taxonID	type	description	language	source
03D1DB317C5E9E3C85769B87FCE3F9B1.taxon	description	Figs 1 – 4	en	Tilic, Ekin, Rouse, Greg W. (2020): Hidden in plain sight, Chaetopterus dewysee sp. nov. (Chaetopteridae, Annelida) - A new species from Southern California. European Journal of Taxonomy 643: 1-16, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.643
03D1DB317C5E9E3C85769B87FCE3F9B1.taxon	description	2014: 1, figs 1, 8.; 2015: 408, figs 1 – 6. — Lemer et al. 2015: 175. — Rawat & Deheyn 2016: 1, fig. 1. Chaetopterus sp. nov. – Andrade et al. 2015: 2863. Chaetopterus – Weigand et al. 2017: 1, fig. 1.; Weigand et al. 2018: 1.	en	Tilic, Ekin, Rouse, Greg W. (2020): Hidden in plain sight, Chaetopterus dewysee sp. nov. (Chaetopteridae, Annelida) - A new species from Southern California. European Journal of Taxonomy 643: 1-16, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.643
03D1DB317C5E9E3C85769B87FCE3F9B1.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Chaetopterus dewysee sp. nov. is characterized by having a long u-shaped tube partly buried in sediment, 10 region A chaetigers, 11 – 12 club-shaped a 4 cutting chaetae with dark brown, coppery metallic coloration, a patch of notopodial uncini at the upper ventral margin of the modified b 3 – b 5 notopodia.	en	Tilic, Ekin, Rouse, Greg W. (2020): Hidden in plain sight, Chaetopterus dewysee sp. nov. (Chaetopteridae, Annelida) - A new species from Southern California. European Journal of Taxonomy 643: 1-16, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.643
03D1DB317C5E9E3C85769B87FCE3F9B1.taxon	etymology	Etymology Named for Mary ‘ Dewy’ White, for her support of the Rouse lab and her passion for conservation and marine biological research. Based on her love of the sea we have incorporated the German word ‘ See’ into the name.	en	Tilic, Ekin, Rouse, Greg W. (2020): Hidden in plain sight, Chaetopterus dewysee sp. nov. (Chaetopteridae, Annelida) - A new species from Southern California. European Journal of Taxonomy 643: 1-16, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.643
03D1DB317C5E9E3C85769B87FCE3F9B1.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined Holotype UNITED STATES OF AMERICA • adult specimen with tube; California, San Diego, Scripps Submarine Canyon; 32 ° 52 ′ 11.35 ″ N, 117 ° 15 ′ 36.00 ″ W; depth 20 m; 2019; Phil Zerofski leg.; GenBank: MN 991231; SIO-BIC A 11476. Paratypes UNITED STATES OF AMERICA • 1 adult specimen; same collection data as for holotype; GenBank: MN 991233; SIO-BIC A 10193 • 1 adult specimen; same collection data as for holotype; 18 Feb. 2010; Eddie Kisfaludy leg.; GenBank: MN 991236; SIO-BIC A 4193 • 1 adult specimen; California, San Diego, La Jolla Submarine Canyon; 24 Jul. 2008; Eddie Kisfaludy leg.; GenBank: MN 991230; SIO-BIC A 11649 • 1 adult specimen; same collection data as for holotype; 2017; Greg Rouse leg.; GenBank: MN 991235; SIO-BIC A 11652 • 1 adult specimen; California, San Diego, Scripps Institution of Oceanography pier; Nov. 2017; Avery Hatch and Ekin Tilic leg.; GenBank: MN 991234; SIO-BIC A 11653 • 1 adult specimen; same collection data as for preceding; 5 Jul. 2019; Ekin Tilic leg.; SIO-BIC A 12034 (cybertype). Cybertype Complete micro-CT scan of a paratype SIO-BIC A 12034, designated as cybertype. Direct link to online specimen: www. morphdbase. de /? E _ Tilic _ 20200122 - S- 5.1 Direct links to the micro-CT stack: PART 1 / 3: www. morphdbase. de /? E _ Tilic _ 20200122 - M- 42.1 PART 2 / 3: www. morphdbase. de /? E _ Tilic _ 20200122 - M- 41.1 PART 3 / 3: www. morphdbase. de /? E _ Tilic _ 20200122 - M- 40.1 Direct link to 3 D surface rendering: www. morphdbase. de /? E _ Tilic _ 20200122 - M- 43.1	en	Tilic, Ekin, Rouse, Greg W. (2020): Hidden in plain sight, Chaetopterus dewysee sp. nov. (Chaetopteridae, Annelida) - A new species from Southern California. European Journal of Taxonomy 643: 1-16, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.643
03D1DB317C5E9E3C85769B87FCE3F9B1.taxon	description	Description Total body length of holotype 55 mm (paratypes: A 12034 = 35 mm, A 11652 = 180 mm, A 11653 = 107 mm). Region A with 10 chaetigers. Prostomium small, with anterior border rounded, entire. Peristomium extended, completely covering prostomium; wide horseshoe-shaped in anterior view (Figs 2 A, 4 C). Two grooved palps extending beyond peristomium, length 7.5 mm (Fig. 2 A). Paired eyes present, located at the base of palps (Fig. 2 B). Middorsal ciliated groove (cg) extending from region B through region A, ending near the mouth opening with a conical ridge (Fig. 2 C – B). Ventral surface of region A with a smooth plastron (ventral shield) (Figs 1 A, 4 B): length 9 mm, width 3.9 mm. First 9 chaetigers uniramous. Tenth chaetiger (a 10) biramous, with long notopodium and a neuropodial lobe (Fig. 3 A). Each notopodium with 2 – 3 rows of light yellow lanceolate chaetae. Neuropodial uncini of chaetiger a 10 with 5 – 6 teeth, short rostral and long adrostral process (Fig. 3 B). Chaetiger a 4 with 11 – 12 modified cutting chaetae (Fig. 2 C – E). Modified chaetae dark brown, with coppery metallic shimmer, club-shaped, tip asymmetrical, truncated with sharp apical point (Fig. 2 E). Larger portion of cutting chaetae embedded inside the chaetiger (Figs 2 D, 4 E). Region B with five chaetigers, with biramous parapodia. Digestive gland blackish green in living specimens; coloration lost in ethanol-preserved specimens. Chaetiger b 1 with distally tapering, aliform notopodia extending to the middle of region A (Figs 2 C, 3 D): length 9.2 mm (paratypes: A 12034 = 11 mm, A 11652 = 28 mm, A 11653 = 26.4 mm). Chaetiger b 2 modified with large cupule (Figs 2 A, 4 A – B). Notopodia of b 3 – b 5 fused middorsally, forming enlarged fans (Figs 2 A, 4 A). Small pocket with patch of uncini at the upper ventral margin of the enlarged fan (Fig. 3 C, E). Notopodial uncini of chaetigers b 3 – b 5 with 9 – 10 teeth, shorter adrostral process and a long rostral process (Fig. 3 F). Neuropodium of chaetiger b 1 with upper and lower row of uncini (Fig. 3 D), b 3 – 5 only with one lower row of uncini (Fig. 3 C). Region C with 16 chaetigers (paratypes: A 12034 = 10, A 11652 = 19, A 11653 = 17). Parapodia biramous. Notopodia long, with distally tapering tip and internal acicular chaetae (Fig. 3 G). Neuropodia bilobed; lateral lobe with no cirrus on lateral side; ventral neuropodial lobe without cirrus (Fig. 3 G). Lateral lobe uncini of region C arranged in 2 – 3 rows (Fig. 3 H), chaetiger c 1 uncini similar to those of chaetiger a 10, with 5 – 6 teeth (Fig. 3 I). Tube Parchment like, U-shaped tube, sometimes with sand debris and shell fragments on the outer surface (Fig. 1 B). Both tube openings almost half in diameter (8 mm) compared to the middle section of the tube (16 mm). Total tube length 293 mm. Habitat Commonly found partially buried along canyon walls in large assemblages of solitary, intermingled tubes and sediment with other fauna, such as sponges and tunicates.	en	Tilic, Ekin, Rouse, Greg W. (2020): Hidden in plain sight, Chaetopterus dewysee sp. nov. (Chaetopteridae, Annelida) - A new species from Southern California. European Journal of Taxonomy 643: 1-16, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.643
03D1DB317C5E9E3C85769B87FCE3F9B1.taxon	distribution	Distribution Southern California. COI sequences confirm the identity of Chaetopterus sp. 1 from Santa Barbara (Osborn et al. 2007; Moore et al. 2017) as C. dewysee sp. nov. (Fig. 5) Molecular information All type specimens of Chaetopterus dewysee sp. nov., except for the cybertype, were subsampled and sequenced for COI (Table 1). The specimen chosen for the micro-CT scan was kept intact as a cybertype. All COI sequences for specimens identified as Chaetopterus dewysee sp. nov. were> 98.8 % similar. These included the COI sequence pulled from the available Chaetopterus transcriptome, the sequence from Santa Barbara, published by Osborn et al. (2007) and the COI sequence from the larva (Fig. 1 C). The haplotype network for the nine C. dewysee sp. nov. sequences (Fig. 5) shows minor variation amongst the specimens. The most frequent haplotype is shared by four individuals (the sequenced larva, the holotype A 11476, A 10193 and A 11653). In addition to this, there are 5 low-frequency haplotypes, each represented by a single specimen. The haplotypes are separated by one to three mutational steps. On the maximum likelihood tree sequences that were more than 97 % similar were given the same terminal name and the branches were collapsed (Fig. 5). Average identity between the COI sequences of different Chaetopterus spp. was 78.7 % (min. 72.1 %, max 85.2 %).	en	Tilic, Ekin, Rouse, Greg W. (2020): Hidden in plain sight, Chaetopterus dewysee sp. nov. (Chaetopteridae, Annelida) - A new species from Southern California. European Journal of Taxonomy 643: 1-16, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.643
03D1DB317C5E9E3C85769B87FCE3F9B1.taxon	discussion	Remarks Chaetopterus dewysee sp. nov. most resembles the two European species, C. brevis Lespés, 1872 and C. variopedatus. The main difference between the 3 species is in the morphology of a 4 cutting chaetae. Chaetopterus variopedatus has a 4 cutting chaetae with teeth, whereas the cutting chaetae of C. brevis are symmetrical and distally inflated. In C. dewysee sp. nov. the cutting chaetae have a smooth, asymmetrical tip with a sharp apical point. Furthermore, region C notopodia of C. dewysee sp. nov. have no lateral cirrus, which is present in both C. brevis and C. variopedatus. Chaetopterus brevis also differs from the other two species in having a gregarious habit, that can be occupied by multiple individuals. Relationships were not supported across most of the phylogeny generated here using COI (Fig. 5). Chaetopterus dewysee sp. nov. is sister group to Chaetopterus cf. brevis from France, but with low support. In Moore et al. (2017), which also used nuclear 18 S and 28 S data, this relationship was also recovered, but with very strong support. Other Chaetopterus species described from the eastern Pacific (Galapagos Islands) are C. galapagensis Nishi, Hickman & Bailey-Brock, 2009, C. adunctus Nishi, Hickman & Bailey-Brock, 2009 and C. charlesdarwinii Nishi, Hickman & Bailey-Brock, 2009. Chaetopterus adunctus has a J-shaped and C. darwinii a U-shaped tube, both attached to rocks (Nishi et al. 2009), whereas the new species C. dewysee sp. nov. has tubes partly buried in sediment. The obvious main difference among the species is the number of region A chaetigers: C. charlesdarwinii only has 9, C. galapagensis 13 – 15 and C. dewysee sp. nov. has 10. The three species also differ in the number of teeth on the chaetiger c 1 lateral lobe uncini; C. dewysee sp. nov. only has 5 – 6 teeth whereas C. adunctus has 10 – 11, C. charlesdarwinii has 9 – 11 and C. galapagensis 7 – 8 teeth (Nishi et al. 2009).	en	Tilic, Ekin, Rouse, Greg W. (2020): Hidden in plain sight, Chaetopterus dewysee sp. nov. (Chaetopteridae, Annelida) - A new species from Southern California. European Journal of Taxonomy 643: 1-16, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.643
