identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03D756529E23FFB62192FF68DA9CCCB5.text	03D756529E23FFB62192FF68DA9CCCB5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Anthurium monteazulense Croat, O. Ortiz & Baldini 2015	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Anthurium monteazulense Croat, O.Ortiz &amp; Baldini ,  sp. nov. (Fig. 1) </p>
            <p>Species characterized by epiphytic habit, loosely intact cataphylls, long-petiolate leaves (to 30 cm long), moderately large narrowly ovate, brownish green-drying, bullate, subcordate and acuminate blades with two pairs of basal veins as well as by the narrowly lanceolate green reflexed-spreading spathe and short-stipitate green to greenish yellow cylindroid spadix.</p>
            <p>Type: — PANAMA. Chiriquí: vic. Monte Azul, 1.4 mi N of Entre Rios on E slopes of Cerro Punta, 3 mi by road from town of Cerro Punta, 2250 m, 8°53’06”N 82°34’30”W, 22 November 1979, T. Antonio 2716 (holotype, MO!).</p>
            <p>Epiphytic or hemiepipetric; stems to 1 m long; internodes 1–1.5 cm long, 8 mm diam. on drying, dark brown, longitudinally ribbed, matte; cataphylls to 12 cm long, drying dark brown, thin, persisting semi-intact at upper nodes but soon deciduous with no trace of fibers; petioles 28.5–30 cm long, 0.5 cm diam., medium green, weakly sulcate, drying dark brown to reddish, prominently and deeply sulcate, drying matte to weakly glossy; geniculum 1.5 cm long; blades ovate-subcordate, 23–25 × 11.5–12.5 cm, 2 times longer than broad, 0.8 times as long as petioles, narrowly long-acuminate at apex, subcordate at base, thinly coriaceous, slightly bicolorous, dark green and matte above, moderately paler and semiglossy below, drying brownish green and matte above, bullate, moderately paler and semiglossy below; posterior lobes rounded; sinus arcuate to triangular, 7–10 mm deep; basal veins 2 pairs, free to base or slightly fused 2– 3 mm; midrib drying narrowly rounded, concolorus, weakly ribbed on both sides, narrowly round-raised, matte, darker brown; primary lateral veins 7–9 pairs, arising at 40–60° angle, weakly raised and narrowly rounded, concolorous with surface above, narrowly raised and darker than surface below; posterior ribs 2–3 mm long, sometimes naked up to 2 mm; collective veins arising from the first pair of basal veins, 4–8 mm from the margin; tertiary veins sunken above, prominently raised below; both surfaces smooth; lower surface short pale-lineate. Inflorescence erect; peduncle 21–24 cm long, 1.5–2 mm diam.; spathe reflexed-spreading, narrowly lanceolate, 3.5–4.2 × 7–8 mm long., narrowly long-acuminate at apex; spadix stipitate 3 mm, cylindroid-tapered, green to yellowish-green, 3.2 cm long, 4 mm diameter, flowers 3–4 visible in the principal spiral, 4–5 in the alternate spiral. Berries not seen.</p>
            <p>Etymology:— The species is named for the type locality near Monte Azul in Chiriquí Province near Cerro Punta.</p>
            <p>Distribution:— This species is known only from the type locality in Chiriquí, Cerro Punta, Panama (Fig. 4).</p>
            <p> Habitat and Ecology:—  Anthurium monteazulense grows at 2250 m in a Lower montane rain forest life zone according to the classification of zones proposed by Holdridge et al. (1971). </p>
            <p>Phenology:— The specimens examined are all flowering in November. Further investigations are required to determine exact flowering and fruiting time.</p>
            <p> Conservation status:— Following the IUCN Red List criteria (IUCN 2001),  Anthurium monteazulense should be listed as Data Deficient (DD). </p>
            <p>Additional specimens examined (paratypes):— PANAMA. Chiriqui: vic. Monte Azul, 1.4 mi N of Entre Rios on E slopes of Cerro Punta, 3 mi by road from town of Cerro Punta, 2250 m, 8°53’12”N 82°34’48”W, 25 November 1979, Croat 48592 (MO, PMA).</p>
             TABLE 1. Characters distinguishing  Anthurium monteazulense from  A. davidsoniae .  Anthurium davidsoniae21–24 cm9–19 cm
            <p> Discussion:—  Anthurium monteazulense is related to and long confused with  A. davidsoniae Standley (1940: 4) , but the latter species differs with by having leaf blades which dry green and have four pairs of basal vein at least two pairs of which are in part conspicuously coalesced, shorter and more slender petioles, broadly lobed cordate blades, more pairs of primary lateral veins and inflorescences with shorter peduncles (Table1). </p>
            <p> Anthurium monteazulense is also related to others species of section  Xialophyllium such as  A. microspadix ,  A. myosuroides Endlicher ex Kunth (1841: 72) ,  A. holquinianum Croat &amp; Bay (in Croat et al. 2006: 34),  A. patens Croat (in Croat et al. 2010: 131) and  A. leptocaule Croat (1986: 127) .  Anthurium microspadix differs by having typically smaller blades, usually more than twice as long as broad, not conspicuously bullate and petioles mostly to 16 cm long (vs. more than 28 cm long);  A. myosuroides differs by having blades usually elliptic (vs. blades ovate), widest at the middle or just below the middle, not conspicuously bullate and spadix usually more than 5 cm long at anthesis (vs. less than 4 cm long);  A. holquinianum differs by having blades with 10–14 pairs of primary laterals veins (vs. 7–9 pairs of primary laterals veins), 3–5 pairs of basal veins (vs. 2 pairs of basal veins) and a cream to creamy white spadix (vs. a green to yellowish-green spadix);  A. patens differs by having more slender internodes (3–4 mm diam) versus internodes thicker (8 mm diam), petioles mostly to 1–6 cm long versus longer petioles (above 28 cm long) and  A. leptocaule differs by having cordate blades drying brown (vs. subcordate blades drying brownish green), more than four pairs of basal veins (vs. two pairs of basal veins) and spadix usually above 7 cm long at anthesis (vs. less than 4 cm long). </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D756529E23FFB62192FF68DA9CCCB5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Ortiz, Orlando O.;Croat, Thomas B.;Baldini, Riccardo M.	Ortiz, Orlando O., Croat, Thomas B., Baldini, Riccardo M. (2015): Two new species of Anthurium section Xialophyllium (Araceae) from Panama. Phytotaxa 219 (3): 253-260, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.219.3.5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.219.3.5
03D756529E22FFB32192FD42DB3DCCB5.text	03D756529E22FFB32192FD42DB3DCCB5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Anthurium batistae Croat, O. Ortiz & Baldini 2015	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Anthurium batistae Croat, O.Ortiz &amp; Baldini ,  sp. nov. (Fig. 2–3) </p>
            <p>The species is characterized by its terrestrial habit, elongate internodes, mostly deciduous cataphylls, subterete petioles, narrowly ovate narrowly long-acuminate blades which are rounded at base and dry moderately dark brown with one pair of basal veins and 4–5 pairs of primary lateral veins as well as by the lanceolate green spathe, prominently stipitate purplish red narrowly cylindroid spadix.</p>
            <p>Type:— PANAMA. Veraguas: Parque Nacional Santa Fe, La Sabaneta, 1240 m, 8°40’33”N 80°59’30”W, 30 October 2014, Juvenal Batista, Ángela Cano &amp; Mathieu Perret 1215 (holotype, PMA!).</p>
            <p>Terrestrial herb to less than 1 m tall; internodes elongate, 6.5–9 cm long, 6 mm diam.; drying medium yellow-brown; cataphylls 2–2.5 cm long, mostly soon deciduous with a few remnants at node; petioles subterete, 19.5–22.5 cm long, 1.5–2 mm diam.; blades narrowly ovate, 18–19 × 9.2–10.5 cm, 1.8 times longer than wide, slightly shorter than the petioles, broadest in lower 1/3, narrowly long-acuminate at apex, rounded at base, drying moderately dark brown, slightly paler and yellowish green below; basal veins one pair; collective veins arising from the only basal veins or the lowermost pair of primary lateral veins, 6–8 mm from the margin; primary lateral veins 4–5 pairs, arising at 55–60° angle, prominently loop-connecting the primary lateral veins; tertiary veins raised above, prominently raised below; upper and lower surfaces lacking short pale lineations. Inflorescence erect; peduncle 22 cm long, 1.5 mm diam.; spathe lanceolate, 2.5 × 0.6 cm, spreading-reflexed, green weakly tinged with purple; spadix 3.2 cm long, 3 mm diam., narrowly cylindroid, faintly purplish red, prominently stipitate, stipe 2 cm long, 1 mm diam., faintly tinged red; flowers 3 visible per spiral. Berries not seen.</p>
            <p>Etymology:— The species is named in honour of Juvenal Batista, a young Panamanian Botanist who collected this new species for the first time.</p>
            <p>Distribution:— This species is known only from the type locality in Veraguas Province, Santa Fe, Panama (Fig. 4).</p>
            <p> Habitat and Ecology:—  Anthurium batistae grows at 1240 m in a Premontane rainforest life zone according to the classification of zones proposed by Holdridge et al. (1971). </p>
            <p>Phenology:— October. Further investigations are required to determine exact flowering and fruiting seasons.</p>
            <p> Conservation status:— According to IUCN (2001),  Anthurium batistae would be considered as Data Deficient (DD). </p>
            <p> Discussion:—  Anthurium batistae is similar to  A. microspadix , but this latter species has shorter petioles, proportionately narrower blades, inflorescences with shorter peduncles, longer spathes, a shorter stipe and yellowish green stipe and spadices (Table 2). </p>
            <p> Anthurium batistae is also related to others species of section  Xialophyllium with subcordate blades such  A. monteazulense ,  A. myosuroides ,  A. patens ,  A. holquinianum and  A. davidsoniae .  Anthurium monteazulense differs by having upper internodes all short (1–1.5 cm long) versus very elongated internodes (6–9 cm long), blades with 7–9 pairs of primary lateral veins (vs. 4–5 pairs of primary lateral veins) and green to yellowish-green spadix (vs. purplish red spadix);  A. myosuroides differs by having shorter petioles (4–13 cm long) versus petioles longer (19–22.5 cm long), blades with 3–4 pairs of basal veins (vs. 1 pairs of basal veins) and a yellowish spadix (vs. purplish red spadix);  A. patens differs by having blades with 2–4 pairs of basal veins and a sessile or slightly stipitate spadix (2 mm long) versus a prominently stipitate spadix (2 cm long) and a pale green to dark green spadix;  A. holquinianum differs by having blades with 3–5 pairs of basal veins, a cream to creamy white spadix that is usually 10–18 cm long at anthesis (vs. spadix less than 4 cm long) and  A. davidsoniae differs by having 3–4 pairs of basal veins and a yellow-green spadix at anthesis. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D756529E22FFB32192FD42DB3DCCB5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Ortiz, Orlando O.;Croat, Thomas B.;Baldini, Riccardo M.	Ortiz, Orlando O., Croat, Thomas B., Baldini, Riccardo M. (2015): Two new species of Anthurium section Xialophyllium (Araceae) from Panama. Phytotaxa 219 (3): 253-260, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.219.3.5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.219.3.5
