taxonID	type	description	language	source
03CA93596779FF88069CAE5BFB7DB291.taxon	discussion	Remarks. The name Stenocionops was coined by Leach in a manuscript made available to Desmarest, who validated it by giving a short description and assigning Maia taurus Lamarck, 1818, and Cancer cornudo Herbst, 1804 to Stenocionops (Desmarest 1823: 259, 266). Ng et al. (2008) designated M. taurus, a junior synonym of C. furcatus Olivier, as its type species. Of the eight species accepted today in Stenocionops, most were originally described in Pericera Latreille, 1828, a junior synonym of Stenocionops Desmarest, 1823.	en	Colavite, Jessica, Santana, William, Tavares, Marcos (2016): Morphological differences between Stenocionops furcatus (Olivier, 1791) and S. coelatus (A. Milne-Edwards, 1878) (Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura, Majoidea). Zootaxa 4184 (3): 517-528, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.6
03CA93596779FF8A069CA892FE64B3C5.taxon	materials_examined	Type locality. Sixteen miles north of Holbox Island, Yucatan, Mexico. Geographical distribution. From Beaufort, North Carolina, to northwest Florida and Alabama; Gulf of Mexico and Yucatan Chanel; West Indies, Barbados (Rathbun, 1925; Williams, 1984). Material examined. USA, off North Carolina, 33 o 48 ’ 36 " N, 76 o 34 ’ 06 " W, 04. iii. 1981, Duke University coll., 69 m, 2 juveniles (USNM 209726). South Carolina, Dolphin, 33 o 14 ’ 88 ” N, 78 o 24 ’ 12 ” W, 27. ix. 1979, ¾ yankee trawl, E. Wenner det., 24 m, 2 juveniles (USNM 188715). South Carolina, Silver Bay, stn. 1751, 32 ° 24 ’ N – 78 ° 57 ’ W, 08. iii. 1960, D. J. Griffin & H. B. Roberts det., 73 m, 1 male (USNM 1256405). Georgia, off coast, MARMAP expedition, Dolphin, stn. 790469, 31 o 40 ’ 54 ” N, 80 o 16 ’ W, 01. v. 1979, ¾ yankee trawl, E. Wenner det., 28 m, 1 female (USNM 186465). Georgia, Silver Bay, stn. 5708, 30 ° 56 ’ N – 80 ° 01.5 ’ W, 07. v. 1964, W. Santana det., 62 – 64 m, 2 males, 2 females (USNM 1256363). Gulf of Mexico, off Luisiana, Tim Taq Expedition, Oregon II, stn. 14927, 28 ° 41 ’ N – 90 ° 27 ’ W, 07. vi. 1974, F. A. Chace det., 20 m, 1 male (USNM 93678). Gulf of Mexico, off Florida, 25 o 17 ’ 16 ” N, 82 o 52 ’ 10 ” W, 26. iv. 1981, Continental Shelf Associates for MMS coll., R. Lemaitre det., 0 – 44 m, 12 juveniles (USNM 243068). Gulf of Mexico, off Florida, 25 o 17 ’ 16 ” N, 82 o 52 ’ 10 ” W, 26. iv. 1981, Continental Shelf Association for MMS coll., R. Lemaitre det., 0 – 44 m, 3 juveniles (USNM 243069). Mexico, Yucatan, 16 miles north of Holbox Island, Blake Expedition, stn. 39, 25 m, 20. ii. 1878, A. Agassiz coll., female lectotype, cl 27.0 mm, cw 16.0 mm (MCZ 2848). Cuba, off Havana, Blake Expeditions, stn. 79, 137 m, iii. 1878, A. Agassiz coll., female juvenile paralectotype, cl 27.5 mm, cw 37.5 mm (MCZ 2847).	en	Colavite, Jessica, Santana, William, Tavares, Marcos (2016): Morphological differences between Stenocionops furcatus (Olivier, 1791) and S. coelatus (A. Milne-Edwards, 1878) (Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura, Majoidea). Zootaxa 4184 (3): 517-528, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.6
03CA93596779FF8A069CA892FE64B3C5.taxon	discussion	Remarks. A. Milne-Edwards described Pericera coelata (A. Milne-Edwards, 1878: 224) based on two young females syntypes obtained from 10 meters deep off Idolos Island (îles Idolos) and near Havana, Cuba (MCZ 2848 and MCZ 2847, respectively). A. Milne-Edwards provided measurements for the female MCZ 2848 (cl 36 mm including rostrum, cw 27 mm); that female is herein designated as the lectotype of S. coelatus (cf. ICNZ, Art. 73.2.2. Recommendation 74 F]. Therefore, the female MCZ 2847 is the paralectotype. With the designation of the lectotype of S. coelatus the type locality is restricted to “ 10 milles au nord des îles Idolos ” (cf. ICNZ, Art. 76.2), actually 16 miles north of Holbox Island. Rathbun (1925) considered Idolos Island a mistake for Jolbos Island. The specimen MCZ 2848 is labeled 16 miles north of Joblos Island, however we could not find neither of these localities. Calder (2013) faced a similar problem with the type locality of Obelia hyalina Clarke, 1879, a hydroid collected during the Blake Expedition whose type locality is " Zoblos Island ”. In the narrative of the Blake Expedition there is indeed a reference to Joblos Islands: " … the north side of the Yucatan Bank to Alacran Reef, and from there in a south-east direction into 20 fathoms off the Joblos Islands … " (Agassiz 1888: ix). It may well be that Idolos, Joblos and Zoblos are probably errors for the Holbox Island, which is located at the northeastern tip of the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico. The differences in the spelling of the island's name might have been introduced as a result of the variation in the way the name is pronounced (Calder 2013). There are also discrepancies about the distance between the Holbox island and the location from where the material was collected. A. Milne-Edwards (1879: 201) mentioned “ ... à 10 milles au nord des îles ... ”, whereas the type material was labeled “ 16 mis. North of Joblos Island ”. Here we prefer to use the information on the label to determine the type locality of S. coelatus.	en	Colavite, Jessica, Santana, William, Tavares, Marcos (2016): Morphological differences between Stenocionops furcatus (Olivier, 1791) and S. coelatus (A. Milne-Edwards, 1878) (Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura, Majoidea). Zootaxa 4184 (3): 517-528, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.6
03CA9359677BFF8F069CA826FAA5B471.taxon	description	Horned Crab Hughes, 1750: 266, pl. 25, fig. 3 [Barbados]. Cangrejo Cornudo Parra, 1787: 135, pl. 50, figs. 2 – 3 [Cuba].	en	Colavite, Jessica, Santana, William, Tavares, Marcos (2016): Morphological differences between Stenocionops furcatus (Olivier, 1791) and S. coelatus (A. Milne-Edwards, 1878) (Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura, Majoidea). Zootaxa 4184 (3): 517-528, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.6
03CA9359677BFF8F069CA826FAA5B471.taxon	materials_examined	Type locality. Locality not given Geographical distribution. Stenocionops furcatus is found in the Western Atlantic from Georgia to the Gulf of Mexico, Bahamas, Antilles, Colombia, Venezuela, and Brazil (from Ceará to Rio Grande do Sul). Material examined. USA, Florida, Gulf of Mexico, Oregon, stn. 4088, 27 ° 44 ’ N – 83 ° 45 ’ W, 04. xii. 1962, W. Santana det., 44 m, 1 male (USNM 1256362). Danish West Indies, From fish pot just outside Harbor, iii. 1915, C. R. Shoemaker coll., 1 male, 1 female (USNM 49954). Jamaica, Montego Bay, Piles of Wharf, 07. v. 1910, E. A. Andrews coll., 1 male (USNM 43088). Montego Bay, caught in fish pot in shallow water, 1910, C. B. Wilson coll., 1 female (USNM 43084). Montego Bay, vii. 1910, E. A. Andrews coll., 1 male (USNM 43086). Oregon, stn. 5398, 17 ° 53 ’ N – 77 ° 50 ’ W, 18. v. 1975, W. Santana det., 40 – 48 m, 2 males (USNM 1256352). Barbados, Barbados-Antigua Expedition, 1918, State University of Iowa coll., M. J. Rathbun det., 1 male (USNM 72563). Colombia, “ Oregon ”, stn. 4393, 12 ° 32 ’ N – 71 ° 04 ’ W, 25. ix. 1963, W. Santana det., 84 m, 1 male (USNM 125644). Gulf of Morrosquillo, Oregon II, stn 10230, 9 ° 33 ’ N – 76 ° 02 ’ W 28. xi. 1968, D. J. G. Griffin and H. B. Roberts det., 49 m, 1 male (USNM 1191786). Venezuela, Blanquilla Island, undated, 1 female (GIC 086). Los Testigos Islands, undated, 2 males (GIC unnumbered). Cubagua Island, 24. viii. 2014, Bolaños J. coll. 1 female (LSZ 04). Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, Bacia de Campos, 25. xi. 2010, J. B. Mendonça Jr. coll., 1 female (MZUSP 29838). Rio de Janeiro, Baia da Ilha Grande, i. 2007, 1 male (MZUSP 17909). São Paulo, Ubatuba, Projeto Integrado, 14. vi. 1995, F. Torres coll., 1 male (MZUSP 10839). São Paulo, Ubatuba, Projeto Integrado, stn., 4856, 0 3. vii. 1990, 1 juvenile (MZUSP 8044). São Paulo, Ubatuba, Projeto Integrado, 03. vii. 1990, 3 males (MZUSP 8046). São Paulo, Ubatuba, Projeto Integrado, stn. 4855, 03. vii. 1990, 1 male (MZUSP 8042). São Paulo, Ubatuba, Ubatuba Bay, 18. xii. 1986, M. Tavares and F. W. Kurtz coll., 1 male (MZUSP 16165). São Paulo, Búzios Island, 14. xi. 01, G. Melo and Silvano R. coll., 1 female (MZUSP 13978). Rio Grande do Sul, Projeto REVIZEE Sul, stn. 6681, 09. i. 1998, 1 juvenile (MZUSP 3878). Rio Grande do Sul, Projeto REVIZEE Sul, stn 6661, 09. i. 1998, 1 female, 1 juvenile female (MZUSP 13392).	en	Colavite, Jessica, Santana, William, Tavares, Marcos (2016): Morphological differences between Stenocionops furcatus (Olivier, 1791) and S. coelatus (A. Milne-Edwards, 1878) (Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura, Majoidea). Zootaxa 4184 (3): 517-528, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.6
03CA9359677BFF8F069CA826FAA5B471.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Olivier's species Cancer furcatus was transferred to the genus Stenocionops by Rathbun (1897) as S. furcata (feminine singular of furcatus). However, in accordance with the provisions of the ICNZ (1999: 35, Art. 30.1.4.3) Stenocionops should be treated as masculine and, therefore, the specific epithet should take its gender, S. furcatus. Randall (1839) described Chorinus armatus based on a single adult male from an unknown locality, which Gibbes (1850) considered to be identical to S. furcatus (Olivier, 1871) (as P. cornuta). Randall's morphological description of the male holotype agrees very well with the presumed male holotype of C. armatus deposited in the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia (ANSP CA 3802) (Figs. 4 A, B). Additionally, according to Randall the length of the carapace of the holotype was " nearly 3.5 inches " (88.89 mm), rostrum not included. The carapace length of the presumed male holotype of C. armatus (80.3 mm) is close to the measurement given by Randall. Similarly, Herbst's (1804) Cancer cornudo has been considered a junior synonym of S. furcatus (Olivier, 1791) (e. g., Rathbun, 1897; Sakai 1999). From the photographs of the male holotype of Chorinus armatus Randall, 1839, and the female holotype of Cancer cornudo Herbst, 1804 (Figs. 4 A – D), it is evident that both species apply to Stenocionops in every respect. The lack of the strong crenation on the anterior margin of the male sterno-abdominal cavity in Chorinus armatus confirms that it is a junior synonym of S. furcatus (Olivier, 1791) and not of S. coelatus (see below). The crenation on the anterior margin of the sterno-abdominal cavity is absent in the females and, therefore, is of no help to ascertain the synonymy of Cancer cornudo and S. furcatus. Consequently, here we have to rely on the distinctly smoother carapace of the female holotype of C. cornudo (comparatively to S. coelatus) to accept its synonymy with S. furcatus. Miers (1886: 76) recorded S. furcatus (as Pericera cornuta) from South Africa based on an adult male caught by the Challenger Expedition and labeled as collected from Simon's Bay (Cape of Good Hope). This is the only record of the genus Stenocionops from outside the Americas and is probably a labeling error. Bahia (Brazil) was the last western Atlantic locality visited by the HMS Challenger before she departed to the Cape of Good Hope. Owing to bad weather the Challenger could not approach Trindade Island and altered her course to Tristan da Cunha and from there sailed to Symon’s Bay, where the crew stayed in quarantine (Spry 1878). It is possible that material actually collected in the coast of Brazil was labeled in Symon’s Bay as being from there. Living specimens of S. furcatus have the carapace light brown in color with whitish spots in both sides, reddish marks in gastric, cardiac and intestinal regions. The legs are slightly darker then the carapace (Figs. 3 A, B).	en	Colavite, Jessica, Santana, William, Tavares, Marcos (2016): Morphological differences between Stenocionops furcatus (Olivier, 1791) and S. coelatus (A. Milne-Edwards, 1878) (Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura, Majoidea). Zootaxa 4184 (3): 517-528, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.6
