identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03E6B3090755FFB2FF45CF06EF9A3DA2.text	03E6B3090755FFB2FF45CF06EF9A3DA2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Protimesius	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Key to males of  Protimesius species (Modified from Kury &amp; Pinto-da-Rocha, 2008) </p>
            <p> Remark: Males of  P. coxalis (Roewer, 1931) and  P. palpalis are unknown. </p>
            <p>1. Femur IV without tubercles.............................................................................. 2</p>
            <p>- Femur IV tuberculate................................................................................. 3</p>
            <p> 2. Tibia IV armed with two ventroapical tubercles (Pinto-da-Rocha, 2000, fig. 3)..............................  P. apiacas</p>
            <p> - Tibia IV unarmed (Pinto-da-Rocha, 1997, fig. 401)...............................................  P. longipalpis</p>
            <p>3. Trochanter IV with one dorsal, long and acute tubercle (Fig. 2 A)................................................ 4</p>
            <p>- Trochanter IV without an acute and long tubercle............................................................ 6</p>
            <p>4. Femur IV with ventral row of tubercles.................................................................... 5</p>
            <p> - Femur IV without ventral row of tubercles (Fig. 3 D)..............................................  P. jirau sp. nov.</p>
            <p> 5. One ventral row of similar-sized tubercles of on ventral femur IV; dorsal region smooth........................  P. cirio</p>
            <p> - Two ventral rows of tubercles on femur IV (longer tubercles on middle); dorsal region with one row (Pinto-da-Rocha, 1997, figs 392 and 393)...............................................................................  P. laevis</p>
            <p>6. Patella IV with a dorsal row of tubercles (at least four)....................................................... 7</p>
            <p>- Patela IV without a dorsal row of tubercles................................................................ 12</p>
            <p>7. Tibia IV with a dorsal row of acute tubercles................................................................ 8</p>
            <p>- Tibia IV without dorsal tubercles........................................................................ 10</p>
            <p>8. Tibia IV with ventral row of tubercles (continuous with the apical retrolateral row) (Pinto-da-Rocha, 1997, fig. 377)....... 9</p>
            <p> - Tibia IV without ventral row of tubercles (only the apical retrolateral row) (Fig. 2 D)...................  P. regalo sp. nov.</p>
            <p> 9. Tibia IV with one dorsal row of tubercles from the base almost to the apex; prosoma with medio-anterior mound (Pinto-da- Rocha, 1997, figs 371 and 376).................................................................  P. evelineae</p>
            <p> - Tibia IV with one dorsal row of tubercles on 1/3 basal; prosoma without medio-anterior mound (Pinto-da-Rocha, 1997, figs 371 and 376)..............................................................................  P. foliadereis</p>
            <p>10. Femur IV with ventral row of tubercles................................................................... 11</p>
            <p> - Femur IV without ventral row of tubercles (Pinto-da-Rocha &amp; Villareal-Manzanilla, 2009, fig. 9).............  P. bahiensis</p>
            <p> 11. Femur IV with ventral row small tubercles on 1/5 apex (Pinto-da-Rocha, 1997, fig. 392)..................  P. amplichelis</p>
            <p> - Femur IV with one ventral retrolateral row of tubercles on2/3 apical (Villareal-Manzanilla &amp; Pinto-da-Rocha, 2006, fig.21).............................................................................................  P. boibumba</p>
            <p> 12. Tibia IV clavate; femur IV with two small lateral rows of tubercles at base (Villareal-Manzanilla &amp; Pinto-da-Rocha, 2006, fig. 13)...........................................................................................  P. junina</p>
            <p>- Tibia IV cylindrical and femur without lateral rows of tubercles at base......................................... 13</p>
            <p>13. Tibia IV without tubercles.............................................................................. 14</p>
            <p>- Tibia IV tuberculate................................................................................. 16</p>
            <p> 14. Femur IV very tuberculate in all regions (Pinto-da-Rocha 1997, figs 408 and 409)......................  P. mendopticus</p>
            <p>- Femur IV only with tubercles on ventro-apical region or smooth.............................................. 15</p>
            <p>15. Femur IV with tubercles on ventro-apical region (Villareal-Manzanilla &amp; Pinto-da-Rocha,2006, fig. 35)....... P. c a r n a v a l</p>
            <p>- Femur IV smooth............................................................................ P. o s v a l d o i</p>
            <p> 16. Leg IV short (30 mm) and tuberculate on all sides (Pinto-da-Rocha 1997, fig. 378).........................  P. gracilis</p>
            <p>- Leg IV long (37-41 mm) and weakly tuberculate (lateral and dorsal regions of femur and tibia smooth)................ 17</p>
            <p> 17. One white band on posterior margin of dorsal scute................................................  P. albilineatus</p>
            <p> - Two white spots on posterior margin of dorsal scute.............................................  P. trocaraincola</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E6B3090755FFB2FF45CF06EF9A3DA2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bragagnolo, Cibele	Bragagnolo, Cibele (2013): Two new species of Protimesius from northern Brazil (Opiliones: Laniatores: Stygnidae). Zootaxa 3620 (2): 283-292, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3620.2.6
03E6B3090754FFB4FF45C8FAEB153C99.text	03E6B3090754FFB4FF45C8FAEB153C99.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Protimesius regalo	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Protimesius regalo sp. nov.</p>
            <p>(Figs. 2 A–G; 4A–C; 5)</p>
            <p> Protimesius evelinae (part): Kury et al 2010: 567, fig. 2d (misidentification). </p>
            <p> Remarks. Kury et al. (2010), in an expedition to State of Tocantins for the Project “Aracnídeos e Miriápodes da Mata Atlântica” (AMMA) collected several individuals of  Stygnidae , identified as  Protimesius evelinae Soares &amp; Soares. I have reviewed this material and was able to confirm the misidentification. The specimens are herein designated as paratypes. </p>
            <p>Types data: Brazil, Tocantins state, Lajeado (UHE Luis Eduardo Magalhães), IV. 2002, D. Pavan leg. 3 holotype (MZSP 30253); idem, Porto Nacional, (Luzimangue), 13.IV. 2007, A. Kury et al. leg. Paratypes (MNRJ 0 7587, 18 3 10 Ƥ and MZSP 49298 Ƥ).</p>
            <p>Etymology. The specific name means “gift” in Italian and refers to Ricardo Pinto-da-Rocha, who kindly offered me the opportunity to study the specimens herein designated as holotype.</p>
            <p> Diagnosis: The new species differs from the other species of the genus by the presence of a dorso apical tubercle on fermur IV. It is is similar to  P. evelineae Soares &amp; Soares and  P. foliadereis Villarreal-Manzanilla &amp; Pinto-da-Rocha, due to the presence of a dorsal and an apical retrolateral row of acute tubercles on male tibia IV. It differs from these species due to the absence of a ventral row of tubercles on male tibia IV, and the presence of two dorsal rows of tubercles on male patella IV. </p>
            <p>Description of male holotype (MZSP 30253): Measurements: Dorsal scute length 4.6; prosoma length 2.2; dorsal scute width 3.9; prosoma width 3.7; interocular distance 2.8.</p>
            <p>Dorsum (Fig. 2 A, B): Prosoma: anterior margin with two tubercles on each side; with low and tuberculated anterior eminence. Ocularium and lateral margin smooth. Area I longitudinally divided, with two small tubercles each side. Area II with four small tubercles. Area III with two parallel spiniform apophysis and one row of 2–3 small tubercles on each side near posterior groove. Posterior margin with a row of 11 small tubercles; free tergite I with a row of 12 small tubercles, II with 18, III with 4.</p>
            <p>Venter: Coxa I with a median row of nine tubercles, two apical; II with a median row of six tubercles; III and IV irregularly minutely tuberculated. Free sternites I–III with a row of minute granules. Anal plate covered irregularly with minute granules.</p>
            <p>Chelicera: Swollen. Segment I smooth; II with one median and three small distal teeth; III with two distal teeth.</p>
            <p>Pedipalpus (Fig. 2 F, G): Coxa with large dorso-basal apophysis and tree ventral pointed tubercles. Trochanter with one ventral and one dorsal tubercles. Femur with one ventro-basal tubercle. Patella unarmed. Tibia mesal IIiII, ectal IIiIi; Tarsus mesal IiIiii; ectal iIiiii.</p>
            <p>Legs (Fig. 2 C–E): Coxa I with two dorsal tubercles; II with one large, anterior and two posterior dorsal tubercles; III with one dorsal apical tubercle; IV dorsally minutely tuberculated. Trochanter I–II smooth, III with two dorsal tubercles; IV with one dorsal and two ventral tubercles. Femora I–III smooth; IV with one dorso-apical spiniform apophysis; one prolatero-apical row of seven tubercles; one retrolateral row of five tubercles on distal part. Patela IV with two dorsal rows of tubercles, one dorsal and one ventroapical spiniform apophysis. Tibia IV with one dorsal row of nine tubercles; one retrolateral row with four spiniform tubercles on distal 2/3; one large bifid retrolateral and one prolateral apical apophysis. Tarsal segmentation: 8:23:6:7.</p>
            <p>Penis (Fig. 4 A–C): ventral plate with lateral and distal margin concave, with two distal pairs of long curved setae and one short pair; three basal pairs of setae; dorsal process present; stylus swollen apically.</p>
            <p>Color: In alcohol mostly yellowish brown.</p>
            <p>Female. Paratype (MZSP 49298): Measurements: Dorsal scute length 4.7; prosoma length 2.1; dorsal scute width 4.0; prosoma width 3.5; interocular distance 2.5.</p>
            <p>Similar to male, except for: chelicera not swollen; prosoma with lower anterior eminence. Pedipalpal tibia mesal IiiIi, ectal IIiIi; tarsus mesal IiIiIi, ectal Iiii. Legs finely granular; femur IV smooth; tibia IV with a small dorsal pointed apical tubercle.</p>
            <p>Distribution. State of Tocantins, Brazil.</p>
            <p> Biology. Fig. 5 shows an aggregation of  Protimesius regalo sp. nov. found under the litter death leaf (Pérez- Gonzáléz, pers. com.), in Porto Nacional, State of Tocantins, Brazil. As recorded for other arthropods (Rasa 1997), harvestmen aggregations are more commonly found during dry and cold periods or in xeric environments, such as Tocantins (central western-Brazil). In this environment, the gregarious habit could have a very important adaptive value, likely reducing evaporation among grouped individuals. Moreover, harvestmen aggregations are generally more frequently found during the day (Machado &amp; Macías-Ordóñez 2007). Likewise, the individuals of  Protimesius regalo sp. nov. were aggregated under the litter during the day, and during the night they dispersed for foraging. This behavior was observed also in captivity (A. Pérez-González pers. comm.). For Laniatores, the records of aggregations are restricted to cavities in the ground or tree trunks, inside the caves or under the rocks (see table 11.1 in Machado &amp; Macías-Ordóñez 2007). The only other record of aggregation in  Stygnidae is from  Protimesius longipalpis (Roewer, 1943) found inside cavities of tree trunks (Machado &amp; Macías-Ordóñez 2007). Thus, this is the second record of aggregation for  Stygnidae and, among the Laniatores, the first record found in forest litter. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E6B3090754FFB4FF45C8FAEB153C99	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bragagnolo, Cibele	Bragagnolo, Cibele (2013): Two new species of Protimesius from northern Brazil (Opiliones: Laniatores: Stygnidae). Zootaxa 3620 (2): 283-292, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3620.2.6
03E6B3090752FFB7FF45C9F8E8EC3E91.text	03E6B3090752FFB7FF45C9F8E8EC3E91.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Protimesius jirau	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Protimesius jirau sp. nov.</p>
            <p>(Figs. 3 A–I; 4D–F)</p>
            <p>Types data: Brazil, Rondonia state, Porto Velho (Caiçara), 27.II.2010, M.C. Silveira leg. [3 holotype (MZSP 33199), paratypes (MZSP 33119, 2Ƥ 23; MNRJ 0 7215, 1Ƥ 13)].</p>
            <p> Etymology. The specific name “  jirau ”, a noun in apposition, originates from the Tupi language and makes reference to the “  Jirau Hydroelectric Station”, locality where the species was collected. </p>
            <p> Diagnosis: This species is similar to P. c ir io Villareal-Manzanilla &amp; Pinto-da-Rocha and  P. laevis (Sorensen, 1932) by the presence of a large, pointed, dorso-apical apophysis on male trochanter IV. It differs from the others species of  Protimesius due to the absence of a ventral row of tubercles on male femur IV—present in all species of the genus except  P. longipalpis and P. a p i a c a s — and the presence of a ventrobasal curved apophysis on femur IV. </p>
            <p>Description of male (holotype MZSP 33199): Measurements: Dorsal scute length 4.7; prosoma length 2.1; dorsal scute width 3.85; prosoma width 3.8; interocular distance 2.3.</p>
            <p>Dorsum (Fig. 3 A, B). Prosoma: anterior margin smooth, with low anterior eminence with two tubercles. Ocularium and lateral margin smooth. Area I divided, smooth. Area II smooth. Area III with two high parallel spiniform apophysis. Posterior margin straight and smooth; free tergites I–III smooth.</p>
            <p>Venter: Coxa I with a median row of four tubercles; II with a median row of five tubercles, two apical; III and IV irregularly and minutely tuberculated. Free sternites I–III with a row of minute granules. Anal plate covered irregularly with minute granules.</p>
            <p>Chelicera: Swollen. Segments I–II smooth; III with two distal teeth.</p>
            <p>Pedipalpus (Fig. 3 H, I). Coxa with large dorso-basal apophysis and three pointed tubercles; ventral with three pointed tubercles. Trochanter with one ventral tubercle. Femur with one ventro-basal tubercle. Patella unarmed. Tibia mesal IIiIi, ectal IIiIi; Tarsus mesal IiIiIi; ectal IiiIi.</p>
            <p>Legs (Fig. 3 C–G): Coxa I with two dorsal tubercles; II with two dorsal tubercles, one anterior and one larger, posterior; III with one dorsal apical tubercle; IV dorsally minutely tuberculated. Trochanter I–III smooth, IV with two ventral tubercles and one pointed dorso-apical apophysis. Femora I–III smooth, IV with a ventro-basal curved apophysis and a basal retrolateral row of seven tubercles. Patella IV with a pointed ventro-apical apophysis. Tibia IV with one retrolateral row with nine tubercles on distal 2/3; one bifid prolateral and one large retrolateral apical apophysis. Tarsal segmentation: 8:20:7:8.</p>
            <p>Penis (Fig. 4 D–F): ventral plate with lateral and distal margin straight, with three distal pairs of long curved setae and one intermediary short pair; six basal pairs of setae; dorsal process present; stylus serrate apically.</p>
            <p>Color: In alcohol mostly yellowish brown, apophyses of area III dark brown.</p>
            <p>Female (Paratype MZSP 33119): Measurements: Dorsal scute length 4.7; prosoma length 2.0; dorsal scute width 4.0; prosoma width 3.5; interocular distance 2.0.</p>
            <p>Similar to male, except for: Chelicera not swollen; prosoma without low anterior eminence. Pedipalpal tibia mesal IiiIi, ectal IIiIi; tarsus mesal IiIiIi, ectal Iiii. Legs finely granular; femur IV smooth.</p>
            <p>Distribution: Known only for the type-locality.</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E6B3090752FFB7FF45C9F8E8EC3E91	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bragagnolo, Cibele	Bragagnolo, Cibele (2013): Two new species of Protimesius from northern Brazil (Opiliones: Laniatores: Stygnidae). Zootaxa 3620 (2): 283-292, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3620.2.6
