identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03D587F6FFF8FF85FF1C9EA2FD5DF854.text	03D587F6FFF8FF85FF1C9EA2FD5DF854.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Waltillia Leme, Barfuss & Halbritter 2017	<div><p>Waltillia Leme, Barfuss &amp; Halbritter, gen. nov.</p> <p>Diagnosis:—This new genus differs from Alcantarea, Stigmatodon, and Vriesea by its unique combination of morphological characters, such as unappendaged petals 4 to 6 times longer than wide, forming a narrow campanulate corolla, pollen with the sulcus margins more or less well defined but not sharply cut, the sulcus covered with a kind of operculum of almost smooth exine elements with some perforations, stigma of the convolute-blade II type, and seeds with a basal appendage equalling to distinctly shorter than the apical appendage.</p> <p>Type:— Vriesea hatschbachii L. B. Sm. &amp; R. W. Read.</p> <p>Description:— Plants terrestrial (including saxicolous) growing along the margins of running streams or in periodically soaked terrains. Leaves coriaceous, forming non-impounding rosettes; leaf blades sublinear, long-attenuate. Inflorescence usually simple or sometimes compound. Flowers distichous, downward secund at anthesis, nocturnal, weakly scented; petals free, 4 to 6 times longer than wide, recurved at anthesis and forming a narrow campanulate corolla, becoming erect again afterwards, unappendaged; filaments free, slightly complanate; anthers with the pollen sacs with a prevailingly frontal line of dehiscence, connective area completely exposed and not covered by the margins of the pollen sacs at anthesis; pollen with elliptic outline, ca. 70 μm in diameter, sulcate, the sulcus with moderately to weakly defined margins, covered with a kind of operculum of almost smooth exine elements with some perforations; ovary 1/4 to 1/3 inferior (considering the nectary), placentation totally superior; ovules caudate; stigma of the convolute-blade II type, green. Fruits a septicidal capsule; seeds with the umbrella-like, plumose basal coma equalling to distinctly shorter than the straight, undivided, well developed apical appendage.</p> <p>Species:— Waltillia is a monotypic genus.</p> <p>Etymology: —This new genus honors the botanist Walter Till, Curator of the Herbarium of the Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research, University of Vienna, leading authority in Bromeliaceae in general, and in subfamily Tillandsioideae in especial.</p> <p>Distinctive characters:— Waltillia is a member of tribe Vrieseeae, subtribe Vrieseinae, being closely related to Alcantarea, Stigmatodon and Vriesea (see results section above and table 2). However, this new genus differs from Alcantarea by petals 4 to 6 times longer than wide (vs. 10 to 15 times longer than wide), forming a narrow campanulate corolla (vs. corolla not campanulate), remaining persistent and becoming erect after anthesis (vs. ephemeral and flaccidescent after anthesis), unappendaged (vs. bearing well developed basal appendages); pollen sacs of the anthers with the line of dehiscence prevailingly frontal (vs. prevailingly lateral), leaving the connective area completely exposed and not covered by the margins of the pollen sacs at anthesis (vs. the opposed margins of the pollen sacs becoming strongly recurved and touching each other and completely covering the connective area at anthesis), pollen with sulcus margins more or less well defined but not sharply cut (vs. margins sharply cut), sulcus covered by a kind of operculum of almost smooth exine elements with some perforations (vs. sulcus without any or bearing only small and low ornamental elements), and stigma of the convolute-blade II type (vs. conduplicate-erect or conduplicate-patent types).</p> <p>In relation to Stigmatodon, it differs by having the leaf blades sublinear-attenuate, strongly canaliculate (vs. often triangular-acuminate, weakly if at all canaliculate), petals unappendaged (vs. bearing well developed basal appendages), stigma of the convolute-blade II type, densely papillose (vs. tubo-laciniate type, without papillae or rarely sparsely papillose), pollen with the sulcus covered by a kind of operculum of almost smooth exine elements with some perforation (vs. the sulcus covered by exine elements separated from each other, forming isolated exine islands), seeds with a basal appendage equalling to distinctly shorter than the apical appendage (vs. basal appendage distinctly longer than the seed proper and a short apical appendage).</p> <p>In comparison with Vriesea, it differs by having the leaf rosette with no or rudimentary water-holding capacity (vs. leaf rosette with distinct water-holding capacity), petals unappendaged (vs. bearing well developed basal appendages), pollen with the sulcus covered by a kind of operculum of almost smooth exine elements with some perforation (vs. the sulcus covered by exine elements separated from each other, forming isolated exine islands), and seeds with a basal appendage equalling to distinctly shorter than the apical appendage (vs. basal appendage well developed and many times longer than the inconspicuous apical appendage).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D587F6FFF8FF85FF1C9EA2FD5DF854	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Leme, Elton M. C.;Halbritter, Heidemarie;Barfuss, Michael H. J.	Leme, Elton M. C., Halbritter, Heidemarie, Barfuss, Michael H. J. (2017): Waltillia, a new monotypic genus in Tillandsioideae (Bromeliaceae) arises from a rediscovered, allegedly extinct species from Brazil. Phytotaxa 299 (1): 1-35, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.299.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.299.1.1
03D587F6FFF9FF87FF1C9ECBFC77F9EE.text	03D587F6FFF9FF87FF1C9ECBFC77F9EE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Waltillia hatschbachii (L. B. Smith & R. W. Read, Phytologia 2017) Leme, Barfuss & Halbritter 2017	<div><p>Waltillia hatschbachii (L. B. Smith &amp; R. W. Read) Leme, Barfuss &amp; Halbritter, comb. nov.</p> <p>Basionym:— Vriesea hatschbachii L. B. Smith &amp; R. W. Read, Phytologia 30(5): 292. 1975. Type:— BRAZIL. Minas Gerais: Gouveia, side of a rock slope by BR 259, 21 January 1972, G. Hatschbach 29085, L.B. Smith &amp; E. Ayensu (holotype US!, isotype MBM!).</p> <p>≡ Alcantarea hatschbachii (L. B. Sm. &amp; R. W. Read) Leme, Bromélia 2(3): 22. 1995, syn. nov.</p> <p>Emended description:— Plants terrestrial (including saxicolous), growing along the margins of running streams or in periodically soaked terrains, flowering 100–170 cm high with extended inflorescence. Leaves 14 to 20 in number, spirally arranged in more or less distinct rows, erect to slightly arcuate, forming non-impounding rosettes; leaf sheaths triangular, 9–10 cm long, 4.5–5.5 cm wide at the base, densely and coarsely white lepidote on both sides but mainly abaxially with strongly appressed trichomes, greenish to pale purplish-red adaxially, reddish-wine toward the apex abaxially, thick coriaceous; leaf blades sublinear, long-attenuate, not narrowed at the base, 55–110 × 1.7–2.5 cm, coriaceous, strongly canaliculate, often with inrolled margins, green on both sides, sometimes reddish near the base abaxially, densely and coarsely white lepidote adaxially with strongly appressed trichomes, inconspicously and sparsely white punctulate-lepidote to glabrescent abaxially, apex long-attenuately acute. Peduncle 75–110 cm long, 0.8–1 cm in diameter at the base, erect, glabrous, smooth, green; peduncle bracts the basal ones foliaceous and many times exceeding the internodes, erect or nearly so, green or reddish-wine near the base, the upper ones narrowly lanceolate to ovate, long-attenuately acute, 4–15 × 2–2.5 cm, green, erect, slightly exceeding to slightly shorter than the internodes, its basal portion not completely enfolding the peduncle and without water-holding capacity, glabrous. Inflorescence (fertile part) simple or sometimes compound, 30–57 cm long, erect or nearly so; primary bracts resembling the upper peduncle bracts, suberect, distinctly shorter than the stipes of the branches, green; lateral branches 1 to 3 in number, 18–26 cm long, first erect, then diverging and slightly ascending, 5.5–7 cm apart, 6 to 9-flowered, rachis slightly flexuous, subterete, 1–2 × 0.5–0.7 cm, glabrous, green, stipes 7–10 × 0.5–0.7 cm, slightly complanate, bearing 1 to 2 sterile bracts, carinate, green, glabrous; terminal branch (or when simple) sublinear in outline, erect, 35–51 cm long, 12 to 23-flowered, rachis straight to slightly flexuous, internodes 1–3.5 × 0.4–0.7 cm; stipe 13–16 × 0.7 cm long, bearing 2 to 3 sterile bracts slightly exceeding the internodes, but not concealing them, ecarinate; floral bracts broadly ovate, 28–43 × 25–30 mm, apex acute to broadly rounded and apiculate, green to yellowish-green, glabrous, convex, ecarinate to obtusely carinate toward the apex, nerved, not completely covering the sepals, equalling 3/5 to 5/6 of the sepal length, suberect, divergent before anthesis to slightly secund with the flowers at anthesis. Flowers suberect before anthesis, divergent to distinctly downwardly secund at anthesis, laxly (at the base) to densely (toward the apex) distichously arranged at anthesis, 75–83 mm long (including the stamens), nocturnal, weakly scented, pedicels 10–12 mm long, ca. 7 mm in diameter distally, dark green, glabrous; sepals oblong-elliptic, apex obtuse to emarginate, 30–33 × 10–13 mm, nerved, glabrous, free, ecarinate, dark green at the base and light green toward the apex, thin in texture especially toward the apex and margins; petals narrowly lanceolate to narrowly lanceolate-subspathulate, apex narrowly obtuse to emarginate, 65–73 × 14–16 mm, pale greenish-yellow, blades spreading at anthesis with recurved tips, exposing the stamens, forming a narrow campanulate corolla, becoming erect again afterwards, unappendaged but bearing at the base 2 callosities ca. 22 × 2 mm; stamens shorter than the petals to nearly equalling them and exserted due to the recurving petals; filaments free, slightly complanate, yellowish-green; anthers linear, 7–9 mm long, base bilobed, apex obtuse, dorsifixed ca. 1 mm above the base, slightly recurved toward the apex, the connective area not covered by the margins of the pollen sacs even not at late anthesis; pollen elliptic, ca. 70 μm in diameter, sulcate, the sulcus with margins moderately to weakly defined, covered by a kind of operculum of almost smooth exine elements with some perforations, exine reticulate, reticulum with a few free standing columellae; style slightly exceeding the petals and stamens, green; ovary 1/4 to 1/3 inferior (considering the nectary), placentation totally superior; ovules caudate; stigma of the convolute-blade II type, blades spreading-contorted, densely papillose, green, ca. 1 mm long. Fruits a septicidal capsule, narrowly fusiform, acuminate, ca. 27 mm long, 8–9 mm in diameter near the base, slightly shorter than the sepals; seeds 10–13 mm long, the umbrella-like, plumose basal coma 3–4 mm long, equalling to distinctly shorter than the straight, undivided apical appendage.</p> <p>Additional specimens examined:— BRAZIL. Minas Gerais: Gouveia, 22 January 1978, G. Hatschbach 40820 (MBM!); Gouveia, road Presidente Juscelino to Gouveia, BR 259, near the road to Camelinho, 1177 m elevation, 5 August 2010, E. Leme 8415, E. Guarçoni, B. Paixão &amp; R. Oliveira (RB!); 1224 m elevation, 5 August. 2010, E. Leme 8417, E. Guarçoni, B. Paixão &amp; R. Oliveira (RB!) [DNA B1579]; 1233 m elevation, 27 November 2010, E. Leme 8486, O. Ribeiro &amp; R. Oliveira (RB!) [DNA B1578]; 1250 m elevation, 27 November 2010, E. Leme 8487, O. Ribeiro &amp; R. Oliveira (RB!); 1214 m elevation, 27 November 2010, E. Leme 8488, O. Ribeiro &amp; R. Oliveira (RB!) [DNA B987]; 1214 m elevation, 27 November 2010, E. Leme 8489, O. Ribeiro &amp; R. Oliveira (RB!) [DNA B1576]; 1202 m elevation, 11 December 2011, E. Leme 8599, O. Ribeiro &amp; R. Oliveira (RB!); 1222 m elevation, 11 December 2011, E. Leme 8601, O. Ribeiro &amp; R. Oliveira (RB!); Santana do Pirapama near the border with Congonhas do Norte, Vale Mariazinha-Barbado, owner Antonio Leandro, near Trilha da Siurinha (Serra da Siurinha), 1220 m elevation, 26 November 2010, E. Leme 8475, O. Ribeiro, R. Oliveira &amp; C. Oliveira (RB!) [DNA B988]; E. Leme 8476, O. Ribeiro, R. Oliveira &amp; C. Oliveira (RB!) [DNA B989]; E. Leme 8477, O. Ribeiro, R. Oliveira &amp; C. Oliveira (RB!) [DNA B1577].</p> <p>Distribution, habitat and phenology:— Waltillia hatschbachii is endemic to Minas Gerais state, with two known subpopulations: one situated at the type locality, in the county of Gouveia, Diamantina plateau, and the second one distant about 40 km in straight line in the county of Santana do Pirapama, close to the border with the county of Congonhas do Norte, in the domain of the Serra do Cipó Range, in an ecologically similar microhabitat. The plants are associated with perennial streams of clean running water, along narrow valleys, with some shrubby vegetation at the margins, in the Campos Rupestres domain, above 1150 m elevation. Plants are terrestrial, deeply rooted in sandy soils, including saxicolous habit in organic-rich soils accumulated between rocks or on rock surfaces. They form island-like dense clumps of several individuals with vegetative propagation by means of 5 to 8 short axillary shoots, being well disguised amidst the grass-like predominant vegetation due to its general gramineous appearance without any showy feature typical for Bromeliaceae (e.g., bulky rosette structure, colorful floral parts). Plants are usually concentrated right on the margins of the streams, very close to the water, and often thriving in water-logged terrains.</p> <p>Waltillia hatschbachii is heliophilous, growing exposed to full sunlight, but was also observed in partially shaded sites where shrubs predominate. Its thickly coriaceous leaves become strongly enrolled during the dry winter season, which may be due to strong reduction of environmental water/humidity availability.</p> <p>The known subpopulations present reduced numbers of groups of individuals which are more or less concentrated in geographically restricted areas. However, the natural difficulties to locate non-flowering plants due to its disguising grass-like cryptic habit intermingled with the dense herbaceous vegetation, must be taken into consideration in an eventually underestimation of the population size.</p> <p>The flowering season of Waltillia coincides with that of most Alcantarea and many Vriesea species, starting in November and continuing up to January, during the period of the summer rains. In August, very old fruits were observed, but the few not released plumose seeds remained viable with almost 100% germination rate under controlled conditions in cultivation.</p> <p>Conservation Status:— The known subpopulations of Waltillia hatschbachii are located in areas not included in any conservation unit. The current main threat is the frequent fires that are continuously destroying the Campos Rupestres vegetation at the studied sites. The proximity of a highway to the type population near Gouveia also increases the risk of fire, illegal human occupation of the area, plus eventual plant extraction, despite this grass-like and poor colored tillandsioid, besides being of rarity, does not have any horticulturally attractive features.</p> <p>Applying the criteria adopted by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN 2001), this unique species can be considered critically endangered [CN; B2ab(ii)], since its area of occurrence is estimated to be less than 10 km 2 (B2), its habitat is severely fragmented (B2a) and in continuous decline [B2b(ii)]. In situ and ex situ conservation programs to assure the survival of Waltillia hatschbachii are urgently needed. The current ex situ conservation initiative by means of propagation from field collected seeds (fig. 9 G), with the production of several plantlets now distributed to Rio de Janeiro Botanical Garden and Fundação Zoobotânica de Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, may represent the first step toward the future survival of the species.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D587F6FFF9FF87FF1C9ECBFC77F9EE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Leme, Elton M. C.;Halbritter, Heidemarie;Barfuss, Michael H. J.	Leme, Elton M. C., Halbritter, Heidemarie, Barfuss, Michael H. J. (2017): Waltillia, a new monotypic genus in Tillandsioideae (Bromeliaceae) arises from a rediscovered, allegedly extinct species from Brazil. Phytotaxa 299 (1): 1-35, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.299.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.299.1.1
03D587F6FFFAFF86FF1C9814FA03FB3E.text	03D587F6FFFAFF86FF1C9814FA03FB3E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tillandsioideae Harms 1930	<div><p>Key to eastern Brazilian Tillandsioideae genera</p> <p>The recent revision of Tillandsioideae proposed by Barfuss et al. (2016), with profound changes in generic concepts, as well as the establishment of several new ones, recommends the elaboration of an identification key to the tillandsioid genera occurring in Brazil. The identification key presented here, which encompasses the new genus Waltillia not included in that revision, provides an overview of the key characters of the eastern Brazilian genera based on Barfuss et al. (2016).</p> <p>1 Sepals strongly asymmetric and seeds with a plumose flight apparatus formed at the apical end by multicellular hair folded at maturity, and a multicellular, undivided plume at the basal end; ovary 1/8 inferior to completely superior......................... Catopsis</p> <p>- Sepals symmetric or nearly so, if strongly asymmetric then seeds with divided, well developed plumose appendage at the basal end forming the flight apparatus and usually undivided, straight appendage at the apical end, or apical appendage lacking; ovary 1/8 to 1/2 inferior......................................................................................................................................................................................... 2.</p> <p>2 Seeds with long appendages on both ends, appendage at the basal end equalling to distinctly shorter than the well-developed appendage at the apical end............................................................................................................................................................... 3.</p> <p>- Seeds with usually well-developed appendage at the basal end many times longer than the inconspicuous appendage at the apical end, or appendage at the apical end lacking...................................................................................................................................... 4.</p> <p>3 Plants with prevailingly epilithic or saxicolous habit in well drained terrains; petals 10 to 15 times longer than wide, not forming a campanulate corolla, ephemeral and becoming flaccidescent after anthesis, bearing well developed basal appendages; pollen without any or with only small and low ornamental elements on the sulcus, which has sharply cut margins; anthers with the line of dehiscence on the pollen sacs prevailing lateral (latrorse dehiscence), the opposed margins of the pollen sacs becoming strongly recurved and touching each other and completely hiding the connective at anthesis; stigma of the conduplicate-erect or conduplicate-patent type, white......................................................................................................................................... Alcantarea</p> <p>- Plants with terrestrial (including saxicolous) habit associated with margins of running streams or periodically soaked soils; petals 4 to 6 times longer than wide, forming a narrow campanulate corolla, persistent and becoming erect after anthesis, unappendaged; pollen with a sulcus covered by a kind of operculum of almost smooth exine elements, the sulcus margins moderately to weakly defined; anthers with the line of dehiscence on the pollen sacs prevailing frontal (introrse dehiscence), the connective area completely exposed and not covered by the margins of the pollen sacs at anthesis; stigma of the convolute-blades II type, green................................................................................................................................................................................................... Waltillia</p> <p>4 Petals bearing well developed basal appendages or rarely unappendaged, totally free or shortly connate at the base only; stigma of the convolute-blade II, tubo-laciniate or cupulate type..................................................................................................................... 5.</p> <p>- Petals unappendaged; stigma of the conduplicate-pinnatisect, conduplicate-spiral, coralliform, simple-erect, simple-patent, simpletruncate type, or if of the convolute-blade I type then petals conglutinated/connate into a distinct tube......................................... 7.</p> <p>5 Stigma of the cupulate type; Amazonian distribution.......................................................................................................... Werauhia</p> <p>- Stigma of the convolute-blade II or tubo-laciniate type; usually non Amazonian distribution......................................................... 6.</p> <p>6 Epilithic exclusive on vertical granitic surfaces; leaves semi-xeromorphic or xeromorphic; stigma of the tubo-laciniate type.................................................................................................................................................................................................. Stigmatodon</p> <p>- Epiphytic, terrestrial or epilithic on more or less horizontal rocky outcrops, rarely in vertical rocky surfaces; leaves often mesomorphic, rarely semi-xeromorphic; stigma of the convolute-blade II type.................................................................... Vriesea</p> <p>7 Petals conglutinated/connate into a distinct tube; seeds with usually brown plumose basal appendage............................ Guzmania</p> <p>- Petals free; seeds with white plumose basal appendage.................................................................................................................... 8.</p> <p>8 Sepals strongly asymmetric.................................................................................................................................................. Racinaea</p> <p>- Sepals symmetric............................................................................................................................................................................... 9.</p> <p>9 Petals basally constricted into a claw, with usually strongly, rarely slightly enlarged spreading blades, forming a salverform corolla; stamens deeply included within the corolla; style shorter than the ovary; seeds without apical appendage.................................. 10.</p> <p>- Petals usually not basally constricted, much longer than broad, usually with erect often revolute apex and margins, or slightly cucullate, usually forming a tubular corolla or blades spreading to recurved, if rarely basally constricted into a claw with enlarged, spreading blades forming a salverform corolla, then plants xeromorphic; stamens included or exserted from the corolla; style usually much longer or rarely as long as or shorter than the ovary; seeds with a short to long apical appendage............. Tillandsia</p> <p>10 Leaves mostly conspicuously longitudinally reddish-brown striped near the base; petals blue to violet, rarely light blue to whitish; stigma of the conduplicate-pinnatisect type; ovules slenderly cylindric................................................................................ Wallisia</p> <p>- Leaves not longitudinally striped; petals white or rarely yellowish; stigma of the coralliform type; ovules clavate...... Lemeltonia</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D587F6FFFAFF86FF1C9814FA03FB3E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Leme, Elton M. C.;Halbritter, Heidemarie;Barfuss, Michael H. J.	Leme, Elton M. C., Halbritter, Heidemarie, Barfuss, Michael H. J. (2017): Waltillia, a new monotypic genus in Tillandsioideae (Bromeliaceae) arises from a rediscovered, allegedly extinct species from Brazil. Phytotaxa 299 (1): 1-35, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.299.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.299.1.1
