identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
A0EF33E82F9734F49A44292FD82E3E89.text	A0EF33E82F9734F49A44292FD82E3E89.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Rhopalosiphum chusqueae Perez Hidalgo & Villalobos Muller	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> 
Rhopalosiphum chusqueae 
Perez
Hidalgo &amp; Villalobos Muller
 sp. n.</p>
            <p>Holotype.</p>
            <p> Apterous viviparous female number 1 of measurement series, caught on  Chusquea tomentosa ,  Pérez Hidalgo &amp; Villalobos Muller leg., deposited in the Aphidological Collection of the University of  León (CZULE), sample CRI-235. </p>
            <p>Paratypes.</p>
            <p>2 apterous viviparous females (in separated slides) caught with the holotype.</p>
            <p>Etymology.</p>
            <p> The specific epithet, chusqueae is the genitive singular of the generic name of the  aphid’s host plant. </p>
            <p>Apterous viviparous females</p>
            <p>(Figure 2). When alive globular oval and brown with white spots of wax on abdomen. Mounted 2.20-2.72 mm and pale in general with head, antennae, legs, siphunculi and cauda dark-brown.</p>
            <p> Antennae 0.63-0.79 times body length. Antennal segment III (0.32-0.43 mm) shorter than segment IV (0.21-0.25 mm) plus V (0.20-0.26 mm); with setae 55-65  μm long and 1.8-2.6 times the articular diameter of the segment. Terminal process of segment VI (0.44-0.47 mm) 3.9-4.4 times the base (0.32-0.43 mm). Rostrum 0.52-0.61 mm long, reaching middle coxae, 0.19-0.27 times the body length. Ultimate rostral segment 0.13-0.15 mm long, approximately 1.7 times its basal width and 1.1 second segment of hind tarsus; it carries two accessory setae. Marginal papillae present on prothorax, on the abdominal segment 1 and 7, which are dorsally placed to the respective spiracles, and sometimes on segments 3 and 6. Dorsum of the abdomen with spinules forming reticulate ornamentation. Dorsal setae on abdominal segment 3 with delicate, pointed and 25-30  μm long and 3.0-3.9 times the articular diameter of antennal segment III and shorter than ventral ones, which are 90-110  μm long. Siphunculi slightly swollen with marked narrowing below the flange, 0.41-0.45 mm long, 0.16-0.20 times the body length and 2.1-2.2 times cauda. Abdominal segment 8 with two sclerites and four setae 90-110  μm long, delicate and pointed. Genital plate with 2 discal setae and near 26 posterior ones. Cauda finger-like, 0.19-0.21 mm long and carrying 5 setae. </p>
            <p>Distribution and host-plant.</p>
            <p> Chusquea tomentosa (  Poaceae ,  Bambusoideae ) is the only known host of  Rhopalosiphum chusqueae . This bamboo is endemic to the country and can be found in several areas of the Cordillera de Talamanca at an altitude of between 2450 and 3000 m (Widmer 1997; Hammel et al. 2003). Species of  Chusquea (approximately 120 described) can be found at between 800 and 3800 m in dry and humid forests from Mexico to Chile and Argentina (Clark 1989). As species in the genus  Rhopalosiphum are not strictly stenophagous,  Rhopalosiphum chusqueae may also live on other species of  Chusquea , or even on other bamboos and live in other parts of America. </p>
            <p>On the plant, the aphids live close to the nodes well protected by the leaves (Figs 1C, 1D) and not easily detectable, as shown by fruitless efforts to locate other colonies.</p>
            <p> So far, only one aphid species had been recorded on  Chusquea :  Hysteroneura setariae (Thomas) on  Chusquea abietifolia Griseb, in Cuba (Holman 1974). </p>
            <p> Blackman and Eastop (1994) present two identification keys to the aphid species living on  Arundinaria and on  Bambusa , genera that include arboreal bamboos; several of these aphid species belong to the subfamily  Aphidinae . Blackman and Eastop (2006) report the presence of aphid species on several genera of non-arboreal bamboos such as  Chusquea ,  Pseudosasa ,  Sinoarundinaria ,  Thamnocalamus ,  Thysanolaena , and also  Arundinaria (other bamboo genera are included but no  Aphidinae species have been recorded on them), and for the identification of these species the reader is forwarded to the "keys [of 1994] to aphids on  Arundinaria and  Bambusa ", or to the "keys [of 2006]  to apterae on  Digitaria and other genera of herbaceous  Poaceae ". To make the identification work easier, it seems useful to present one compendium-key to the identification of apterous viviparous females of  Aphidinae species recorded on species of  Bambusoideae in the World. </p>
            <p> This key has been prepared using the general structure and several couplets in all of those keys by Blackman and Eastop; thirteen  Aphidinae species and subspecies have been included, and are:  Hysteroneura setariae (Thomas, 1878),  Melanaphis arundinariae (Takahashi, 1937),  Melanaphis bambusae (Fullaway, 1910),  Melanaphis meghalayensis bengalensis Raychaudhuri [D.N.] and Banerjee [C.], 1974,  Melanaphis meghalayensis meghalayensis Raychaudhuri [D.N.] and Banerjee [C.], 1974,  Melanaphis pahanensis (Takahashi, 1950),  Melanaphis sacchari (Zehntner, 1897),  Rhopalosiphum arundinariae (Tissot, 1933) and  Rhopalosiphum rufiabdominale (Schrank, 1899) (  Aphidinae Aphidini Rhopalosiphina ), and  Sitobion bambusicola (Ghosh [L.K.], 1986),  Sitobion fragariae (Walker, 1848),  Sitobion miscanthi (Takahashi, 1921) and  Sitobion papillatum subnudum Remaudière , 1985 (  Aphidinae Macrosiphini ). </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/A0EF33E82F9734F49A44292FD82E3E89	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Hidalgo, Nicolas Perez;Martinez-Torres, David;Collantes-Alegre, Jorge Mariano;Muller, William Villalobos;Nafria, Juan M. Nieto	Hidalgo, Nicolas Perez, Martinez-Torres, David, Collantes-Alegre, Jorge Mariano, Muller, William Villalobos, Nafria, Juan M. Nieto (2012): A new species of Rhopalosiphum (Hemiptera, Aphididae) on Chusquea tomentosa (Poaceae, Bambusoideae) from Costa Rica. ZooKeys 166: 59-73, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.166.2387, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.166.2387
