identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03CB2265972C3E5EFF58BAD3FA3CDB87.text	03CB2265972C3E5EFF58BAD3FA3CDB87.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ultragryllacris Gorochov et Dawwrueng	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Genus  Ultragryllacris Gorochov et Dawwrueng , gen. nov. </p>
            <p> Type species  Ultragryllacris pulchra sp. nov.</p>
            <p> Diagnosis. Size and general shape of body more or less similar to those of some other large gryllacridines (  Gryllacris Audiner-Serville, 1831 ;  Capnogryllacris Karny, 1937 ;  Diaphanogryllacris Karny, 1937 ): head with very large and round median ocellus, much smaller and vertical lateral ocelli located on a pair of low vertical (almost keel-like) inflations between dorsal edges of antennal cavities (area between these inflations shallowly concave), and space between antennal cavities approximately twice as wide as scape; pronotum typical of this subfamily (Figs 1–3, 8, 11–13); legs moderately long, strong, with 5 pairs of movable ventral spines on fore and middle tibiae (majority of these spines rather long, but one distal pair distinctly shorter), with moderately large but strong and unarticulated spine on each fore coxa, with rather numerous small unarticulated spines or denticles on both ventral keels of hind femur, and with somewhat more numerous dorsal unarticulated spines of hind tibia as well as 4 pairs of articulated but not long spines located on distal part of this tibia (6 apical spurs and a pair of subapical ventral spines); wings completely developed, long, with venation normal for large long-winged gryllacridines from above-mentioned genera (Fig. 16). Abdomen without traces of femoro-abdominal apparatus; 9th abdominal tergite of male strongly specialized, i. e. with very large (long) dorsal projection occupied most part of this tergite and directed more or less backwards (this projection somewhat similar to crown of pharaonic Upper Egypt in shape; Figs 4, 5), with a pair of angular posteroventral lobules directed forwards and having heavily sclerotized ridge on each medial edge (this ridge also directed forwards; Figs 4, 5, 7), and with angular but not deep notch between these lobules (Figs 5, 7); 10th abdominal tergite of male short, transversally triangular, with high but short median keel directed downwards, without distinct hooks or other processes, and completely covering epiproct (Figs 4, 5, 7); paraprocts and cerci simple; male genital plate moderately small, transverse, with moderately long and simple styles, and with short and wide lobe between these styles (Figs 5, 7); male genitalia completely membranous, with a pair of rather large lateral lobes, and with longer median lobe having a pair of narrow posterolateral lobules at apex (Fig. 6); female abdomen with unspecialized tergites; female genital plate simple, having short (strongly transverse) proximal part sclerotized, larger middle part partly de-sclerotized (soft, with folds), and rest part with small notch at apex (Fig. 9, 15); ovipositor long, straight, rather thin and with very narrowly rounded (almost acute) apex (Fig. 10). </p>
            <p>Included species. Type species only.</p>
            <p>Comparison. The new genus differs from all the other genera of this subfamily in a very characteristic structure of the male abdominal apex: a very large and long projection of the 9th tergite; the presence of heavily sclerotized ridges (but not hooks) on the ventral edge of this tergite; short 10th tergite with a high median keel but without hooks or other processes; and completely membranous male genitalia.</p>
            <p> Etymology. This generic name originates from the Latin prefix “ultra-“ (more) and generic name  Gryllacris . </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CB2265972C3E5EFF58BAD3FA3CDB87	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Gorochov, Andrej V.;Dawwrueng, Pattarawich;Artchawakom, Taksin	Gorochov, Andrej V., Dawwrueng, Pattarawich, Artchawakom, Taksin (2015): Study of Gryllacridinae (Orthoptera: Stenopelmatidae) from Thailand and adjacent countries: the genera Ultragryllacris gen. nov. and Capnogryllacris. Zootaxa 4021 (4): 565-577, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4021.4.6
03CB2265972D3E5DFF58B817FED3DD87.text	03CB2265972D3E5DFF58B817FED3DD87.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ultragryllacris pulchra Gorochov et Dawwrueng	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Ultragryllacris pulchra Gorochov et Dawwrueng ,  sp. nov.</p>
            <p>(Figs 1–10, 16)</p>
            <p>Material studied. Holotype—male; Thailand, Lampang Prov., Buan Pa Mieng, 1–7.VIII.2011, coll. A. Pushenkov (ZIN). Paratypes: 2 females, same data as for holotype (ZIN).</p>
            <p>Description. Male (holotype). Colouration of body yellowish with following pattern: ocelli almost whitish; eyes brown; vertex with a pair of rather large black areas having narrow stripes along medial edges of lateral ocelli; space between these areas with asymmetrical brown spot not far from lateral ocelli (Figs 1–3); borders around antennal cavities black with short light interruption in ventral part; most part of clypeus, labrum and visible parts of mandibles blackish (Fig. 1); other mouthparts from brown to light brown with palpi yellowish but having 2 distal segments of maxillary palpi brown and apical segment of labial palpi light brown; antennae with 2 proximal segments blackish, and with rest part reddish brown to light brown; pronotum with a pair of anterodorsal and a pair of posterodorsal blackish areas, with anteromedian spot on disc as well as anteroventral and ventral borders of lateral lobes reddish, and with posterior border of disc brown (Figs 2, 3); legs with blackish distal areas on femora and most part of fore tibia, with partly brown middle tibia, with brown base of hind tibia and several spots on its dorsal half (but apical spot almost ring-like, reaching ventral surface of this tibia; coloration of this tibia approximately as in Fig. 14), with reddish brown movable spines of fore and middle tibiae, and with more or less darkened tarsi; tegmina with semitransparent membranes (having yellowish tinge) and slightly darker venation (from yellowish to light brown); hind wings with similar (in colouration) venation and transparent membranes; rest of body with brown heavily sclerotized ridges on 9th abdominal tergite and light brown areas on lateral parts of 10th abdominal tergite (Figs 3–5, 16). External structure as in Figs 1–5, 16, but genital plate with posterior lobe between styles truncate and laterally rounded (Fig. 7); genitalia as in Fig. 6.</p>
            <p>Female. General appearance as in male but with 3 proximal segments of antennae blackish and some variations in rest colouration: one female with median ocellus intensively yellow, with slightly wider black stripes between lateral ocelli, and with fore and middle tibiae lighter (with smaller brown areas); second female (Fig. 8) with most part of antennal flagellum completely light brown, with two light interruptions in black border around each antennal cavity, and without brown asymmetrical spot not far from lateral ocelli (middle tibia in this female almost completely yellowish). Shape of genital plate as in Fig. 9; colouration of ovipositor dark brown with lighter basal part (Fig. 10).</p>
            <p>Measurements (in mm). Length of body: male 34, female 30–35; body with wings: male 46, female 45–47; pronotum: male 6.6, female 7.2–7.8; tegmen: male 36, female 35.5–36.5; hind femur: male 17.5, female 18–19; ovipositor 24–27.</p>
            <p> Etymology. The species name is the Latin word “  pulchra “ (nice). </p>
            <p>Remarks. The female from Kamphaeng Phet Province possibly belongs to another subspecies of this species, because its colouration (see above) is distinctly different. However, this question may be clarified only after its male examination.</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CB2265972D3E5DFF58B817FED3DD87	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Gorochov, Andrej V.;Dawwrueng, Pattarawich;Artchawakom, Taksin	Gorochov, Andrej V., Dawwrueng, Pattarawich, Artchawakom, Taksin (2015): Study of Gryllacridinae (Orthoptera: Stenopelmatidae) from Thailand and adjacent countries: the genera Ultragryllacris gen. nov. and Capnogryllacris. Zootaxa 4021 (4): 565-577, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4021.4.6
03CB2265972E3E5DFF58BE16FBC3D902.text	03CB2265972E3E5DFF58BE16FBC3D902.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ultragryllacris pulchra subsp. alboclypeata Gorochov et Dawwrueng	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Ultragryllacris pulchra alboclypeata Gorochov et Dawwrueng ,  subsp. nov.</p>
            <p>(Figs 11–15)</p>
            <p>Material studied. Holotype—female; Thailand, Kamphaeng Phet Prov., Khlong Lan Distr., 1200–1350 m, 5 October 2013, coll. P. Pawangkhanant (THNHM).</p>
            <p> Description. Female (holotype). General appearance very similar to that of female of U. p.  pulchra , but with following differences in colouration: head with whitish median ocellus, without asymmetrical darkened spot above median ocellus, with black transverse stripe between black borders of antennal cavities (each border with only ventral light interruption), with rather wide light interruption (rose stripe) between each black antennal border and each larger black area on dorsum, with additional black vertical stripe between each eye and each mandible, with light (yellowish white) clypeus, and with antennae having 5 proximal segments blackish and rest of antennal flagellum from reddish brown to light brown (Figs 11–13); pronotum with completely blackish borders (including anteromedian part of pronotal disc; Figs 12, 13); legs with fore tibia slightly lighter in middle part, with middle tibia light but having two brown areas on basal part and slightly darkened apical part, and with hind tibia having basal part and spots on rest part somewhat darker, dark brown (Fig. 14). Genital plate and ovipositor practically indistinguishable from those of nominotypical subspecies. </p>
            <p>Male unknown.</p>
            <p>Measurements (in mm). Length of body 29; body with wings 38.8; pronotum 6.85; tegmen 30.45; hind femur 18.35; ovipositor 24.55.</p>
            <p>Comparison. The new subspecies differs from the nominotypical subspecies in the epicranium colouration (it is with black vertical stripes under the eyes) and in a very light clypeus.</p>
            <p>Etymology. This subspecies name is produced from the Latin word “albus” (white) and from the Latin morphological term “clypeus” originating from the Ancient Greek word meaning shield.</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CB2265972E3E5DFF58BE16FBC3D902	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Gorochov, Andrej V.;Dawwrueng, Pattarawich;Artchawakom, Taksin	Gorochov, Andrej V., Dawwrueng, Pattarawich, Artchawakom, Taksin (2015): Study of Gryllacridinae (Orthoptera: Stenopelmatidae) from Thailand and adjacent countries: the genera Ultragryllacris gen. nov. and Capnogryllacris. Zootaxa 4021 (4): 565-577, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4021.4.6
03CB2265972E3E5CFF58BBEEFCE2DA29.text	03CB2265972E3E5CFF58BBEEFCE2DA29.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Capnogryllacris Karny 1937	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Genus  Capnogryllacris Karny, 1937</p>
            <p> This genus is widely distributed in the Indo-Malayan Region and very diverse in the colouration. This diversity as well as a large body size of its representatives were possibly reasons for division of this rather morphologically monotonous genus into a few different genera (Karny, 1937). Gorochov (2003), basing on big similarity of these representatives in the structure and action of their copulatory devices, united the former Karny’s genera  Capnogryllacris ,  Borneogryllacris Karny, 1937 and  Dictyogryllacris Karny, 1937 in the same genus. However, he refrained from synonymization of these names, as he considered that some of these names may be used as subgeneric ones when these taxa will be better studied. </p>
            <p> Later, Li et al. (2014) united  Borneogryllacris with  Marthogryllacris Karny, 1937 in one genus but preserved these names as subgeneric ones;  Capnogryllacris was considered by these co-authors as a separate genus, because it ostensibly differs from  Borneogryllacris in “obvious distinction in median ocellus and prosseses [processes (!) = styles (?)] in subgenital plate”. We additionally compared the both type species (of  Borneogryllacris and of  Capnogryllacris ) with each other and with some other related species but did not find any generic differences in the structure of their median ocellus (for comparison see Figs 36 and 37), of their male genital (=subgenital) plate (see Figs 49 and 50), and of all the other body parts including hooks of the male 9th abdominal tergite and female abdominal apex. Between these type species, there are some small morphological differences characteristic for different species (or species groups) only. Moreover, the additional study of several species from Sumatra, Java, Malacca, Borneo and some other Asiatic regions shows that  Borneogryllacris ,  Capnogryllacris and  Erythrogryllacris Karny, 1937 may be separated from each other by the characters of colouration only; such differences seems to us not suitable even for subgeneric separation. </p>
            <p> Systematic position of the genus  Marthogryllacris was not very clear, as its type species was described without sufficient consideration of its abdominal apex (Griffini, 1914), and its unique type was destroyed by fire in the Hungary Museum of National History (pers. comm. by H. Steinmann, a former curator of  Orthoptera in this museum). However, the designation of neotype for this species (see below) allows us to fix its position in approximate accordance to the opinion of Li et al. and to synonymize this generic name with the subgenus  Capnogryllacris also. </p>
            <p> Thus, we select the name  Capnogryllacris and assign it the oldest name for all the other generic names proposed in the same book by Karny (1937); we do it in accordance to the article 24.2 (First Reviser Principle) of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (The Code, 1999). The genus  Capnogryllacris is characterized by the structure of copulatory devices in male and female: 9th abdominal tergite of male has a pair of large and partly movable inflations having heavily sclerotized spines (one spine on each inflation) directed more or less medially and crossed with each other (Figs 24, 25, 29, 30, 34, 35, 39, 45–50); these spines may be crossed more strongly when these inflations are close to one another, or less strongly when these inflations spread apart; during copulation, these spines are introduced in unpaired opening at the base of female genital plate (Fig. 51), and form an anchor-like fixation inside a special sac of this plate as a result of the convergence of the above-mentioned inflations and stronger crossing their spines (see Gorochov, 2003: figs 53, 54). </p>
            <p> This genus is divided into 2 subgenera as a minimum:  Capnogryllacris s. str. (=  Borneogryllacris syn. nov. ; =  Erythrogryllacris syn. nov. ; =  Marthogryllacris syn. nov. ) and  Dictyogryllacris stat. nov. The latter subgenus differs from the nominotypical subgenus in the median ocellus much larger, spines of the 9th abdominal tergite in male arcuately curved (more hooked than in  Capnogryllacris s. str. ), and ovipositor weakly but distinctly curved upwards. Some smaller and insufficiently studied gryllacridines have similar copulatory devices and possibly form an additional subgenus (or additional subgenera) of this genus. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CB2265972E3E5CFF58BBEEFCE2DA29	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Gorochov, Andrej V.;Dawwrueng, Pattarawich;Artchawakom, Taksin	Gorochov, Andrej V., Dawwrueng, Pattarawich, Artchawakom, Taksin (2015): Study of Gryllacridinae (Orthoptera: Stenopelmatidae) from Thailand and adjacent countries: the genera Ultragryllacris gen. nov. and Capnogryllacris. Zootaxa 4021 (4): 565-577, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4021.4.6
03CB2265972F3E5BFF58B8E0FB08DCA0.text	03CB2265972F3E5BFF58B8E0FB08DCA0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Capnogryllacris (Capnogryllacris) thaica Gorochov et Dawwrueng	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Capnogryllacris (Capnogryllacris) thaica Gorochov et Dawwrueng ,  sp. nov.</p>
            <p>(Figs 18, 21–25)</p>
            <p>Material studied. Holotype—male; Thailand, Uthai Thani Prov., Thap Sela Settlement, 14.VIII.2009, V.G. Bezborodov (ZIN).</p>
            <p> Description. Male (holotype). Colouration of body yellowish with following marks (Fig. 18): head light brown with slightly lighter dorsal part of epicranium, whitish ocelli, reddish tinge on clypeus, reddish brown labrum, and yellowish basal parts of maxillae and labium as well as most part of their palpi (but with apical part of palpi almost reddish brown; Figs 21, 22); pronotum with somewhat darker (light brown) borders, stripe along anterior edge of disc, and wider area along posterior edge (from posterior parts of lateral lobes to posterior part of disc; Figs 22, 23); apical part of fore and middle femora, distal part of hind femur, all tibiae and all tarsi light brown with reddish tinge (but hind femur with light brown longitudinal line on outer surface near ventral edge and with partly brown ventral denticles, most part of movable ventral spines of fore and middle tibiae dark brown, and spines of hind tibiae with brown distal part); tegmina with yellowish base, large dark brown area in proximal half, distinctly smaller semitransparent yellow spot crossed by light brown venation in costal part of above-mentioned area, and other parts of tegmen semitransparent and with yellowish tinge (these parts with yellow to light brown venation; Fig. 18); hind wings with transparent membranes, yellowish grey to yellow longitudinal veins, and greyish brown crossveins (Fig. 18); 2nd–7th abdominal tergites with light brown stripe along posterior edge; distal part of hooks of 9th abdominal tergite dark brown (Figs 24, 25). Structure of body typical of  Capnogryllacris s. str. but with following characteristic features: median ocellus moderately large and round, located between lower halves of antennal cavities; lateral ocelli distinctly smaller but also almost round (Fig. 21); fore and middle tibiae with 5 pairs of rather long spines (excepting apical ones which clearly shorter); hind legs with 9–11 outer and 7–9 inner denticles (short unarticulated spines) on ventral keels of femur and 7–8 similar but somewhat longer dorsal spines on each edge of tibia (apical part of this tibia with 3 pairs of articulated spurs only, i.e. ventral surface of hind tibia without spines or denticles); wings insignificantly shortened, reaching cercal apices and slightly extending behind apices of hind femora (Fig. 18); hooks of 9th abdominal tergite not long, straight, with inflated proximal and spine-like distal halves (Figs 24, 25); paraprocts and epiproct unspecialized; genital plate with moderately long styles and rather deep and angular notch between them (Fig. 24); genitalia completely membranous. </p>
            <p>Female unknown.</p>
            <p>Measurements (in mm). Length of body 23; body with wings 24; pronotum 6.7; tegmen 26; hind femur 19.5.</p>
            <p> Comparison. The new species is similar to  C. khmerica Gorochov, 2003 in the body size and tegminal colouration: presence of a rather large dark area in the proximal tegminal half and of a characteristic yellow or yellowish spot in this area (see Figs 17, 18); but  C. thaica is distinguished from  C. khmerica by lighter and less contrastingly coloured head as well as pronotum and legs, and by clearly shorter wings and more strongly inflated proximal halves of the hooks on the 9th abdominal tergite of male (for comparison see Figs 25 and 39). From all the other congeners, the new species differs in its characteristic colouration, wing size and structure of the male copulatory device. </p>
            <p>Etymology. This species is named after “ Thai people”, the main ethnic group of Thailand.</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CB2265972F3E5BFF58B8E0FB08DCA0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Gorochov, Andrej V.;Dawwrueng, Pattarawich;Artchawakom, Taksin	Gorochov, Andrej V., Dawwrueng, Pattarawich, Artchawakom, Taksin (2015): Study of Gryllacridinae (Orthoptera: Stenopelmatidae) from Thailand and adjacent countries: the genera Ultragryllacris gen. nov. and Capnogryllacris. Zootaxa 4021 (4): 565-577, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4021.4.6
03CB226597283E5AFF58B977FA33DEC6.text	03CB226597283E5AFF58B977FA33DEC6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Capnogryllacris (Capnogryllacris) sakaerat Dawwrueng, Gorochov et Artchawakom	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Capnogryllacris (Capnogryllacris) sakaerat Dawwrueng, Gorochov et Artchawakom ,  sp. nov.</p>
            <p>(Figs 19, 20, 26–35, 40–44)</p>
            <p> Material studied. Holotype—male; Thailand, Nakhon Ratchasima Prov., environs of  Sakaerat Environmental Research Station, 400–500 m, from branch of tree in forest (Fig. 42), 12–15.IX.2014, coll. P. Dawwrueng, N. Makbun, T. Dowwiangkan (THNHM). Paratype— 1 male, same data as for holotype but collected on forest floor (Fig. 44) (THNHM). </p>
            <p> Description. Male (holotype). Body generally yellowish (pinkish white in living condition); head mostly dark reddish brown with somewhat lighter (rufous) clypeus and upper part of epicranium, with yellowish ocelli (median ocellus distinctly larger than lateral ocelli), with maxillae and labium light but having distal two thirds of maxillary palpi and distal part of labial palpi brown (Figs 26, 28); pronotum yellowish white with anterior and posterior areas as well as ventrolateral borders blackish (pronotal disc also with blackish median line; Fig. 27); femora yellowish white with light reddish distal part (except brown apices) and with black ventral spines on hind femora; tibiae and tarsi reddish with blackish tibial spines (spines of fore and middle tibiae with light apices); tegmen with light (yellowish) base, semitransparent (light brown) distal third having brown to dark brown venation, and dark brown (almost blackish) rest part (Figs 19, 40, 41); abdominal tergites dark brown with light brown anterior part; pleurites and pleural membranes on abdomen light with some dark marks on pleurites; sternites and genital plate also light but with a pair of large dark brown to brown spots on each of them (Fig. 39, 40). Structure of body similar to that of  C. thaica , but wings distinctly shorter and reaching apex of middle femur and middle part of hind femur only (Figs 19, 40), a pair of hooks on 9th abdominal tergite with distinctly shorter inflated proximal parts (Fig. 30), and genital plate almost indistinguishable from that of  C. thaica in shape (for comparison see Figs 24 and 29). </p>
            <p>Variations. Paratype (Figs 20, 31–35, 43) with lighter head and abdomen; its pronotum with narrower posterior dark area and without median dark line and abdomen; its tegmen with rather small but distinct intensively yellow spot at center of large dark tegminal area; hooks of 9th abdominal tergite with somewhat longer thin (spine-like) parts than in holotype.</p>
            <p>Female unknown.</p>
            <p>Measurements (in mm). Length of body 27–30.8; pronotum 5.9–6.1; tegmen 15–16.9; hind femur 15.5–16.1.</p>
            <p> Comparison. The new species is most similar to  C. thaica in the general appearance and to  C. khmerica in the pronotal colouration, but it is distinguished from the both species by distinctly shorter wings; from only  C. thaica , by the presence of dark (almost blackish) pattern on the pronotum, an indistinct or much smaller and darker yellow spot in the dark tegminal part, and shorter proximal inflation of each hook on the 9th abdominal tergite in male; and from only  C. khmerica , by a not black head, smaller blackish areas on the pronotum, the absence of large dark areas on legs, and inflated basal parts of the hooks of 9th abdominal tergite in male. From all the other congeners, the new species differs in the same characters in combination with partly reddish colouration of legs. </p>
            <p> Etymology. The species is named after the  Sakaerat Environmental Research Station where it was collected. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CB226597283E5AFF58B977FA33DEC6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Gorochov, Andrej V.;Dawwrueng, Pattarawich;Artchawakom, Taksin	Gorochov, Andrej V., Dawwrueng, Pattarawich, Artchawakom, Taksin (2015): Study of Gryllacridinae (Orthoptera: Stenopelmatidae) from Thailand and adjacent countries: the genera Ultragryllacris gen. nov. and Capnogryllacris. Zootaxa 4021 (4): 565-577, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4021.4.6
03CB226597293E5AFF58BF55FE68DAB1.text	03CB226597293E5AFF58BF55FE68DAB1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Capnogryllacris (Capnogryllacris) khmerica Gorochov 2003	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Capnogryllacris (Capnogryllacris) khmerica Gorochov, 2003</p>
            <p>(Figs 17, 39, 51)</p>
            <p>Material studied. Cambodia: 1 male (holotype), Campot Prov., environs of Sihanoukville [Kampong Som] Town, remnants of disturbed primary forest, on leaf of small tree at night, 14–21.II.1998, A. Gorochov (ZIN); 1 male, 2 females, same locality but 22–26.VIII.2003, A. Gorochov, L. Anisyutkin (ZIN); 2 females, southern part of Elefan Mts, Bokor National Park, Phnom-Bokor Mt, 700–1000 m, disturbed primary forest, at light, 18-22.IX.2003, A. Gorochov, M. Berezin (ZIN).</p>
            <p> Description. Female (nov.). General appearance very similar to that of male: head black with whitish ocelli (shape of ocelli approximately as in  C. thaica ), yellowish grey stripe along posterior edge of each gena, lightish narrow stripes on lower part of clypeus (along its folds) and on apical part of labrum, brown to light brown most part of antennal flagellum, and slightly lighter most part of maxillae and of labium; pronotum yellowish with borders, a pair of distinct spots along anterior edge of disc (fused with each other) and wide transverse band along posterior edge (from posterior parts of lateral lobes to posterior part of disc) black; shape and colouration of wings practically as in Fig. 17; legs yellowish with dark brown apical part of femora and most part of tibiae (but distal tibial area and spines of fore and middle tibiae almost light brown, and ventral denticles on hind femur blackish); rest part of body (excepting ovipositor) yellowish with dark marks on coxae and pleurites. Genital plate almost triangular but with rather deeply notched apex having a pair of clearly angular and elongate lobules around this notch, and with moderately small median copulatory opening on proximal part of this plate (genital plate light with darkish lateral borders, but copulatory opening located in brown median spot; Fig. 51); ovipositor straight, somewhat similar in shape to that of  U. pulchra , dark brown with yellowish small ventroproximal area and brown distal part. </p>
            <p>Male. Colouration and structure of body (Fig. 17) according to those published in original description of this species (Gorochov, 2003), with some insignificant variations in size only.</p>
            <p>Measurements (in mm). Length of body: male 22–29, female 25–31; body with wings: male 46–52, female 44-51; pronotum: male 6–6.7, female 6.3–6.9; tegmen: male 36–41, female 35–39; hind femur: male 17–19, female 16.5–20; ovipositor 17.5–19.</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CB226597293E5AFF58BF55FE68DAB1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Gorochov, Andrej V.;Dawwrueng, Pattarawich;Artchawakom, Taksin	Gorochov, Andrej V., Dawwrueng, Pattarawich, Artchawakom, Taksin (2015): Study of Gryllacridinae (Orthoptera: Stenopelmatidae) from Thailand and adjacent countries: the genera Ultragryllacris gen. nov. and Capnogryllacris. Zootaxa 4021 (4): 565-577, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4021.4.6
03CB226597293E59FF58BB48FB8CDAEB.text	03CB226597293E59FF58BB48FB8CDAEB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Capnogryllacris (Capnogryllacris) phaeocephala subsp. combodiensis Gorochov et Dawwrueng	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Capnogryllacris (Capnogryllacris) phaeocephala combodiensis Gorochov et Dawwrueng ,  subsp. nov.</p>
            <p>(Figs 48, 55)</p>
            <p>Material studied. Holotype—male; Cambodia, southern part of Elefan Mts, Bokor National Park, Phnom-Bokor Mt, 700–1000 m, partly primary / partly secondary forest, at light, 15–17.IX.2003, A. Gorochov, L. Anisyutkin (ZIN). Parsatypes: 3 females, same data as for holotype but collected 18–22.IX.2003 by A. Gorochov and M. Berezin (ZIN); 1 male, same country, northern part of Elefan Mts, Kiri-Rom National Park in 150 km NNE of Sihanoukville Town, 600–800 m, secondary forest, on branch of bush at night, 7–10.X.2003, A. Gorochov, M. Berezin (ZIN); 2 females, same country and park but in 130 km NNE of Sihanoukville Town, 300–500 m, 27.VIII– 6.IX.2003, A. Gorochov, M. Berezin (ZIN); 1 male, same country, central part of Elefan Mts, Styeng-Chkhral Vill. in 100 km NE of Sihanoukville Town, 300–500 m, 27.VIII–6.IX.2003, A. Gorochov, L. Anisyutkin (ZIN).</p>
            <p> Description. Male (holotype). Size and structure of body very similar to those of C. ph.  phaeocephala Gorochov, 2003 (Thailand: Nakhon Ratchasima Prov.). However, colouration somewhat different from that of nominotypical subspecies: most part of head (including clypeus, labrum and mandibles) reddish brown with a few dark brown spots on dorsum, on upper part of genae, on area between antennae (including dark borders of antennal cavities), and along lateral parts of clypeal suture, with light brown to yellowish ocelli, a pair of rather large spots between upper parts of eyes, a few smaller marks on hind part of dorsum and on lower part of clypeus, and areas on subgenae; antennae with reddish brown proximal part having a few lighter spots on scape, and with light brown middle and distal parts; maxillae and labium yellowish with reddish tinge, with brown most part of maxillary palpi, and with light brown distal half of labial palpi; pronotum almost dark brown but with rather wide yellowish transverse band running along posterior edge of lateral lobes and of disc, with brown borders behind and under this band, with brown to light brown stripe along anterior edge of disc and a pair of large spots behind this stripe; rest of body similar to that of C. ph.  phaeocephala in colouration, yellowish with reddish spines of fore and middle tibiae, with reddish brown tinge on femoral apices and on tibial distal parts, with light reddish brown tarsi, with brown distal parts of spines on hind legs and of hooks on 9th abdominal tergite, with distinctly darkened (brownish grey) crossveins in tegmina and hind wings, as well as with transparent membranes of hind wings (however, these membranes with rather wide darkenings around majority of crossveins, but these darkenings narrower than in C. ph.  phaeocephala ; Fig. 55). </p>
            <p>Variations. All other males slightly or distinctly lighter: head sometimes without dark brown marks or light brown with reddish brown lower half of face and a few brown spots on its upper half; pronotum also varied from brown with lighter marks to light brown with a few darkish lines only, but sometimes most part of pronotum almost completely dark brown and distinctly darker than general colouration of head.</p>
            <p> Female. General appearance as in male but with abdominal apex very similar to that of female of  C. erythrocephala (see Gorochov, 2003): genital plate almost oval, clearly narrowing to apex, with slightly notched apical part (this part sometimes looking as almost truncate) and medium-sized copulatory opening at base (this opening slightly larger than that shown in Fig. 51); ovipositor long, rather narrow and barely arcuate (barely curved upwards) in profile, and with very narrowly rounded apex. </p>
            <p>Measurements (in mm). Length of body: male 22–31, female 21–26; body with wings: male 35–44, female 36–42; pronotum: male 6.3–7; female 6.8–7.5; tegmen: male 26–32, female 28–31; hind femur: male 16–18, female 17–19; ovipositor 21–23.5.</p>
            <p> Comparison. The new suibspecies differs from C. ph.  phaeocephala mainly in a lighter colouration of the head and pronotum (in the nominotypical subspecies, most part of head including scapes and of pronotum are almost completely black, not brown or light brown with darker marks), and in somewhat narrower darkish areas around crossveins in the hind wings. From the other similar species living in the nearest countries,  C. ph. cambodiensis may be distinguished by the absence of blackish areas on the genae, mandibles and labrum, by the presence of a light area on the hind pronotal part, and by a normal distal tegminal part (in  C. rubrocellata Gorochov, 2003 from Thailand, this tegminal part is distinctly narrowing to the apex; for comparison see Figs 54 and 55). </p>
            <p>Etymology. This subspecies is named after the country where it was collected.</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CB226597293E59FF58BB48FB8CDAEB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Gorochov, Andrej V.;Dawwrueng, Pattarawich;Artchawakom, Taksin	Gorochov, Andrej V., Dawwrueng, Pattarawich, Artchawakom, Taksin (2015): Study of Gryllacridinae (Orthoptera: Stenopelmatidae) from Thailand and adjacent countries: the genera Ultragryllacris gen. nov. and Capnogryllacris. Zootaxa 4021 (4): 565-577, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4021.4.6
03CB2265972A3E58FF58B8A2FADAD979.text	03CB2265972A3E58FF58B8A2FADAD979.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Capnogryllacris (Capnogryllacris) martha (Griffini 1914) Griffini 1914	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Capnogryllacris (Capnogryllacris) martha (Griffini, 1914) ,  comb. nov.</p>
            <p>(Figs 38, 45, 52)</p>
            <p> =  Gryllacris martha Griffini, 1914</p>
            <p> =  Marthogryllacris martha: Karny, 1937 (not Li et al., 2014) </p>
            <p>Material studied. Neotype (here designated)—male; Laos, Khammouan Prov., Boulapha Distr., Bandoy Vill., VI.2009, N. Orlov (ZIN).</p>
            <p> Note. This species was described by Griffini (1914) from a single male with the following geographic data: “ Annam, Laos ”. Karny (1937) mentioned this species as originating from “ Laos (Annam)”. However, the  Orthoptera Species File (Eades et al., 2015) gives another type locality for this species: “ Vietnam, Annam ”. The latter indication is most probably erroneous, because in some old maps of French Indochina, the central part of recent Vietnam (Trung Bo) and southern half of recent Laos were united under the name Annam; thus, it seems to me, that Griffini’s species originates from this half of Laos which was included in “ Annam ” in accordance to these maps. Also, it is necessary to note that many forest genera of Ensifera in this part of Laos and in Vietnamese Trung Bo are represented by different species, as most parts of these territories are separated from each other by a long mountain ridge. </p>
            <p> Because the type material on this species is destroyed (see the notes to  Capnogryllacris s. l. above), the synonymization of  C. martha from Laos with  C. erythrocephala Gorochov, 2003 , sp. ressur. from Vietnam (Li et al., 2014) seems to us very problematic. Moreover, there are some differences in the colouration and body size between these species which follow from the decriptions by Griffini (1914) and Gorochov (2003) as well as from the brief comparison below. In this connection, the fixation of Griffini’s species name with help of the neotype designation will be very useful for stability of the  Gryllacridinae classification (this species is also type species of the generic name  Marthogryllacris ). The specimen, designated here as neotype, originates from the type locality of  C. martha and is in accordance to its original description. </p>
            <p> Brief redescription. Male (neotype). Colouration and structure of body more or less similar to those of  C. erythrocephala and  C. phaeocephala Gorochov, 2003 but with following differences: head more similar to that of  C. erythrocephala borealis Gorochov, 2003 , stat. ressur. (Northern Vietnam) in colouration (Fig. 38), i. e. with dorsal and anterior parts of epicranium as well as clypeus light brown, but with lateral parts including genae, mandibles and labrum dark brown (Griffini, 1914: p. 257—“caput occipute, vertice, fronte, clypeoque totis testaceis; labro, mandibulis, genisque totis atris”); but pronotum more similar to that of  C. phaeocephala (Fig. 52), as its colouration dark brown with small reddish brown median spot along anterior edge and with light brown transverse band along posterior edge running from posterior parts of lateral lobes to posterior part of disc (Griffini, 1914: p. 257—“pronotum atrum, metazona et parte postica loborum lateralium testaceis, margine antico latiuscula castaneo”); hind wings with thin darkened (greyish) stripes along crossveins similar to that of  C. e. borealis ; tegmina somewhat widened to distal part, distinctly wider than in both above-mentioned species (for comparison see Figs 52, 53, 55); hooks of 9th abdominal tergite clearly different from those of latter representatives, with distinctly thickened proximal part and longer and narrower rest part (for comparison see Figs 45–48); genital plate with styles intermediate in length between those of these species and with posteromedian notch clearly less angular than in both these species (see Figs 45–48). </p>
            <p>Measurements (in mm). Length of body 32; body with wings 56; pronotum 8.8; tegmen 42; hind femur 24.</p>
            <p> Comparison. This species differs from  C. erythrocephala in the absence of large yellowish or reddish area on the pronotal disc along its anterior edge; from  C. e. erythrocephala and  C. phaeocephala , in a larger body, light brown (not obviously reddish, black or dark brown) coloration of the head most part, and narrower darkened stripes situated in the hind wings along their crossveins; and from both these species, in a clearly wider distal tegminal half and in the male abdominal characters listed in the redescription. </p>
            <p> Remarks. It is necessary to note that  C. martha , recorded by Li et al. (2014) as “  Martogryllacris martha ” in Northern Vietnam (Ba Vi), is most probably  C. e. borealis for the following reasons: we have one similar male of this subspecies from the same locality; the female genital plate, pictured by these authors, differs from that of  C. e. erythrocephala in a more widely truncate apex; and other females of  C. e. borealis are unknown. However, the species indicated in the same paper as “  Martogryllacris borealis ” for China is possibly another species, because it differs from  C. e. borealis in a distinctly shallower posteromedian notch of the male genital plate as well as in clearly different hooks of the male 9th abdominal tergite. Thus, we restore here subspecies status for this taxon. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CB2265972A3E58FF58B8A2FADAD979	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Gorochov, Andrej V.;Dawwrueng, Pattarawich;Artchawakom, Taksin	Gorochov, Andrej V., Dawwrueng, Pattarawich, Artchawakom, Taksin (2015): Study of Gryllacridinae (Orthoptera: Stenopelmatidae) from Thailand and adjacent countries: the genera Ultragryllacris gen. nov. and Capnogryllacris. Zootaxa 4021 (4): 565-577, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4021.4.6
