and usually reaching second lateral antennular spine; article 2 with lateral spine distinctly larger than mesial spine; article 3 usually unarmed or with minute mesial spine only. Maxilliped 3 merus with 1 prominent spine on flexor margin. P 2 – 4 dactylus extensor margin without upright spines at bases of movable spines. De s cription. Carapace: Length [0.9] – 1.0 × width; transverse ridges with dense short setae, and few scattered, longer iridescent setae. Gastric region with 4 more or less interrupted anterior transverse ridges, posterior ridges short and scale-like: medially interrupted epigastric ridge, with 2 pairs of distinct submedian spines; anterior protogastric ridge uninterrupted, extending laterally to carapace margin; anterior mesogastric ridge interrupted laterally by cervical groove; metagastric ridge nearly always continuous, laterally interrupted by cervical groove, laterally continuing uninterrupted to lateral margin of carapace between third lateral branchial spines. Mid-transverse ridge uninterrupted, preceded by shallow cervical groove, followed by 2 complete, uninterrupted ridges, intervened by 3 interrupted ridges. Lateral margins medially convex, with 7 or 8 spines: 2 spines (anterolateral, hepatic) in front and 5 or 6 spines (3 anterior branchial spines, 2 or 3 posterior branchial spines) behind distinct anterior cervical groove. Anterolateral spine well-developed, reaching or nearly reaching anteriorly to level of lateral orbital spine, size subequal. Hepatic spine small, set slightly dorsomesial from lateral margin. Anterior branchial spines subequal in size. Posterior branchial spines progressively smaller posteriorly, first spine subequal to anterior branchial spines. Rostrum 0.4 – 0.6 [0.5] × pcl; length-width ratio 1.2 – 1.9 [1.8]; distance between basal spines around 0.3 × carapace width; dorsal surface slightly concave; lateral margin distinctly convex, with distinct pair of sub-apical spines. Pterygostomian flap with small, sharp anterior spine, otherwise unarmed; entire surface with series of broken and continuous striae. Thoracic sternum: Sternal plastron as wide as or slightly wider than long (length-width ratio [0.8] – 0.9), lateral margins divergent posteriorly. Sternite 3 about twice as wide as long; anterior margin ‘ scalloped’, biconcave, produced medially and laterally, with concave margins between. Abdomen: Tergites 2 and 3 with anterior and posterior transverse ridges; tergite 4 with anterior ridge only; tergites 5 and 6 smooth, without elevated ridges. Eye: Eye slightly longer than wide, peduncle distally setose, not distinctly expanded proximally, with few short transverse striae on lateral surfaces; cornea not dilated. Antennule: Article 1 with 5 well-developed distal spines, distomesial spine well-developed, slightly over-reach- ing first (lower) distolateral spine; paired distolateral spines present; second (proximal) lateral spine always well developed. Antenna: Article 1 with prominent mesial process, distally overreaching peduncle and usually reaching lateral antennular spine. Article 2 with distinct lateral spine and small but usually distinct mesial distal spines. Article 3 usually unarmed or with very small mesial spine only (as in holotype). Article 4 unarmed. Maxilliped 3 (Mxp 3): Ischium with pronounced distal spines on flexor and extensor margins; crista dentata with regular row of spines along entire margin. Merus slightly shorter than ischium at midline, with strong distal spines on extensor margins, subequal in size to spine at midlength on flexor margin, otherwise unarmed. Cheliped: Subcylindrical, spiny and with scattered long setae; length 2.3 – 4.4 × pcl (males), 2.4 – 3.3 [3.0] (females), generally longer in males and larger females. Ischiomerus 0.8 – 1.7 [1.2] × pcl, 2.0 – 3.3 [2.4] × carpus length; with rows of spines, lateral spines strongest. Carpus with rows of spines except for ventral surface, 1 or 2 mesial spines most prominent. Palm 1.0 – 2.0 [1.2] × carpus length, height-width ratio 1.6 – 2.8 [1.9], with 4 parallel rows of spines (2 mesial, 1 at about dorsal midline, 1 close to lateral margin, with 1 or 2 spines reaching onto proximal portion of pollex). Dactylus 0.7 – 1.1 [1.0] × palm length; with 1 distinct proximal spine only; surface with short setiferous striae; distally with row of spines along curved margin; tip excavated. Walking legs (P 2 – 4): relatively robust, subcylindrical, moderately setose and spinose. Meri successively shorter posteriorly (P 2 merus 1.1 × length of P 3 merus, P 3 merus 1.1 × length of P 4 merus). P 2 merus 0.6 – [0.8] × pcl; length 4 – 5 × width. P 3 merus 1.1 × length of P 3 propodus; length about 4 × width. P 4 merus 0.9 – [1.0] × P 4 propodus length; length about 4 × width. Extensor margin of P 2 and P 3 with regular row of spines, proximally diminishing, with prominent distal spine; P 4 extensor margin irregular but unarmed other than distal spine; ventral margins of all legs irregular and with strong distal spine; P 4 lateral surface with median row of small spines, absent on P 2 and P 3. Carpus with 3 or 4 spines on extensor margin on P 2 – 3 (very small in smaller specimens), irregular but unarmed on P 4; distal spine prominent on all legs; row of 1 – 4 spines below extensor margin on lateral surface on all legs; flexor margin unarmed. P 2 – 4 propodus length 5.0 × height; extensor margin usually with 1 proximal spine on P 2 – 3, unarmed on P 4; flexor margin with 3 – 7 slender movable spines in addition to distal pair. Dactyli 0.5 – [0.6] × propodus length, ending in incurved, strong, sharp spine; flexor margin with 6 – 9 movable spines, otherwise unarmed. Eggs: Ovigerous females carried approximately 30 – 200 eggs of 0.3 – 0.4 mm diameter. Size. Male pcl 1.4 – 6.1 mm, female pcl 1.3 – 5.3 mm, ovigerous female pcl ≥ 2.3 mm. Colour in life. (Fig. 15 A). Base colour of body orange-red with distinct white median band along carapace and abdomen. Walking legs banded with darker red transverse bands. Cheliped with some white patches along distal portion of palm and fingers. Eyes pale yellow. (Based on 3.5 mm ovigerous female, NIWA 56096). Parasites. Four lots included a specimen each with a kentrogonid rhizocephalan externa under the abdomen (NIWA 10124, 10880, 21254 and 135614) and one specimen had a bopyrid in its branchial cavity (NIWA 73492). A female (NIWA 21254) had both a rhizocephalan and a bopyrid parasite. Genetic data. Eight specimens from across the New Zealand distribution were sequenced for the partial COI gene (the holotype NIWA 92587, paratypes and non-types from NIWA 33656, 122226, 56530, 57421, 108588 and 44747; see Table 1).	en	Schnabel, Kareen E., Ahyong, Shane T. (2019): The squat lobster genus Phylladiorhynchus Baba, 1969 in New Zealand and eastern Australia, with description of six new species. Zootaxa 4688 (3): 301-347, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4688.3.1
03E48785735BFFC2FF25B166FB5DFDA0.taxon	etymology	Etymology. This species name is derived from the Latin australis meaning southern, highlighting the wide distribution from New Zealand to the Great Australia Bight, South Australia.	en	Schnabel, Kareen E., Ahyong, Shane T. (2019): The squat lobster genus Phylladiorhynchus Baba, 1969 in New Zealand and eastern Australia, with description of six new species. Zootaxa 4688 (3): 301-347, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4688.3.1
03E48785735BFFC2FF25B166FB5DFDA0.taxon	distribution	Distribution. New Zealand continental shelf, from the Snares to the Three King Islands and northwards to Norfolk Island, and westward to southern Australia (New South Wales to South Australia); 15 – 366 m. The median depth of occurrence is 114 m and this species primarily appears to inhabit depths of <200 m (Fig. 3).	en	Schnabel, Kareen E., Ahyong, Shane T. (2019): The squat lobster genus Phylladiorhynchus Baba, 1969 in New Zealand and eastern Australia, with description of six new species. Zootaxa 4688 (3): 301-347, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4688.3.1
03E48785735BFFC2FF25B166FB5DFDA0.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Phylladiorhynchus australis n. sp. is one of the most common species of the genus in the region and is characterised by the combination of four epigastric spines, a medially uninterrupted metagastric ridge, a convex lateral margin of the rostrum, a distinct posterior transverse ridge on the third abdominal tergite, the anteriorly scalloped sternite 3, the distinct lateral spine on the basal antennular article, small mesial spine on antennal article 2 and distolaterally unarmed article 3. The new species is morphologically and genetically most similar to P. nui n. sp., which is also very common around New Zealand. These two species can be difficult to separate morphologically but appear to have largely separate bathymetric ranges with only limited overlap: 15 – 366 m (usually <200 m) versus 46 – 1266 m (usually> 200 m) (Fig. 3 inset). Phylladiorhynchus australis attains a smaller size (pcl 1.4 – 6.1 mm, mean slightly exceeding 3.0 mm) than P. nui (pcl 2.2 – 10.7 mm, mean nearly 6.0 mm). Distinguishing characters are discussed below under the account of the latter species. Most of the material examined of P. australis had previously been identified as P. pusillus based on the presence of two pairs of epigastric spines, but P. australis is relatively easily distinguished from P. pusillus s. s. by the combination of a medially unbroken metagastric ridge (broken in P. pusillus.), the biconcave and ‘ scalloped’ anterior margin of sternite 3 (convex in P. pusillus.), the transverse posterior ridge on tergite 3 (usually absent in P. pusillus.) and a very small or absent mesial spine on antennal article 3 (small but distinct in P. pusillus). Interestingly, both species can co-occur (e. g., Stn. TAN 0906 / 130 and SAM Stn. DCE _ 100). Specimens reported as Galathea pusilla by Chilton (1906) (Channel Islands, Hauraki Gulf) and Chilton (1911) (from 1907 Nova Niven Station 30) are identified here as P. australis on the basis of photographs of the specimens kindly provided by Jonathan Ridden and Cor Vink (Canterbury Museum, Christchurch). Similarly, Thomson’s (1899) records of G. pusilla (OM IV 14562, 14565, 14566, examined here) are referable to P. australis. Of the seven specimens reported by Borradaile (1916) as Galathea pusilla from Terra Nova Stations 90 (183 m) and 96 (128 m) off Northland, only those from Station 96 could be examined and confirmed as P. australis. Both stations lie in close proximity and specimens from Stn. 90 could also belong to P. australis.	en	Schnabel, Kareen E., Ahyong, Shane T. (2019): The squat lobster genus Phylladiorhynchus Baba, 1969 in New Zealand and eastern Australia, with description of six new species. Zootaxa 4688 (3): 301-347, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4688.3.1
03E487857352FFC6FF25B088FCE9FF14.taxon	description	(Fig. 4, 5)	en	Schnabel, Kareen E., Ahyong, Shane T. (2019): The squat lobster genus Phylladiorhynchus Baba, 1969 in New Zealand and eastern Australia, with description of six new species. Zootaxa 4688 (3): 301-347, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4688.3.1
03E487857352FFC6FF25B088FCE9FF14.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. HOLOTYPE: NIWA 135617, male (3.3 mm) West Norfolk Ridge, NZOI Stn. P 10, 32.667 ° S, 167.473 ° E, 378 m, 25 Jan 1977. PARATYPES: AWMM MA 73597 (ex NIWA 123247), 1 male (3.1 mm), off L’Esperance Rock, Kermadec Islands, Stn. TAN 1612 / 108, 31.373 – 31.376 ° S, 178.732 – 178.733 ° W, 506 – 502 m, 01 Nov 2016. NIWA 21269, 2 males (2.8, 3.1), station details as for holotype. Other material. NIWA 21201, 1 male (2.3 mm), 1 female (2.1 mm), Norfolk Island, NZOI Stn. I 85, 29.132 ° S, 168.25 ° E, 290 m, 22 Jul 1975. NIWA 23099, 1 male (2.6 mm), Norfolk Ridge, NZOI Stn. I 94, 29.337 ° S, 168.180 ° E, 308 m, 24 Jul 1975.	en	Schnabel, Kareen E., Ahyong, Shane T. (2019): The squat lobster genus Phylladiorhynchus Baba, 1969 in New Zealand and eastern Australia, with description of six new species. Zootaxa 4688 (3): 301-347, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4688.3.1
03E487857352FFC6FF25B088FCE9FF14.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Carapace with transverse row of 5 epigastric spines (median and 2 on either side of midline); metagastric ridge medially interrupted; anterior branchial margin with 3 spines. Maxilliped 3 merus with 2 prominent spines on flexor margin. Thoracic sternite 3 anterior margin sinuous, with shallow median concavity. Antennular article 1 with 5 or 6 distal spines: distomesial spine distinctly shorter than upper distolateral spine; first lateral spine about as long as upper distolateral spine, followed laterally by 1 or 2 small spines similar to distomesial spine. Antennal article 1 mesial process distally falling well short of second lateral antennular spine; article 2 distolateral and distomesial spines subequal; article 3 with small to distinct mesial spine, laterally unarmed. P 2 – 4 dactylus extensor margin without upright spines at bases of movable spines. De s cription. Carapace: As long as wide; transverse ridges with dense short setae, and few scattered longer setae. Gastric region with 3 interrupted anterior transverse ridges: epigastric ridge indistinct, with 5 spines (1 median and 2 pairs of spines laterally); anterior protogastric ridge with small median gap or continuous, nearly extending laterally to carapace margin; anterior mesogastric ridge minutely interrupted or continuous, broken laterally by cervical groove, laterally continuing uninterrupted to first branchial spine; metagastric ridge medially broken; sometimes with short scales scattered between ridges. Mid-transverse ridge uninterrupted, preceded by shallow cervical groove, followed by 2 complete, uninterrupted or minutely interrupted ridges, interspersed with 3 short lateral ridges and few short, scattered scales. Lateral margins weakly convex, with 7 or 8 spines: 2 spines (anterolateral, hepatic) in front of, and 5 or 6 spines (3 anterior branchial spines, 2 or 3 posterior branchial spines) behind distinct anterior cervical groove. Anterolateral spine well-developed, reaching or nearly reaching anteriorly to level of lateral orbital spine, subequal in size. Hepatic spine small, set slightly dorsomesially from lateral margin. Anterior branchial spines subequal in size. Posterior branchial spines progressively smaller posteriorly, first spine subequal to anterior branchial spines. Rostrum 0.5 × pcl, length-width ratio 1.5 – 1.8, distance between basal rostral spines about 0.3 × carapace width; dorsal surface very slightly concave; lateral margins straight, sub-apical spines obsolescent. Pterygostomian flap without anterior spine; surface unarmed, with series of short striae. Thoracic sternum: Sternal plastron about as wide as long, lateral margins of posterior half slightly divergent. Sternite 3 width 2 – 3 × length; anterior margin with small median notch; lateral margins rounded. Abdomen: Tergite 2 with anterior and posterior transverse ridges; tergites 3 and 4 with anterior transverse ridge, posterior transverse ridge absent; tergites 5 – 6 smooth, without elevated ridges. Eye: Eye length 1.4 – 1.6 × width, peduncle distally setose, not distinctly expanded proximally, with few short transverse striae on lateral surfaces; cornea not dilated. Antennule: Article 1 with [5] – 6 well-developed distal spines: distomesial spine small, pair of distolateral spines present; proximal lateral spine small, always present. Short striae covering mesial surfaces. Antenna: Article 1 with prominent mesial process, distally falling well short of lateral antennular spine. Article 2 with distinct distal spines laterally and mesially. Article 3 with small to distinct mesial spine, laterally unarmed. Article 4 unarmed. Maxilliped 3 (Mxp 3): Ischium with distinct distal spines on both flexor and extensor margins; crista dentata with regular row of spines along entire margin. Merus 0.7 – 0.8 × length of ischium at midline, with small distal spines on extensor margin and 2 much larger spines at flexor margin, otherwise unarmed. Cheliped: Length about 3 – 4 × pcl in both sexes; subcylindrical, spiny and with scattered long setae. Ischiomerus 1.2 – 1.7 × pcl, slightly exceeding twice carpus length; with rows of spines, mesial spines strongest. Carpus with rows of spines on all surfaces, row of mesial spines most prominent. Palm 1.0 – 1.3 × carpus length, length-width ratio 1.5 – 2.4, with parallel rows of spines (2 closely running parallel along mesial, 1 at about dorsal surface midline, 1 close to lateral margin). Dactylus and pollex subequal in length to palm; surface with short setiferous striae; distally with row of spines along curved margin; tip excavated. Pollex lateral margin with 1 or 2 spines reaching onto proximal portion; occlusal margin with 2 proximal processes, distinct in massive chela. Dactylus with 1 small to distinct external spine at its base; occlusal margin with basal process, well developed if chela massive. Central portion of gape evenly concave. Walking legs (P 2 – 4): Slender, subcylindrical, moderately setose and spinose. Merus successively shorter posteriorly (P 2 merus 1.1 × length of P 3 merus, P 3 merus 1.1 × length of P 4 merus). P 2 merus 0.8 × pcl, 1.2 × P 2 propodus length; length 5 – 6 × width. P 3 merus 1.2 × P 3 propodus length; length about 5 × width. P 4 merus as long as P 4 propodus; length 5 – 6 × width. Extensor margin of P 2 and P 3 with regular row of spines, proximally diminishing, with prominent distal spine; P 4 extensor margin irregular but unarmed other than distal spine; flexor margins of all legs irregular and with distal spine; P 4 lateral surface with median row of 3 or 4 small spines, absent on P 2 and P 3. Carpus with 3 or 4 spines on extensor margin on P 2 – 3, unarmed on P 4; distal spine prominent on P 2 – 3, minute on P 4; row of small spines below extensor margin on lateral surface of P 2 – 3, unarmed on P 4; flexor margin unarmed. P 2 – 4 propodus length 6 – 7 × height; extensor margin irregular, typically unarmed; flexor margin with 2 – 4 slender movable spines in addition to distal pair. Dactylus 0.6 – 0.7 × length of propodus, ending in incurved, strong, sharp spine; flexor margin with 6 – 9 movable spines, otherwise unarmed. Size. Male pcl 2.3 – 3.3 mm; female pcl 2.1 mm. Colour in life. Unknown. Genetic data. A COI sequence was generated from a Kermadec Islands sample (AWMM MA 73597, Table 1).	en	Schnabel, Kareen E., Ahyong, Shane T. (2019): The squat lobster genus Phylladiorhynchus Baba, 1969 in New Zealand and eastern Australia, with description of six new species. Zootaxa 4688 (3): 301-347, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4688.3.1
03E487857352FFC6FF25B088FCE9FF14.taxon	etymology	Etymology. From Erebus, of Greek mythology, a primordial deity personifying deep darkness and shadows, alluding to the deep-water occurrence of the new species. Used as a noun in apposition. Di s tribution. Norfolk and Kermadec Ridges; 290 – 506 m.	en	Schnabel, Kareen E., Ahyong, Shane T. (2019): The squat lobster genus Phylladiorhynchus Baba, 1969 in New Zealand and eastern Australia, with description of six new species. Zootaxa 4688 (3): 301-347, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4688.3.1
03E487857352FFC6FF25B088FCE9FF14.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Phylladiorhynchus erebus n. sp. belongs to the ‘ ikedai / bengalensis’ group that share the five epigastric spines and the maxilliped 3 merus with two prominent spines along the flexor margin. This now also includes P. kermadecensis n. sp., which differs in the presence of two instead of three anterior branchial spines along the lateral carapace margin (see comments under that species below). Ongoing studies by Rodríguez-Flores and colleagues indicate at least three further species will be added to this complex. Phylladiorhynchus erebus differs from P. ikedai (Miyake & Baba, 1965) in the presence of 5 – 6 distal spines of the basal antennular article, the distolateral double spine is always present, and an additional third lateral spine may also be present; P. ikedai lacks the distolaterally split double spine. All the specimens examined here for P. erebus also show a medially broken metagastric ridge of the carapace, which appears continuous in P. ikedai s. s. Some variation in the material examined here is observed in the posterior transverse ridge of abdominal tergite 3 (present or absent), the distomesial spine on antennal article 3 being small or obsolescent and the form of the protogastric and mesogastric ridges (continuous to variably interrupted). These characters can be diagnostic in other species of Phylladiorhynchus indicating that the New Zealand material for P. erebus might still represent more than one species. Baba’s (1991) records of P. ikedai from New Caledonia and the Loyalty Islands might be referable to either of the new New Zealand species; records should be reviewed.	en	Schnabel, Kareen E., Ahyong, Shane T. (2019): The squat lobster genus Phylladiorhynchus Baba, 1969 in New Zealand and eastern Australia, with description of six new species. Zootaxa 4688 (3): 301-347, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4688.3.1
03E487857356FFD9FF25B73EFB71FEDC.taxon	description	(Fig. 6)	en	Schnabel, Kareen E., Ahyong, Shane T. (2019): The squat lobster genus Phylladiorhynchus Baba, 1969 in New Zealand and eastern Australia, with description of six new species. Zootaxa 4688 (3): 301-347, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4688.3.1
03E487857356FFD9FF25B73EFB71FEDC.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. NEOTYPE: BPBM S 13201, female ov. (1.5 mm), Kure Atoll, Stn. KUR-R- 11, coll. S. Godwin, 26 Sep 2002. Other material examined. Hawaiian Islands: NHMD- 87703, 1 male (2.2 mm), Honolulu, ca. 5 m, coral, 5 May 1915, Th. Mortensen. NHMD- 87707, 1 male (1.8 mm), Honolulu, 10 – 40 m, coral, 5 May 1915, Th. Mortensen. NHMD- 87702, 1 female ov. (2.0 mm), Honolulu, 20 – 80 m, 5 May 1915, Th. Mortensen. BPBM S 5106, 1 female (1.9 mm), Waikiki, estimated 21.27 ° N, 157.83 ° W, 18 feet depth (5.5 m), coll. H. Tuttle, 1 Jan 1945. BPBM 1272, 2 males (1.7, 1.9 mm), Laysan, estimated 25.77 ° N, 171.73 ° W, coll. Thaanum & Bell, April 1923. BPBM S 13213, 1 male (1.3 mm), Pearl and Hermes Atoll, Stn. PHR-R- 11, coll. S. Godwin, 22 Sep 2002. BPBM S 13218, 1 female ov. (1.5 mm), 1 male (1.3 mm), Pearl and Hermes Atoll, Stn. PHR-R- 15, coll. S. Godwin, 29 Sep 2002. BPBM S 13210, 1 male (1.4 mm), Kure Atoll, Stn. KUR-R- 09, coll. S. Godwin, 26 Sep 2002.	en	Schnabel, Kareen E., Ahyong, Shane T. (2019): The squat lobster genus Phylladiorhynchus Baba, 1969 in New Zealand and eastern Australia, with description of six new species. Zootaxa 4688 (3): 301-347, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4688.3.1
03E487857356FFD9FF25B73EFB71FEDC.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Rostrum lateral margin convex; subapical spines present. Carapace with 2 epigastric spines; anterior branchial margin with 2 spines; hepatic spine absent. Thoracic sternite 3 anterior margin biconcave, with obtuse median projection. Antennular article 1 with 5 well-developed spines: distomesial spine large, reaching or overreaching upper distolateral spine, distinctly overreached by first lateral spines; second lateral spine smallest but always distinct. Antennal article 1 distomesial spine overreaching peduncle but not reaching second lateral antennular spine; article 2 distal spines subequal, lateral spine reaching midlength of article 3; article 3 with small mesial spine distally. Maxilliped 3 merus with 1 prominent spine on flexor margin. P 2 – 4 dactylus extensor margin without upright spines at bases of movable spines. De s cription. Carapace: Length slightly exceeding 0.9 × width; transverse ridges with dense short setae, and few scattered, long, iridescent setae. Gastric region with 4 transverse ridges; epigastric ridge medially interrupted, with 1 pair of submedian spines; protogastric ridge uninterrupted, extending laterally to carapace margin; mesogastric ridge uninterrupted and nearly reaching first lateral branchial spine; metagastric spine medially minutely broken, otherwise uninterrupted, nearly reaching second lateral branchial spine. Mid-transverse ridge uninterrupted, preceding cervical groove indistinct, followed by 2 or 3 uninterrupted ridges, 1 or 2 short ridges laterally, not extending onto cardiac region. Lateral margins slightly convex, with 4 or 5 distinct spines (anterolateral, 2 anterior branchial, 2 or 3 posterior branchial). Anterolateral spine well-developed, almost reaching anteriorly to level of sharp lateral orbital spine; remainder of anterolateral margin unarmed. Anterior branchial spines subequal. Posterior branchial spines progressively diminishing, anterior 2 always distinct, third spine (if present) weakly indicated. Rostrum 1.2 – 1.4 × as long as broad, length 0.3 × pcl, width nearly 0.3 × carapace width; lateral margins slightly to distinctly convex, sub-apical spines distinct; dorsal surface concave, with scattered setae. Pterygostomian flap anterior margin ending in blunt tooth, without sharp spine; surface with series of uninterrupted striae, unarmed. Thoracic sternum: Sternal plastron width 1.3 × length, lateral margins divergent posteriorly, maximum width at sternite 7. Sternite 3 width slightly exceeding twice length; anterior margin biconcave with blunt, obtuse median projection; lateral margins rounded. Abdomen: Tergite 2 with anterior and posterior transverse ridges; tergites 3 and 4 with anterior ridge only; tergites 5 and 6 smooth, without elevated ridges. Eye: Eye length 1.3 × width, peduncle distally setose, surface with few short transverse striae; cornea not dilated, maximum diameter subequal to basal rostrum width. Antennule: Article 1 with 5 well-developed distal spines; distomesial spine large, reaching or overreaching distolateral spine; paired distolateral spines present; proximal lateral spine smallest, always distinct. Antenna: Article 1 with broad distomesial spine, overreaching peduncle but not reaching lateralmost antennular spine. Article 2 distal spines subequal, lateral spine reaching midlength of article 3. Article 3 with small mesial spine distally. Article 4 unarmed. Maxilliped 3 (Mxp 3): Ischium with prominent distal spines on both extensor and flexor margins; crista dentata with regular row of spines along entire margin. Merus 0.8 × length of ischium at midline, with prominent distal spines on extensor margin and midlength of flexor margin, subequal in size, otherwise unarmed. Cheliped: Short, total length 2.5 – 3.0 × pcl in both sexes; subcylindrical, spiny and setose. Ischiomerus 1.0 – 1.2 × pcl, about twice length of carpus; covered with setiferous striae and spines, mesial spines prominent. Carpus with rows of spines, 1 or 2 mesial spines most prominent. Palm 1.0 – 1.3 × carpus length, height-width ratio 1.6 – 1.8, with 4 parallel rows of spines (1 lateral, 1 at about dorsal midline, 1 close to mesial margin and 1 mesial); base of dactylus finger with small spine. Pollex with 1 small proximal spine along external margin; occlusal margin dentate, with prominent, sharp triangular process at midlength. Dactylus subequal in length or slightly shorter than palm; external proximal margin with distinct spine and serrations, distal margin smooth; occlusal margin with distinct or indistinct triangular median processes, distally with row of spines along curved margin; tip excavated; surface with short setiferous striae. Walking legs (P 2 – 4): Relatively stout, subcylindrical, moderately setose and spinose. Merus successively short- er posteriorly (P 3 merus 0.9 × length of P 2 merus, P 4 merus 0.8 × length of P 3 merus). P 2 merus 0.7 × pcl, length about 4 × width, 1.2 × longer than propodus. P 3 merus length 3.6 × width, about as long as P 3 propodus; P 4 merus length 3.8 × width, 0.9 × propodus length. Extensor margin of P 2 – 3 with regular row of spines, proximally somewhat diminishing, distal spine prominent; P 4 without distinct spines, distal spine minute; flexor margin with prominent terminal spines; surface with short striae. Carpus of P 2 with 3 spines on extensor margin, distal strongest; P 3 – 4 without distinct spines along extensor margin, terminal spine small; surfaces smooth, at most minutely granulate at setal insertions. P 2 – 4 propodus stout, length about 5 × height; extensor margin typically with 2 proximal spines on P 2 – 3, unarmed on P 4; flexor margin with 1 – 5 slender movable spines in addition to distal pair. Dactylus 0.6 × propodus length, ending in incurved, strong, sharp spine; flexor margin with 5 or 6 movable spines, otherwise unarmed. Size. Males 1.3 – 2.2 mm pcl, females 1.5 – 2.0 mm pcl, ovigerous females ≥ 1.5 mm. Colour in life. Unknown. Genetic data. COI sequence data was kindly provided by Paula C. Rodríguez-Flores (Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (MNCN-CSIC) and Centre d’Estudis Avançats de Blanes (CEAB-CSIC), Spain) for P. integrirostris s. s. from Hawaii. The sequences are> 10 % divergent from all other species sequenced in the New Zealand region (Table 1). Di s tribution. Known with certainty only from the Hawaiian Islands; 5 – 40 m depth.	en	Schnabel, Kareen E., Ahyong, Shane T. (2019): The squat lobster genus Phylladiorhynchus Baba, 1969 in New Zealand and eastern Australia, with description of six new species. Zootaxa 4688 (3): 301-347, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4688.3.1
03E487857356FFD9FF25B73EFB71FEDC.taxon	discussion	Remark s. Phylladiorhynchus integrirostris (Dana, 1852), originally described from the Sandwich Islands (= Hawaiian Islands), has been widely reported from across almost the entire Indo-West Pacific, from South Africa to the Hawaiian Islands, identified based on the presence of only two epigastric spines. However, examination of specimens with two epigastric spines from throughout the putative range of P. integrirostris revealed more than 10 distinct species, with P. integrirostris s. s. currently known with certainty only from the Hawaiian archipelago (Rodríguez-Flores et al. unpublished). All other previous records of P. integrirostris require verification. The original type material of P. integrirostris, however, is now lost (Baba et al. 2008) and given the uncertainty in the taxonomy of the species, we herein designate a specimen from the Hawaiian Islands (ov. female, 1.5 mm, BPBM S 13201) as the neotype of Galathea integrirostris to fix the identity of the species. Present results indicate that P. integrirostris does not occur in New Zealand or Australian waters. Previous records of P. integrirostris from the Kermadec Islands (Ahyong 2015) and from off Lord Howe Island (Ahyong 2007) are referable to P. pusillus and P. triginta n. sp., respectively. Phylladiorhynchus integrirostris most closely resembles the two New Zealand species, P. spinosus n. sp. and P. triginta n. sp., but is distinguished from all species of the genus by the following combination of characters: the particularly small size (pcl ≤ 2.2 mm), a single pair of epigastric spines (shared only with P. spinosus n. sp. and P. triginta n. sp.), the absence of hepatic spines on the lateral carapace margin (present in both P. spinosus n. sp. and P. triginta n. sp.), presence of only two anterior branchial spines on the lateral carapace margin (three present in both P. spinosus n. sp. and P. triginta n. sp.), the mesogastric ridge is continuous between the first anterior branchial spines (laterally broken in both P. spinosus n. sp. and P. triginta n. sp.), the metagastric ridge is minutely interrupted medially (continuous in P. spinosus n. sp. and broken into four striae in P. triginta n. sp.), the dorsal surface of abdominal tergite 3 and 4 is smooth, without a posterior transverse ridge (shared with P. triginta n. sp. but with a posterior transverse ridge on both tergites 3 and 4 in P. spinosus n. sp.), and the P 2 – 4 dactylar flexor margin does not bear a row of fixed spines (P. spinosus n. sp. has a fixed perpendicular spine at the base of each movable spine, absent in P. triginta n. sp.).	en	Schnabel, Kareen E., Ahyong, Shane T. (2019): The squat lobster genus Phylladiorhynchus Baba, 1969 in New Zealand and eastern Australia, with description of six new species. Zootaxa 4688 (3): 301-347, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4688.3.1
03E487857349FFDBFF25B766FED5FAB8.taxon	description	(Fig. 5, 7)	en	Schnabel, Kareen E., Ahyong, Shane T. (2019): The squat lobster genus Phylladiorhynchus Baba, 1969 in New Zealand and eastern Australia, with description of six new species. Zootaxa 4688 (3): 301-347, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4688.3.1
03E487857349FFDBFF25B766FED5FAB8.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. HOLOTYPE: NIWA 135616, male (2.9 mm), Macauley Island, Kermadec Ridge, 30.223 – 30.219 ° S, 178.354 – 178.353 ° W, 195 – 287 m, 30 Oct 2016, NIWA Kermadec-Rangitahua Stn. TAN 1612 / 90. PARATYPES: AWMM MA 73590, 1 male (2.6 mm), station details as for holotype. NIWA 118955, 1 female (2.4 mm), station details as for holotype.	en	Schnabel, Kareen E., Ahyong, Shane T. (2019): The squat lobster genus Phylladiorhynchus Baba, 1969 in New Zealand and eastern Australia, with description of six new species. Zootaxa 4688 (3): 301-347, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4688.3.1
03E487857349FFDBFF25B766FED5FAB8.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Rostrum without subapical spines; lateral margins slightly concave. Carapace with transverse row of 5 epigastric spines (1 median and 2 on either side of midline); anterior branchial margin with 2 spines. Thoracic sternite 3 anterior margin sinuous, with shallow median concavity. Antennular article 1 with 5 well-developed spines: distomesial spine small, similar to lower distolateral spine, shorter than upper distolateral spine, well overreached by first lateral spine; second (proximal) lateral spine smallest but distinct. Antennal article 1 mesial process distally falling well short of second lateral antennular spine; article 2 distomesial spine longer than distolateral; article 3 with [small] to distinct distomesial spine. Maxilliped 3 merus with 2 prominent spines on flexor margin. P 2 – 4 dactylus extensor margin without upright spines at bases of movable spines. De s cription. Carapace: As long as wide; transverse ridges with dense short setae, and few scattered longer setae. Gastric region with epigastric ridge indistinct, with 5 spines: 1 median and 2 pairs of spines lateral, followed by 3, usually interrupted transverse ridges: anterior protogastric ridge [continuous] or with small medial gap, falling short laterally of carapace margin; anterior mesogastric ridge with small medial gap, interrupted laterally by cervical groove, laterally following cervical groove, then continuing uninterrupted to first anterior branchial spine; 1 medially interrupted metagastric ridge, laterally interrupted by cervical groove. Mid-transverse ridge uninterrupted, extending laterally to posterior branchial spine, followed by 2 uninterrupted ridges, intervened by 1 short lateral ridge, otherwise smooth. Lateral margins weakly convex, with 5 spines: 2 spines (anterolateral, hepatic) in front of, and 3 spines (2 anterior branchial, 1 posterior branchial) behind distinct anterior cervical groove. Anterolateral spine well-developed, nearly reaching lateral orbital spine, size about equal. Hepatic spine small, set slightly mesially from lateral margin. Anterior branchial spines largest, size diminishing posteriorly. Rostrum length nearly 0.5 × pcl, length-width ratio 1.4, distance between basal pair of rostral spines about 0.3 × carapace width; dorsal surface very slightly concave; lateral margins slightly concave, sub-apical spines absent. Pterygostomian flap anteriorly rounded, without spine; surface with series of short striae, unarmed. Thoracic sternum: Sternal plastron as wide as long, lateral margins slightly divergent posteriorly. Sternite 3 width about 3 × length; anteriorly biconvex with shallow median notch; laterally rounded. Abdomen: Tergite 2 with anterior and posterior transverse ridge; tergites 3 and 4 with anterior ridge only; tergites 5 and 6 smooth, without elevated ridges. Eye: Eye length about 1.2 × width, peduncle distally setose, slightly expanded proximally, with few short transverse striae on lateral surface; cornea not dilated. Antennule: Article 1 with 5 well-developed distal spines, distomesial spine small, shorter than distolateral spines; paired distolateral spines present; proximal lateral spine distinct. Short striae covering mesial parts of surface. Antenna: Article 1 with prominent mesial process, distally falling well short of second (proximal) lateral antennular spine. Article 2 with distinct distal spines laterally and mesially, mesial spine larger. Article 3 with [small] to distinct distomesial spine. Article 4 unarmed. Maxilliped 3 (Mxp 3): Ischium with small distal spine on extensor margin and larger distal spine on flexor margin; crista dentata with regular row of spines along entire margin. Merus 0.7 × length of ischium at midline, with small distal spines on extensor margin and 2 much larger spines at flexor margin, otherwise unarmed. Cheliped: Total length 3.5 – 4.4 [4.2 and 4.4] × pcl (probably female); subcylindrical, spiny, with scattered long setae. Ischiomerus 1.4 – 1.8 [1.6 and 1.8] × pcl, just over twice length of carpus; with rows of spines, mesial spines strongest. Carpus with rows of spines around entire article, 1 or 2 mesial spines most prominent. Palm 1.0 – [1.3] × carpus length, length-width ratio [1.5] – 2.3, with 4 parallel rows of spines (2 mesial, 1 at about dorsal midline, 1 close to lateral margin); fingers gaping; outer base of dactylus with sharp spine. Pollex outer proximal margin with spine; occlusal margin with 1 proximal process and distinct triangular process distally when a gape is present (process absent when not gaping). Dactylus subequal in length to palm; outer proximal margin with spine; occlusal margin with 2 processes, distally with row of spines along curved margin; tip excavated; surface with short setiferous striae. Walking legs (P 2 – 4): Slender, subcylindrical, moderately setose and spinose. P 2 – 4 meri subequal in length; length 5 – 7 × width; P 4 merus slightly shorter (0.8 – [0.9] × P 2 merus length). P 2 merus [0.8] – 1.0 × pcl, length [5.9] × width, [1.2] × longer than propodus. P 3 merus 1.2 × P 3 propodus length. P 4 merus 0.9 – [1.0] × P 4 propodus length. Extensor margin of P 2 and P 3 with regular row of spines, proximally diminishing, with prominent distal spine; P 4 extensor margin unarmed other than distal spine; ventral margins of all legs irregular and with strong distal spine; P 4 lateral surface with median row of small spines, absent on P 2 and P 3. Carpus with 3 or 4 spines on extensor margin on P 2 – 3 (very small in smaller specimens), irregular but unarmed on P 4; distal spine prominent on all legs; 1 – 4 minute spines along row below extensor margin on lateral surface on all legs; flexor margin unarmed. P 2 – 4 propodus length about 7 – 8 × height; extensor margin typically with 2 proximal spines on P 2 – 3, unarmed on P 4; flexor margin with 3 or 4 slender movable spines in addition to distal pair. Dactylus 0.5 – 0.6 × propodus length, ending in incurved, strong, sharp spine; flexor margin with 10 or 11 movable spines, otherwise unarmed. Size. Male pcl 2.6 – 2.9 mm, female pcl 2.4 mm. Colour in life. Unknown. Genetic data. DNA extracted from two detached walking legs derived from the paratypes (NIWA 123247 and AWMM MA 73590). COI sequence divergence between P. kermadecensis n. sp. and P. erebus n. sp. (MA 125788) is 17 %, supporting interspecific levels of divergence (Table 1).	en	Schnabel, Kareen E., Ahyong, Shane T. (2019): The squat lobster genus Phylladiorhynchus Baba, 1969 in New Zealand and eastern Australia, with description of six new species. Zootaxa 4688 (3): 301-347, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4688.3.1
03E487857349FFDBFF25B766FED5FAB8.taxon	etymology	Etymology. Named after its only known area of occurrence, the Kermadec Islands.	en	Schnabel, Kareen E., Ahyong, Shane T. (2019): The squat lobster genus Phylladiorhynchus Baba, 1969 in New Zealand and eastern Australia, with description of six new species. Zootaxa 4688 (3): 301-347, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4688.3.1
03E487857349FFDBFF25B766FED5FAB8.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Known from the Kermadec Ridge, off Macauley Island, 195 – 287 m.	en	Schnabel, Kareen E., Ahyong, Shane T. (2019): The squat lobster genus Phylladiorhynchus Baba, 1969 in New Zealand and eastern Australia, with description of six new species. Zootaxa 4688 (3): 301-347, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4688.3.1
03E487857349FFDBFF25B766FED5FAB8.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Phylladiorhynchus kermadecensis n. sp. belongs to the ‘ ikedai / bengalensis group’ of species with five epigastric spines on the carapace and two spines on the flexor margin of the Mxp 3 merus. Significant genetic divergence from congeners, however, supports P. kermadecensis as a distinct species. Diagnostic characters are subtle but the presence of two anterior branchial carapace spines (rather than three as in both P. ikedai and P. erebus n. sp.) and a single spine along the posterior branchial margin (instead of two or three spines in P. ikedai and P. erebus n. sp.) are constant in the material examined. Additionally, the lateral margin of the rostrum is concave in all specimens of P. kermadecensis n. sp. examined, rather than straight as in P. ikedai and P. erebus n. sp. The presence of a distinct distal process on the occlusal margin of the cheliped pollex in the male holotype is absent in the single loose cheliped that remains, which is presumably from the small paratype female, indicating sexual dimorphism. This process, however, is absent from the chelipeds of P. ikedai of similar size indicating that this feature might be diagnostic.	en	Schnabel, Kareen E., Ahyong, Shane T. (2019): The squat lobster genus Phylladiorhynchus Baba, 1969 in New Zealand and eastern Australia, with description of six new species. Zootaxa 4688 (3): 301-347, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4688.3.1
03E48785734BFFD4FF25B3DAFBA4FC9C.taxon	description	(Figs. 3, 8, 9, 15 B)	en	Schnabel, Kareen E., Ahyong, Shane T. (2019): The squat lobster genus Phylladiorhynchus Baba, 1969 in New Zealand and eastern Australia, with description of six new species. Zootaxa 4688 (3): 301-347, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4688.3.1
03E48785734BFFD4FF25B3DAFBA4FC9C.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. HOLOTYPE: NIWA 33657, male (6.9 mm), Stn. TAN 0705 / 10, 44.129 – 44.120 ° S, 174.845 – 174.842 ° E, 513 – 517 m, 03 Apr 2007. PARATYPES: NIWA 33682, 2 males (5.9, 7.7 mm), 1 female (7.4 mm), Stn. TAN 0705 / 166, 42.999 – 42.992 ° S, 177.600 – 177.594 ° W, 520 – 525 m, 17 Apr 2007. NIWA 42691, 1 male (6.8 mm), 1 female (4.9 mm), Stn. TAN 0705 / 181, 44.068 – 44.064 ° S, 178.549 – 178.540 ° W, 451 – 452 m, 18 Apr 2007. NIWA 42692, 3 males (5.0, 6.6, 7.0 mm), 1 female (7.4 mm), Stn. TAN 0705 / 185, 43.629 – 43.632 ° S, 178.611 – 178.611 ° W, 420 – 426 m, 18 Apr 2007. NIWA 33658, 1 male (5.9 mm), Stn. TAN 0705 / 24, 44.121 – 44.124 ° S, 174.843 – 174.845 ° E, 512 – 513 m, 04 Apr 2007. Other material. Norfolk Ridge: NIWA 28065, 1 female (5.1 mm), NORFANZ Stn. TAN 0308 / 126, South Norfolk Ridge, 33.390 – 33.396 ° S, 170.193 – 170.203 ° E, 490 – 526 m, 31 May 2003. Northland Plateau: NIWA 10919, 1 female (4.9 mm), NZOI Stn. F 925, 34.087 ° S, 172.800 ° E, 503 m, 14 Oct 1968. NIWA 3599, 1 male (5.5 mm), 1 female (4.7 mm), Stn. KAH 0204 / 40, West Cavalli Seamount, 34.164 ° S, 173.964 ° E, 820 – 805 m, 18 Apr 2002. NIWA 10146, 1 male (4.7 mm), NZOI Stn. I 368, 34.213 ° S, 173.022 ° E, 452 – 460 m, 23 Nov 1977. NIWA 21231, 1 male (4.5 mm), 2 females ov. (3.5, 3.8 mm), NZOI Stn. I 348, 34.537 ° S, 173.633 ° E, 349 m, 17 Nov 1977. NIWA 21291, 1 male (3.7 mm), 1 female (4.0 mm), NZOI Stn. E 875, 34.650 ° S, 172.117 ° E, 489 m, 21 Mar 1968. NIWA 10921, 1 female (7.1 mm), NZOI Stn. I 351, 34.677 ° S, 173.842 ° E, no depth information, 19 Nov 1977. NIWA 10116, 2 males (4.6, 5.0 mm), 3 females (4.1, 4.6, 6.0 mm), NZOI Stn. I 366, 34.705 S °, 174.293 ° E, 705 m, 20 Nov 1977. NIWA 10132, 1 female (7.7 mm), NZOI Stn. I 353, 34.757 ° S, 174.068 ° E, 530 m, 19 Nov 1977. NIWA 10148, 1 male (5.7 mm), 1 female (4.5 mm), NZOI Stn. I 364, 34.767 ° S, 174.097 ° E, 492 m, 20 Nov 1977. NIWA 21244, 2 males (3.3, 5.2 mm), 1 female ov. (5.7 mm), NZOI Stn. I 365, 34.797 ° S, 174.107 ° E, 436 m, 20 Nov 1977. NIWA 21167, 1 male (3.6 mm), NZOI Stn. I 34, 35 ° S, 175.217 ° E, 575 m, 07 May 1975. NIWA 21264, 1 female (5.6 mm), NZOI Stn. I 36, 35.003 ° S, 174.820 ° E, 625 m, 07 May 1975. NIWA 21194, 1 male (6.6 mm), 3 females (4.8, 5.7, 5.9 mm), NZOI Stn. I 37, 35.010 ° S, 174.668 ° E, 560 m, 8 May 1975. NIWA 10077, 10 males (3.6 – 5.0 mm), 1 female ov. (4.7 mm), 4 females (3.1 – 5.0 mm), NZOI Stn. P 66, 35.063 ° S, 172.377 ° E, 435 m, 07 Feb 1977. NIWA 21156, 2 males (6.1, 6.5 mm), 3 females (3.5, 4.5, 5.6 mm), NZOI Stn. P 65, 35.083 ° S, 172.443 ° E, 302 m, 07 Feb 1977. NIWA 21169, 3 males (5.2, 5.7, 8.6 mm), 2 females (4.9, 5.5 mm), NZOI Stn. I 25, 35.185 ° S, 175.102 ° E, 675 m, 06 May 1975. NIWA 21288, 1 male (5.1 mm), 3 females (2.5, 5.2, 5.8 mm), NZOI Stn. E 879, 35.317 ° S, 172.417 ° E, 768 m, 22 Mar 1968. NIWA 21262, 1 female (4.5 mm), NZOI Stn. I 11, 35.598 ° S, 175.213 ° E, 308 m, 04 May 1975. NIWA 21249, 1 female (4.2 mm), NZOI Stn. I 6, 35.797 ° S, 175.610 ° E, 257 m, 03 May 1975. NIWA 21225, 1 male (5.6 mm), NZOI Stn. I 7, 35.797 ° S, 175.835 ° E, 367 m, 03 May 1975. NIWA 9794, 1 female (8.5 mm), Stn. KAH 9801 / 33, 36.776 ° S, 176.276 ° E, 465 m, 23 Jan 1998. NIWA 21216, 1 female (4.5 mm), NZOI Stn. E 889, 36.80 ° S, 173.667 ° E, 727 m, 23 Mar 1968. NIWA 9795, 1 male (4.7 mm), 1 female ov. (4.9 mm), Stn. Z 9230, 36.885 ° S, 177.367 ° E, 787 m, 15 Aug 1998. Bay of Plenty: NIWA 9796, 1 male (3.0 mm), 1 female ov. (4.5 mm), Stn. Z 9224, 37.134 ° S, 177.285 ° E, 648 m, 13 Aug 1998. NIWA 10203, 1 male (carapace broken), Stn. TAN 0413 / 138, Mahina Seamount, 37.316 – 37.312 ° S, 177.0748 – 177.0745 ° E, 495 – 466 m, 14 Nov 2004. NIWA 82442, 1 female (8.6 mm), Stn. TAN 1206 / 53, 37.504 – 37.501 ° S, 177.619 – 177.614 ° E, 696 – 689 m, 20 Apr 2012. Challenger Plateau and central western New Zealand: NIWA 33723, 1 male (3.6 mm), Stn. TAN 0707 / 84, 38.208 – 38.200 ° S, 168.585 – 168.582 ° E, 512 – 526 m, 03 Jun 2007. NHMUK 1907.7.16.5 – 9, 9 males (3.7 – 6.0 mm), 3 females ov. (5.5, 7.5, 9.0 mm), 8 females (4.0 – 7.3 mm), 38.217 ° S, 168.708 ° E, 380 fathoms (695 m), presented by F. Wood James Esq. NIWA 21279, 1 male (6.2 mm), NZOI Stn. E 906, 38.650 ° S, 172.633 ° E, 691 m, 28 Mar 1968. NIWA 10906, 1 male (4.0 mm), NZOI Stn. J 28, 38.833 ° S, 169.650 ° E, 548 m, 16 Apr 1970. NIWA 21242, 1 female ov. (4.0 mm), NZOI Stn. D 226, 39.900 ° S, 168.667 ° E, 823 m, 27 Sep 1964. NIWA 21188, 2 females ov. (4.0, 5.7 mm), NZOI Stn. V 426 B, 41.667 ° S, 170.663 ° E, 327 m, 10 Sep 1992. Hikurangi Margin: NIWA 21179, 1 female (6.8 mm), NZOI Stn. E 719, 38.767 ° S, 178.800 ° E, 913 m, 23 Mar 1967. NIWA 29287, 1 male (6.5 mm), Stn. TAN 0616 / 18, 39.541 – 39.547 ° S, 178.332 – 178.333 ° E, 775 – 810 m, 05 Nov 2006. NIWA 29289, 1 male (5.0 mm), 2 females ov. (4.0, 5.6 mm), Stn. TAN 0616 / 21, 39.543 – 39.544 ° S, 178.336 – 178.328 ° E, 815 – 812 m, 05 Nov 2006. NIWA 29291, 1 female ov. (6.0 mm), 1 female (5.6 mm), Stn. TAN 0616 / 38, 39.543 – 39.544 ° S, 178.337 – 178.327 ° E, 815 – 819 m, 06 Nov 2006. NIWA 29292, 1 male (4.9 mm), Stn. TAN 0616 / 38, 39.543 – 39.544 ° S, 178.337 – 178.327 ° E, 815 – 819 m, 06 Nov 2006. NIWA 29293, 1 female ov. (3.5 mm), Stn. TAN 0616 / 38, 39.543 – 39.544 ° S, 178.337 – 178.327 ° E, 815 – 819 m, 06 Nov 2006. NIWA 29290, 1 male (5.6 mm), 1 female ov. (6.5 mm), 1 female (4.5 mm), Stn. TAN 0616 / 30, 39.545 – 39.550 ° S, 178.331 – 178.332 ° E, 790 – 815 m, 06 Nov 2006. NIWA 29286, 1 male (5.5 mm), Stn. TAN 0616 / 12, 40.040 – 40.044 ° S, 178.145 – 178.148 ° E, 749 – 787 m, 04 Nov 2006. NIWA 21274, 1 male (3.1 mm), NZOI Stn. F 719, 40.233 ° S, 177.217 ° E, 604 m, 06 Dec 1965. NIWA 63021, 1 male (broken carapace), Stn. TAN 1004 / 2, slope site, 41.671 – 41.665 ° S, 175.625 – 175.645 ° E, 640 – 635 m, 15 Apr 2010. NIWA 21220, 4 males (3.9 – 5.2 mm), 1 female ov. (4.3 mm), 2 females (4.6, 5.9 mm), NZOI Stn. E 752, 41.678 ° S, 175.257 ° E, 618 m, 30 Mar 1967. NIWA 64164, 1 female (6.4 mm), Stn. TAN 1004 / 120, slope site, 41.985 – 41.982 ° S, 174.699 – 174.692 ° E, 730 – 685 m, 26 Apr 2010. NIWA 63603, 2 females (5.5, 7.7 mm), Stn. TAN 1004 / 57, canyon site, 41.410 – 41.414 ° S, 175.898 – 175.897 ° E, 614 – 670 m, 20 Apr 2010. NIWA 63876, 2 males (5.9, 6.6 mm), Stn. TAN 1004 / 91, canyon site, 41.895 – 41.888 ° S, 174.633 – 174.634 ° E, 740 – 620 m, 24 Apr 2010. NIWA 69777, 1 male (4.8 mm), Stn. TAN 1004 / 66, seamount site, 41.319 – 41.321 ° S, 176.197 – 176.192 ° E, 495 m, 21 Apr 2010. NIWA 63980, 1 female (broken carapace), Stn. TAN 1004 / 110, seamount site, 42.127 – 42.12 ° S, 174.579 – 74.585 ° E, 1280 – 1246 m, 25 Apr 2010. Cook Strait: NIWA 21192, 1 female (6.6 mm), NZOI Stn. E 755, 42.008 ° S, 174.423 ° E, 247 m, 30 Mar 1967. NIWA 21183, 1 male (4.0 mm), NZOI Stn. E 757, 42.053 ° S, 174.453 ° E, 1081 m, 30 Mar 1967. Southwestern New Zealand (off Hokitika): NIWA 21199, 1 male (4.8 mm), NZOI Stn. S 894, 42.517 ° S, 170.335 ° E, 530 m, 19 Jul 1991. NIWA 10913, 1 female ov. (4.1 mm), 1 female (3.9 mm), NZOI Stn. V 423, 42.559 ° S, 170.430 ° E, 522 m, 09 Sep 1992. NIWA 21227, 1 male (6.2 mm), 1 female (5.2 mm), NZOI Stn. V 423, 42.559 ° S, 170.430 ° E, 522 m, 09 Sep 1992. NIWA 10891, 1 female ov. (8.6 mm), 2 females (5.0, 5.1 mm), NZOI Stn. V 424, 42.567 ° S, 170.332 ° E, 600 m, 09 Sep 1992. NIWA 10889, 1 female (4.2 mm), NZOI Stn. V 417, 42.571 ° S, 170.422 ° E, 670 m, 06 Sep 1992. North Canterbury region and Chatham Rise: NIWA 10128, 1 female (5.6 mm), NZOI Stn. C 686, Kaikoura Canyon, 42.542 ° S, 173.752 ° E, 820 m, 17 Jun 1961. NIWA 21243, 1 female ov. (4.5 mm), NZOI Stn. V 370, 42.712 ° S, 178.996 ° W, 1022 m, 12 Sep 1989. NIWA 21217, 1 male (4.9 mm), 1 female (4.5 mm), NZOI Stn. S 212, Kaikoura Canyon, 42.740 ° S, 173.615 ° E, 320 m, 04 Nov 1979. NIWA 43331, 1 male (6.2 mm), Stn. TAN 0104 / 399, Z 10743, Morgue Seamount, 42.720 – 42.722 ° S, 179.960 – 179.961 ° W, 1012 – 890 m, 21 Apr 2001. NIWA 43330, 1 male (3.5 mm), Stn. TAN 0104 / 43, Z 10693, Graveyard Seamount, 42.763 – 42.764 ° S, 179.988 – 179.986 ° W, 1064 – 750 m, 16 Apr 2001. NIWA 43336, 2 females (3.2, 5.7 mm), Stn. TAN 0104 / 43, Z 10693, Graveyard Seamount, 42.763 – 42.764 ° S, 179.988 – 179.986 ° W, 1064 – 750 m, 16 Apr 2001. NIWA 43335, 3 males (3.2, 3.5, 5.0 mm), 2 females (3.0, 4.5 mm), Stn. TAN 0104 / 289, Graveyard Seamount, 42.765 – 42.768 ° S, 179.986 – 179.983 ° W, 800 – 757 m, 19 Apr 2001. NIWA 29543, 29 May 2006, 1 male (5.3 mm), Stn. TAN 0604 / 16, Graveyard Hill, 42.765 – 42.771 ° S, 179.988 – 179.985 ° W, 993 – 1090 m. NIWA 43333, 1 male (5.5 mm), Stn. TAN 0104 / 2, Z 10690, Graveyard Seamount, 42.766 – 42.769 ° S, 179.99 ° W, 875 – 757 m, 15 Apr 2001. NIWA 43334, 1 male (6.7 mm), 2 females (6.5, 7.0 mm), Stn. TAN 0104 / 48, TAN 0104 / 48, Diabolical Seamount, 42.786 ° S, 179.985 ° W, 993 – 900 m, 16 Apr 2001. NIWA 21272, 2 males (3.4, 4.0 mm), 1 female ov. (6.3 mm), NZOI Stn. V 369, 42.831 ° S, 178.992 ° E, 1048 m, 11 Sep 1989. NIWA 53402, 1 male (4.5 mm), Stn. TAN 0905 / 66, Casket Seamount, 42.834 – 42.836 ° S, 179.987 – 179.986 ° W, 795 – 850 m, 22 Jun 2009. NIWA 24566, 1 male (6.0 mm), Stn. TAN 1208 / 35, 42.911 – 42.916 ° S, 179.962 – 179.961 ° W, 758 – 751 m, 19 Jun 2012. NIWA 19422, 2 males (5.0, 5.5 mm), 3 females ov. (5.5, 6.3, 6.3 mm), 1 female (6.7 mm), NZOI Stn. S 201, Canterbury shelf, 42.943 ° S, 173.650 ° E, 340 m, 01 Nov 1979. NIWA 33681, 1 female (2.2 mm), Stn. TAN 0705 / 166, 42.999 – 42.992 ° S, 177.60 – 177.594 ° W, 520 – 525 m, 17 Apr 2007. NIWA 21267, 2 males (5.0, 6.5 mm), 1 female (5.2 mm), NZOI Stn. V 371, 43.002 ° S, 179.000 ° W, 546 m, 12 Sep 1989. NIWA 78081, 1 female ov. (6.5 mm), Stn. TAN 1116 / 1, 43.004 – 43.005 ° S, 175.048 – 175.045 ° E, 440 – 441 m, 03 Nov 2011. NIWA 21233, 1 female ov. (5.7 mm), NZOI Stn. A 910, 43.0667 ° S, 178.65 ° W, 549 m, 13 Sep 1963. NIWA 21281, 1 female ov. (3.0 mm), NZOI Stn. A 910, 43.067 ° S, 178.65 ° W, 549 m, 13 Sep 1963. NIWA 24567, 2 males (5.0, 5.7 mm), 2 females (4.2, 6.0 mm), Stn. TAN 1208 / 37, 43.154 – 43.152 ° S, 179.700 – 179.694 ° W, 524 – 523 m, 19 Jun 2012. NIWA 24569, 3 males (5.3, 6.1, 6.7 mm), Stn. TAN 1208 / 38, 43.165 – 43.166 ° S, 179.468 – 179.461 ° W, 522 – 523 m, 19 Jun 2012. NIWA 24568, 1 female (6.8 mm), Stn. TAN 1208 / 36, 43.202 – 43.208 ° S, 179.841 – 179.840 ° W, 518 – 516 m, 19 Jun 2012. NIWA 21222, 1 female ov. (3.4 mm), NZOI Stn. V 367, 43.248 ° S, 179.000 ° W, 467 m, 08 Sep 1989. NIWA 11053, 1 male (7.3 mm), NZOI Stn. A 759 B, 43.267 ° S, 176.183 ° E, 348 m, 21 Nov 1962. NIWA 19423, 1 male (6.8 mm), 3 female ov. (4.5, 4.8, 8.0 mm), NZOI Stn. S 186, Pegasus Canyon, 43.275 ° S, 173.593 ° E, 450 m, 31 Oct 1979. NIWA 127208, 1 male (7.3 mm), RV Sonne Stn. SO 254 / 77 ROV 14, Pegasus Canyon slope, off Christchurch shelf, 43.29 ° S, 173.607 ° E, 851 m, 20 Feb 2017. NIWA 21246, 2 females ov. (4.5, 5.6 mm), NZOI Stn. V 389, 43.334 ° S, 176.997 ° E, 237 m, 16 Sep 1989. NIWA 21266, 1 male (6.6 mm), 1 female ov. (4.4 mm), 3 females (3.5, 5.2, 7.2 mm), NZOI Stn. V 372, 43.335 ° S, 178.981 ° E, 418 m, 13 Sep 1989. NIWA 10653, 4 males (5.8 – 8.0 mm), NZOI Stn. W 257, 43.375 ° S, 179 ° E, 400 – 390 m, 18 Sep 1993. NIWA 21283, 1 male (4.1 mm), NZOI Stn. A 908, 43.455 ° S, 179.050 ° W, 459 m, 13 Sep 1963. NIWA 21157, 22 specimens (not measured), NZOI Stn. V 366, 43.498 ° S, 178.995 ° W, 499 m, 08 Sep 1989. NIWA 21185, 1 female ov. (8.0 mm), 1 female (6.9 mm), NZOI Stn. E 434, 43.5 ° S, 174.5 ° E, 556 m, 18 Oct 1965. NIWA 21172, 3 females ov. (3.7, 4.0, 6.1 mm), 3 females (4.4, 4.7, 7.0 mm), NZOI Stn. V 361, 43.506 ° S, 178.648 ° E, 340 m, 06 Sep 1989. NIWA 19424, 1 female ov. (8.0 mm), 1 female (5.8 mm), NZOI Stn. S 121, 43.510 ° S, 175.968 ° E, 335 m, 20 Oct 1979. NIWA 19421, 1 female ov. (8.1 mm), 1 female (8.0 mm), NZOI Stn. S 124, 43.512 ° S, 175.998 ° E, 363 m, 20 Oct 1979. NIWA 117997, 5 males (3.5 – 4.9 mm), 6 females (3.0 – 4.2 mm), Stn. TAN 0705 / 179, 43.520 – 43.522 ° S, 178.619 – 178.622 ° W, 423 – 425 m, 18 Apr 2007. NIWA 26458, 1 male (5.4 mm), Stn. TAN 0604 / 110, Main Knoll, central Chatham Rise, 43.531 – 43.528 ° S, 179.629 – 179.633 ° E, 378 – 390 m, 07 Jun 2006. NIWA 26451, 1 male (6.0 mm), 2 females (5.6, 6.0 mm), Stn. TAN 0604 / 110, Main Knoll, central Chatham Rise, 43.531 – 43.528 ° S, 179.629 – 179.633 ° E, 378 – 390 m, 07 Jun 2006. NIWA 26450, 3 males (5.0, 6.8, 7.0 mm), Stn. TAN 0604 / 108, Main Knoll, central Chatham Rise, 43.533 – 43.535 ° S, 179.628 – 179.626 ° E, 375 – 381 m, 06 Jun 2006. NIWA 21273, 1 male (3.0 mm), NZOI Stn. G 247, 43.533 ° S, 179.567 ° E, 399 m, 22 Jan 1968. NIWA 21221, 1 female (4.2 mm), NZOI Stn. G 365, 43.55 ° S, 178.533 ° W, 228 m, 03 Feb 1968. NIWA 21219, 1 female (6.0 mm), NZOI Stn. G 259 A, 43.55 ° S, 179.367 ° E, 410 m, 23 Jan 1968. NIWA 21190, 1 male (4.3 mm), NZOI Stn. S 126, 43.557 ° S, 175.977 ° E, 322 m, 20 Oct 1979. NIWA 21189, 1 male (8.2 mm), NZOI Stn. S 130, 43.567 ° S, 175.962 ° E, 335 m, 21 Oct 1979. NIWA 21284, 1 female ov. (7.0 mm), 2 females (4.7, 5.3 mm), NZOI Stn. V 388, 43.581 ° S, 176.999 ° E, 331 m, 16 Sep 1989. NIWA 11042, 1 male (6.2 mm), 1 female ov. (4.9 mm), 1 female (6.0 mm), NZOI Stn. S 127, 43.59 ° S, 175.955 ° E, 322 m, 20 Oct 1979. NIWA 21293, 1 female (6.0 mm), NZOI Stn. A 913, 43.617 ° S, 178.192 ° W, 402 m, 14 Sep 1963. NIWA 10986, 2 males (4.9, 7.7 mm), 2 females ov. (5.0, 6.0 mm), NZOI Stn. W 252, 43.628 ° S, 178.997 ° E, 400 – 428 m, 15 Sep 1993. NIWA 117995, 1 male (5.9 mm), 3 females (5.0 – 7.1 mm), Stn. TAN 0705 / 185, 43.629 – 43.632 ° S, 178.611 – 178.611 ° W, 420 – 426 m, 18 Apr 2007. NIWA 21196, 1 male (6.5 mm), 1 female ov. (6.8 mm), NZOI Stn. V 373, 43.647 ° S, 179.001 ° E, 392 m, 13 Sep 1989. NIWA 21193, 1 female (2.9 mm), NZOI Stn. G 335 A, 43.65 ° S, 178.933 ° W, 402 m, 02 Feb 1968. NIWA 19428, 49 specimens (not measured), NZOI Stn. G 293, 43.667 ° S, 179.467 ° E, 421 m, 25 Jan 1968. NIWA 21292, 2 males (5.4, 8.2 mm), NZOI Stn. G 292, 43.700 ° S, 179.800 ° E, 454 m, 25 Jan 1968. NIWA 21195, 1 female (6.6 mm), NZOI Stn. Q 4 A, 43.703 ° S, 179.912 ° W, 398 m, 12 Mar 1978. NIWA 21200, 1 female ov. (8.5 mm), NZOI Stn. E 433, 43.717 ° S, 174.5 ° E, 571 m, 18 Oct 1965. NIWA 21218, 1 male (6.6 mm), NZOI Stn. Q 10, 43.718 ° S, 179.335 ° W, 395 m, 15 Mar 1978. NIWA 24956, 1 male (5.3 mm), 1 female (5.5 mm), NZOI Stn. TAN 0801 / 66, 43.728 ° S, 176.577 ° E, 430 – 439 m, 11 Jan 2008. NIWA 10881, 1 male (6.5 mm), NZOI Stn. D 119, 43.75 ° S, 178.667 ° E, 492 m, 11 Oct 1963. NIWA 21226, 1 male (6.7 mm), NZOI Stn. G 353 A, 43.783 ° S, 178.633 ° W, 468 m, 03 Feb 1968. NIWA 21191, 1 male (3.8 mm), NZOI Stn. V 387, 43.827 ° S, 176.997 ° E 498 m, 16 Sep 1989. NIWA 21240, 1 female (5.0 mm), NZOI Stn. D 909, 43.833 ° S, 179.717 ° W, 400 m, 31 Mar 1969. NIWA 21277, 1 female (5.2 mm), NZOI Stn. D 90, 43.833 ° S, 179 ° W, 399 m, 17 May 1963. NIWA 35100, 1 male (9.0 mm), Stn. TAN 0705 / 42, 43.840 – 43.843 ° S, 176.707 – 176.705 ° E, 479 – 479 m, 06 Apr 2007. NIWA 33692, 3 males (4.0, 4.5, 6.0 mm), 3 females (4.5 – 8.5 mm), Stn. TAN 0705 / 183, 43.841 – 43.844 ° S, 178.590 – 178.593 ° W, 460 – 462 m, 18 Apr 2007. NIWA 21224, 1 female (7.8 mm), Stn. TAN 9901 / 50, 43.849 ° S, 179.829 ° E, 439 m, 13 Jan 1999. NIWA 21152, 1 male (5.9 mm), 1 female (5.6 mm), NZOI Stn. J 59, 43.850 ° S, 179.417 ° E, 309 m, 20 May 1970. NIWA 21186, 1 female ov. (5.3 mm), 1 female (5.1 mm), NZOI Stn. V 374, 43.861 ° S, 178.985 ° E 470 m, 13 Sep 1989. NIWA 21158, 1 male (4.8 mm), NZOI Stn. S 177, 43.890 ° S, 173.903 ° E, 400 m, 30 Oct 1979. NIWA 21287, 1 male (6.5 mm), NZOI Stn. G 200, 43.900 ° S, 179.733 ° W, 395 m, 19 Jan 1968. NIWA 19425, 1 male (6.5 mm), 1 female (5.5 mm), NZOI Stn. D 904, 43.975 ° S, 178.667 ° W, 459 m, 30 Mar 1969. NIWA 19420, 1 male (4.4 mm), NZOI Stn. S 173, 43.990 ° S, 174.033 ° E, 486 m, 30 Oct 1979. NIWA 21182, 1 male (7.5 mm), NZOI Stn. A 914, 44.067 ° S, 178.192 ° W, 455 m, 15 Sep 1963. NIWA 33687, 3 males (4.5, 4.6, 8.2 mm), 2 females (4.5, 6.8 mm), Stn. TAN 0705 / 181, 44.068 – 44.064 ° S, 178.549 – 178.540 ° W, 451 – 452 m, 18 Apr 2007. NIWA 21223, 1 female (7.6 mm), NZOI Stn. G 0239, 44.100 ° S, 179.000 ° W, 417 m, 01 Feb 1968. NIWA 21198, 1 male (7.3 mm), NZOI Stn. D 905, 44.133 ° S, 178.767 ° W, 607 m, 30 Mar 1969. NIWA 54020, 2 males (7.0, 7.4 mm), 1 female ov. (4.5 mm), Stn. TAN 0905 / 112, Diamondhead Peak A, Andes seamounts, 44.143 – 44.147 ° S, 174.725 – 174.725 ° W, 760 – 821 m, 27 Jun 2009. NIWA 69775, 1 female (5.2 mm), Stn. TAN 0905 / 112, Diamondhead Peak A, Andes seamounts, 44.143 – 44.147 ° S, 174.725 – 174.725 ° W, 760 – 821 m, 27 Jun 2009. NIWA 53605, 15 specimens (not measured), Stn. TAN 0905 / 97, Diamond Head Seamount, 44.147 – 44.148 ° S, 174.69 – 174.695 ° W, 440 – 600 m, 26 Jun 2009. NIWA 53956, 6 males (6.8 – 8.0 mm), 1 female ov. (6.7 mm), 6 females (4.0 – 7.5 mm), Stn. TAN 0905 / 111, Diamondhead Peak C, Andes seamounts, 44.148 – 44.15 ° S, 174.691 – 174.694 ° W, 458 – 648 m, 27 Jun 2009. AWMM MA 125790 (ex NIWA 54082), 3 males (4.3, 5.2, 8.0 mm), 1 female (6.6 mm), Stn. TAN 0905 / 113, Diamondhead Peak B, Andes seamounts, 44.150 – 44.150 ° S, 174.757 – 174.761 ° W, 519 – 609 m, 27 Jun 2009. NIWA 69782, 1 male (8.5 mm), 1 female (7.8 mm), Stn. TAN 0905 / 105, Iceberg Seamount, 44.157 – 44.159 ° S, 174.554 – 174.557 ° W, 485 – 533 m, 26 Jun 2009. NIWA 53773, 1 male (5.3 mm), 1 female ov. (7.6 mm), Stn. TAN 0905 / 103, Iceberg Seamount, 44.158 – 44.158 ° S, 174.555 – 174.559 ° W, 520 – 650 m, 26 Jun 2009. NIWA 54279, 11 males (5.0 – 9.0 mm), 18 females (4.1 – 8.2 mm), Stn. TAN 0905 / 119, Iceberg Seamount, 44.158 – 44.162 ° S, 174.555 – 174.552 ° W, 487 – 616 m, 28 Jun 2009. NIWA 117998, 1 male (4.4 mm), Stn. TAN 0905 / 119, Iceberg Seamount, 44.158 – 44.162 ° S, 174.555 – 174.552 ° W, 487 – 616 m, 28 Jun 2009. NIWA 21252, 1 female (2.9 mm), NZOI Stn. G 328, 44.167 ° S, 179.100 ° W, 439 m, 01 Feb 1968. NIWA 54199, 1 male (3.6 mm), 2 females (4.7, 6.9 mm), Stn. TAN 0905 / 116, Ritchie Hill summit, 44.175 – 44.173 ° S, 174.552 – 174.556 ° W, 716 – 745 m, 27 Jun 2009. NIWA 21290, 1 female ov. (8.8 mm), NZOI Stn. E 422, 44.25 ° S, 175 ° E, 615 m, 15 Oct 1965. NIWA 21263, 1 female ov. (5.3 mm), NZOI Stn. V 363, 44.250 ° S, 178.999 ° W, 540 m, 07 Sep 1989. NIWA 21187, 4 specimens (not measured), NZOI Stn. D 899, 44.383 ° S, 176.817 ° W, 370 m, 29 Mar 1969. NIWA 21275, 1 male (8.8 mm), NZOI Stn. Q 25, 44.437 ° S, 176.640 ° W, 360 m, 22 Mar 1978. NIWA 21175, 1 female (7.3 mm), NZOI Stn. Q 40, 44.492 ° S, 176.542 ° W, 345 m, 24 Mar 1978. NIWA 21164, 2 males (7.1, 7.5 mm), NZOI Stn. Q 24, 44.495 ° S, 176.562 ° W, 320 m, 22 Mar 1978. NIWA 21171, 1 male (5.8 mm), NZOI Stn. E 146, 44.5 ° S, 177 ° W, 664 m, 17 Oct 1964. NIWA 117996, 2 males (4.5, 4.7 mm), 1 female (4.5 mm), Stn. TAN 0705 / 111, 44.576 – 44.569 ° S, 176.079 – 176.086 ° W, 415 – 265 m, 11 Apr 2007. Canterbury Bight: NIWA 127194, 3 males (7.8, 8.1, 8.5 mm), 10 females (3.4 – 7.0 mm), RV Sonne Stn. SO 254 / 76 ROV 13, 45.027 ° S, 171.904 ° E, 678.3 m, 19 Feb 2017. Southland: NIWA 10112, 2 males (5.2, 5.8 mm), 2 females (4.9, 5.5 mm), H 284, Milford Sound, 44.635 ° S, 167.895 ° E, 281 m, 04 Feb 1971. NIWA 46413, 1 female (broken carapace), Z 15317, Kellard, Doubtful Sound, 45.347 ° S, 167.020 ° E, 400 m, 23 Feb 2008. NIWA 10882, 1 female (3.5 mm), NZOI Stn. E 806, Chalky Inlet, 46.037 ° S, 166.583 ° E, 238 m, 21 Oct 1967. NIWA 21161, 1 male (8.4 mm), NZOI Stn. E 827, off Solander Island, 46.592 ° S, 166.742 ° E, 530 m, 24 Oct 1967. NIWA 21159, 1 female ov. (9.1 mm), NZOI Stn. E 827, off Solander Island, 46.592 ° S, 166.742 ° E, 530 m, 24 Oct 1967. Bounty Plateau: NIWA 21178, 1 male (broken carapace), NZOI Stn. I 705, 47.5 ° S, 178.75 ° E, 390 m, 21 Mar 1973. NIWA 21296, 1 female ov. (7.5 m), NZOI Stn. S 70, 47.76 ° S, 178.513 ° E, 353 m, 26 Sep 1978. NIWA 127150, 1 male (6.0 mm), RV Sonne Stn. SO 254 / 58 AGT 02, West of Bounty Islands, 47.800 ° S, 178.639 ° E, 335 – 337 m, 13 Feb 2017. NIWA 21229, 1 male (9.8 mm), NZOI Stn. I 704, 48 ° S, 178.483 ° E, 475 m, 21 Mar 1979. NIWA 21280, 1 female ov. (9.7 mm), NZOI Stn. S 64, 48.146 ° S, 179.878 ° E, 424 m, 25 Sep 1978. NIWA 21177, 1 male (6.3 mm), NZOI Stn. I 678, 48.167 ° S, 179.75 ° W, 457 m, 14 Mar 1979. NIWA 11055, 2 males (8.5, 9.8 mm), 1 female (6.5 mm), NZOI Stn. I 679, 48.167 ° S, 180 °, 327 m, 15 Mar 1979. NIWA 10111, 2 males (5.5, 6.7 mm), 3 females (4.7, 5.0, 9.0 mm), NZOI Stn. I 699, 48.267 ° S, 179 ° E, 532 m, 19 Mar 1979. NIWA 21251, 1 male (3.8 mm), NZOI Stn. T 30, 48.348 ° S, 179.588 ° W, 720 m, 12 Mar 1981. Campbell Plateau: NIWA 21151, 1 female ov. (8.5 mm), NZOI Stn. S 14, 48.288 ° S, 168.702 ° E, 607 m, 13 Sep 1978. NIWA 127169, 1 male (5.0 mm), RV Sonne Stn. SO 254 / 69 ROV 12, 49.098 – 49.098 ° S, 173.869 – 173.865 ° E, 539.7, 540 m, 17 Feb 2017. NIWA 21181, 1 female (5.8 mm), NZOI Stn. F 105, 49.575 ° S, 170.950 ° E, 499 m, 20 Jan 1965. NIWA 21276, 1 female ov. (7.2 mm), NZOI Stn. S 16, 49.833 ° S, 170.233 ° E, 593 m, 14 Sep 1978. NIWA 21270, 2 males (6.0, 8.3 mm), 2 females (6.8, 7.3 mm), NZOI Stn. S 22, 50.650 ° S, 167.660 ° E, 400 m, 17 Sep 1978. NIWA 21162, 4 males (4.7 – 10.7 mm), 4 females (4.0 – 8.5 mm), NZOI Stn. F 136, 51.333 ° S, 172.700 ° E, 547 m, 30 Jan 1965. NIWA 21230, 1 female (6.9 mm), NZOI Stn. F 148, 51.717 ° S, 173.533 ° E, 677 m, 02 Feb 1965. NIWA 21163, 1 male (8.4 mm), 2 females (8.0, 8.4 mm), NZOI Stn. F 147, 52.350 ° S, 173.150 ° E, 611 m, 01 Feb 1965. NIWA 10883, 1 female (4.3 mm), NZOI Stn. F 146, 53 ° S, 172.75 ° E, 435 m, 01 Feb 1965. NIWA 21228, 1 male (7.3 mm), NZOI Stn. S 51, 53.265 ° S, 172.768 ° E, 501 m, 22 Sep 1978. NIWA 21268, 1 male (8.2 mm), 2 females ov. (8.5, 7.6 mm), NZOI Stn. S 48, 53.510 ° S, 172.400 ° E, 625 m, 22 Sep 1978. NIWA 10115, 1 male (7.6 mm), NZOI Stn. G 927, 53.547 ° S, 172.277 ° E, 580 m, 12 Jan 1971. AM P 92564, 1 male (6.9 mm), 2 females (5.7, 8.7 mm), RV Dimitry Mendeleev Cruise 16 Stn 1277, E of Auckland Islands, 51.000 ° S, 169.983 ° E, 570 m, 15 Jan 1976. New South Wales, Australia: AM P 21124, 1 female (3.1 mm), K 75 - 06 - 04, SE of Crowdy Head, 31.917 – 31.950 ° S, 153.133 – 153.117 ° E, 403 – 549 m, among sponges, 10 Sep 1975. AM P 66665, 2 females (3.0, 3.1 mm), 4.8 – 6.4 km off Eden, 37.053 ° S, 150 ° E, 46 – 55 m, ST Goonambee, coll. A. A. Livingstone & H. O. Fletcher, May 1922. AM P 66666, 1 female (7.0 mm), off Botany Bay, 34 ° S, 151.25 ° E, coll. J. C. Jones. AM G 5669, 1 male (6.6 mm), 1 female ov. (5.9 mm), 2 females (6.1, 6.2 mm), off Botany Bay, 34.00 ° S, 151.25 ° E, coll. J. C. Jones, 18 Sep 1906. Victoria, Australia: AM E 6158, 1 male (4.0 mm), S of Cape Everard, FIS Endeavour, 37.8 ° S, 149.267 ° E, 273 m. AM P 17563, 2 males (3.1, 3.2 mm), 1 female 2.9 mm), SW of Mount Cann, 38.25 ° S, 148.717 ° E, 128 – 183 m. Tasmania, Australia: AM E 6170, 1 female (6.4 mm), about 25 km SE of St Helens Point, 41.435 ° S, 148.571 ° E, 110 m. AM P 15817, 5 males (4.7 – 2.7 mm), 1 female ov. (2.9 mm), “ off coast ”, 182 m, coll. C. Hedley.	en	Schnabel, Kareen E., Ahyong, Shane T. (2019): The squat lobster genus Phylladiorhynchus Baba, 1969 in New Zealand and eastern Australia, with description of six new species. Zootaxa 4688 (3): 301-347, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4688.3.1
03E48785734BFFD4FF25B3DAFBA4FC9C.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Rostrum lateral margins straight or very slightly convex (in small specimens); subapical spines present. Carapace with transverse row of 4 epigastric spines; anterior metagastric ridge continuous, not medially interrupted. Abdominal tergite 3 with anterior and posterior transverse ridges. Thoracic sternite 3 anterior margin biconcave, with obtuse median projection. Antennular article 1 with 4 well-developed spines and minute second lateral spine: distomesial spine long, approximately reaching level of lower distolateral spine, distinctly overreached by upper distolateral and first lateral spines; second (proximal) lateral spine minute. Antennal article 1 mesial process distally reaching at least to level of second lateral antennular spine; article 2 distolateral spine distinctly larger than minute distomesial spine (if present). Article 3 distolateral spine minute or absent. Maxilliped 3 merus with 1 prominent spine on flexor margin. P 2 – 4 dactylus extensor margin without upright spines at bases of movable spines. De s cription. Carapace: Length 0.9 – 1.0 × width; transverse ridges with dense short setae, and few scattered longer iridescent setae. Gastric region with 4 or 5 transverse ridges: 1 epigastric ridge of short scales, with 4 prominent spines in transverse row; 1 anterior protogastric ridge, uninterrupted and extending laterally to carapace margin; 1 medially uninterrupted mesogastric ridge, interrupted laterally by cervical groove; 1 anterior metagastric ridge, medially not usually interrupted, laterally interrupted by cervical groove; posterior gastric ridges short, scalelike. Mid-transverse ridge uninterrupted, preceded by shallow cervical groove, followed by 2 complete, uninterrupted ridges, intervened by 3 short lateral ridges and short, scale-like striae. Lateral margins medially convex, with 8 spines: 2 (anterolateral, hepatic) spines in front of and 6 spines (3 anterior branchial, 3 posterior branchial) behind distinct anterior cervical groove. Anterolateral spine largest of marginal spines, over-reaching lateral orbital spine. Hepatic spine small, set slightly mesially from lateral margin. Anterior branchial spines subequal in size. Posterior branchial spines with first spine subequal to anterior branchial spines, progressively smaller posteriorly. Rostrum 0.5 – 0.8 [0.7] × pcl, length-width ratio 2.3 – [2.4], distance between basal rostral spines about 0.3 × carapace width; posterodorsal surface slightly concave, tip of rostrum upturned; lateral margin nearly always straight, only slightly convex even in smallest specimens (Fig. 8 L), with distinct pair of sub-apical spines. Pterygostomian flap with small anterior spine; surface unarmed, with series of short striae. Thoracic sternum: Sternal plastron slightly wider than long (length-width ratio about 0.8), lateral margins divergent posteriorly. Sternite 3 width [2.0] – 2.8 × length; anterior margin biconcave, with low, obtuse median projection, anterolaterally rounded or with small granule. Sternite 4 surface with short striae. Abdomen: Tergites 2 and 3 with 2 well-defined, uninterrupted transverse ridges; tergite 4 with anterior ridge only; tergites 5 and 6 smooth, without elevated ridges. Eye: Length about 1.4 × width, peduncle distally setose, not expanded proximally, with few short transverse striae on lateral surface; cornea not dilated. Antennule: Article 1 with 4 well-developed distal spines, distomesial spine long, approximately reaching lower distolateral spine; paired distolateral spines present; proximal lateral spine small to obsolescent. Antenna: Article 1 with prominent mesial process, distally distinctly overreaching peduncle and at least reaching level of lateral spine of antennule. Article 2 with distinct lateral spine, barely reaching midlength of article 3; mesial margin angular or with small spine distally. Article 3 with minute lateral spine or angular distally; mesial margin unarmed. Article 4 unarmed. Maxilliped 3 (Mxp 3): Ischium with pronounced distal spines on both flexor and extensor margins; crista dentata with regular row of spines along entire margin. Merus slightly shorter than ischium at midline, with strong distal spines on extensor margins, subequal in size to spine at midlength on flexor margin, otherwise unarmed. Cheliped: Subcylindrical, spiny, usually sparsely covered with setae; length 3.0 – 6.4 [4.0, 4.1] × pcl (males), 2.9 – 4.3 (females), 3.4 – 3.8 (ovigerous females); larger specimens generally with longer chelipeds. Ischiomerus 1.0 – 2.5 [1.8] × pcl, proportionally longer with increasing body size, 2.2 – 3.7 [2.7, 2.8] × carpus length; with rows of spines, lateral and distal spines strongest. Carpus with rows of spines except on ventral surface, 1 or 2 lateral spines most prominent. Propodus palm 1 – 2 [1.6] × carpus length, length-width ratio 2.0 – 4.0 [2.6, 2.7], with 4 parallel rows of spines (2 mesial, 1 near dorsal midline, 1 close to lateral margin, with 1 or 2 spines on proximal portion of pollex. Dactylus [0.8] – 1.1 × palm length; with row of spines along lateral crest; distally with row of spines along curved margin; tip excavated. Walking legs (P 2 – 4): Relatively robust, subcylindrical, moderately setose and spinose. Merus successively shorter posteriorly (P 2 merus 1.1 × P 3 merus length, P 3 merus 1.2 × P 4 merus length). P 2 merus 0.7 – 1.0 [0.9] × pcl; 1.2 × P 2 propodus length; length about 5 × width. P 3 merus 1.0 – 1.1 × P 3 propodus length; length about 4.5 × width. P 4 merus 0.8 – 1.0 [0.9] × P 4 propodus length; length about 4 × width. Extensor margins of P 2 and P 3 with regular rows of spines, proximally diminishing, with prominent distal spines; P 4 extensor margin irregular but unarmed; distally with distinct spine; ventral margins irregular and with strong distal spine on all legs; P 4 lateral surface with median row of [3] or 4 small spines, absent on other legs. Carpus extensor margin with 3 or 4 spines on P 2 – 3, less pronounced or just irregular on P 4; distal spine prominent on all legs; lateral row of 2 – 4 spines below extensor margin of all legs; flexor margin unarmed. P 2 – 4 propodus length about 6 × height; extensor margin with few proximal spines on P 2 – 3, small or absent on P 4; flexor margin with 4 or 5 movable spines in addition to distal pair, size ranging from [slender] to robust. Dactyli 0.6 × propodus length, ending in incurved, strong, sharp spine; flexor margin with 9 – [11] movable spines, otherwise unarmed. Eggs: Eggs at various developmental stages were noted, in all cases having a diameter of 0.4 – 0.6 mm. Clutch size is estimated at 100 to many hundreds. Colour in life. Body pale to light peach base colour, legs nearly transparent, lateral margins of carapace, abdomen and rostrum distinctly orange; major spines on chelipeds and carapace same orange colour, tips white. Darker orange patches arranged along centre of abdomen (Fig. 15 B). Parasites. Thirty-six specimens (~ 9 % infestation rate) bore a single bopyrid in the lateral branchial cavity, and one specimen (NIWA 21194 male) had a bopyrid on both sides. Two specimens (0.5 % infestation rate) had a kentrogonid rhizocephalan externa visible under the abdomen. Association. Found on hydroids, in sponges and on rocks using the ROV KIEL 6000 during the RV Sonne PoribacNewZ voyage (NIWA 127194). Size range. Male pcl 3.0 – 10.7 mm, female pcl 2.2 – 9.7 mm (smallest female, NIWA 33681, confirmed by DNA), ovigerous female pcl ≥ 2.9 mm. Genetic data. COI sequences from 12 specimens of P. nui n. sp. (holotype NIWA 33657 and paratypes and non-types from NIWA 24566, 33658, 33681, 33682, 33687, 33723 and 42691) were ≤ 1.5 % divergent. Phylladiorhynchus nui n. sp. is sister to a clade containing P. australis n. sp., from which it is about 8 % divergent. These two species are morphologically most similar, and they are both distributed across the entire New Zealand continental shelf, but it appears that they are bathymetrically largely separated (see below).	en	Schnabel, Kareen E., Ahyong, Shane T. (2019): The squat lobster genus Phylladiorhynchus Baba, 1969 in New Zealand and eastern Australia, with description of six new species. Zootaxa 4688 (3): 301-347, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4688.3.1
03E48785734BFFD4FF25B3DAFBA4FC9C.taxon	etymology	Etymology. Nui is the Polynesian (including Māori) term for large, referring to the comparably large body size of this species; used as a noun in apposition. Di s tribution. Southeastern Australia from New South Wales, Victoria and Tasmania, and around the entire New Zealand continental shelf, from the Northland shelf to the Chatham and Campbell Rise on the eastern and the fjords and Challenger Plateau on the western side, 46 – 1246 m, typically deeper than 200 m (Fig. 3 inset).	en	Schnabel, Kareen E., Ahyong, Shane T. (2019): The squat lobster genus Phylladiorhynchus Baba, 1969 in New Zealand and eastern Australia, with description of six new species. Zootaxa 4688 (3): 301-347, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4688.3.1
03E48785734BFFD4FF25B3DAFBA4FC9C.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Phylladiorhynchus nui n. sp. is the most common species of the genus in New Zealand, with samples from more than 150 stations examined here, representing more than 450 specimens. Of these specimens, 376 have been sexed and measured, the overall sex ratio is nearly 1: 1 (47 % male, 53 % female) with 62 of the 199 examined females ovigerous. Nineteen specimens from Australia are reported here, some of which were studied by Haig (1973) and Ahyong & Poore (2004) from Victoria, New South Wales and Tasmania, but these also include two specimens collected from an atypically shallow location (46 – 55 m) off Eden, New South Wales (AM P 66665). In the New Zealand region, P. nui is nearly always collected at depths exceeding 200 m (Fig. 3 inset). Phylladiorhynchus nui shows some notable morphological variability in the size of the movable spines on the walking leg propodi. The holotype represents the more typical form with comparatively small, slender, similarlysized spines along the propodal flexor margin. In about 15 % of the specimens, however, one or more of the distal flexor propodal spines may be significantly enlarged (Fig. 9), and this condition does not appear to correlate with size or sex. The position of the enlarged spines and the leg on which these might appear varies, and specimens bearing both the slender and enlarged spines are often collected from the same station. We have not observed similar variation in any other species of Phylladiorhynchus but consider such variation as intraspecific given the co-ocurrence of normal and enlarged-spine forms in both Australia and New Zealand, and the minimal COI sequence divergence between forms (~ 1 %) (compare Fig. 8 K, holotype, with Fig. 9 E and F that have been sequenced). More typical variation includes the size and proportional length of the cheliped, ranging from 2.7 to 6.3 × pcl, with that of males more robust than in females. Interestingly, the cheliped fingers may be gaping in one male and not in a similarly-sized male from the same sample. For example, NIWA 21164 includes a male (7.1 mm) with palm 4.0 times as long as wide and without gaping fingers, and a male (7.5 mm) with distinctly gaping fingers and palm 2.0 times as long as wide. Such differences are in part allometric but may also be related to male-male mate competition (Claverie & Smith 2007, 2010). Phylladiorhynchus nui n. sp. belongs to the group of species of the ‘ pusillus ’ group, that have at least two pairs of epigastric spines, three spines in the anterior branchial region along the lateral carapace margin and a single mesial spine on the maxilliped 3 merus. Phylladiorhynchus nui n. sp. is distinctive in the following combination of characters: - the lateral margins of the rostrum are nearly straight, even in the smallest specimens (Fig. 8 L) (distinctly convex in both P. pusillus and P. australis n. sp.) - the anterior metagastric ridge is nearly always continuous in both P. nui and P. australis (distinctly broken medially, creating two gentle arches in P. pusillus) - the base of the antennule has only a very small or obsolescent lateral spine (small but always distinct in both P. pusillus and P. australis n. sp.) - the mesial margins of antennal articles 2 and 3 are usually unarmed, at most with a distomesial granule (article 2 has a distinct mesial spine in P. pusillus and a small but distinct spine in P. australis n. sp.) - the anterior margin of sternite 3 is distinctly scalloped in both P. nui and P. australis (convex and serrated in P. pusillus) - the cheliped dactylus always has a row of spines along the extensor margin (both P. pusillus and P. australis have only a single proximal spine) - P. nui is overall much larger, pcl up to 10.7 mm, which overlaps but far exceeds the size range of P. australis (≤ 6.1 mm) and P. pusillus (≤ 4.4 mm). Phylladiorhynchus nui is an atypically deeply occurring species of the genus (down to 1246 m) considering the usual bathymetric range of other congeners, which seldom exceed 500 m (Baba et al. 2008). The median depth is 490 m for P. nui, compared to around 100 m for both P. australis and P. pusillus. The only other species known from comparable depths are P. ikedai, reported down to 510 m off New Caledonia (Baba 1991), P. erebus n. sp., here reported from 506 m, and P. spinosus n. sp., from 570 m from off Norfolk Island.	en	Schnabel, Kareen E., Ahyong, Shane T. (2019): The squat lobster genus Phylladiorhynchus Baba, 1969 in New Zealand and eastern Australia, with description of six new species. Zootaxa 4688 (3): 301-347, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4688.3.1
03E487857344FFEAFF25B5A6FABAFF38.taxon	description	(Fig. 10, 11, 12)	en	Schnabel, Kareen E., Ahyong, Shane T. (2019): The squat lobster genus Phylladiorhynchus Baba, 1969 in New Zealand and eastern Australia, with description of six new species. Zootaxa 4688 (3): 301-347, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4688.3.1
03E487857344FFEAFF25B5A6FABAFF38.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. LECTOTYPE: NHMUK 1888: 33 (Henderson, 1885), male (3.0 mm), Challenger Stn. 163 A, Twofold Bay, New South Wales, Australia, 36.98 ° S, 150.33 ° E, 150 fathoms (274 m), 4 Apr 1874. Other material. Kermadec Islands, New Zealand: NIWA 118725, 6 males (2.0 – 3.2 mm), 8 females ov. (2.3 – 2.7 mm), Stn. TAN 1612 / 77, Macauley Island, 30.222 – 30.228 ° S, 178.397 – 178.397 ° W, 72 – 101 m, 29 Oct 2016. NIWA 135602, 2 males (2.7, 3.5 mm), Stn. TAN 1612 / 97, Macauley Island, 30.247 – 30.248 ° S, 178.384 – 178.380 ° W, 125 – 136 m, 31 Oct 2016. NIWA 10633, 1 female (2.0 mm), NZOI Stn. K 838, Macauley Island, 30.263 ° S, 178.395 ° W, 200 m, 28 Jul 1974. NIWA 43003, 1 male (1.5 mm), NZOI Stn. K 855, Cheeseman Island, 30.553 ° S, 178.527 ° W, 125 m, 30 Jul 1974. NIWA 21207, 4 males (1.7 – 3.0 mm), NZOI Stn. K 797, north of L’Esperance Rock, 31.347 ° S, 178.820 ° W, 55 m, 19 Jul 1974. AWMM MA 125787 (ex NIWA 135601), 2 males (3.5, 3.7 mm), 2 females (2.0, 2.3 mm), Stn. TAN 1612 / 106, L’Esperance Rock, 31.364 – 31.367 ° S, 178.759 – 178.758 ° W, 90 – 109 m, 01 Nov 2016. AWMM MA 30532, 1 male (not measured), K 2011 - 2 - 1, W side South Meyer Island 29.247 ° S, 177.882 ° W, 21 m, among algae, 12 May 2011. AWMM MA 30533, 1 male (cl 1.8 mm), K 2011 - 29 - 1, Boat Cove, Raoul Island, 29.273 ° S, 177.927 ° W, 10 m, 15 May 2011. AM P 88923, 1 specimen (1.4 mm), K 2011 - 23 - 4, Milne Rocks, Raoul Island, 29.282 ° S, 177.903 ° W, vertical rock wall, rocks, cobble, coarse sand & turfing algae, 21 m, 15 Jul 2011. AWMM MA 30534, 1 female (cl 2.2 mm), K 2011 - 77 - 2, W side Cheeseman Island 30.535 ° S, 178.570 ° W, 24 m, 23 May 2011. Bay of Islands: NIWA 135611, 1 female (2.5 mm), Stn. TAN 0906 / 130, 34.555 – 34.558 ° S, 173.160 – 173.159 ° E, 107 – 105 m, 12 Jul 2009. NIWA 56259, 2 females (2.7, 2.8 mm), Stn. TAN 0906 / 140, 34.571 – 34.576 ° S, 173.209 – 173.213 ° E, 117 – 120 m, 13 Jul 2009. NIWA 135612, 1 female (2.3 mm), Stn. TAN 0906 / 236, Bay of Islands, 34.850 – 34.850 ° S, 173.905 – 173.898 ° E, 134 – 132 m, 19 Jul 2009. NIWA 57391, 1 male (3.4 mm), 2 females (3.0, 3.1 mm), Stn. TAN 0906 / 235, 34.876 – 34.879 ° S, 173.916 – 173.910 ° E, 117 – 114 m, 19 Jul 2009. NIWA 55443, 2 females (3.5, 3.9 mm), Stn. TAN 0906 / 81, 34.879 – 34.877 ° S, 173.917 – 173.913 ° E, 115 – 112 m, 08 Jul 2009. NIWA 57503, 3 males (3.0, 3.0, 4.4 mm), Stn. TAN 0906 / 240, 34.979 – 34.980 ° S, 173.998 – 174.002 ° E, 85 – 93 m, 19 Jul 2009. NIWA 55302, 1 female (2.3 mm), Stn. TAN 0906 / 68, 35.005 – 35.005 ° S, 174.060 – 174.055 ° E, 110 – 108 m, 08 Jul 2009. NIWA 55202, 1 male (2.8 mm), Stn. TAN 0906 / 60, 35.141 – 35.137 ° S, 174.290 – 174.289 ° E, 103 – 104 m, 07 Jul 2009. NIWA 115200, 1 male (3.3 mm), Stn. TAN 0906 / 25, 35.553 – 35.548 ° S, 174.553 – 174.553 ° E, 57 – 57 m, 05 Jul 2009. Hauraki Gulf: NHMUK 1912: 11.5.61 – 68 (part), 3 males (2.7, 2.8, 3.4 mm), 1 female (3.1 mm). New South Wales, Australia: AM P 76215, 1 male (5.3 mm), NSW 3083, SE of Kilcare, 33.542 ° S, 151.374 ° E, 114 m, rocky reef, from bryozoan, coll. K. Attwood, 2 May 2007. AM G 2387, 1 male (2.1 mm), 1 female (2.8 mm), 8 – 9.5 km off Coogee, “ off Bondi ”, Thetis Stn. 44, 33.95 ° S, 151.358 ° E, 91 m, fine sand, coll. E. R. Waite, 15 Mar 1898. AM P 86067, 1 male (1.7 mm), 1 female (2.4 mm), K 80 - 07 - 02, SE of Tathra Head, 36.75 – 36.80 ° S, 150.03 – 150.05 ° E, 64 m, trawl, 10 Jun 1980. AM P 89921, 1 male (1.7 mm), RV Southern Surveyor Stn. SS 05 / 94 / 119, E of Disaster Bay, 37.310 ° S, 150.065 ° E, 81 – 82 m, benthic sled, 2 Sep 1994. AM P 89915, 3 males (1.9, 2.3, 2.5 mm), Stn. SS 05 / 94 / 127, E of Disaster Bay, 37.315 ° S, 149.993 ° E, 24 – 30 m, benthic sled, 2 Sep 1994. NHMD- 87715, 3 males (1.7, 1.7, 2.5 mm), 1 female (2.3 mm), Disaster Bay, FIS Endeavour, 30 – 40 fm (55 – 73 m), sand, mud, trawled, 1 Oct 1914, coll. Th. Mortensen. AM P 89924, 1 male (2.0 mm), 3 males (1.5 – 3.0 mm), 4 females (1.7 – 2.1 mm), 3 females (2.8, 3.0, 3.3 mm), Stn. SS 05 / 94 / 94, Gabo Island, 37.585 ° S, 149.722 ° E, 25 m, trawl, 30 Aug 1994. Victoria, Australia: AM G 5618, 1 male (4.6 mm), Port Philip Heads, 37.967 ° S, 144.9 ° E, coll. F. E. Grant. AM G 5744, 1 male (4.9 mm), 2 females ov. (3.9, 4.1 mm), Port Philip Heads, 37.967 ° S, 144.9 ° E, coll. F. E. Grant. AM P 89899, 1 male (2.3 mm), RV Southern Surveyor Stn. SS 05 / 94 / 59, Bass Strait, E of Seal Islands, 38.942 ° S, 148.322 ° E, 80 – 85 m, 27 Aug 1994. AM P 89900, 1 male (2.3 mm), Stn. SS 05 / 94 / 60, E of Seal Islands, Bass Strait, 38.985 ° S, 148.527 ° E, 125 m, 27 Aug 1994. Tasmania: AM P 89928, 1 male (4.2 mm), Stn. TAS- 170, Sloop Reef, Bay of Fires, 42.220 ° S, 148.292 ° E, 23 m, coll. R. Springthorpe & C. J. McCormick, 16 Apr 1991. South Australia: SAM C 9974, 1 female (3.1 mm), Stn. DCE _ 100, du Couedic Canyon, 36.336 ° S, 136.623 ° E, 106 m. Western Australia: MV J 55116, 2 males (2.0, 2.7 mm), Stn. SS 10 / 2005 / 120, off Carnarvon, 24.619 ° S, 112.666 ° E, 100 – 100 m, coll. G. C. Poore, 7 Dec 2005. MV J 55113, 1 female ov. (2.5 mm), 1 female (2.6 mm), 6 males (2.7 – 3.4 mm), Stn. SS 10 / 2005 / 102, off Kalbarri, 27.813 ° S, 113.311 ° E, 96 – 98 m, coll. G. C. Poore, 5 Dec 2005. MV J 55114, 1 female ov. (2.9 mm), 1 male (3.0 mm), Stn. SS 10 / 2005 / 082, Jurien Bay, 29.803 – 29.804 ° S, 114.439 – 114.436 ° E, 85 – 92 m, 2 Dec 2005. MV J 55117, 5 males (3.0 – 3.9 mm), Stn. SS 10 / 2005 / 002, off Two Rocks, 31.724 ° S, 115.244 ° E, 102 m, coll. R. S. Wilson, 18 Nov 2005. MV 55121, 1 male (2.9 mm), Stn. SS 10 / 05 / 014, off Bunbury, 33.036 – 33.038 ° S, 114.820 – 114.813 ° E, 95 – 99 m, 20 Nov 2005. MV J 55120, 4 females ov. (2.1 – 3.1 mm), Stn. SS 10 / 2005 / 15, off Mentelle, 33.98 ° S, 114.734 ° E, 97 – 96 m, coll. R. S. Wilson, 21 Nov 2005.	en	Schnabel, Kareen E., Ahyong, Shane T. (2019): The squat lobster genus Phylladiorhynchus Baba, 1969 in New Zealand and eastern Australia, with description of six new species. Zootaxa 4688 (3): 301-347, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4688.3.1
03E487857344FFEAFF25B5A6FABAFF38.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Rostrum lateral margins convex; subapical spines present. Carapace with 4 epigastric spines of which outermost may be present as a granule and much smaller than inner pair (rarely with 6 spines); anterior metagastric ridge scale-like, medially interrupted. Abdominal tergite 3 usually without posterior transverse ridge. Thoracic sternite 3 anterior margin convex, median projection absent. Antennular article 1 with 5 spines: distomesial spine over-reaching lower distolateral spine, slightly to distinctly overreached by upper distolateral and first lateral spines. Antennal article 1 mesial process not reaching level of second lateral antennular spine; article 2 distolateral and distomesial spines subequal; article 3 with distinct distomesial spine. Maxilliped 3 merus with 1 prominent spine on flexor margin. P 2 – 4 dactylus extensor margin without upright spines at bases of movable spines. De s cription. Carapace: Length 0.9 – [1.0] × width; transverse ridges with dense short setae, and few scattered, longer, iridescent setae. Gastric region with 4 transverse ridges: epigastric ridge medially interrupted, with 2 (rarely 3) pairs of spines in transverse row, innermost pair always prominent, largest, outer pair (s) prominent to obsolescent, sometimes indicated by minute granule; protogastric ridge uninterrupted and extending laterally to carapace margin; mesogastric ridge interrupted laterally by cervical groove; metagastric ridge medially interrupted and forming 2 arches, laterally interrupted by the cervical groove, laterally scale-like and continuing uninterrupted to lateral margin of carapace. Mid-transverse ridge uninterrupted, preceded by shallow cervical groove, followed by 2 complete, uninterrupted ridges, intervened by 3 interrupted ridges. Lateral margins medially convex, with 7 spines: 2 spines in front of (anterolateral, hepatic) and 5 spines behind anterior cervical groove (3 anterior branchial spines, 2 posterior branchial spines). Anterolateral spine well-developed, reaching lateral orbital spine, size subequal. Hepatic spine small, set slightly mesially from lateral margin. Anterior branchial spines subequal in size. Posterior branchial spines with first spine subequal to anterior branchial spines, second smaller. Rostrum length 0.4 – 0.6 [0.5] × pcl; length-width ratio [1.0] – 1.3; distance between basal pair of rostral spines about 0.3 × carapace width; dorsal surface slightly concave; lateral margin distinctly convex, with distinct pair of sub-apical spines. Pterygostomian flap with sharp anterior spine and few small, scattered granules at upper margin near linea anomurica; entire surface with series of broken and continuous striae. Thoracic sternum: Sternal plastron as wide as or slightly wider than long (length-width ratio [0.8] – 1.0); lateral margins divergent posteriorly. Sternite 3 1.7 – [2.1] × length; anterior margin convex and minutely serrated; anterolateral margins with broad granule or square. Abdomen: Tergite 2 with 2 uninterrupted transverse ridges; tergite 3 usually with anterior ridge only, rarely with posterior ridge; tergite 4 with anterior ridge only, remainder smooth, without elevated ridges. Eye: Eye length about 1.2 × width, peduncle distally setose, slightly expanded proximally, with few short transverse striae on lateral surface; cornea not dilated. Antennule: Article 1 with 5 well-developed distal spines, distomesial spine well-developed, over-reaching lower distolateral spine; paired distolateral spines present; proximal lateral spine strongly developed. Antenna: Article 1 with prominent, broad mesial process, distally overreaching peduncle. Article 2 with subequal distal spines, reaching midlength of article 3. Article 3 with distinct mesial spine, anterolaterally squared (unarmed). Article 4 unarmed. Maxilliped 3 (Mxp 3): Ischium with pronounced distal spines on both flexor and extensor margin; crista dentata with regular row of spines along entire margin. Merus slightly shorter than ischium at midline, with strong distal spines on extensor margins, subequal in size to spine at midlength on flexor margin; otherwise unarmed. Cheliped: Length 2.7 – 4.7 [3.8] × pcl (males), 2.9 – 3.5 × pcl (females), larger specimens generally with longer chelipeds; subcylindrical, spiny, setation variable, ranging from densely plumose to sparse. Ischiomerus 1.1 – 1.9 [1.5] × pcl, 1.5 – [2.4] × carpus length; with rows of spines, lateral and distal spines strongest. Carpus with rows of spines except for ventral surface, 1 or 2 lateral spines most prominent. Palm 0.7 – [1.5] × carpus length, length-width ratio 1.6 – 3.2 [2.5], with 4 parallel rows of spines (2 mesial, 1 at about dorsal midline, 1 close to lateral margin, with 1 or 2 spines reaching onto proximal portion of fixed finger. Dactylus 0.6 – [0.9] × palm length; usually with 1 distinct proximal spine laterally, 1 or 2 additional small spines in specimens with large chelipeds; surface with short setiferous striae and some scattered granules in large specimens; distally with row of spines along curved margin; tip excavated. Walking legs (P 2 – 4): Relatively robust, subcylindrical, moderately setose and spinose. Merus successively shorter posteriorly (P 2 merus 1.1 – 1.2 length of P 3, P 3 merus 1.1 – 1.2 × length of P 4 merus). P 2 merus about threefourths pcl; 1.2 – 1.3 × P 2 propodus length; length 4 – 5 × width. P 3 merus 1.0 – 1.2 × P 3 propodus length; length 4 – 5 × width. P 4 merus 0.9 × P 4 propodus length; length 3.4 – 4.0 × width. Extensor margin of P 2 and P 3 with regular row of spines, proximally diminishing, with prominent distal spine; P 4 extensor margin irregular but unarmed; distally unarmed; ventral margins irregular and with strong distal spine on all legs; P 4 lateral surface with median row of small spines, absent on P 2 and P 3. Carpus with 2 or 3 spines on extensor margin on P 2 – 3, irregular but unarmed on P 4; distal spine prominent on all legs; 2 or 3 spines along row below extensor margin on lateral surface on all legs; flexor margin unarmed. P 2 – 4 propodus length 4.5 – 6.0 × height [loose leg of syntype slightly stouter at 4.3]; extensor margin with 3 – 5 proximal spines on P 2 – 3, typically 2 on P 4; flexor margin with 3 – 5 slender movable spines in addition to distal pair. Dactylus 0.6 – 0.7 × propodus length, ending in incurved, strong, sharp spine; flexor margin with 5 – 7 movable spines, otherwise unarmed. Size. Male pcl 1.5 – 5.3 mm, female pcl 2.0 – 3.9 mm, ovigerous female pcl ≥ 2.3 mm. Colour in life. Unknown. Parasites. Five specimens, a 3.1 mm female from South Australia (SAM C 9974), a 2.4 mm female from New South Wales (AM P 86067), a 2.3 mm male from Victoria (AM P 89899) and a 2.6 mm female and 3.0 mm male from Western Australia (MV J 5513) have kentrogonid rhizocephalan externae under the abdomen. Genetic data. A specimen each from three samples (NIWA 57503, Bay of Islands, and NIWA 135601 and 135602 from the Kermadec Islands) has been sequenced for COI (Table 1). Di s tribution. Confirmed from southeastern, southern and western Australia (New South Wales, Victoria, Tasmania, South Australia), and the northern New Zealand mainland and Kermadec Ridge, 10 – 274 m. The type record remains the deepest record for this species (274 m), although more typically, collections were made between 30 and 130 m depth.	en	Schnabel, Kareen E., Ahyong, Shane T. (2019): The squat lobster genus Phylladiorhynchus Baba, 1969 in New Zealand and eastern Australia, with description of six new species. Zootaxa 4688 (3): 301-347, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4688.3.1
03E487857344FFEAFF25B5A6FABAFF38.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Phylladiorhynchus pusillus was formerly considered widespread in the Indo-West and Eastern Pacific (Baba et al. 2008), but it is here confirmed only from New Zealand and temperate Australian waters. The majority of the specimens previously identified as P. pusillus in New Zealand and southeastern Australia belong to two new species, P. australis n. sp. and P. nui n. sp., and differences are discussed under those species above. Several records within the region remain to be verified: specimens reported by Guiler (1952) and Zarenkov (1968) could not be located in collections. Specimens examined from Western and South Australia reported by Poore et al. (2008) conform in all aspects and are identified here as P. pusillus s. s. One specimen contained in sample MV J 55117 and three further samples not listed differ from all species reported here and require further study. Records of P. pusillus from outside New Zealand and Australian waters region remain to be verified, but it seems likely that P. pusillus is restricted to the temperate southwestern Pacific and eastern Indian oceans. Figures of material reported as P. pusillus from Taiwan (Baba et al. 2009: figs. 263, 264), the East China Sea (Lee et al. 2019: figs. 3, 4) and New Caledonia (Baba 1991: fig. 4 e) all show a biconcave anterior margin of thoracic sternite 3, indicating that these are not referable to P. pusillus sensu stricto, but belong to other species. Two nominal species formerly placed in the synonymy of P. pusillus (Galathea integra Benedict, 1902, Japan; and Galathea lenzi Rathbun, 1907, Chile) will probably also prove to be separate valid species and are currently under study by Rodríguez-Flores (pers. com.?). Henderson (1885) described P. pusillus based on a male and two female syntypes, all in poor condition. The largest syntype, the male, is herein designated as the lectotype. The lectotype, unfortunately, has the anterior portion of the carapace fractured and only a single walking leg, presumably the left P 3, remaining. Nevertheless, it matches other specimens collected off southeastern Australia (including near the type locality) that help confirm diagnostic characters for this species. Comparing the Australian lectotype with material from New Zealand, the appearance and morphometrics overlap nearly entirely. In some measurements, the single specimen appeared to be at one or the other extreme of the range (e. g., proportions of the rostrum, thoracic sternite 3 and some measurements of the chelipeds) but this is considered natural variation. Despite specimen damage, the diagnostic features of P. pusillus are clearly preserved in the lectotype: the medially broken metagastric ridge that appears as four convex striae across the carapace, a distinctly convex lateral rostral margin, the anteriorly rounded sternite 3, and the distinct mesial spines on antennal articles 2 and 3. Variation is evident in the ornamentation of abdominal tergite 3. The majority of specimens have only a single transverse ridge on tergite 3, but a distinct posterior transverse ridge is also present in the largest specimen examined (male, 5.3 mm, AM P 76215). Two other relatively large specimens (females, 3.0, 3.3 mm, AM P 89924) from off Gabo Island, near the type locality, also have a posterior transverse ridge on tergite 3, albeit indistinct. The specimens otherwise agree well with other specimens of P. pusillus. The typical two pairs of epigastric spines, which have to date been the primary recognition features of P. pusillus, exhibit previously unreported allometric variation. In small specimens, one or both of the outermost spines are sometimes yet to be fully developed, present only as a small granule. In the smallest male (NIWA 43003, 1.5 mm), the spines are very difficult to detect, even under highest magnification. Similarly, records of P. integrirostris from the Kermadec Islands (Ahyong 2015), based on minute specimens (≤ 2.2 mm), proved referable to P. pusillus in which the outer epigastric spines were as yet undeveloped, being present only as a minute granule. At the other extreme, six epigastric spines are occasionally present as in a 2.8 mm female (AM P 89924) and as figured by Poore (2004: fig. 66 b). Despite the variation in epigastric spination in some specimens of P. pusillus, the species can be recognised at all sizes by the anteriorly convex rather than biconcave or medially emarginate thoracic sternite 3.	en	Schnabel, Kareen E., Ahyong, Shane T. (2019): The squat lobster genus Phylladiorhynchus Baba, 1969 in New Zealand and eastern Australia, with description of six new species. Zootaxa 4688 (3): 301-347, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4688.3.1
03E48785737AFFECFF25B339FB45F81C.taxon	description	(Figs. 12, 13)	en	Schnabel, Kareen E., Ahyong, Shane T. (2019): The squat lobster genus Phylladiorhynchus Baba, 1969 in New Zealand and eastern Australia, with description of six new species. Zootaxa 4688 (3): 301-347, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4688.3.1
03E48785737AFFECFF25B339FB45F81C.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. HOLOTYPE AM P 103672 (ex. NIWA 21215), male (3.3 mm), Phillip Island, Norfolk Island group, Australia, NZOI Stn. I 78, 29.113 ° S, 167.938 ° E, 6 – 28 m, 22 Jul 1975. PARATYPES NIWA 21211, 2 males (1.0, 2.8 mm), 1 female (1.8 mm), Norfolk Island, Australia, NZOI Stn. I 75, Anson Bay, 28.75 ° S, 167.92 ° E, 70 m, 20 Jul 1975. NIWA 21212, 1 male (3.5 mm), 1 female (2.1 mm), Norfolk Island, Australia, NZOI Stn. P 29, 28.908 ° S, 167.963 ° E, 37 m, 28 Jan 1977. NIWA 21210, 1 male (2.5 mm), S of Norfolk Island, Australia, NZOI Stn. P 19, 29.560 S, 168.027 ° E, 81 m, 25 Jan 1977. NIWA 21209, 2 females ov. (2.8, 2.2 mm), S of Norfolk Island, Australia, NZOI Stn. P 20, 29.538 ° S, 167.997 ° E, 52 m, 25 Jan 1977. AM P 72850, 1 male (1.7 mm), TAN 0308 / 24, S of Norfolk Island, Australia, 28.907 ° S, 167.684 ° E, 111 – 115 m, 15 May 2003. Other material. Queensland, Australia: AM G 5620, 1 female ov. (3.4 mm), Mast Head Island, 23.539 ° S, 151.726 ° E, 31 m, dredged, coll. F. E. Grant. AM G. 5743, 1 male (2.8 mm), 3 females ov. (2.4, 2.5, 2.8 mm), Mast Head Island, 23.539 ° S, 151.726 ° E, 4 m, coll. F. E. Grant. AM P 12212, 3 females ov. (2.5, 2.6, 2.6 mm), 12 miles NE of Bustard Head, near Port Curtis, 24.017 ° S, 151.767 ° E, 15 m, from coral reef, coll. J. S. Hynd, 5 Sep 1946. Norfolk Ridge, Australia: NIWA 21204, 1 male (2.6 mm), 1 female ov. (2.4 mm), NZOI Stn. D 564, N of Nor- folk Island, 27.130 ° S, 167.983 ° E, 24 m, 20 Feb 1966. NIWA 21213, 2 males (2.2, 2.5 mm), NZOI Stn. P 28, Norfolk Island, 28.830 ° S, 167.994 ° E, 53 m, 28 Jan 1977. NIWA 21208, 2 males (2.4, 2.8 mm), 4 females ov. (1.9 – 2.6 mm), 1 female (2.3 mm), NZOI Stn. I 82, S of Norfolk Island, 29.128 ° S, 168.005 ° E, 51 m, 22 Jul 1975. NIWA 21205, 1 female ov. (2.1 mm), NZOI Stn. I 92, S of Norfolk Island, 29.413 ° S, 168.220 ° E, 570 – 578 m, 23 Jul 1975. NIWA 21214, 1 male (2.0 mm), 1 female ov. (2.2 mm), NZOI Stn. I 90, S of Norfolk Island, 29.417 ° S, 168.093 ° E, 71 m, 23 Jul 1975. NIWA 21206, 1 male (2.8 mm), NZOI Stn. I 89, S of Norfolk Island, 29.422 ° S, 168.003 ° E, 65 m, 23 Jul 1975. Western Australia: AM P 89996, 1 male (2.0 mm), 1 female ov. (2.0 mm), 1 female (1.6 mm), WA 644, Dampier Archipelago, Legendre Island, 1 km NE of Cape Legendre, 20.355 ° S, 116.843 ° E, 27 m, small boulders, coll. P. Hutchings & L. Avery, 6 Aug 2000. AM P 90002, 1 male (2.1 mm), 1 female (2.1 mm), WA 646, Dampier Archipelago, 1 km NE of Delambre Island, 20.429 ° S, 117.085 ° E, 14 m, P. Hutchings & L. Avery, 7 Aug 2000. AM P 89991, 1 female (1.1 mm), WA 406, Exmouth Gulf, Bundegi Reef, near Point Murat, 21.820 ° S, 113.180 ° E, 8 – 9 m, dead encrusted coral, coll. R. Springthorpe, 4 Jan 1984. AM P 89988, 1 male (2.1 mm), 1 female (1.3 mm), WA 404, Exmouth Gulf, Bundegi Reef, near Point Murat, 21.820 ° S, 113.180 ° E, 8 – 9 m, pink sponge on dead coral, coll. J. Lowry, 4 Jan 1984. AM P 89975, 2 males (1.7, 2.4 mm), WA 526, Goss Passage, Beacon Island, foot of reef slope, 28.425 ° S, 113.780 ° E, 33 m, dead coral embedded in fine sediment, coll. P. Hutchings, 23 May 1994. AM P 89978, 1 male (1.9 mm), 1 female (2.2 mm), WA 526, Goss Passage, Beacon Island, foot of reef slope, 28.425 ° S, 113.780 ° E, 33 m, dead coral embedded in fine sediment, coll. P. Hutchings, 23 May 1994. AM P 89985, 1 male (2.0 mm), FRV Flinders Stn 29, WA 542, Houtman Abrolhos Islands, Wallabi Group, 28.543 ° S, 113.776 ° E, 45 m, white bleached rhodoliths, coll. P. Hutchings, 28 May 1994.	en	Schnabel, Kareen E., Ahyong, Shane T. (2019): The squat lobster genus Phylladiorhynchus Baba, 1969 in New Zealand and eastern Australia, with description of six new species. Zootaxa 4688 (3): 301-347, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4688.3.1
03E48785737AFFECFF25B339FB45F81C.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Rostrum lateral margins nearly straight; subapical spines present. Carapace with 2 epigastric spines; metagastric ridge between third branchial marginal spines medially continuous; anterior branchial margin with 3 spines; hepatic spine present. Thoracic sternite 3 anterior margin biconcave, with obtuse median projection. Antennular article 1 with 5 spines: distomesial spine large, reaching end of lower distolateral spine, overreached by upper distolateral and first lateral spines; second (proximal) lateral spine long, slender. Antennal article 1 mesial process distally falling well short of second lateral antennular spine; article 2 distolateral spine distinctly larger than distomesial spine; article 3 with small to minute distomesial spine, distolaterally unarmed. Maxilliped 3 merus with 1 prominent spine on flexor margin. P 2 – 4 dactylus extensor margin with sharp upright spines at bases of movable spines. De s cription. Carapace: Length 0.8 – [0.9] × width; transverse ridges with dense short setae, and few scattered longer setae. Gastric region with 4 interrupted anterior transverse ridges: epigastric ridge distinct, with 2 spines; anterior protogastric ridge continuous, nearly extending laterally to carapace margin; anterior mesogastric ridge continuous, broken laterally by cervical groove, laterally continuing uninterrupted to first branchial spine; metagastric ridge continuous, broken by cervical groove, laterally continuing to third branchial spine; short striae sometimes scattered between ridges, central posterior metagastric ridge always a distinct curved stria. Mid-transverse ridge uninterrupted, preceded by shallow cervical groove, followed by 2 complete, uninterrupted ridges, interspersed with 3 short lateral ridges and few short, scattered striae. Lateral margins distinctly convex, with 8 spines; 2 spines in front of (anterolateral, hepatic) and 6 spines behind (3 anterior branchial, 3 posterior branchial) distinct anterior cervical groove. Anterolateral spine well-developed, nearly reaching lateral orbital spine, subequal in size. Hepatic spine distinct, set slightly mesially from lateral margin. Anterior branchial spines subequal in size. Posterior branchial spines with first spine subequal to anterior branchial spines, progressively smaller posteriorly. Rostrum length [0.4] – 0.7 × pcl, relatively slender, length-width ratio about 2.0, distance between basal pair of rostral spines about 0.3 × carapace width; dorsal surface concave; lateral margins slightly convex, sub-apical spines distinct. Pterygostomian flap anteriorly with sharp anterior spine; surface unarmed, with series of short striae. Thoracic sternum: Sternal plastron as wide as or slightly wider than long, length-width ratio 0.8 – 1.0 [0.9], lateral margins slightly divergent posteriorly. Sternite 3 width 1.5 – [1.7] × length; anterior margin biconcave, median process obtusely triangular; lateral margins rounded. Abdomen: Tergites 2 – 4 with anterior and posterior transverse ridges; tergites 5 – 6 smooth, without elevated ridges. Eye: Eye length [1.4] – 1.5 × width, peduncle distally setose, not distinctly expanded proximally, with few short transverse striae on lateral surface; cornea not dilated. Antennule: Article 1 with 5 well-developed distal spines: distomesial spine large, reaching end of lower disto- lateral spine; paired distolateral spines present; proximal lateral spine long and slender. Short striae covering mesial surfaces. Antenna: Article 1 with prominent mesial process, distally falling well short of lateral spine of antennule. Article 2 with distinct distal spines laterally and small spine mesially. Article 3 with small to minute mesial spine, laterally unarmed. Article 4 unarmed. Maxilliped 3 (Mxp 3): Ischium with distinct distal spines on both flexor and extensor margins; crista dentata with regular row of spines along entire margin. Merus about as long as ischium at midline, with prominent distal spine on extensor margin, subequal to prominent spine at midlength of flexor margin; otherwise unarmed. Cheliped: Length 2.4 – 4.0 [3.8] × pcl (2.4 – 2.7 in females, 3.0 – 4.0 in males); subcylindrical, spiny and setose. Ischiomerus [1.0 – 1.6] × pcl, [2.0] – 3.0 × carpus length; with rows of spines, mesial spines strongest. Carpus with rows of spines on all surfaces, 1 or 2 mesial spines most prominent. Propodus palm 1.0 – 1.5 [1.1] × carpus length, length-width ratio 1.7 – 2.1 [1.9], with 4 parallel rows of spines (2 mesial, 1 at about dorsal midline, 1 close to lateral margin). Fingers [0.8] – 1.3 × palm length; surface with short setiferous striae, unarmed, distally excavated, may be distinctly gaping. Pollex outer margin unarmed, occlusal margin with 1 prominent process. Dactylus with 1 small to distinct outer proximal spine, occlusal margin with prominent basal processes; distally with row of spines along curved margin; tip excavated. Walking legs (P 2 – 4): relatively stout, subcylindrical, moderately setose and spinose. Merus successively shorter posteriorly (P 2 merus 1.1 – [1.2] × P 3 merus length, P 3 merus [1.2] – 1.3 × P 4 merus length). P 2 merus length 0.6 – [0.7] × pcl, 1.1 – [1.2] × P 2 propodus length, length [4] – 5 × width. P 3 merus length [1.0] – 1.1 × P 3 propodus length; length [3] – 4 × width. P 4 merus length 0.8 – [0.9] × P 4 propodus length; length [3] – 4 × width. Extensor margin of P 2 and P 3 with regular row of spines, proximally diminishing, with prominent distal spine; P 4 extensor margin irregular but unarmed, distal spine absent; flexor margins of all legs irregular, with rows of projecting scales and prominent distal spine; P 4 lateral surface with median row of 2 or 3 small spines, absent on P 2 and P 3. Carpus with 3 or 4 spines on extensor margin on P 2 – 3, unarmed on P 4; distal spine prominent on P 2 – 3, minute on P 4; row of small spines below extensor margin on lateral surface of P 2 – 3, unarmed on P 4; flexor margin unarmed. P 2 – 4 propodus length 4 – 5 × height; extensor margin irregular, unarmed on all legs; flexor margin with 6 – 8 slender movable spines in addition to distal pair. Dactylus length 0.5 – 0.7 [0.6] × propodus length, ending in incurved, strong, sharp spine; flexor margin lined with fixed upright spines and 6 – 8 movable spines articulating at base of fixed spines. Size. Male pcl 1.0 – 3.5 mm, female pcl 1.8 – 2.8 mm, ovigerous female pcl ≥ 1.9 mm. Colour in life. Not known. Genetic data. Not available.	en	Schnabel, Kareen E., Ahyong, Shane T. (2019): The squat lobster genus Phylladiorhynchus Baba, 1969 in New Zealand and eastern Australia, with description of six new species. Zootaxa 4688 (3): 301-347, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4688.3.1
03E48785737AFFECFF25B339FB45F81C.taxon	etymology	Etymology. Spinosus is the Latin adjective for prickly, thorny or spiny, used to indicate the unusual dactylar spines at the base of each movable spine.	en	Schnabel, Kareen E., Ahyong, Shane T. (2019): The squat lobster genus Phylladiorhynchus Baba, 1969 in New Zealand and eastern Australia, with description of six new species. Zootaxa 4688 (3): 301-347, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4688.3.1
03E48785737AFFECFF25B339FB45F81C.taxon	distribution	Distribution. So far only known from Queensland, Norfolk Island, the Norfolk Ridge, and Western Australia; 4 – 81 m except for one record at 570 – 578 m.	en	Schnabel, Kareen E., Ahyong, Shane T. (2019): The squat lobster genus Phylladiorhynchus Baba, 1969 in New Zealand and eastern Australia, with description of six new species. Zootaxa 4688 (3): 301-347, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4688.3.1
03E48785737AFFECFF25B339FB45F81C.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Phylladiorhynchus spinosus n. sp. belongs to the ‘ integrirostris’ group, with a single pair of epigastric spines, which it also shares with P. triginta n. sp. Distinguishing characters between P. integrirostris, P. spinosus n. sp. and P. triginta n. sp. are discussed under the former species above. This new species is the only known species of Phylladiorhynchus from the study area that has the walking leg dactyli with distinct, fixed, upright, flexor spines at the base of each movable corneous spine (present also in P. nudus from northwestern Australia). This character is common in the closely related genus Galathea (see Macpherson & Robainas-Barcia 2015) but unusual in Phylladiorhynchus. The known distribution of P. spinosus is disjunct, with locations from the Tasman Sea, northern Queensland and Western Australia (Abrolhos Islands and Dampier Archipelago). It is possible that more than one species is currently included in P. spinosus, but the Tasman Sea and Queensland specimens agree well in all respects. The Western Australian specimens examined here, however, differ subtly in the size of the distal spines on antennal article 2, being subequal rather than distinctly unequal. Unfortunately, however, the specimens are incomplete, all lacking chelipeds. Although possibly representing a different species, the Western Australian form (including Macpherson’s (2008) records from the Dampier Archipelago) are herein referred to P. spinosus pending further study. Specimens of P. spinosus were collected from 81 m or shallower, except for one specimen recorded at 570 – 578 m (NIWA 21205; NZOI stn I 92). The specimen agrees in all respects with the shallow water specimens including the distinct pereopod 2 – 4 dactylar spines; we suspect that this station record is erroneous.	en	Schnabel, Kareen E., Ahyong, Shane T. (2019): The squat lobster genus Phylladiorhynchus Baba, 1969 in New Zealand and eastern Australia, with description of six new species. Zootaxa 4688 (3): 301-347, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4688.3.1
03E48785737EFFE2FF25B68EFCC2FE6C.taxon	description	(Figs. 12, 14)	en	Schnabel, Kareen E., Ahyong, Shane T. (2019): The squat lobster genus Phylladiorhynchus Baba, 1969 in New Zealand and eastern Australia, with description of six new species. Zootaxa 4688 (3): 301-347, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4688.3.1
03E48785737EFFE2FF25B68EFCC2FE6C.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. HOLOTYPE AM P 103671 (ex NIWA 28066), female (2.3 mm), NORFANZ Station TAN 0308 / 67, Lord Howe Island, Australia, 31.874 – 31.878 ° S, 159.240 – 159.258 ° E, 72 – 82 m, 23 May 2003. Other material. Australia: AM P 38013, 1 male (2.2 mm), Middleton Reef; outer slope; near “ Runic ” wreck, 29.457 ° S, 159.062 ° E, 15 m, 5 Dec 1987. AM P 38014, 1 male (2.2 mm), Middleton Reef; N face of outer reef slope, 29.453 ° S, 159.113 ° E, 10 m, 4 Dec 1987. NIWA 21153, 1 male (2.5 mm), NZOI Stn. P 82, Lord Howe Island, 31.830 ° S, 159.328 ° E, 78 – 84 m, 28 May 1977. NIWA 135605, 1 female ov. (1.8 mm), NZOI Stn. P 29, N of Norfolk Island, 28.908 ° S, 167.963 ° E, 37 m, 28 Jan 1977.	en	Schnabel, Kareen E., Ahyong, Shane T. (2019): The squat lobster genus Phylladiorhynchus Baba, 1969 in New Zealand and eastern Australia, with description of six new species. Zootaxa 4688 (3): 301-347, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4688.3.1
03E48785737EFFE2FF25B68EFCC2FE6C.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Rostrum lateral margins distinctly convex; subapical spines present. Carapace with 2 epigastric spines; metagastric ridge between third branchial marginal spines interrupted medially; anterior branchial margin with 3 spines; hepatic spine present. Thoracic sternite 3 anterior margin biconcave, with obtuse median projection. Antennular article 1 with 5 spines: distomesial spine large, overreaching end of lower distolateral spine, overreached by upper distolateral and first lateral spines; second lateral spine long, slender. Antennal article 1 mesial process falling well short of second lateral antennular spine; article 2 distolateral and distomesial spines well developed, subequal in length; article 3 with small to minute distomesial spine, distolaterally unarmed. Maxilliped 3 merus with 1 prominent spine on flexor margin. P 2 – 4 dactylus extensor margin without upright spines at bases of movable spines. De s cription. Carapace: Length [0.9] – 1.0 × width; transverse ridges with dense short setae, and few scattered longer setae. Gastric region with 4 interrupted anterior transverse ridges: epigastric ridge distinct, with 2 submedian spines; anterior protogastric ridge continuous, nearly extending laterally to carapace margin; anterior mesogastric ridge continuous, interrupted laterally by cervical groove, laterally continuing uninterrupted to first branchial spine; metagastric ridge interrupted medially and by cervical groove forming 4 arcuate striae, outermost stria continuing laterally to third branchial spine; median stria on posterior metagastric ridge usually distinct; few short scales sometimes scattered between ridges. Mid-transverse ridge uninterrupted, preceded by shallow cervical groove, followed by 2 complete, uninterrupted ridges, interspersed with short lateral ridges. Lateral margins distinctly convex, with 7 spines: 2 spines in front of (anterolateral, hepatic) and 5 spines (3 anterior branchial spines, 2 posterior branchial spines) behind distinct anterior cervical groove. Anterolateral spine well-developed, nearly reaching lateral orbital spine, subequal in size. Hepatic spine distinct, set slightly mesially from lateral margin. Anterior branchial spines subequal in size. Posterior branchial spines with first spine subequal to anterior branchial spines, second spine smaller. Rostrum length [0.5] – 0.6 × pcl, length-width ratio 1.6, distance between basal pair of rostral spines about 0.3 × carapace width; dorsal surface concave; lateral margins distinctly convex, sub-apical spines distinct. Pterygostomian flap anteriorly with sharp anterior spine; surface unarmed, with series of short striae. Thoracic sternum: Sternal plastron slightly wider than long, length-width ratio 0.8, lateral margins slightly divergent posteriorly. Sternite 3 width 1.8 – [2.0] × length; anterior margin biconcave, median process obtusely triangular; lateral margins rounded. Abdomen: Tergite 2 with anterior and posterior transverse ridges; tergite 3 with anterior ridge only; tergites 4 – 6 smooth, without elevated ridges. Eye: Eye length about 1.3 × width, peduncle distally setose, very slightly expanded at midlength; with few short transverse striae on lateral surfaces; cornea not dilated. Antennule: Article 1 with 5 well-developed distal spines: distomesial spine large, overreaching end of lower distolateral spine; paired distolateral spines present; proximal lateral spine long and slender. Short striae covering mesial surfaces. Antenna: Article 1 with prominent mesial process, distally falling well short of lateral spine of antennule. Article 2 with distinct distal spines laterally and mesially. Article 3 with small to minute mesial spine, laterally unarmed. Article 4 unarmed. Maxilliped 3 (Mxp 3): Ischium with distinct distal spines on both flexor and extensor margins; crista dentata with regular row of spines along entire margin. Merus slightly shorter than ischium at midline, with prominent distal spine on extensor margin, subequal to prominent spine at midlength of flexor margin; otherwise unarmed. Cheliped: Stout, length [2.9] – 3.4 × pcl (males 3.2 – 3.4); subcylindrical, very spiny and setose. Ischiomerus [1.2] – 1.3 × pcl, [2.1] – 2.2 × carpus length; with rows of spines, mesial spines strongest. Carpus with rows of spines on all surfaces, 1 or 2 mesial spines most prominent. Palm [1.2] – 1.4 × carpus length, length-width ratio [1.8] – 2.0, with 5 parallel rows of spines (2 mesial, 2 at about dorsal midline, 1 irregular row close to lateral margin). Fingers 0.8 × palm length; surface with short setiferous striae, distally excavated, occasionally slightly gaping. Pollex outer margin unarmed, occlusal margin with 1 prominent process near midlength. Dactylus with distinct proximal spine, 3 or 4 well-developed spines along or just below outer margin; occlusal margin with prominent basal process, distally with row of spines along curved margin; tip excavated. Walking legs (P 2 – 4): Relatively stout, subcylindrical, moderately setose and spinose. Merus successively shorter posteriorly (P 2 merus 1.1 × P 3 merus length, P 3 merus 1.1 × P 4 merus length). P 2 merus length 0.6 × pcl, [1.2] – 1.3 × P 2 propodus length, length about 4 × width. P 3 merus length 1.1 × P 3 propodus length; length 3 – [4] × width. P 4 merus length [0.9] – 1.0 × P 4 propodus length; length 3.5 – 4.0 × width. Extensor margin of P 2 and P 3 with regular row of spines, proximally diminishing, with prominent distal spine; P 4 extensor margin irregular but unarmed, distal spine absent; flexor margins of all legs irregular with rows of projecting scales and prominent distal spine; P 4 lateral surface with median row of 2 or 3 small spines, absent on P 2 and P 3. Carpus with 3 or 4 spines on extensor margin on P 2 – 3, unarmed on P 4; distal spine prominent on P 2 – 3, minute on P 4; row of distinct spines below extensor margin on lateral surface of P 2 – 3, unarmed on P 4; flexor margin unarmed. P 2 – 4 propodus length 4 – 5 × height; extensor margins with 2 – 4 proximal, fixed spines; flexor margin with 1 – 4 movable spines in addition to distal pair. Dactylus 0.6 × propodus length, ending in incurved, strong, sharp spine; flexor margin with 6 or 7 movable spines, otherwise unarmed. Size. Male pcl 2.2 – 2.5 mm, female pcl 1.8 – 2.3 mm, ovigerous female pcl 1.8 mm. Colour in life. Not known. Genetic data. The holotype (AM P 103671) was successfully sequenced for the COI fragment (Table 1).	en	Schnabel, Kareen E., Ahyong, Shane T. (2019): The squat lobster genus Phylladiorhynchus Baba, 1969 in New Zealand and eastern Australia, with description of six new species. Zootaxa 4688 (3): 301-347, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4688.3.1
03E48785737EFFE2FF25B68EFCC2FE6C.taxon	etymology	Etymology. Trīgintā, Latin for the number 30, used to signify the narrow known latitudinal range of this species. Specimens have been collected between latitude 28.9 – 31.8 ° S from the southwestern Pacific ridges, around the Lord Howe and Norfolk Islands. Used as a noun in apposition. Di s tribution. Tasman Sea, from Lord Howe Island, Middleton Reef and Norfolk Island; 10 – 84 m.	en	Schnabel, Kareen E., Ahyong, Shane T. (2019): The squat lobster genus Phylladiorhynchus Baba, 1969 in New Zealand and eastern Australia, with description of six new species. Zootaxa 4688 (3): 301-347, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4688.3.1
03E48785737EFFE2FF25B68EFCC2FE6C.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Phylladiorhynchus triginta n. sp. belongs to the ‘ integrirostris’ group with a single pair of epigastric spines; differences from both P. integrirostris and P. spinosus n. sp. are discussed under the former above. Considering the variability of the epigastric spines observed, particularly in small specimens of P. pusillus, these two species can be difficult to separate. Diagnostic differences, apart from the number of epigastric spines (two pairs in P. pusillus; one pair in P. triginta), are in the condition of the mesial spine on antennal article 2 (distinct in P. pusillus; indistinct in P. triginta), the shape of the anterior margin of thoracic sternite 3 (distinctly convex in P. pusillus; biconcave and medially produced in P. triginta), and the spination of the base of the cheliped dactylus (one proximal spine in P. pusillus; more than one spine in P. triginta).	en	Schnabel, Kareen E., Ahyong, Shane T. (2019): The squat lobster genus Phylladiorhynchus Baba, 1969 in New Zealand and eastern Australia, with description of six new species. Zootaxa 4688 (3): 301-347, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4688.3.1
