identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03E787EDFFCFFFAC3D9342AE6D52D07C.text	03E787EDFFCFFFAC3D9342AE6D52D07C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Stylopoma Levinsen 1909	<div><p>Genus Stylopoma Levinsen, 1909</p><p>Type species. Eschara spongites Pallas, 1766 .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E787EDFFCFFFAC3D9342AE6D52D07C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Rodrigues, Maria J. S.;Larré, Igor R. N. M.;Vieira, Leandro M.	Rodrigues, Maria J. S., Larré, Igor R. N. M., Vieira, Leandro M. (2024): Two new species of Stylopoma (Bryozoa, Cheilostomatida) from the Southwestern Atlantic. Zootaxa 5512 (3): 420-434, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5512.3.6, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5512.3.6
03E787EDFFCCFFA83D93430E6C04D4CD.text	03E787EDFFCCFFA83D93430E6C04D4CD.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Stylopoma anacarolinae Rodrigues & Larré & Vieira 2024	<div><p>Stylopoma anacarolinae sp. nov.</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 37249452-1931-4B46-84D9-4276E6BF69DF</p><p>(Figs 2A–F, 3A–F; Tables 1, 2, 3)</p><p>Material examined. Holotype: UFPE 2596, single colony on calcareous nodule (with four fragments mounted on stubs), off <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-36.18889&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-10.277778" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -36.18889/lat -10.277778)">Coruripe</a>, Alagoas, Brazil, 10º16’40’’ S, 36º11’20’’ W, 13 m, coll. 1965 by ‘Akaroa’, stn. 90 . Paratypes: UFPE 241, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-39.995&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-2.8480554" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -39.995/lat -2.8480554)">Taíba</a>, São Gonçalo do Amarante, Ceará, Brazil, 02°50’53” S, 39°59’42’’ W, coll. 2011 ; UFPE 243, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-36.18889&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-10.277778" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -36.18889/lat -10.277778)">Japu</a>, Coruripe, Alagoas, Brazil, 10°16’40’’ S, 36°11’20’’ W, 13 m, coll. 1965 by ‘ Akaroa’, stn. 90 ; UFPE 389, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-35.694447&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-9.652778" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -35.694447/lat -9.652778)">Jatiúca</a>, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil, 09°39’10’’ S, 35°41’40’’ W, 0–3 m, coll. 2003 by L.M. Vieira ; UFPE 3074, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-35.839165&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-9.769722" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -35.839165/lat -9.769722)">Francês</a>, Marechal Deodoro, Alagoas, Brazil, 09°46’11’’ S, 35°50’21’’ W, 0–3 m, coll. 2003 by L.M. Vieira ; UFPE 3075, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-40.40639&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.7" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -40.40639/lat -20.7)">Ilha Escalvada</a>, Guarapari, Espírito Santo, Brazil, 20°42’0’’ S, 40°24’23’’ W, 15 m, coll. 2017 by L.M. Vieira .</p><p>Diagnosis. Stylopoma with frontal shield bearing 66–106 pseudopores; primary orifice with poster wide and deep U-shaped sinus; condyles squared, with smooth edge; 1–2 adventitious avicularia with a subtriangular rostrum; vicarious avicularium sublanceolate; ooecium with pseudoporous surface and one to four small avicularia on its surface.</p><p>Type locality. Off Coruripe, Alagoas, Brazil.</p><p>Etymology. The specific name honors Dra. Ana Carolina Sousa de Almeida (Carol), who helped the authors with comparative material during the master’s thesis of the first author.</p><p>Description. Colony encrusting, unilaminar to multilaminar. Autozooids rectangular to irregularly polygonal (Figs 2A, 3A), limited by shallow lateral walls (Figs 2B, 3B). Frontal shield with some small granules of calcification on the surface (Fig. 3B), 66–106 frontal small pseudopores varying in size throughout the colony, often placed in irregularly polygonal deep cavities on the zooidal surface (Fig. 2B, C), and distinctly large, elongated marginal pores with secondary calcification; umbo absent. Primary orifice with anter transversely D-shaped (Figs 2B, C; 3B), wider than long, with a smooth distal rim and poster with a wide and deep U-shaped median sinus (0.032 –0.049 mm length x 0.026 –0.041 mm width) about 1/3 of the orifice length; a pair of slightly projected square condyles (0.008 –0.014 mm length x 0.014 –0.022 mm width), with smooth margins. Secondary orifice slightly raised, with nodular calcification around the primary orifice (Fig. 3B). Adventitious avicularium small (0.051 –0.075 mm length x 0.035 –0.054 mm width) (Figs 2B, C; 3B), single or paired, placed proximolateral to the orifice or sub-oral (Figs 2C; 3B), distolaterally oriented; 1–2 frontal avicularia, placed below the orifice (Fig. 2B) or adjacent to the zooidal margins, irregularly oriented; avicularia with subtriangular rostrum, a thin and complete crossbar and an elliptical foramen. Vicarious avicularia large (0.366 –0.449 mm length x 0.105 –0.137 mm width) (Figs 2D; 3C), sometimes larger than the autozooid, rostrum sublanceolate (but sometimes almost panduriform); palate incomplete medially and distally, fusing at the distal third and leaving a median and a distal foramen; foramen elliptical and elongated; complete crossbar. Vicarious kenozooids may be present between autozooids (Fig. 3A). Ovicells prominent (Figs 2E, F; 3D–F), obscuring the orifice of the maternal zooid; ooecium globose, slightly flattened frontally (Fig. 3E), with more pseudopores compared to the frontal shield; one to four small adventitious avicularia of the same morphology as the others on the ooecial surface (Figs 2E, F; 3D–F); opening of the ooecium semicircular, with a joined proximal labellum (Fig. 3E, F).</p><p>Remarks. In some colonies of Stylopoma anacarolinae sp. nov., most autozooids lack adventitious avicularia, which may represent ontogenetic variability (Fig. 3A). In these colonies, orifice and sinus shapes serve as useful characters to give a more confident identification.</p><p>Autozooids of S. anacarolinae sp. nov. have an orifice with a D-shaped anter and poster with a U-shaped sinus, a characteristic shared with ten other Stylopoma species. However, S. anacarolinae sp. nov. is distinguished from other species with a U-shaped sinus in having a pair of squared condyles. Among the species described from Brazil, at least four, namely S. aurantiacum, S. hastata, S. multiavicularia and S. variabilis, have orifices with a U-shaped sinus. Besides differences in the shape of the condyles (triangular in S. hastata, and subrectangular in S. aurantiacum, S. multiavicularia and S. variabilis), these species are distinguished from S. anacarolinae sp. nov. by the width of the sinus, which is broader in Stylopoma anacarolinae sp. nov. compared to the congeners (Canu &amp; Bassler 1928a; Ramalho et al. 2018; Rodrigues et al. 2020).</p><p>Morphologically, S. faceluciae, described from Brazil (Costa dos Coqueiros and Todos os Santos Bay; Rodrigues et al. 2020) resembles S. anacarolinae sp. nov. due to the presence of an orifice with squared condyles and sublanceolate vicarious avicularia. However, it can be distinguished from the latter by the shape of the sinus (teardrop-shaped in S. faceluciae and broadly U-shaped in S. anacarolinae sp. nov.).</p><p>Distribution. Endemic; known from NE and SE Brazil (Ceará, Alagoas and Espírito Santo), 0–15 m depth, growing on hard substrates (calcareous nodules and stones).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E787EDFFCCFFA83D93430E6C04D4CD	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Rodrigues, Maria J. S.;Larré, Igor R. N. M.;Vieira, Leandro M.	Rodrigues, Maria J. S., Larré, Igor R. N. M., Vieira, Leandro M. (2024): Two new species of Stylopoma (Bryozoa, Cheilostomatida) from the Southwestern Atlantic. Zootaxa 5512 (3): 420-434, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5512.3.6, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5512.3.6
03E787EDFFC7FFA53D9340AE6E3AD331.text	03E787EDFFC7FFA53D9340AE6E3AD331.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Stylopoma priscilae Rodrigues & Larré & Vieira 2024	<div><p>Stylopoma priscilae sp. nov.</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: C46428D4-07DB-421F-A231-892D928B86BF</p><p>(Fig. 4A–F; Tables 1, 2, 3)</p><p>Material examined. Holotype: UFPE 213, single laminar colony with some fragmented pieces (two fragments mounted on stubs), off <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-39.733334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-2.2666667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -39.733334/lat -2.2666667)">Itarema</a>, Ceará, Brazil, 02º16’ S, 39º44’ W, 75 m, coll. 1965–1966 by ‘Canopus’, stn. 8.</p><p>Diagnosis. Stylopoma with frontal shield bearing 24–51 pseudopores; primary orifice with a teardrop-shaped poster sinus; condyles well-developed, tab-like, slightly striated; 2–3 adventitious avicularia with a long and acute-subtriangular rostrum; vicarious avicularia spatulate; ooecium globular, pseudoporous, with 10–12 adventitious avicularia on its surface.</p><p>Type locality. Off Itarema, Ceará, Brazil.</p><p>Etymology. The specific epithet honors Dra. Priscila Araci Grohmann, who donated the type material.</p><p>Description. Colony encrusting, unilaminar to multilaminar, becoming erect, foliaceous, bilaminar, with zooids in both faces. Autozooids subrectangular, limited by distinct sutures (Fig. 4A, B). Frontal shield nodulose with 24–51 small pseudopores, sometimes immersed in secondary calcification forming sets of two to three pseudopores; umbo absent (Fig. 4B). Primary orifice with anter transversely D-shaped (Fig. 4C), almost as long as wide, with a smooth distal margin and poster with a teardrop-shaped sinus (0.038 –0.049 mm length x 0.024 –0.033 mm width), about 1/4 of orifice length; condyles tab-like (0.014 –0.028 mm length x 0.014 –0.049 mm width), occupying most of the proximal border on each side of the sinus, distal margin smooth and frontally striated. Secondary orifice poorly developed, with nodular calcification around the primary orifice. Adventitious avicularium (0.092 –0.138 mm length x 0.029 – 0.054 mm width) elongated (Fig. 4A–D), 2–3 per zooid: a single latero-oral one often present (Fig. 4C), inclined to the frontal plane, often distolaterally directed; one or two additional avicularia on the frontal shield (Fig. 4A), with variable orientation and position; rostrum acute, subtriangular, a complete crossbar and an elliptical foramen. Vicarious avicularium variable in length (0.249 –0.364 mm length x 0.083 –0.117 mm width) (Fig. 4A, D), as long or slightly larger than an autozooid, proximally semicircular, rostrum spatulate in frontal view; palate occupying more than half the length of the rostrum, incomplete medially; foramen elliptical and elongated; complete crossbar. Vicarious kenozooids with adventitious avicularia may be present between autozooids (Fig. 4B). Ovicells prominent (Fig. 4E, F), obscuring the orifice of the maternal zooid; ooecium globose, with the same morphology as the frontal shield; 10–12 adventitious avicularia of the same morphology as the others on the ooecial surface; opening of the ooecium obscured in frontal view, semicircular, with a joined proximal labellum (Fig. 4F).</p><p>Remarks. The holotype here described and figured consists of the sole colony of S. priscilae sp. nov. (with fragmented pieces) found among over 5,000 bryozoan specimens collected by the ‘Akaroa’ and ‘Canopus’ from NE Brazil.</p><p>The autozooids of S. priscilae sp. nov. have an orifice with anter D-shaped and poster with a teardrop-shaped sinus, a characteristic shared with twelve other species of Stylopoma . However, S. priscilae sp. nov. is distinguished from other species with a teardrop-shaped sinus by having a pair of tab-like condyles occupying most of the proximal border on each side of the sinus.</p><p>Among the species described for Brazil, at least three, S. corallinum, S. faceluciae and S. rotundum, have orifices with a teardrop-shaped sinus. In addition to the differences in the shape of the condyles (rectangular in S. corallinum and squared in S. faceluciae and S. rotundum), these species are distinguished from S. priscilae sp. nov. by the adventitious avicularia (acute-subtriangular in S. priscilae sp. nov., rhombic in S. corallinum; subtriangular in S. faceluciae and elliptical in S. rotundum) (Winston et al. 2014; Rodrigues et al. 2020).</p><p>Among the remaining Stylopoma species worldwide, at least nine, S. haywardi Winston &amp; Woollacott, 2009, S. horarium Tilbrook, 2006, S. inchoans Tilbrook, 2000, S. informata, S. lacrima Tilbrook, 2001, S. magnistilla Tilbrook, 2001, S. magnovicellata Silén, 1954, S. smitti and S. spongites, have an orifice with a teardrop-shaped sinus. Stylopoma priscilae sp. nov. is distinguished by having an orifice with tab-like condyles (rectangular in S. haywardi, S. horarium, S. inchoans, S. informata, S. lacrima and S. magnistilla; subrectangular in S. smitti and S. spongites) and a large acute-subtriangular adventitious avicularium (short and subtriangular in S. magnovicellata) (Di Martino 2023; Tilbrook 2000, 2001, 2006; Winston 2005; Winston &amp; Woollacott 2009; Rodrigues et al. 2020).</p><p>Morphologically, S. multiavicularia, described from Brazil (Costa dos Coqueiros, Bahia; Rodrigues et al. 2020) resembles S. priscilae sp. nov. as it is the only other species in Brazil with a subtriangular acute adventitious avicularium. However, it can be distinguished by the teardrop-shaped sinus (U-shaped in S. multiavicularia).</p><p>Distribution. Endemic; known only from the type locality off Itarema, Ceará, Brazil, 75 m depth, on rhodolith.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E787EDFFC7FFA53D9340AE6E3AD331	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Rodrigues, Maria J. S.;Larré, Igor R. N. M.;Vieira, Leandro M.	Rodrigues, Maria J. S., Larré, Igor R. N. M., Vieira, Leandro M. (2024): Two new species of Stylopoma (Bryozoa, Cheilostomatida) from the Southwestern Atlantic. Zootaxa 5512 (3): 420-434, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5512.3.6, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5512.3.6
