taxonID	type	description	language	source
03D457279602AB4FFCD0FC4BFE2A65D6.taxon	description	(FIGS 1, 2; TABLE 1) Diagnosis: Elongated marine Pseudoamphisiella, in vivo 160 – 240 Mm ¥ 30 – 40 Mm, with conspicuous extrusomes within outer alveolar layer, 25 – 44 macronuclear nodules, and 6 – 17 micronuclei. On average, 44 adoral membranelles; two buccal and three frontal cirri; one row of 16 – 21 strong transverse cirri that Data based on protargol-stained specimens. extends anteriorly almost to the proximal end of the adoral zone of membranelles (AZM); two or three fine pretransverse cirri; two widely separated ventral rows comprising between 16 and 18 cirri, respectively; 26 – 45 and 28 – 36 cirri in left and right marginal rows, respectively; six or seven caudal cirri; six or seven dorsal kineties. Type locality: Mariculture waters of the Yellow Sea coast at Qingdao, China (36 ° 08 ′ N; 120 ° 43 ′ E). Type specimens: One holotype slide of protargolimpregnated specimens is deposited in the Natural History Museum, London, UK, with registration no. 2008: 5: 14: 1. One paratype slide is deposited in the Laboratory of Protozoology, Ocean University of China (OUC), Qingdao, China, registration no. LLQ- 20071127 - 01. Etymology: The species name elongata (Latin adjective, meaning elongated or stretched) refers to the elongate body shape. Description: Cells are mostly 200 Mm ¥ 30 Mm in vivo, with a length to width ratio ranging roughly from 5: 1 to 7: 1. Body elongate, slender, and more or less cephalized; posterior end only slightly narrowed (Figs 1 A, B; 2 A, D). Cell flexible and slightly contractile, making it a little shorter when stationary than when moving (Fig. 2 B, G). Body margins generally straight and parallel. Outline shape variable, depending on nutritional status; starving individuals were widest in the buccal field (Figs 1 C, 2 C). Dorsoventrally flattened about 1: 3 (Fig. 2 E). Buccal field characteristically short and narrow, about 15 % of body length in vivo (Fig. 1 A, B). Pellicular alveolar layer clearly observed in vivo, about 3 – 4 - Mm thick, with densely arranged rodshaped extrusomes perpendicular to pellicle (Figs 1 E arrows, 2 B arrows, 2 E inset, 2 F). When viewed dorsally, the alveolar layer is seen to have an irregular polygonal structure (Figs 1 D, 2 H). Cytoplasm colourless, whereas ingested food (e. g. pennate diatoms) usually makes the cell opaque when observed at lower magnifications (Fig. 2 A, B, D). Contractile vacuole not observed, possibly absent. Between 25 and 44 macronuclear nodules (Ma), spherical to slightly oval in shape; between 6 and 17 micronuclei (Mi), spherical, about 3 Mm in diameter (Figs 1 G, 2 N). Locomotion is typically achieved by rapid and continuous crawling on debris or on the bottom of the Petri dish. Occasionally P. elongata sp. nov. specimens remain still for long periods, until they are disturbed. The distal end of the AZM curves posteriorly onto the right side towards the buccal cavity. The longest membranelle base is about 12 - Mm wide, with those in the distal (right) portion of the AZM distinctly shorter than those in proximal (left) portion. The paroral membrane (PM) is shorter than the endoral membrane (EM), but they do not cross each other (Figs 1 F, 2 M). Most of the somatic cirri are relatively fine and are about 15 - Mm long. Three slightly enlarged frontal cirri (FC) are situated along the distal portion of the AZM. The posteriormost FC are positioned between the anterior end of the right marginal row and the distal end of the AZM (Figs 1 F, 2 M arrows). Two mediumsized buccal cirri (BC) are located between the PM and the EM (arrows in Fig. 1 F). The left midventral row is long, starting near the undulating membranes (UM) and terminating at the posterior fifth of the body length (Figs 1 F, 2 N). The right midventral row (RMVR) is composed of densely arranged cirri, anteriorly terminating around the distal end of the AZM, and extending posteriorly to between three-fifths and two-thirds of the body length (Figs 1 F, 2 K arrow). About 20 highly developed transverse cirri (TC), ~ 20 Mm long, are arranged in a J-shaped row that extends anteriorly to about the level of the cytostome (Figs 1 F, 2 N). Two fine pretransverse cirri (PTC) are situated close to the posterior end of the TC (Figs 1 F arrowheads, 2 L arrows). The left and right marginal rows (LMR, RMR) have 26 – 45 and 28 – 36 cirri, respectively; the ends of the marginal rows are confluent with caudal cirri at the posterior end of cell, and hence it is difficult to distinguish where the marginal rows terminate (Figs 1 F, 2 J arrow). Strong fibrils are associated with almost all of the somatic cirri, as revealed by protargol impregnation (Figs 1 F, 2 N). Six or seven dorsal kineties (DK) extend along the whole length of the body, with dorsal cilia of about 5 - Mm long (Figs 1 G, 2 I arrows).	en	Li, Liqiong, Song, Weibo, Al-Rasheid, Khaled A. S., Warren, Alan, Li, Zicong, Xu, Yuan, Shao, Chen (2010): Morphology and morphogenesis of a new marine hypotrichous ciliate (Protozoa, Ciliophora, Pseudoamphisiellidae), including a report on the small subunit rRNA gene sequence. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 158 (2): 231-243, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00546.x, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00546.x
