identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03C887CA2E1DFFB3FF0FFEE9FC782FB4.text	03C887CA2E1DFFB3FF0FFEE9FC782FB4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parachironomus Lenz 1921	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Parachironomus Lenz, 1921</p>
            <p> Diagnosis (emended). Based on the material described below, the generic diagnosis for  Parachironomus male (Cranston et al. 1989; Spies et al. 1994), pupa (Pinder &amp; Reiss 1986) and larva (Pinder &amp; Reiss 1983) must be emended as follows. Pubescent ventral expansion of superior volsella in adult male hypopygium usually absent. Pupal cephalic tubercles usually present, and stout setae D5 placed on large and prominent tubercles on tergites III–VII may occur. Larval mentum sometimes with 6th lateral tooth larger than 5th and set forward, and ventromental plates with anterior margin strongly scalloped. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C887CA2E1DFFB3FF0FFEE9FC782FB4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Trivinho-Strixino, Susana;Silva, Fabio Laurindo Da;Roque, Fabio Oliveira	Trivinho-Strixino, Susana, Silva, Fabio Laurindo Da, Roque, Fabio Oliveira (2010): A new species of Parachironomus Lenz, 1921 (Diptera: Chironomidae: Chironominae), and description of immature stages of two other species from the Neotropical Region. Zootaxa 2689: 1-14, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.199500
03C887CA2E1DFFB4FF0FFD5FFC0D2F14.text	03C887CA2E1DFFB4FF0FFD5FFC0D2F14.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parachironomus lupus	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Parachironomus lupus sp. n.</p>
            <p>(Figs. 1–16)</p>
            <p>Material examined. Holotype male, BRAZIL: São Paulo State, Itirapina, Represa do Lobo (22º11’07”S; 47º53’40”W), viii/1987, S. Trivinho-Strixino. Paratypes: 1 male, 2 larvae as holotype. 2 males with pupal and larval exuviae, 1 larva, as holotype except for Brotas, Lagoa Dourada (22o11’35”S; 47o55’03”W), 10/x/2003. 1 male, as previous except for xii/2002. 2 pupae, as previous except for 15/vii/2002, F. O. Roque.</p>
            <p> Etymology. From Latin  lupus (wolf) after the name of the reservoir where the larvae were collected (Represa do Lobo = Wolf Reservoir). </p>
            <p> Diagnostic characters.  Parachironomus lupus differs from other  Parachironomus species by the combination of the following characters. Adult male: hypopygium with superior volsella ventrally bearing a large, pubescent expansion. Pupa: it is indistinguishable from  P. alatus Beck &amp; Beck, 1969 . Larva: premandible with 3 teeth, proximal tooth wider and anterior margin strongly scalloped of the ventromental plate. </p>
            <p>Description. Male (n = 4 unless otherwise stated)</p>
            <p>Dimensions. Total length [3.68] 3.20–3.78 mm. Wing length [1.78] 1.31–1.78 mm. Total length/wing length [2.06] 2.06–2.40. Wing length/length of fore femur [6.63] 5.66–6.63.</p>
            <p>Coloration. Head yellowish brown, flagellum and maxillary palp pale brown. Thorax yellowish brown, scutellum pale brown. Wing clear, without spots; membrane transparent, veins pale brown. Legs pale brown. Abdomen and hypopygium brown.</p>
            <p>Head. Antenna with 11 flagellomeres, AR [2.19] 2.00–2.19 (10), flagellum [1119] 975–1131 μm long. Eyes bare, with dorsomedian extension containing 5–6 facets. Eyes ratio [0.77] 0.55–1.07. Palpomere 1–5 lengths (in μm): [23] 20–25; [25] 25–31; [66] 66–80; [134] 126–135; [160] 160–271 (2). Frontal tubercles small, [22] 22 (1) μm long, [17] 17 (1) μm wide. Temporal setae [14] 12–14 (3), irregularly uniserial. Clypeus with [16] 12–16 setae.</p>
            <p>Thorax. Antepronotum with 4 (1) lateral setae. Acrostichals [6] 6–10, biserial, beginning near antepronotum; dorsocentrals [7] 6–8, partly biserial; prealars [4] 3–5 (3); supraalar 1 (3); scutellars [6] 8 (3), biserial, irregular. Scutal tubercle absent.</p>
            <p>Wing [0.52] 0.38–0.52 mm wide. Membrane without setae. Brachiolum with [2] 2 setae. Wing macrotrichia on C,R, R1, R4+5; submarginal row of setae on costa not reaching much further basal than R1; R with [17] 11–18 setae; R1 with [16] 11–16 setae; R4+5 with [22] 12–22 setae in distal half of vein. Squama with 1-2 setae. R2+3 ending about 1/3 distance between apices of R1 and R4+5.VR [1.20] 1.20–1.32 (3). FV [0.37] 1.20–0.51 (3).</p>
            <p>Legs. Mid and hind tibiae each with two narrowly separated combs; each comb with a spur. Tarsal claws on all legs slender and hook-like, pulvilli well developed. Lengths and proportions of legs as in Table 1.</p>
            <p>Hypopygium (Figs. 1–4). Transversal anal tergite bands short, fading far apart medially. Caudal region of anal tergite without lateral projections. Anal point slender [55] 55–65 (3) μm long, slightly expanded distally, nearly 1.5 wider than the base, originating near caudal margin of anal tergite. Anal tergite with [16] 16–22 setae dorsomedially, around base of anal point, and laterally. Superior volsella, stout; enlarged distally with one setae arising from large pit; ventrally with a large, pubescent expansion. Inferior volsella pubescent, without caudal projection, not reaching beyond anal tergite. Gonocoxite with 4–5 medio-basal setae. Gonostylus long, about [5.50] 5.17–6.69 times as long as wide, narrowest in mid and distal regions and bearing numerous long to medium sized setae; 4–7 medio-distal setae. One apical seta. HR [0.65] 0.65–0.92.</p>
            <p>Pupa (n = 4 unless otherwise stated)</p>
            <p>Dimension. Abdomen 2.60–3.10 mm long.</p>
            <p>Coloration. Exuviae pale brown.</p>
            <p>Cephalothorax. Cephalic tubercles absent; frontal setae 58 (1) μm long (Fig. 5). Wing sheath 0.84–1.05 mm long. Thorax sparsely granulose dorsally (Fig. 6); scutal tubercle weakly developed; prealar tubercle present; antepronotals 2, precorneals 2, dorsocentrals 4. Basal ring weakly constricted medially (Fig. 7).</p>
            <p>Abdomen. Shagreenation on T I–VIII covering most of tergite and with fine reticulations (Fig. 8). T II with posterior row of recurved hooks on distinct posteriorly projecting flap, uninterrupted medially, occupying about 1/3 the width of 2nd tergite. T III-VI with conspicuous posteromedian patch of spines higher on tergite V and VII; D5 stout, arising from large and prominent tubercles (Fig. 9). Sternites without conspicuous armature. Pedes spurii A present in segment IV, reduced to few spinules. Pedes spurii B inconspicuous. Segments I–IV with 0, 3, 3, 3 L setae, respectively; segments V–VII all with 4 taeniae; segment VIII with 5 taeniae. Anal lobe with complete fringe of about 67–86 taeniae; lamelliform dorsal seta present.</p>
            <p>4th instar larva (n = 5 unless otherwise stated)</p>
            <p>Coloration. Body light red and head yellowish. Procercus and anal setae pale brown. Posterior parapod claws pale yellowish.</p>
            <p>Head 335–369 μm long, 250–300 (4) μm wide; ventral length 178–215 μm long. IC 0.70–0.86.</p>
            <p>Antenna (Fig. 10) 112–120 μm long, with 5 segments, basal segment 61–72 μm long, with ring organ 14– 16 (4) μm from base. AR 1.03–1.50. Antennal blade well developed arising from apical portion of basal segment reaching the middle of 4th segment; 4th segment nearly 3 times as long as 3rd segment.</p>
            <p>Labrum. SI short, blade-like; SII blade-like, twice as long as SI; SIII seta-like; SIVa very small, 2 segmented. Pecten epipharyngis as in Figure 11. Premandible with 3 teeth, proximal tooth wider; brush absent (Fig. 12).</p>
            <p>Maxilla. (Fig. 13) Basal palp segment 21–26 (4) μm long, 15–17 μm wide, with ring organ 12–15 (4) μm from base.</p>
            <p>Mandible (Fig. 14) 139–150 μm long with a long apical tooth and 2 inner triangular teeth brownish. Seta subdentalis short, passing 1st inner tooth.</p>
            <p>Mentum (Fig. 15). With a middle tooth and 6 dark lateral teeth; middle tooth simple, not notched; 6th lateral tooth larger than 5th and set forward. Ventromental plate about 0.50-0.72 times as long as mentum width, with anterior margin strongly scalloped.</p>
            <p> FIGURES 5–9.  Parachironomus lupus sp. n. , pupa. 5. Frontal apotome. 6. Thorax. 7. Basal ring. 8. Abdomen, dorsal view. 9. Posteromedian patches of spines and setae D5 on tergites III-VII. Scales: Fig. 5 = 100 μm; Fig. 7 = 50 μm; Figs. 6, 8 = 500 μm. </p>
            <p>Abdomen (Fig. 16). Procercus 0.82–1.18 times as long as wide, with 7 anal setae. Anal tubules 151–210 (2) μm long. Posterior parapod with pale yellowish claws.</p>
            <p> Remarks. The best differential feature to separate the male of  P. lupus from other  Parachironomus species is the shape of the superior volsella, with its large pubescent ventral expansion. The pupal exuviae presents characteristics shared with  P. alatus Beck &amp; Beck , such as absence of cephalic tubercles; posterolateral corners of segment VIII without spines, tergites III to VII with D5 stout, arising from large and prominent tubercles. The larva of  P. lupus is similar to that of  P. alatus Beck &amp; Beck , and can be separated by premandible with three teeth, proximal tooth wider and anterior margin strongly scalloped of the ventromental plate. These diagnostic characters found in  P. lupus would be enough to support the proposition of a new genus or subgenus. However, in the absence of additional (e.g. molecular) evidence, we consider it as more adequate to hypothesize  P. lupus as a species of  Parachironomus . </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C887CA2E1DFFB4FF0FFD5FFC0D2F14	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Trivinho-Strixino, Susana;Silva, Fabio Laurindo Da;Roque, Fabio Oliveira	Trivinho-Strixino, Susana, Silva, Fabio Laurindo Da, Roque, Fabio Oliveira (2010): A new species of Parachironomus Lenz, 1921 (Diptera: Chironomidae: Chironominae), and description of immature stages of two other species from the Neotropical Region. Zootaxa 2689: 1-14, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.199500
03C887CA2E1AFFBBFF0FFD04FB1D2F9E.text	03C887CA2E1AFFBBFF0FFD04FB1D2F9E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parachironomus cayapo Spies, Fittkau & Reiss 1994	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Parachironomus cayapo Spies, Fittkau &amp; Reiss, 1994</p>
            <p>(Figs. 17–27)</p>
            <p>Material examined. Male with pupal exuviae, BRAZIL: São Paulo State, Pirassununga, Cepta Reservoir (21º55’55”S; 47º22’354”), ix/2003, S. Trivinho-Strixino. 1 male with pupal exuviae, as previous except for São Carlos (21º59’10”S; 47º52’52”W), Represa do Monjolinho, 23/iv/2002, T. Siqueira. 1 male with pupal exuviae, as previous except v/2002, L. C. S. Correia. 3 larvae, as previous. 1 larva, as previous except for Represa da Mata /Canchim Farm, 11/xi/2000, S. Trivinho-Strixino.</p>
            <p> Diagnostic characters. The pupa and larva of  P. cayapo can be differentiated by combination of the following characters. Pupa: cephalic tubercles present; posterolateral corners of segment VIII with 4–6 spines; sternite II without anterior and posterior transversal band of spines. Larva: mentum with 7th lateral tooth divided into 3 or 4 denticles clearer than others; premandible with 3 teeth decreasing gradually. </p>
            <p>Description. Pupa (n = 3 unless otherwise stated)</p>
            <p>Dimension. Abdomen 2.70–3.80 mm long.</p>
            <p>Coloration. Exuviae pale brown.</p>
            <p>Cephalothorax. Cephalic tubercles 45 (1) μm long, short, conical, apically pointed; frontal setae 38-34 (2) μm long, inserted subapically (Fig. 17). Wing sheath 0.97–1.22 mm long. Thorax sparsely granulose dorsally (Fig. 18); scutal tubercle weakly developed; prealar tubercle well developed; antepronotals 2, precorneals 2, dorsocentrals 4. Basal ring weakly constricted medially (Fig. 19).</p>
            <p>Abdomen. T I–VIII apparently without reticulation. T II with posterior row of recurved hooks on distinct posteriorly projecting flap, uninterrupted medially, occupying about 1/3 the width of 2nd tergite. T III-V with small spines concentrated on posteromedian area; T VI with conspicuous posteromedian patch of small spines (Fig. 20). Sternites without conspicuous armature. Posterolateral corners of segment VIII with 4–6 spines (Fig. 21). Pedes spurii B inconspicuous. Pedes spurii A present in segment IV, reduced to few spinules. Segments I– IV with 0, 3, 3, 3 L setae, respectively; segments V–VII all with 4 taeniae; segment VIII with 5 taeniae. Anal lobe with complete fringe of about 76–108 (2) taeniae; lamelliform dorsal seta present.</p>
            <p>4th instar larva (n = 4 unless otherwise stated)</p>
            <p>Coloration. Body light red and head yellowish. Procercus and anal setae pale brown. Posterior parapod claws all pale yellowish.</p>
            <p>Head 294–363 μm long, 256–288 μm wide; ventral length 144–175μm long. IC 0.79–0.91.</p>
            <p>Antenna (Fig. 22) 125–148 μm long, with 5 segments, basal antennal segment 74–86 μm long, with ring organ placed 28–31 μm from base. AR 1.29–1.45. Antennal blade well developed arising from apical portion of basal segment reaching the middle of 4th segment. 4th antennal segment 1.5 times as long as 3rd antennal segment.</p>
            <p>Labrum. SI short, blade-like; SII blade-like, twice as long as SI; SIII seta-like; SIVa very small, 2 segmented. Pecten epipharyngis as in Figure 23. Premandible with 3 teeth decreasing gradually; brush absent (Fig. 24).</p>
            <p>Maxilla (Fig. 25). Basal palp segment 18–25 μm long, 14–17 μm wide, with ring organ 8–9 μm from base.</p>
            <p>Mandible (Fig. 26) 108–120 μm long, with apical tooth and 2 triangular inner teeth brown. Seta subdentalis short, not surpassing 1st inner tooth.</p>
            <p>Mentum (Fig. 27). With one simple middle tooth and 7 pairs of lateral teeth; 7th lateral lighter-colored than all other teeth and divided into 3 or 4 denticles. Ventromental plate about 0.81–0.85 times as wide as mentum, anterior margin crenulate.</p>
            <p>Abdomen. Procercus 1.08–1.15 (2) times as long as wide, with 7 anal setae. Anal tubules 163–200 (2) μm long. Posterior parapod with pale yellowish claws.</p>
            <p> Remarks. The pupa of  P. cayapo differs from  P. longistilus and  P. lupus by the presence of spines in the posterolateral corners of segment VIII, and can be separated from  P. tirio by the absence of transverse spine bands on sternite II. The number of taeniae in the anal lobe allows separated  P. cayapo from circum-Caribbean  P. directus Dendy &amp; Sublette, 1959 and the eastern Nearctic  P. carinatus Townes. The serrated 7th lateral tooth of mentum separates the larva of  P. cayapo from those of other species known from Brazil. However, the character is also seen in P. d i re c t u s and P. c a r i n a t u s (Beck &amp; Beck 1969; Epler 2001). </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C887CA2E1AFFBBFF0FFD04FB1D2F9E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Trivinho-Strixino, Susana;Silva, Fabio Laurindo Da;Roque, Fabio Oliveira	Trivinho-Strixino, Susana, Silva, Fabio Laurindo Da, Roque, Fabio Oliveira (2010): A new species of Parachironomus Lenz, 1921 (Diptera: Chironomidae: Chironominae), and description of immature stages of two other species from the Neotropical Region. Zootaxa 2689: 1-14, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.199500
03C887CA2E15FFBEFF0FFD71FDAC2F66.text	03C887CA2E15FFBEFF0FFD71FDAC2F66.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parachironomus tirio Spies, Fittkau & Reiss 1994	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Parachironomus tirio Spies, Fittkau &amp; Reiss, 1994</p>
            <p>(Figs. 28–37)</p>
            <p>Material examined. Male with pupal and larval exuviae, BRAZIL: São Paulo State, Luíz Antônio (21º36’23”S; 47º47’58”W), Lagoa do Diogo, 20/x/2003, M. A. Jancso. 2 females with pupal and larval exuviae, as previous except for Beija-Flor Reservoir, 1/xii/2002, S. Trivinho-Strixino.</p>
            <p>Diagnostic characters. The pupa and larva of P. t i r i o can be separated by combination of the following characters. Pupa: cephalic tubercles present; posterolateral corners of segment VIII with spurs; sternite II with anterior and posterior transversal band of spines. Larva: mentum with 7th lateral tooth not divided, shorter than 6th lateral and clearer than others; premandible with proximal tooth shorter.</p>
            <p>Pupa (n = 3 unless otherwise stated)</p>
            <p>Dimension. Abdomen 2.20–2.30 (2) mm long.</p>
            <p>Coloration. Exuviae pale brown.</p>
            <p>Cephalothorax. Cephalic tubercles 15-23 (2) μm long, short, conical, apically pointed; frontal setae 14-22 (2) μm long, inserted subapically (Fig. 28). Wing sheath 0.71–0.83 mm long. Thorax sparsely granulose dorsally; scutal tubercle weakly developed; prealar tubercle inconspicuous; antepronotals 2 (2), precorneals 2 (2), dorsocentrals 4 (2). Basal ring weakly constricted medially.</p>
            <p>Abdomen. T I–VIII apparently without reticulation. T II with posterior row of recurved hooks on distinct posteriorly projecting flap, uninterrupted medially, occupying about 1/3 the width of 2nd tergite. T III-VI with small spines concentrated on posteromedian area (Fig. 29); Sternite II with anterior and posterior transversal band of pale spines (Fig. 30). Posterolateral corners of segment VIII with 2–3 pale spines (Fig. 31). Pedes spurii B inconspicuous. Pedes spurii A present in segment IV, reduced to few spinules. Segments I–IV with 0, 3, 3, 3 L setae, respectively; segments V–VII all with 4 taeniae; segment VIII with 5 taeniae. Anal lobe with complete fringe of about 64–80 taeniae; lamelliform dorsal seta present.</p>
            <p>4th instar larva (n = 2 unless otherwise stated)</p>
            <p>Coloration. Body pale red, head yellowish. Procercus and anal setae pale brown. Posterior parapod claws pale yellowish.</p>
            <p>Head 281–344 μm long, 269–281 μm wide; ventral length 125–144μm long. IC 0.82–0.96.</p>
            <p>Antenna (Fig. 32) 94–132 μm long, with 5 segments, basal antennal segment 52–83 μm long, with ring organ placed 14–31 μm from base. AR 1.26–1.69. Antennal blade well developed arising from apical portion of basal segment reaching the middle of 4th segment; 3rd antennal segment as long as 4th antennal segment.</p>
            <p>Labrum. SI short, blade-like; SII blade-like, twice as long as SI; SIII seta-like; SIVa very small, 2 segmented. Pecten epipharyngis as in Figure 33. Premandible with proximal tooth very short; brush absent (Fig. 34).</p>
            <p>Maxilla (Fig. 35). Basal palp segment 20 μm long, 8–11 μm wide, with ring organ 9–11 μm from base.</p>
            <p>Mandible (Fig. 36) 95–105 μm long, with long apical tooth and 2 triangular inner teeth brownish. Seta subdentalis thin and long, surpassing 1st inner tooth.</p>
            <p>Mentum (Fig. 37). With simple, untoothed middle tooth and 7 pairs of lateral teeth; 7th lateral tooth not divided, shorter than 6th lateral and clearer than others. Ventromental plate about 0.84–0.95 times as wide as mentum, anterior margin crenulate.</p>
            <p>Abdomen. Procercus 0.86 (1) times as long as wide, with 7 anal setae. Anal tubules 150 (1) μm long. Posterior parapod with pale yellowish claws.</p>
            <p> Remarks. The presence of anterior and posterior transverse bands of pale spines on sternite II is sufficient to separate the pupa of  P. tirio from other known Neotropical species of  Parachironomus . The shape of the larval mentum with 7th lateral tooth not divided, shorter than 6th lateral and paler distinguish  P. tirio from the other Neotropical  Parachironomus . </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C887CA2E15FFBEFF0FFD71FDAC2F66	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Trivinho-Strixino, Susana;Silva, Fabio Laurindo Da;Roque, Fabio Oliveira	Trivinho-Strixino, Susana, Silva, Fabio Laurindo Da, Roque, Fabio Oliveira (2010): A new species of Parachironomus Lenz, 1921 (Diptera: Chironomidae: Chironominae), and description of immature stages of two other species from the Neotropical Region. Zootaxa 2689: 1-14, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.199500
03C887CA2E10FFBEFF0FFAD2FA0E2B6B.text	03C887CA2E10FFBEFF0FFAD2FA0E2B6B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parachironomus	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Key to pupae of four  Parachironomus species from Brazil </p>
            <p> 1. Cephalic tubercles absent; posterolateral corners of segment VIII without spurs ................................  P. lupus sp. n.</p>
            <p>- Cephalic tubercles present; posterolateral corners of segment VIII with or without spurs ......................................... 2</p>
            <p> 2. Posterolateral corners of segment VIII without spurs .............................................................................  P. longistilus</p>
            <p>- Posterolateral corners of segment VIII with pale spurs .............................................................................................. 3</p>
            <p> 3. Sternite II with anterior and posterior transversal band of pale spines .............................................................  P. tirio</p>
            <p> - Sternite II without anterior and posterior transversal band of pale spines ....................................................  P. cayapo</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C887CA2E10FFBEFF0FFAD2FA0E2B6B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Trivinho-Strixino, Susana;Silva, Fabio Laurindo Da;Roque, Fabio Oliveira	Trivinho-Strixino, Susana, Silva, Fabio Laurindo Da, Roque, Fabio Oliveira (2010): A new species of Parachironomus Lenz, 1921 (Diptera: Chironomidae: Chironominae), and description of immature stages of two other species from the Neotropical Region. Zootaxa 2689: 1-14, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.199500
03C887CA2E10FFBEFF0FFD27FA112E15.text	03C887CA2E10FFBEFF0FFD27FA112E15.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parachironomus longistilus Paggi 1977	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Parachironomus longistilus Paggi, 1977</p>
            <p> Remarks. The information in  P. supparilis in the earlier, ‘superspecies’ sense in Sonoda &amp; Trivinho-Strixino (2000), Siqueira &amp; Trivinho-Strixino (2005) and Strixino &amp; Trivinho-Strixino (2006) refers to  P. longistilus . </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C887CA2E10FFBEFF0FFD27FA112E15	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Trivinho-Strixino, Susana;Silva, Fabio Laurindo Da;Roque, Fabio Oliveira	Trivinho-Strixino, Susana, Silva, Fabio Laurindo Da, Roque, Fabio Oliveira (2010): A new species of Parachironomus Lenz, 1921 (Diptera: Chironomidae: Chironominae), and description of immature stages of two other species from the Neotropical Region. Zootaxa 2689: 1-14, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.199500
03C887CA2E10FFBFFF0FF92CFA0E2C2A.text	03C887CA2E10FFBFFF0FF92CFA0E2C2A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parachironomus	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Key to larvae of four  Parachironomus species from Brazil </p>
            <p> 1. Mentum with 6th lateral tooth larger than 5th and set forward; ventromental plates with anterior margin strongly scalloped; premandible with 3 teeth, proximal tooth wider ..........................................................................  P. lupus sp. n.</p>
            <p>- Mentum with 6th lateral tooth shorter than 5th lateral; ventromental plates with anterior margin crenulated; premandible with proximal teeth not as above .......................................................................................................................... 2</p>
            <p> 2. Mentum with 4th and 5th lateral teeth shorter than 3rd and 6th (forming two concave arcs); premandible with proximal tooth very short ........................................................................................................................................  P. longistilus</p>
            <p>- Mentum with lateral teeth decreasing gradually (not forming concave arcs) ............................................................. 3</p>
            <p> 3. 7th lateral tooth of mentum divided into 3 or 4 denticles clearer than others; premandible with 3 teeth decreasing gradually ........................................................................................................................................................  P. cayapo</p>
            <p> - 7th lateral tooth of mentum not divided, shorter than 6th lateral and clearer than others; premandible with proximal tooth shorter ......................................................................................................................................................  P. tirio</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C887CA2E10FFBFFF0FF92CFA0E2C2A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Trivinho-Strixino, Susana;Silva, Fabio Laurindo Da;Roque, Fabio Oliveira	Trivinho-Strixino, Susana, Silva, Fabio Laurindo Da, Roque, Fabio Oliveira (2010): A new species of Parachironomus Lenz, 1921 (Diptera: Chironomidae: Chironominae), and description of immature stages of two other species from the Neotropical Region. Zootaxa 2689: 1-14, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.199500
