identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03DE87CEFC70FFB3ACBFFDC0FAC271C6.text	03DE87CEFC70FFB3ACBFFDC0FAC271C6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Procladius Skuse	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
    <body>
        <div>
            <p> Procladius Skuse</p>
            <p> Seven species of  Procladius were found in the light traps from Lake Winnipeg. Of these, however, two species were never caught with certainty in the bottom samples. The other five belonged to the most common species of the benthos (Fig. 1). </p>
            <p> Adults of all five common species were caught from the beginning of June to the middle of September (Figs. 3, 5, 7, 9, 11). Pupae or first and second instars of  P. culiciformis were present from early June to early October (Fig. 5), in early June to early September for  P. freemani (Fig. 9), from early June to end of August for  P. denticulatus (Fig. 7), in June and July for  P. sublettei (Fig. 11), and in July for  P. bellus (Fig. 3). </p>
            <p> The individual species within the genus  Procladius are among the most difficult to determine within the  Tanypodinae both as imagines and as immatures. Kobayashi (1998) showed that body size and male genital structures varied seasonally in  Procladius choreus (Meigen) . The smallest imagines, which were observed in summer, were reduced to about 60 % of the largest ones in wing length, while the gonostylus had a longer posterior heel in spring and fall. Since the length and shape of the gonostylus heel is used as one of the important genital characters in discriminating species of  Procladius the separation of several species becomes doubtful. About 20 species of  Procladius are known from the Nearctic region and more than 60 from the Palaearctic region many of them likely synonyms. The genus is in urgent need of taxonomic revision especially of species outside the Nearctic region. </p>
        </div>
    </body>
</html>
	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DE87CEFC70FFB3ACBFFDC0FAC271C6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Saether, Ole A.	Saether, Ole A. (2010): Procladius Skuse from Lake Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, with keys to some females and immature stages of the genus (Diptera: Chironomidae). Zootaxa 2726: 34-58, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.200030
03DE87CEFC70FFB2ACBFFAB1FBF672F5.text	03DE87CEFC70FFB2ACBFFAB1FBF672F5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Procladius (Psilotanypus) bellus (Loew) Loew	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
    <body>
        <div>
            <p> Procladius (Psilotanypus) bellus (Loew)</p>
            <p>(Figs 2; 3; 12 A, G; 13 A, F, H, K; 14 A, D, I, J)</p>
            <p> Tanypus bellus Loew, 1866: 4 . </p>
            <p> Procladius bellus (Loew) , Johannsen 1905: 132.  Tanypus pusillus Loew, 1866: 5 . </p>
            <p> Procladius adumbratus Johannsen, 1905: 132 . </p>
            <p> Prothenthes riparius Malloch, 1915: 389 . </p>
            <p> Procladius flavidus Kieffer, 1923: 297 . </p>
            <p> Procladius malifero Garrett, 1925: 10 . </p>
            <p> Procladius (Psilotanypus) bellus (Loew) , Sublette 1964: 111; Roback 1971: 162, 19., 1980: 31; Saether 1977: 48. </p>
            <p>Material examined. CANADA: Manitoba, Lake Winnipeg, Victoria Beach, 8 males, 9.vii. &amp; 25.vii. 1969; Pine Dock, 20 males, 10.vii. &amp; 31, vii. 1969; 0.5 km off George Island, 1 male, 11.vii. 1969; 3 km off Grand Rapids, 1 male, 13.vii. 1969; 3 km off McCreary Island, 3 males, 15.vii. 1969; Gull Harbor, 16 males, 16.vii. 1969; Grand Rapids Government Wharf, 3 males, 28, vii. 1969; McBeth Harbor, 1 male, 30.vii. 1969; Beaver Point, 12 males, 30.vi. &amp; 19.viii. 1971; 20 Mile Creek, 11 males, 26.viii. &amp; 1.ix. 1971; Old Fishing Dock, 34 males, 24.vi.–8.ix. 1971; Calders Dock, 2 males, 5.viii. 1971; Hecla Island, 11 males, 27.vii.–25.viii. 1971; Beaver Creek, 28 males from emergence traps, 4 reared from larvae, 8.vi–8.viii. 1971; outer buoy of Red River, 2 males reared from larvae, 9.vii. 1969; east of Elk Island, 1 male reared from larva, 10.vii. 1969; 13 km southeast of Pearson Reef, l female reared from larva, 10.vii. 1969; north of outer buoy of Red River, 1 female reared from larva, 24.vii. 1969; South Basin, 86 larvae, 1 pupa, 4.vi–31.x. 1969; Narrows, 25 larvae, 4.vi–31.x.1969; North Basin, 6 larvae, 4.vi–31.x. 1969.</p>
            <p>There was considerable hypopygial variation; particularly in the gonostylus and in the expression of the inner projection of the gonostylus (Fig. 2 B, C). Although the projection is not described or illustrated in Roback (1971: 165, plate 33), it is persistently present in numerous specimens from Lake Winnipeg. However, since there are also a number of intermediate specimens, this projection is just regarded as part of the normal variation.</p>
            <p>The female lacks setae on anepisternum II, has 7–22 setae on segment X, curved lobe of gonapophysis VIII (Saether 1977 fig. 20 C), and about 2–6 sensilla chaetica on each ta1 of p2 and p3.</p>
            <p>Pupa (n = 9)</p>
            <p>Cephalothorax. Thoracic horn (Fig.12 A) 313–393, 344 µm long; 60–96, 76 µm wide; plastron plate diameter 52–96, 69 µm; apical constriction of horn chamber 26–52, 32 µm wide; length/width of horn 3.81–5.32, 4.58; width of plastron plate /width of horn 0.66–1.04, 0.88; width of plastron plate/ width of constriction 1.73–2.55, 2.21.</p>
            <p>Abdomen. Anal lobe (Fig.12 G) with 19–26, 23 well developed spines along outer margin.</p>
            <p>Fourth instar larva (n = 10, except when otherwise stated)</p>
            <p>Head capsule length 580–724, 650 µm (158) [470–540 µm in Moore &amp; Moore (1978)].</p>
            <p>Head. Antenna as in Fig. 13 A, F. Length of antennal segments 1–5 (µm): 145–163, 155; 14–24, 20; 4–6, 5.5, 2–4, 3; 1–2, 1.5. AR 4.16–5.43, 4.81 [4.4–5.4 in Roback (1980), 4.9–6.2 in Moore &amp; Moore (1978)]. Basal antennal segment 28–32, 30 µm wide; 4.77–5.33, 5.13 times as long as wide; ring organ 0.74–0.81, 0.76 from base; blade 19–31, 25 µm; accessory blade 15–20, 18 µm long. Apical style of second segment 6–10, 8 µm long. Apex of labrum as in Fig. 13 H. Mandible 136–164, 147 µm long)[105–120 µm in Moore &amp; Moore (1978)], 114–148 µm in Roback (1980)]. Maxilla (Fig.14 A) with lamelles of galea and palpifer broad and apparently undivided; maxillary palp (Fig.14 D) 36–44, 40 µm long; 17–18, 18 µm wide; 2.00–2.44, 2.23 times as long as wide. Length of basal antennal segment/length of palp 3.58–4.31, 3.88. Hypopharyngeal pecten (Fig.13 K) with 6–9, 6.7 (13) teeth.</p>
            <p>Abdomen. Claws of posterior parapods with two relatively short and broad claws (Fig. 14 I)</p>
            <p>Distribution and ecology. The species is known from all over North America (Roback 1971: 165) and in all kinds of waters (Roback 1971: 165, 1974: 358; Oliver et al. 1990: 15; Spies 1999; Epler 2003, 2010; Caldwell 2009).</p>
            <p> In Lake Winnipeg the species is less common than the four other dominant species of  Procladius (Fig. 1). The species is much more common in the South Basin and the Narrows than in the north (Fig. 1). Adults were caught from early June to late September (Fig.3) indicating two or more generations a year. </p>
        </div>
    </body>
</html>
	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DE87CEFC70FFB2ACBFFAB1FBF672F5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Saether, Ole A.	Saether, Ole A. (2010): Procladius Skuse from Lake Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, with keys to some females and immature stages of the genus (Diptera: Chironomidae). Zootaxa 2726: 34-58, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.200030
03DE87CEFC76FFB6ACBFF9D2FEE27794.text	03DE87CEFC76FFB6ACBFF9D2FEE27794.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Procladius (Holotanypus) culiciformis	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
    <body>
        <div>
            <p> Procladius (Holotanypus) culiciformis (L.) </p>
            <p>(Figs 4; 5; 12 C,I;13C; 14 B, F, K)</p>
            <p> Tipula culiciformis Linnaeus, 1767: 978 . </p>
            <p> Tanypus crassinervis Zetterstedt, 1838: 817 . </p>
            <p> Prothenthes claripennis Malloch 1915: 387 . </p>
            <p> Procladius choreus Edwards (in part), 1929: 301. </p>
            <p> Procladius (Procladius) culiciformis (L.); Roback 1971: 175, 1980: 38; Saether 1977: 48. </p>
            <p>Material examined. CANADA: Manitoba, Lake Winnipeg, 2 km off Selkirk (Horse) Island, 2 males, 4.vi. 1969; 4 km off Grand Rapids, 1 male, 8.vi. 1969; 0.5 km off George Island, 21 males, 11–12.vi. 1969; 3 km off Grand Rapids, 1 male, 13.vi. 1969; 10 km off (Sturgeonskin point) Long Point, 1 male, 15.vi. 1969; 3 km off McCreary Island, 20 males, 15.vi. 1969; Gimli Government Wharf, 41 males, 24.vi. 1969; 3 km off George Island, 6 males, 27.vi.1969; Grand Rapids Government Wharf, 14 males, 28.vi. 1969; 5 km off Selkirk (Horse) Island, 2 males, 29.vi. 1969; McBeth Harbor, 4 males, 30.vi. 1969; Mukutawa River Buoy, 1 male, 3.ix. 1969; Beaver Point, 7 males, 9.vi. 1971; 20 Mile Creek, 5 males, 26.viii. 1971; Old Fishing Dock, 20 males, 5. &amp; 27.viii. 1971; reared from pupa: north of outer buoy of Red River, 1 male, 4.vi. 1969; 13 km SW Bigstone Point, 1 male, 11.vi. 1969; 26 km east north-east of Grand Rapids, 1 male, 13.vi. 1969; north-northeast of Reindeer Island, 1 female, 15.vi. 1969; 13 km southeast of Bigstone Point, 1 male, 3.ix. 1969; outer buoy of Red River, 1 male, 17.iii. 1970; off Grand Marais Point, 1 male, 17.iii. 1970; South Basin, 396 larvae, 1 pupa, 4.vi–31.x.1969; Narrows, 152 larvae, 1 pupa, 4.vi–31.x.1969; North Basin, 182 larvae, 4.vi–31.x.1969.</p>
            <p> The males of the Lake Winnipeg population (Fig. 4) conform well to the description given by Roback (1971: 177). The only exception is one male with the indication of an anal point (Fig 4 D). This may only be a deformity possibly caused by mermithid infection or it may indicate that an additional species close to  P. culiciformis is present. The female has 6–8 setae on anepisternum II, segment X with 20–30 setae, and 3–8 sensilla chaetica on each ta1 of p2 and p3. </p>
            <p>Pupa (n = 10)</p>
            <p>Cephalothorax. Thoracic horn (Fig.12 C) 350–515, 430 µm long [518–547 µm in Roback (1980)]; 103–160, 119 µm wide; plastron plate diameter 62–104, 94 µm; apical constriction of horn chamber 24–65, 42 µm wide; length/width of horn 3.22–3.96, 3.64; width of plastron plate /width of horn 0.61–0.76, 0.67[0.50–0.57in Roback (1980)]; width of plastron plate/ width of constriction 1.88–3.08, 2.15.</p>
            <p>Abdomen. Anal lobe (Fig. 12 I) with 42–62, 50 spines on outer margin and 7–12, 10 spines on inner margin; dense row of relatively short spines posterolaterally.</p>
            <p>Fourth instar larva (n = 10, except when otherwise stated)</p>
            <p>Head capsule length 650–810, 757 µm (622) [580–680 µm in Moore &amp; Moore (1978)].</p>
            <p>Head. Antenna as in Fig. 13 C. Lengths of antennal segments 1–5 (µm): 155–176, 167; 16–21, 19; 4–7, 5; 2; 2. AR 5.17–6.84, 6.00 [4.2–6.0 in Moore &amp; Moore (1978)]. Basal antennal segment 31–38, 36 µm wide; 4.31–5.15, 4.69 times as long as wide; ring organ 0.67–0.78, 0.73 from base; blade 23–31,26 µm long; accessory blade 18–26, 22 µm long. Apical style of second segment 6–10, 8 µm long. Mandible 162–178, 168 µm long [115–150 µm in Moore &amp; Moore (1978), 192 µm in Roback (1980)]. Maxilla (Fig.14 B) with lamelles of palpifer divided ending in triangular lamelles broadest at apex; lamelles of galea apparently undivided or perhaps with some divided. Maxillary palp (Fig.14 F) 38–48, 42 µm long; 13–16, 14 µm wide; 1.90–2.33, 2.24 times as long as wide. Length of basal antennal segment/length of palp 3.60–4.40, 3.98. Hypopharyngeal pecten with 10–14, 11 teeth.</p>
            <p>Abdomen. Claws of posterior parapods (Fig.14 K) all relatively long and slender.</p>
            <p>Remarks. The anal lobe of the pupa differ from that illustrated by Roback (1980, fig. 178) by having several small spines on the inner margin. However, the inner margin is curved in the same way and Roback had few associated immatures. The immatures from Lake Lacawac, Pennsylvania, are larger than the Lake Winnipeg population, while those from the Great Slave Lake described by Moore &amp; Moore (1978) are generally smaller.</p>
            <p>Distribution and ecology. The species was previously known from all over the Palaearctic Region except for North Africa, from the Near East, and in North America from Northwest Territories, British Columbia and Ontario to Kansas and Florida, California, Nevada and Arizona (Oliver et al. 1990: 15, Spies 1999, Saether &amp; Spies 2004). The species is primarily a northern lake form. The distribution in Lake Winnipeg is shown in Fig. 1, the emergence pattern in Fig. 5.</p>
        </div>
    </body>
</html>
	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DE87CEFC76FFB6ACBFF9D2FEE27794	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Saether, Ole A.	Saether, Ole A. (2010): Procladius Skuse from Lake Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, with keys to some females and immature stages of the genus (Diptera: Chironomidae). Zootaxa 2726: 34-58, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.200030
03DE87CEFC75FFB8ACBFFCA4FF6C7287.text	03DE87CEFC75FFB8ACBFFCA4FF6C7287.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Procladius (Holotanypus) denticulatus Sublette	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
    <body>
        <div>
            <p> Procladius (Holotanypus) denticulatus Sublette</p>
            <p>(Fig. 6 A, B; 7; 12 E, K; 13 D;14 C, G, L)</p>
            <p> Procladius denticulatus Sublette, 1964a (in part): 124. </p>
            <p> Procladius (Procladius) denticulatus Sublette ; Roback, 1971: 189; Roback 1980: 47; Saether 1977: 48. </p>
            <p>Material examined. CANADA: Manitoba, Lake Winnipeg, 0.5 km off George Island, 203 males, 11&amp; 12.vii. 1969; 3 km off Grand Rapids, 24 males, 13.vii. 1969; 10 km off (Sturgeonskin point) Long Point, 73 males, 14.vii. 1969; 3 km off McCreary Island, 14 males, 15.vii. 1969; Gimli Government Wharf, 8 males, 24.vii. 1969; 3 km off George Island, 320 males, 27.vii. 1969; Grand Rapids Government Wharf, 2 males, 28.vii. 1969; McBeth Harbor, 59 males, 30.vii. 1969; Pine Dock, 1 male, 31.vii. 1969; Hnausa Government Wharf, 1 male, 8.ix. 1969; Gimli Government Wharf, 4 males, 9.ix. 1969; Old Fishing Dock, 2 males, 16.vi. &amp; 21.vii. 1969; emergence traps: Beaver Creek, 5 males, 9.vi. –14.vii. 1971; rearings: 10 km east southeast of Pearson Reef, 1 male, 5.vi. 1969; 24 km south-southeast of Long Point, 1 male, 10.vi. 1969; east-southeast of outer buoy Red River, 1 male, 9.vi. 1969; Saskatchewan River Buoy, 1 male, 13.vii. 1969; 35 km east-northeast of Sturgeon, 1 female, 14.vii. 1969; Outer buoy of Red River, 1 female, 17.iii. 1970; north of outer buoy Red River, 1 male, 17.iii. 1970; 12 km east-northeast of Winnipeg Beach, 1 male, 17.iii. 1969; South Basin, 148 larvae, 4.vi–31.x.1969; Narrows, 54 larvae, 4.vi– 31.x.1969; North Basin, 226 larvae, 4.vi–31.x.1969.</p>
            <p>The males all conform to the description given by Roback (1971: 189). The gonostylus (Fig. 6 B, C) varies between resembling mostly the Minnesota population (Roback 1971, fig. 370) and resembling the Québec population (Roback 1971, fig. 372).</p>
            <p>The females have 0–5 setae on anepisternum II, segment X with about 56–58 setae, and 9–14 sensilla chaetica proximally on each ta1 of p2 and p3.</p>
            <p>Pupa (n = 10)</p>
            <p>Cephalothorax. Thoracic horn (Fig. 12 E) 393–577, 469 µm long; 120–188, 146 µm wide; atrial wall of thoracic horn with reticulate pattern; plastron plate diameter 90–188, 135 µm; apical constriction of horn chamber 42– 94, 70 µm wide; length/width of horn 2.60–13.73, 13.26; width of plastron plate /width of horn 0.71–1.03, 0.90; width of plastron plate/width of constriction 1.64–2.14, 1.95.</p>
            <p>Abdomen. Spinules on T IV relatively large, not grouped (Fig. 12 M). Anal lobe (Fig. 12 K) with 24–32, 28 spines on outer margin; sparse row of long spines posterolaterally; spines at apex either on distinct protuberance or enlarged.</p>
            <p>Fourth instar larva (n = 10, except when otherwise stated)</p>
            <p>Head capsule length 860–1060, 949 µm (356)[790–1050µm in Moore &amp; Moore (1978)].</p>
            <p>Head. Antennal apex as in Fig.13 D. Lengths of antennal segments 1–5 (µm): 194–220, 211; 24–27, 25; 7–10, 8; 3–4, 4; 2–3, 2. AR 5.11–6.11, 5.60)[5.4–7.5 in Moore &amp; Moore (1978)]. Basal antennal segment 32–41, 39 µm wide; 5.10–6.44, 5.50 times as long as wide; ring organ 0.66–0.80, 0.73 from base; blade 34–42, 38 µm; accessory blade 26–30, 29 µm long. Apical style of second segment 6–9, 8 µm long. Mandible 200–232, 217 µm long [175– 225 µm in Moore &amp; Moore (1978), 167–200 µm in Roback (1980)]. Maxilla (Fig. 14 C) with lamelles of palpifer and some lamelles of galea divided. Maxillary palp (Fig. 14 G) 55–74, 62 µm long; 19–23, 21 µm wide; 2.70–3.52, 2.96 times as long as wide. Length of basal antennal segment/length of palp 2.92–3.93, 3.40. Hypopharyngeal pecten with 11–13, 13 teeth.</p>
            <p>Abdomen. Claws of posterior parapods (Fig. 14 L) all relatively long and slender.</p>
            <p> Distribution and ecology. The species was previously known from Sweden (?, Roback 1971: 189), and is widespread Nearctic (Oliver et al. 1990: 15, Spies 1999, Caldwell 2009).  Procladius signatus (Zetterstedt) , which according to Roback (1971: 189) may be a senior synonym is present in Northern Europe and on the New Siberian Islands. The pupa as illustrated by Langton (1991 plate 7f) is very similar to pupa described here. The species apparently is a northern lake form. The distribution in Lake Winnipeg is shown in Fig. 1, the emergence pattern in Fig. 7. </p>
        </div>
    </body>
</html>
	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DE87CEFC75FFB8ACBFFCA4FF6C7287	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Saether, Ole A.	Saether, Ole A. (2010): Procladius Skuse from Lake Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, with keys to some females and immature stages of the genus (Diptera: Chironomidae). Zootaxa 2726: 34-58, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.200030
03DE87CEFC78FFBBACBFFF11FA82725B.text	03DE87CEFC78FFBBACBFFF11FA82725B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Procladius (Holotanypus) freemani Sublette	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
    <body>
        <div>
            <p> Procladius (Holotanypus) freemani Sublette</p>
            <p>(Figs 8 A–C; 12 B, H; 13 B, I, L; 14 E)</p>
            <p> Procladius freemani Sublette, 1964a: 122 . </p>
            <p> Prothenthes choreus ? Malloch, 1915: 387. </p>
            <p> Procladius (Procladius) freemani Sublette ; Roback 1971: 170, 1980: 36; Saether 1977: 48. </p>
            <p>Material examined. CANADA: Manitoba, Lake Winnipeg, Victoria Beach, 10 males, 9.vii. &amp; 25.vii. 1969; Pine Dock, 20 males, 2 females, 10.vii. 1969; 0.5 km off George Island, 5 males, 11.vii. 1969; 3 km off Grand Rapids, 61 males, 13.vii. 1969; 10 km off Long Point (Sturgeonskin Point), 1 male, 14.vii. 1969; 3 km off McCreary Island, 2 males, 15.vii. 1969; Gull Harbor, 8 males, 16.vii. 1969; Grand Rapids Government Wharf, 374 males, 28.vii. 1969; 5 km off Selkirk (Horse) Island, 4 males, 29.vii. 1969; Mukutawa River Buoy, 2 males, 3.x. 1969; McBeth Harbor, 1 male, 30.vii. 1969; Beaver Point, 45 males, 30.vi.–19.viii. 1969; 20 Mile Creek, 17 males, 26.viii. &amp; 1.ix. 1969; Old Fishing Dock, 66males, 11. &amp; 18.viii.1969; Calders Dock, 7 males, 5.–31.viii. 1969; Hecla Island, 44 males, 24. –25.viii. 1969; Beaver Creek, emergence trap, 2 males, 19.vii. 1969; off Ironwood Point, 1 male reared from larva, 25.vii.1969; South Basin, 260 larvae, 4.vi.–31.x. 1969; Narrows, 182 larvae, 4.vi.–31.x.1969; North Basin, 261 larvae, 2 pupae, 4.vi.–31.x. 1969.</p>
            <p>The gonostylus of the Lake Winnipeg specimens (Fig. 8 C) appear to be most similar to the Saskatchewan and Wisconsin specimens illustrated by Roback (1971 figs. 280–281). Also the male scutum (Fig. 8 B) appears to be close to the Wisconsin population (Roback 1971 fig.295). The tentorium, stipes and cibarial pump appear in Fig. 8A.</p>
            <p>The female lacks setae on anepisternum II, has about 25 setae on segment X and about 9–14 sensilla chaetica proximally on each ta1 of p2 and p3.</p>
            <p>Pupa (n = 3)</p>
            <p>Cephalothorax. Thoracic horn (Fig. 12 B) 380–442 µm long, 120–128 µm wide, plastron plate diameter 72– 132 µm, apical constriction of horn chamber 32–66 µm wide, length/width of thoracic horn 2.97–3.63, width of thoracic plastron plate /width of horn 0.59–1.10, width of plastron plate/width of constriction 1.94–2.25. Abdomen. Anal lobe (Fig. 12 H) with 32–37 spines along outer margin, medium length spines in relatively sparse row posterolaterally.</p>
            <p>Fourth instar larva (n = 10, except when otherwise stated)</p>
            <p>Head capsule length 570–760, 680 µm (600) [660–780 µm in Moore &amp; Moore (1978)].</p>
            <p> Head. Antenna as in Fig. 13 B. Length of antennal segments (in µm): 152–134, 172; 19–22, 21; 6–8, 7; 2; 2. AR 4.69–6.30, 5.56 [4.00– 6.25 in Roback (1980), 5.4–6.3 in Moore &amp; Moore (1978)]. Basal antennal segment 34– 38, 36 µm wide; 4.22–5.11, 4.79 times as long as wide; ring organ 0.71–0.78, 0.75 from base; blade 24–33, 26 µm; accessory blade 18–26, 23 µm long. Apical style of second segment 5–8, 7 µm long. Apex of labrum as in Fig. 13 I. Mandible 120–138, 132 µm long[140–150 µm in Moore &amp; Moore (1978)], 151–200 µm in Roback (1980)]. Maxilla about as in  P. culiciformis (Fig. 14 B); palp (Fig.14 E) 44–52, 48 µm long; 18–20, 19 µm wide; 2.32–2.78, 2.50 times as long as wide; 2-segmented sensilla basiconica (SBP) shorter than bisensillum (Bs), its basal segment shorter than its apical segment. Length of basal antennal segment/length of palp 3.04–4.05, 3.58. Hypopharyngeal pecten with 11–13, 11.6 (16) teeth. </p>
            <p> Abdomen. Claws of posterior parapods about as in  P. culiciformis (Fig.14 K). </p>
            <p>Distribution and ecology. The species including its varieties is known from all over U. S. A. and Canada (Oliver et al. 1990: 15; Spies 1999; Epler 2003, 2010; Caldwell 2009). In addition to the records by Roback (1971: 171) specimens have been found from Harding Lake, Alaska, Marion Lake, British Columbia and South Indian Lake, Man. The species appears to be primarily a lake species perhaps most common in moderately eutrophic to oligotrophic lakes. The distribution in Lake Winnipeg is shown in Fig. 1, the emergence pattern in Fig. 9.</p>
        </div>
    </body>
</html>
	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DE87CEFC78FFBBACBFFF11FA82725B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Saether, Ole A.	Saether, Ole A. (2010): Procladius Skuse from Lake Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, with keys to some females and immature stages of the genus (Diptera: Chironomidae). Zootaxa 2726: 34-58, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.200030
03DE87CEFC78FFBAACBFF8D2FD2672B4.text	03DE87CEFC78FFBAACBFF8D2FD2672B4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Procladius (Holotanypus) paragretis Roback	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
    <body>
        <div>
            <p> Procladius (Holotanypus) paragretis Roback</p>
            <p>(Figs 8 D, E; 10 D)</p>
            <p> Procladius (Procladius) paragretis Roback, 1971: 185 ; Roback 1980: 38; Saether 1977: 48. </p>
            <p> 8.  Procladius spp., male. A–C.  Procladius (H.) freemani Sublette ; A–cibarial pump, tentorium and stipes; B—tho-rax; C—hypopygium. D–E.  Procladius (H.) paragretis Roback ; D—cibarial pump, tentorium and stipes; E—hypopygium. </p>
            <p>Material examined. CANADA: Manitoba, Lake Winnipeg, 2 km off Selkirk (Horse) Island, light trap, 1 female, 7.vi.1969; Matheson Island to Gimli Government Wharf, 6 males, 24.vii. 1969; Grand Rapids Government Wharf, 3 males, 28.vii. 1969.</p>
            <p> The gonostylus ratio (Fig. 8 E) of the males from Lake Winnipeg is 1.59–2.05, 1.91 (4) and thus an extension of Roback’s measurement for  Procladius gretis Roback (1.58–1.70). In all other details, however, the males conform to  P. paragretis . </p>
            <p> The female probably belonging to  P. paragretis has about 15 setae on anepisternum II, about 34 setae on segment X, and about is 10–14 sensilla chaetica on each ta t of p2 and p3. The genitalia are illustrated in Fig. 10 D. </p>
            <p>Distribution and ecology. Roback (1971: 1.85) records the holotype and allotype from Greenland. The specimens from the northwestern parts of Lake Winnipeg and a female from Feniak Lake, Notak River Basin, Alaska (8/ 7/73, D. Huggins), are the only other records.</p>
        </div>
    </body>
</html>
	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DE87CEFC78FFBAACBFF8D2FD2672B4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Saether, Ole A.	Saether, Ole A. (2010): Procladius Skuse from Lake Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, with keys to some females and immature stages of the genus (Diptera: Chironomidae). Zootaxa 2726: 34-58, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.200030
03DE87CEFC7EFFA3ACBFF8A9FF6E743F.text	03DE87CEFC7EFFA3ACBFF8A9FF6E743F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Procladius (Holotanypus) rugulosus	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
    <body>
        <div>
            <p> Procladius (Holotanypus) rugulosus sp. n.</p>
            <p>(Figs 10 A–C; 12 D, J)</p>
            <p> Procladius (Procladius) ? sp. n. Saether, 1977: 48. </p>
            <p>Type material. Holotype, male, CANADA: Manitoba, Lake Winnipeg, Gull Harbor, 16. vi.1969, P.S.S. Chang (CNC). Paratypes: Old Fishing Dock, light trap, 3 males, 14.vii.1971, E. Johnson, M. Roberts &amp; S. Flam (ZMBN, FWI); Old Fishing Dock, light trap, 2 males, 5.viii.1971, N. Hooper &amp; E. Johnson (ZMBN, FWI); Beaver Creek, emergence trap, 1 male, 29.vi.1971, E. Johnson, M. Roberts &amp; S. Flam (FWI, ZMBN). Other material: Beaver Creek, female reared from pupa, 8.vi.1971, M.P McLean et al. (FWI).</p>
            <p> Diagnostic characters. The male imago is characterized by the rugulose median dorsal surface of the gonocoxite. In other details it closely resembles  P. culiciformis . </p>
            <p>The presumed female has about 3 setae on anepisternum, about 4–5 sensilla chaetica on each ta1 of p2 and p3, and about 40 setae on segment X.</p>
            <p>The presumed pupal exuviae has dark brownish tergites; plastron plate about 1.3 times as wide as apical constriction of horn chamber; thoracic horn about 0.53 mm long; and anal lobe with about 40 spines on outer margin, none on inner margin, and apical spines enlarged, but not set off from remaining spines.</p>
            <p> Etymology. From Latin,  rugulosus , full of wrinkles, referring to the rugulose median dorsal surface of the gonocoxite </p>
            <p>Male imago (n = 5, except when otherwise stated)</p>
            <p>Total length 3.21–3.82, 3.44 mm. Wing length 1.77–1.94, 1.81 mm. Total length/wing length 1.82–1.97, 1.90. Wing length/length of profemur 2.50–2.65, 2.59.</p>
            <p>Head. AR 1.55–1.71, 1.64. Temporals 20–29, 23. Clypeus with 19–22, 21 setae. Cibarial pump, tentorium, and stipes as in Fig.10 A. Tentorium 184–194, 189 µm long. Stipes 150–185 µm long. Palpomere lengths 1–5 (µm): 33–47, 42; 55–74, 67; 80–99, 92; 105–132, 124; 179–215, 203 (4).</p>
            <p>Thorax. Antepronotum with 11–18, 16 setae. Dorsocentrals 22–26, 24; acrostichals 35–40 (2): prealars 11–16, 14; prescutellars 6–9, 7; supraalar 1. Scutellum with 18–28, 23 setae.</p>
            <p>Wing. VR 1.48–1.62, 1.53. Brachiolum with 2 setae; R with 13–18, 17 setae; R1 with 13–17, 15 setae; R4+5 with 19–33, 25 setae. Squama with 30–45, 37 setae. Extended part of costa 105–132, 112 µm long.</p>
            <p>Legs (n = 3–5). Spur of front tibia 47–54, 51 µm long; spurs of middle tibia 41–51, 46 µm and 32–46, 38 µm long, of hind tibia 53–65, 60 µm and 34–43, 37 µm long. Width at apex of front tibia 47–54, 51 µm; of middle tibia 50–58, 54 µm; of hind tibia 61–72, 64 µm. Comb with 11–15, 12 setae; shortest seta 29–35, 32 µm long; longest 48–58, 54 µm. Sensilla chaetica absent. One tarsal pseudospur present on each ta1 and on ta2 of p2 and p3; pseudospurs 23–34, 29 µm long. Lengths and proportions of legs as in Table 1.</p>
            <p> TABLE. 1.  Procladius (Holotanypus) rugulosus sp. n. , male. Lengths (in µm) and proportions of legs. </p>
            <p>fe ti ta1 ta2 ta3 ta4</p>
            <p>p1 672–755, 699 899–992, 926 598–694, 627 280–340, 303 213–258,230 147–177,158 p2 773–891, 807 815–925, 852 476–544, 507 230–270, 247 177–211,191 117–140,126 p3 672–756,702 941–1.057,993 619–680, 644 290–340, 318 210–250, 233 133–150,145</p>
            <p>continued.</p>
            <p>ta5 LR BV SV BR p1 95–113,106 0.66–0.70, 0.68 2.78–2.94,2.84 2.52–2.70,2.65 2.2–2.3, 2.2 p2 100–117,106 0.58–0.60, 0.59 3.20–3.40, 3.26 3.22–3.34, 3.31 2.2–2.8, 2.4 p3 109–115,112 0.63–0.67, 0.65 2.75–3.10, 2.90 2.58–2.69, 2.63 2.7–3.4, 3.1 Hypopygium (Fig. 10 B). Tergites IX with 15–24, 20 setae. Transverse sternapodeme 167–201, 190 µm long. Phallapodeme 110–127, 117 µm long. Strut ratio 2.22–2.69, 2.55(4). Gonocoxite 203–223, 210 µm long, with 30– 38, 34 undulate wrinkles; gonostylus 89–108, 97 µm long; gonostylus ratio 2.81–3.36, 3.05. HR 2.06–2.27, 2.17; HV 3.49–3.73, 3.54.</p>
            <p>Female imago (n = 1, tentatively associated)</p>
            <p>Total length 4.49 mm. Wing length 2.81 mm. Total length/wing length 1.60. Wing length/length of profemur 2.20.</p>
            <p>Head. AR 0.44. 12 flagellomeres, lengths of last 4 flagellomeres (µm): 29, 30, 31, 140. Temporals 75. Clypeus with 37 setae. Tentorium 216 µm long. Stipes 243 µm long. Palpomere lengths 1–5 (µm): 60, 100, 137, 200, 296.</p>
            <p>Thorax. Antepronotum with 21 setae. Dorsocentrals 51, prealars 9, acrostichals 54, prescutellars 10, supraalar 1, anepisternum II with 3 setae. Scutellum with 31 setae.</p>
            <p>Wing. VR 1.36. Brachiolum with 6 setae, R with 86 setae, R1 with 114 setae, R2+3 with 38 setae, R2 with 16 setae, R3 with 32 setae, R4+5 with 135 setae. Squama with 69 setae.</p>
            <p>Legs. Spur of front tibia 87 µm long, spurs of middle tibia 77 µm and 63 µm, of hind tibia 93 µm and 60 µm long. Width at apex of front tibia 67 µm, of middle tibia 63 µm, of hind tibia 88 µm. Comb with 12 setae, 40–83 µm long. sensilla chaetica 4–5 at base of ta t of p2 and p3. Lengths and proportions of legs as in Table 2.</p>
            <p>fe ti ta1 ta2 ta3 ta4 ta5 LR BV SV BR p1 1277 1412 1025 462 350 224 176 0.73 3.06 2.62 2.1 p2 1059 1395 857 408 299 187 173 0.61 3.10 2.86 -</p>
            <p>p3 1143 1547 1109 537 381 220 206 0.72 2.83 2.43 2.4 Genitalia (Fig.10 C). Cercus 87 µm long. Seminal capsule140 µm long, sclerotized in oral 83 µm, 113 µm wide. Notum 303 µm long. Segment X with about 40 setae.</p>
            <p>Pupa (n = 1, tentatively associated)</p>
            <p>Length 6.52 mm. Coloration of exuviae dark brownish with blackish brown anterior and posterior lines on tergites and sternites and paler lateral margins.</p>
            <p>Cephalothorax. Thoracic horn (Fig. 12 D) 534 µm long, 165 µm wide, 3.24 times as long as wide. Plastron plate 121 µm wide, 0.73 times as wide as thoracic horn, 1.26 times as wide as the 96 µm wide apical constriction of horn chamber.</p>
            <p> Abdomen. Anal lobe (Fig. 12 J) similar to  P. denticulatus with 38 spines on outer margin, median 2–3 spines enlarged. </p>
            <p> Remarks. The female reared from pupa is not definitely associated with the male. However, the chaetotaxy of the female shows that it cannot belong to any of the other species known from the lake and it is reared from the same locality as one of the male paratypes. The species appear to be closely related to  P. culiciformis . </p>
            <p>Distribution and ecology. The species has been found only in the shallow parts of the Narrows of Lake Winnipeg. However, if the larvae are inseparable from one of the other more common species the distribution could be wider.</p>
        </div>
    </body>
</html>
	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DE87CEFC7EFFA3ACBFF8A9FF6E743F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Saether, Ole A.	Saether, Ole A. (2010): Procladius Skuse from Lake Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, with keys to some females and immature stages of the genus (Diptera: Chironomidae). Zootaxa 2726: 34-58, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.200030
03DE87CEFC61FFA5ACBFFBB2FADB764F.text	03DE87CEFC61FFA5ACBFFBB2FADB764F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Procladius (Holotanypus) sublettei Roback	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
    <body>
        <div>
            <p> Procladius (Holotanypus) sublettei Roback</p>
            <p>(Figs 6 C–G; 12 F, L; 13 E, G, J, M; 14 H)</p>
            <p> Procladius (Procladius) sublettei Roback, 1971: 191 ; Roback 1980: 47; Saether 1977: 48.  Procladius culiciformis auct. nec Linnaeus. </p>
            <p>Material examined. CANADA: Manitoba, Lake Winnipeg, light traps: Victoria Beach, 4 males, 9. &amp; 25.vii. 1969; Pine Dock, 22 males, 10.vii., 31.vii. &amp; 2.ix. 1969; 0.5 km off George Island, 1 male, 12.vii. 1969; 10 km off (Sturgeonskin point) Long Point, 7 males, 14.vii. 1969; 3 km off McCreary Island, 12 males, 15.vii. 1969; Gull Harbor, 2 males, 16.vii. 1969; Grand Rapids Government Wharf, 6 males, 28.vii. 1969; 5 km off Selkirk (Horse) Island, 1 male, 29.vii. 1969; McBeth Harbor, 1 male, 7.ix. 1969; Gimli Government Wharf, 5 males, 9.ix. 1969; Beaver Point, 2 males, 30.vi. &amp; 6.viii. 1971; 20 Mile Creek, 14 males, 26.viii. &amp; 1.ix. 1971; Old Fishing Dock, 8 males, 29.vi., 18.viii. &amp; 8.ix. 1971; Calder's Dock, 1 male, 31.viii. 1971; Hecla Island, 15 males, 25.viii. 1971; emergence traps: Beaver Creek, 23 males, 3.vi.–28.vii.1971; rearings: north of outer buoy Red River, 1 male, 4.vi. 1969; eastsoutheast of outer buoy Red River, 1 male, 1 female, 9.vii.1969; north of outer buoy Red River, 2 males, 9.vii. 1969; 13 km southwest of Bigstone Point, 1 male, 11.vii. 1969; Saskatchewan River Buoy, 1 male, 14.vii. 1969; 10 km east-southeast of Pearson Reef, 1 male, 26.vii. 1969; Pigeon Bay, 1 male, 27.vii. 1969; east of Selkirk Island, 1 male, 4.ix. 1969; 1 km west of Elk Island, 1 male, 4.x.1969; South Basin, 379 larvae, female reared from larva, 4.vi–31.x.1969; Narrows, 105 larvae, 4.vi–31.x.1969; North Basin, 226 larvae, 2 pupae, 4.vi–31.x.1969.</p>
            <p> The male gonostylus (Fig. 6 G) appear to be closest to the Pt. Pelee, Ontario, population figured by Roback (1971 fig. 376, 379) with some specimens falling in  P. sublettei var. grandis . As indicated by Roback (1971: 193) the typical form and the variety may only represent different generations. </p>
            <p>The female have no setae on anepisternum II, about 16–18 setae on segment X, and about 3–10 sensilla chaetica on ta1 of p2 and p3.</p>
            <p>Pupa (n = 6)</p>
            <p>Cephalothorax. Thoracic horn (Fig. 12 F) 380–491, 433 µm long; 112–170, 143 µm wide, atrial wall of thoracic horn with reticulate pattern. Plastron plate diameter 90–144, 114 µm; apical constriction of horn chamber 46– 81, 63 µm wide length/width of horn 2.67–3.39, 3.10; width of plastron plate /width of horn 0.66–1.03, 0.78; width of plastron plate/width of constriction 1.38–2.57, 1.87.</p>
            <p>Abdomen. Spinules on T IV small, grouped (Fig. 12 N). Anal lobe (Fig. 12 L) with 36–40, 38 spines on outer margin, densely grouped posterolaterally, usually one at apex of inner margin, and apical spines relatively small and set off from remaining spines.</p>
            <p>Fourth instar larva (n = 10, except when otherwise stated)</p>
            <p>Head capsule length 720–908, 812 µm (672).</p>
            <p> Head. Antenna as in Fig. 13 E, G. Lengths of antennal segments (in µm): 165–205, 190; 18–24, 21; 6–8, 7; 2– 3, 3; 1–2, 2. AR 5.50–6.85, 6.14)[4.44–5.50 in Roback (1980)]. Basal antennal segment 32–42, 38 µm wide; 4.46– 5.56, 4.97 times as long as wide; ring organ 0.65–0.79, 0.72 from base; blade 24–33, 29 µm; accessory blade 20– 26, 22 µm long. Apical style of second segment 6–8, 7 µm long. Apex of labrum as in Fig. 13 J. Mandible 174– 202, 191 µm long [148–185 µm in Roback (1980)]. Maxilla about as in  P. denticulatus (Fig. 14 C). Maxillary palp (Fig.14 H) 46–58, 48 µm long; 17–21, 19 µm wide; 2.35–2.71, 2.51 times as long as wide. Length of basal antennal segment/length of palp 3.37–4.46, 3.96. Hypopharyngeal pecten (Fig. 13 M) with 13–14, 13 teeth. </p>
            <p>Abdomen. Claws of posterior parapods all relatively long and slender.</p>
            <p>Distribution. The species, when including the varieties, is known from all over USA and Canada (Roback 1971: 192–195; Oliver et al. 1990: 15; Spies 1999; Epler 2003, 2010; Caldwell 2009). It is, however, more common in southern parts. The distribution in Lake Winnipeg is shown in Fig. 1, the emergence pattern in Fig. 11.</p>
        </div>
    </body>
</html>
	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DE87CEFC61FFA5ACBFFBB2FADB764F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Saether, Ole A.	Saether, Ole A. (2010): Procladius Skuse from Lake Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, with keys to some females and immature stages of the genus (Diptera: Chironomidae). Zootaxa 2726: 34-58, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.200030
03DE87CEFC66FFA4ACBFFB05FA2F7757.text	03DE87CEFC66FFA4ACBFFB05FA2F7757.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Procladius	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
    <body>
        <div>
            <p> Key to some females of  Procladius</p>
            <p> A preliminary key to females primarily based on Lake Winnipeg specimens was presented by Saether (1977).  Procladius sp. n. in that paper is identical to  Procladius rugulosus sp. n. in the enlarged key below. Roback (1966, 1971) and Wrubleski &amp; Roback (1987) describe a number of female  Procladius (Psilotanypus) . However, only the last paper incorporate the details of the female genitalia necessary for placing most of the species in a key. </p>
            <p> 1. Apex of gonapophysis VIII tongue-shaped; wing membrane without setae; segment X with 7–22 setae.....................................................................................  Procladius subgenus  Psilotanypus Kieffer 2 </p>
            <p> - Apex of gonapophysis VIII triangular; wing membrane with setae; segment X with 16–58 setae.........................................................................................  Procladius subgenus  Holotanypus Roback 4 </p>
            <p> 2. Apex of gonapophysis VIII curved (Saether 1977 fig. 20 C); abdomen pale to light brown with caudal edges of tergites narrowly light (Roback 1971 fig. 278)...............................................  P. (Psilotanypus) bellus (Loew)</p>
            <p>- Apex of gonapophysis VIII straight, parallel-sided (Roback 1987 fig. 32); abdomen wholly brown..................... 3</p>
            <p> 3. Wing with some setae towards apex; area around RM broadly infuscate..................  P. (Psilotanypus) nietus Roback</p>
            <p> - Wing without setae towards apex; area around RM not infuscate.........................................................................................................................  P. (Psilotanypus) deltaensis Roback</p>
            <p> 4. With 3–4 supraalars (postalars in Roback 1971), about 30 humerals, and eye ratio (distance between dorsal eye extension divided by length of extension) 2.0; abdomen not banded..............................  P. (Holotanypus) desis Sublette</p>
            <p>- With 1–3 supraalars, 14–30 humerals, and eye ratio 2.1–3.1. When more than 1 supraalar eye ratio 2.5–3.1, when more than 2 supraalars about 14 humerals; abdomen occasionally banded................................................... 5</p>
            <p> 5. Abdomen with indication of banding; anepisternum II without setae; segment X with about 25 setae; about 9–14 sensilla chaetica proximally on each basitarsus of middle and hind leg...........................  P. (Holotanypus) freemani Sublette</p>
            <p>- Abdomen not banded; anepisternum II with or without setae; segment X with 16–18 or 20–58 setae; 3–14 sensilla chaetica on each basitarsus of middle and hind leg..................................................................... 6</p>
            <p> 6. Segment X with about 16–18 setae; anepisternum II without setae; about 3–10 sensilla chaeticae proximally on each basitarsus of middle and hind leg...............................................................  P. (H.) sublettei Roback</p>
            <p>- Segment X with about 20–58 setae; anepisternum II usually with setae; 3–14 sensilla chaeticae proximally on each basitarsus</p>
            <p> of middle and hind leg.................................................................................. 7 7. Segment X with about 56–58 setae; anepisternum II with 0–5 setae; about 9–14 sensilla chaeticae proximally on each basitarsus of middle and hind leg.........................................................  P. (H.) denticulatus Sublette</p>
            <p>- Segment X with about 20–40 setae; anepisternum II with 3–15 setae; about 3–14 sensilla chaeticae proximally on each basitarsus of middle and hind leg............................................................................... 8</p>
            <p> 8. Segment X with 20–30 setae; anepisternum II with 6–8 setae; 3–8 sensilla chaeticae on each basitarsus of middle and hind leg..................................................................................  P. (H.) culiciformis (L.) </p>
            <p>- Segment X with about 34–40 setae; anepisternum II either with about 3 or about 15 setae; either 4–5 or 10–14 sensilla chaeticae on each basitarsus of middle and hind leg............................................................... 9</p>
            <p> 9. Anepisternum II with about 15 setae; 3–4 supraalars; about 10–14 sensilla chaeticae on each basitarsus of middle and hind leg................................................................................  P. (H.) paragretis Roback</p>
            <p> - Anepisternum II with about 3 setae; 1 supraalar; 4–5 sensilla chaeticae on each basitarsus of middle and hind leg............................................................................................  P. (H.) rugulosus ?  sp. n.</p>
        </div>
    </body>
</html>
	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DE87CEFC66FFA4ACBFFB05FA2F7757	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Saether, Ole A.	Saether, Ole A. (2010): Procladius Skuse from Lake Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, with keys to some females and immature stages of the genus (Diptera: Chironomidae). Zootaxa 2726: 34-58, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.200030
03DE87CEFC67FFA4ACBFFDDBFA2870B0.text	03DE87CEFC67FFA4ACBFFDDBFA2870B0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Procladius	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
    <body>
        <div>
            <p> Key to pupae of  Procladius present in Lake Winnipeg </p>
            <p> Roback (1980:30) give a more complete key to pupae of Nearctic species. The variation in size, however, appear to be larger than indicated by Roback and  P. (H.) culiciformis in the sense of Roback appear to differ from the associated pupae from Lake Winnipeg. </p>
            <p> 1. Anal lobes (Fig.12 G) with 15–27 spines; spines at apex not distinctly set off from remaining spines, not in a dense cluster and not on a protuberance; thoracic horn (Fig. 12 A) 0.29–0.43 mm long and 3.4–5.3, mean 4.6 times as long as wide......................................................................................  P. (Psilotanypus) bellus (Loew)</p>
            <p>- Anal lobes with 24–63 spines; spines at apex either distinctly set off from remaining spines, in a dense cluster of spines or on a protuberance (Fig. 12 H–L); thoracic horn (Fig. 12 B–F) 0.33–0.65 mm long and 2.6–4.0 times as long as wide........... 2</p>
            <p> 2. Neck of thoracic horn not visible, hidden by plastron plate; anal lobe with about 45 lateral spines..............................................................................................  P. (Holotanypus) paragretis? Roback</p>
            <p>- Neck of thoracic horn visible, not hidden by plastron plate; anal lobe with about 23–62 lateral spines................... 3</p>
            <p> 3. Tergites dark, brownish; plastron plate (Fig.12 D) about 1.26 times as wide as apical constriction of horn chamber; thoracic horn about 0.53 mm long; about 40 spines on anal lobe (Fig. 12 J)............................  P. (H.) rugulosus ?  n. sp.</p>
            <p>- Tergites light, pale brownish; plastron plate about 1.4 –3.1 times as wide as apical constriction of horn chamber; thoracic horn 0.35–0.58 mm long; 23–62 spines on anal lobe.............................................................. 4</p>
            <p>4. Atrial wall of thoracic horn with reticulate pattern (Fig. 12 E, F)................................................ 5</p>
            <p>- Atrial wall of thoracic horn without reticulate pattern......................................................... 6</p>
            <p> 5. Spinules on T IV relatively large, not much grouped (Fig. 12 M); anal lobe (Fig. 12 K) with 24–32, mean 28, spines on outer margin; sparse row of long spines posterolaterally; spines at apex either on distinct protuberance or enlarged; thoracic horn (Fig. 12 E) 0.39–0.58 mm long.....................................................  P. (H.) denticulatus Sublette</p>
            <p> - Spinules on T IV smaller, grouped (Fig. 12 N); anal lobe (Fig. 12 L) with 36–40, 38 spines on outer margin, densely grouped posterolaterally, usually one at apex of inner margin, and apical spines relatively small and set off from remaining spines; thoracic horn (Fig. 12 F) 0.38–0.49 mm long................................................  P. (H.) sublettei Roback</p>
            <p> 6. Anal lobe with about 7–12 spines near apex of inner margin (Fig. 12 I); spines at apex directed laterad, 42–62 distinct spines on outer margin.....................................................................  P. (H.) culiciformis (L.) </p>
            <p> - Anal lobe at most with 1 apical spine on inner margin; spines at apex of outer margin directed perpendicular to anal lobe (Fig. 12 H); about 26–50 distinct spines on outer margin.......................................  P. (H.) freemani Sublette</p>
        </div>
    </body>
</html>
	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DE87CEFC67FFA4ACBFFDDBFA2870B0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Saether, Ole A.	Saether, Ole A. (2010): Procladius Skuse from Lake Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, with keys to some females and immature stages of the genus (Diptera: Chironomidae). Zootaxa 2726: 34-58, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.200030
03DE87CEFC67FFA7ACBFF9BDFA2877E4.text	03DE87CEFC67FFA7ACBFF9BDFA2877E4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Procladius	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
    <body>
        <div>
            <p> Key to known Nearctic larvae of  Procladius</p>
            <p>1. Two small claws with broad bases and short distal ends, with or without teeth on inner margin, longest claws with pointed apices (Fig. 14 I, J); hypopharyngeal pecten (Fig. 13 K) with 6–9, usually 6 or 7, teeth; blade (Fig.13 A) as long as segments 2 and 3 combined; lamellae of galea and chaetulae of palpifer (Fig.14 A) broad and undivided; head capsule length 0.47–0.72 mm .................................................................................................... 2</p>
            <p>- All claws with narrow bases, without teeth although small spines may be present on inner margins, long claws with attenuated whip-like apices (Fig.14 K, L); hypopharyngeal pecten (Fig. 13 L, M) with 10–14, usually 11–13, teeth; usually at least as long as segments 2–4 combined; at least some lamellae of galea and chaetulae of palpifer (Fig.14 B, C) divided at apical half to third; head length more than 0.58 mm ..................................................................... 3</p>
            <p> 2. Two of the smaller posterior parapod claws sharply hooked, no claws with strong points on inner side..............................................................................................  P. (Psilotanypus) nietus Roback</p>
            <p> - The smaller posterior parapod claws not sharply hooked, 0, 1, or 2 claws with strong points on inner side.............................................................................................  P. (Psilotanypus) bellus Loew</p>
            <p> 3. Blade shorter than segments 2–4 combined (Fig.13 B); two-segmented sensilla basiconica (SBP in Fig. 14 E) of maxillary palp shorter than bisensillum (Bs in Fig.14 E), its basal segment shorter than its apical segment; head capsule length 0.62–0.78....................................................................................  P. (H.) freemani Sublette</p>
            <p>- Blade at least as long as segments 2–4 combined or usually longer (Fig. 13 C–E); SBP (Fig. 14 F–H) of maxillary palp longer than Bs, its basal segment longer than its apical segment; head capsule length 0.65–1.05 mm .......................... 4</p>
            <p>4. Blade at least as long as segments 2–4 combined, accessory blade usually nearly as long as blade (Fig. 13 C); head capsule length 0.58–0.81 mm ................................................................................... 5</p>
            <p>- Blade as long as segments 2–4 combined or, if as long as segments 2–5 combined, head capsule length over 0.92 mm; accessory blade distinctly shorter than blade (Fig. 13 D, E)........................................................................................................ 6</p>
            <p> 5. Sclerotized part of basal segment of maxillary palp (Fig. 14 F) 1.9–2.6 times as long as wide.......  P. (H.) culiciformis (L.) </p>
            <p> - Sclerotized part of basal segment of maxillary palp about 3.2 times as long as wide................  P. (H.) wilhmi Roback</p>
            <p> 6. Procercus with 18–19 setae; both mandible and basal antennal segment longer than 210 µm............  P. (H.) ruris Roback</p>
            <p>- Procercus with 9–14 setae; mandible and basal antennal segment often shorter than 210 µm.......................... 7</p>
            <p> 7. Sclerotized part of basal segment of maxillary palp (Fig. 14 E) 45–58 µm long and 2.4–2.9, mean 2.5, times as long as wide; basal antennal segment 4.5–5.6, 5.0 times as long as wide and 3.4–4.5, mean 4.0, times as long as basal palpal segment; head capsule length 0.72–0.91 mm .........................................................  P. (H.) sublettei Roback</p>
            <p> - Sclerotized part of basal segment of maxillary palp (Fig. 14 G) 55–74 µm long and 2.7–3.5, mean 3.0, times as long as wide; basal antennal segment 5.1–6.4, mean 5.5 times as long as wide and 2.9–3.9, mean 3.4, times as long as basal palpal segment; head capsule length 0.79–1.05 mm long..............................................  P. (H.) denticulatus Sublette</p>
        </div>
    </body>
</html>
	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DE87CEFC67FFA7ACBFF9BDFA2877E4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Saether, Ole A.	Saether, Ole A. (2010): Procladius Skuse from Lake Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, with keys to some females and immature stages of the genus (Diptera: Chironomidae). Zootaxa 2726: 34-58, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.200030
