taxonID	type	description	language	source
03CD84372324FF8DFF5C57B0FB3BFA08.taxon	type_taxon	type species Putonia antennata Signoret, 1875; junior homonym (previously used in Heteroptera by Stål 1872).	en	Zheng, Xinyi, Li, Yuang, Tan, Zhixiang, Wu, San’An (2025): A new species of the genus Puto Signoret (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Putoidae) from China and redescription of Puto huangshanensis Wu. Zootaxa 5570 (1): 119-137, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5570.1.5, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5570.1.5
03CD84372324FF84FF5C56A4FAB7FB2E.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Holotype: ♀, CHINA: Anhui Prov., Huangshan, / Quercus sp. / 13. v. 1999. Mounted singly on a slide (BFUC). Paratypes: same collection data as holotype, 2 ♀♀ mounted separately on 2 slides (BFUC); ♂, mounted singly on a slide (BFUC). Non-type material: ♀, CHINA: Guangdong Prov., Nanling National Forest Park, on Castanopsis sp. (Fagaceae), Kunyuan Li leg., 29. iv. 2023, mounted singly on a slide (BFUC). 2 ♀♀, CHINA: Jiangxi Prov., Shangrao city, Yushan County, Mt. Sanqingshan, on Castanopsis eyrei (Fagaceae), Yixin Huang leg., 27. iv. 2024, mounted separately on 2 slides (BFUC).	en	Zheng, Xinyi, Li, Yuang, Tan, Zhixiang, Wu, San’An (2025): A new species of the genus Puto Signoret (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Putoidae) from China and redescription of Puto huangshanensis Wu. Zootaxa 5570 (1): 119-137, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5570.1.5, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5570.1.5
03CD84372324FF84FF5C56A4FAB7FB2E.taxon	biology_ecology	Host plants: Quercus sp., Castanopsis sp., Castanopsis eyrei (Fagaceae); Poaceae (?) sp.	en	Zheng, Xinyi, Li, Yuang, Tan, Zhixiang, Wu, San’An (2025): A new species of the genus Puto Signoret (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Putoidae) from China and redescription of Puto huangshanensis Wu. Zootaxa 5570 (1): 119-137, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5570.1.5, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5570.1.5
03CD84372324FF84FF5C56A4FAB7FB2E.taxon	distribution	Distribution: China (Anhui, Guangdong, Jiangxi).	en	Zheng, Xinyi, Li, Yuang, Tan, Zhixiang, Wu, San’An (2025): A new species of the genus Puto Signoret (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Putoidae) from China and redescription of Puto huangshanensis Wu. Zootaxa 5570 (1): 119-137, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5570.1.5, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5570.1.5
03CD84372324FF84FF5C56A4FAB7FB2E.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Wu (2001) first described and illustrated the adult female and male of this species from material collected in Anhui Province, China. In the present study, we examined additional material from Guangdong and Jiangxi Provinces, China. The type locality, Anhui, borders Jiangxi in the south, and Guangdong is about 1,220 km away from Anhui. The adult female and male of P. huangshanensis are redescribed and illustrated to modern standards below.	en	Zheng, Xinyi, Li, Yuang, Tan, Zhixiang, Wu, San’An (2025): A new species of the genus Puto Signoret (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Putoidae) from China and redescription of Puto huangshanensis Wu. Zootaxa 5570 (1): 119-137, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5570.1.5, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5570.1.5
03CD84372324FF84FF5C56A4FAB7FB2E.taxon	description	Adult female redescription Unmounted material (Fig. 1 A). Body oval, yellow; legs and antennae slender and well developed, light orange. Dorsum covered with plates of dense white flocculent wax, venter thinly covered with white mealy wax. Slide-mounted material (n = 3) (Fig. 2). Body 3.1 – 4.2 mm long and 1.9 – 2.6 mm wide; sclerotized areas of cerarii situated on slight prominences; body derm membranous. Antennae 9 segmented, each 1,350 – 1,750 μm long; segment lengths (in µm): I, 163 – 193; II, 150 – 170; III longest, 190 – 250; IV, 145 – 163 V, 170 – 243; VI, 143 – 195; VII, 133 – 185; VIII, 130 – 165; and IX, 173 – 243. Most segments cylindrical but apical segment ovoid; few hair-like setae (Fig. 2 A) present on antennae, each 88 – 148 μm long. Scape (segment I) widest, 180 – 200 μm wide, with fewest hair-like setae (about 4); pedicel (segment II) 110 – 123 μm wide, with 1 circular sensory pore and 2 coeloconic sensilla; flagellar segments each 60 – 75 μm wide. Antennal intersegmental sensilla (Fig. 2 B) present between segments III – IV, IV – V and VI – VII, with 2 sensilla at each location. Segments VII and VIII each with a sensory seta (Fig. 2 C) near apex, 35 – 58 μm long; apical segment (segment IX) with 23 – 25 hair-like setae and 3 sensory setae, sometimes also with 1 coeloconic sensilla. Eyes protuberant, each 125 – 170 μm high and 50 – 70 in diameter, with sclerotized stem and membranous median area, situated posterior to scape. Clypeolabral shield 380 – 415 μm long, anterior part sinking into derm, posterior part exposed and bearing a pair of hair-like setae (each 130 – 155 μm long). Labium 3 - segmented, 295 – 345 μm long; segment I poorly sclerotized, each side with a pair of spine-like setae (each 30 – 50 μm long) and 2 hair-like setae (each 73 – 133 μm long); segments II and III sclerotized, segment II with 1 hair-like seta on each side, segment III with many hair-like setae, shorter setae near apex, each 10 – 30 μm long. Legs well developed and setose, lengths (in μm): foreleg shortest, entire length 2,078 – 2,503; coxa 360 – 410; trochanter + femur 740 – 960; tibia 700 – 900; tarsus 210 – 250, and claw 68 – 83; middle leg: entire length 2,168 – 2,683; coxa 370 – 490; trochanter + femur 790 – 970; tibia 730 – 880; tarsus 210 – 260, and claw 68 – 83; hind leg longest: entire length 2,443 – 2,961; coxa 420 – 500; trochanter + femur 860 – 1,038; tibia 870 – 1,045; tarsus 220 – 290, and claw 73 – 88. Hind leg tibia + tarsus 1.2 – 1.3 times as long as trochanter + femur; tibia 3.9 – 4.0 times as long as tarsus. Legs with many hair-like setae, each 35 – 120 μm long; translucent pores absent. Trochanters each with 2 basal setae (each 10 – 15 μm long), and bearing 3 sensory pores on each surface plus a long hair-like seta (210 – 275 μm long) near apex. Femora each with some spine-like setae on ventral side, each 45 – 90 μm long. Tibiae each with a few spine-like setae, each 35 – 50 μm long. Tarsi each with 1 tarsal campaniform sensillum proximally; tarsal digitules with pointed apices. Claws (Fig. 2 D) each with a plantar denticle and a pair of basal spurs; claw digitules with capitate apices, each 63 – 75 μm long, longer than claw. Opening of anterior thoracic spiracles each 103 – 140 μm in diameter; metathoracic spiracles larger. Circulus 360 – 520 μm wide, complete, more than three times as wide as long, with a slight constriction medially, present on abdominal segment III just inside posterior margin. Anterior and posterior ostioles each with inner edges of lips sclerotized, each lip with numerous lanceolate setae and trilocular pores. Anal ring 150 – 160 μm in diameter, with 3 – 5 concentric rows of cells and bearing 6 sharply-tipped setae, each 250 – 325 μm long; nearby is a pair of cisanal setae, each 110 – 138 μm long. Cerarii numbering 16 or 17 pairs, preocular cerarii (C 2) and supplementary cerarii absent. Areas of cerarii sclerotized on head and thorax, but cerarian sclerotization becoming progressively weaker posteriorly. Cerarii each containing many lanceolate setae (Fig. 2 E) (each seta 33 – 40 μm long and about 8 μm wide at widest point) plus a compact group of trilocular pores (Fig. 2 F), each about 10 μm in diameter; rarely, bilocular pores and quadrilocular pores (Fig. 2 F) present. With large tubular ducts (Fig. 2 G) adjacent to most cerarii (Fig. 2 H) apart from C 3, C 6, C 8 and C 10. Anal lobe cerarius containing 25 – 30 lanceolate setae, 25 – 50 trilocular pores and 5 or 6 large tubular ducts, all situated on a sclerotized area occupying most of lobe, sclerotized area about same size as anal ring. A few discoidal pores (Fig. 2 I), each 3 – 5 μm in diameter, present near margins. Dorsum. Lanceolate setae (Fig. 2 J) each 20 – 33 μm long and about 5 μm wide, smaller than cerarian setae, present in loose group on head, and pro- and meso-thorax; forming transverse bands across metathorax and abdominal segments. Multilocular disc-pores absent. Trilocular pores (Fig. 2 K) each about 7.5 μm in diameter; numerous, forming broad transverse bands across each segment. Submarginal line of relatively bare cuticle with only a few lanceolate setae and trilocular pores. Oral collar tubular ducts (Fig. 2 G) of only 1 type, large, with each outer ductule about 25 μm long and 10 μm wide, present near cerarii and on upper lips of anterior ostioles, also forming transverse bands on posterior edge of each segment. Venter. Lanceolate setae (Fig. 2 L) each 18 – 28 μm long and about 2 μm wide, present sparsely on head and thorax, and forming transverse bands across abdominal segments; head and abdomen with more setae marginally and fewer medially; thorax with more setae medially and fewer marginally. Metathorax and each abdominal segment with one slender submarginal flagellate seta on each side. Slender flagellate setae each 48 – 160 μm long; present sparsely submedially on head and thorax; forming transverse bands across abdominal segments I – VI, and present in groups around vulva; abdomen with more flagellate setae and head and thorax with fewer. Multilocular disc-pores of 2 sizes: (i) small disc-pores (Fig. 2 M), each 8 – 10 μm in diameter and containing 5, 7 or 9 (mostly 7) circular loculi, present from thorax to abdominal segment V; and (ii) large disc-pores (Fig. 2 N), each 11 – 13 μm in diameter and containing 7 or 9 kidney-shaped loculi, numerous on abdominal segments VI – VIII, plus a few present on posterior edge of segment V. Trilocular pores (Fig. 2 O) each about 5 μm in diameter, evenly distributed across entire venter except for region anterior to mouthparts, intersegmental areas, and around bases of appendages. Oral collar tubular ducts of 3 types: (i) large ducts (Fig. 2 G), each with outer ductule 13 – 23 μm long and 10 – 13 μm wide, numerous in segmental groups on margins of abdomen, and a few present on margins of head and thorax; (ii) small ducts (Fig. 2 P), each with outer ductule same length as large duct but only 5 – 8 μm wide; present submarginally on abdomen on inner edges of groups of large ducts; forming transverse bands medially and submedially on abdominal segments II and IV – VII; and a few present on segment I submedially and on margins of thorax; and (iii) slender ducts (Fig. 2 Q), each with outer ductule 25 – 35 μm long and about 2.5 μm wide, present in a large group anterior to clypeolabral shield. Each anal lobe bearing 1 anal lobe seta 185 – 230 μm long.	en	Zheng, Xinyi, Li, Yuang, Tan, Zhixiang, Wu, San’An (2025): A new species of the genus Puto Signoret (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Putoidae) from China and redescription of Puto huangshanensis Wu. Zootaxa 5570 (1): 119-137, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5570.1.5, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5570.1.5
03CD84372324FF84FF5C56A4FAB7FB2E.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnostic characteristics: (i) circulus on abdominal segment III more than three times as wide as long, complete, with slight constriction medially; (ii) anal lobe cerarius containing 25 – 30 lanceolate setae; (iii) small multilocular disc-pores abundant from thorax to abdominal segment V; (iv) large multilocular disc-pores numerous on abdominal segments VI – VIII, plus a few present on posterior edge of segment V; (v) ostioles with setae on lips; (vi) anal ring bearing six acute setae; (vii) on dorsum, most cerarii each associated with large oral collar tubular ducts adjacent to sclerotized area; large ducts also present on upper lips of anterior ostioles, and forming transverse bands across posterior edge of each segment; (viii) on venter, numerous large oral collar tubular ducts present on abdominal margins; (ix) small oral collar tubular ducts present submarginally on venter of abdomen on inner edges of groups of large ducts, and forming transverse bands across abdominal segments II and IV – VII; (x) claws each with plantar denticle and a pair of basal spurs present, claw digitules clubbed, extending beyond apex of claw; (xi) cerarii numbering 16 or 17 pairs; (xii) with a large group of slender oral collar tubular ducts present anterior to clypeolabral shield; and (xiii) lanceolate setae present on venter.	en	Zheng, Xinyi, Li, Yuang, Tan, Zhixiang, Wu, San’An (2025): A new species of the genus Puto Signoret (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Putoidae) from China and redescription of Puto huangshanensis Wu. Zootaxa 5570 (1): 119-137, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5570.1.5, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5570.1.5
03CD84372324FF84FF5C56A4FAB7FB2E.taxon	discussion	Remarks. The redescription of P. huangshanensis Wu above differs from the original description in Wu (2001) in the distribution of oral collar tubular ducts. The original description mentioned that the dorsum has large ducts forming transverse bands on posterior edge of each segment; the venter has large ducts forming marginal groups from metathorax to posteriormost segment, plus one large duct between the hind legs; and small ventral ducts present on posterior edges of abdominal segments IV – VIII. In the redescription more details have been added, mentioning large dorsal ducts present near cerarii and on the upper lips of the anterior ostioles in addition to forming transverse bands; the venter having numerous large ducts in segmental groups on the margins of the abdomen, and a few on the margins of the head and thorax; and small ventral ducts present submarginally on the abdomen, on the inner edges of the groups of large ducts; forming transverse bands medially and submedially on segments II and IV – VII; and a few present on segment I submedially and on the margins of the thorax. The adult female of P. huangshanensis is closest to that of P. barberi (Cockerell, 1895) in having the following character states: (i) a single transversely oval circulus situated on venter of abdominal segment III; (ii) anal ring bearing sharply-tipped setae; (iii) oral collar tubular ducts absent from cerarii; (iv) dorsum without additional dorsal cerarii; (v) each anal-lobe cerarius containing 25 or more conical setae; (vi) abdomen with ventral submarginal multilocular disc-pores; and (vii) oral collar tubular ducts forming transverse bands medially on venter of abdominal segments IV – VII. Puto huangshanensis differs from P. barberi by having (contrasting character states in P. barberi given in parentheses): (i) dorsal oral collar tubular ducts present near cerarii and on upper lips of anterior ostioles, also forming transverse bands across each segment (oral collar tubular ducts absent from dorsum); (ii) large ventral ducts forming segmental groups on margins of abdomen (without marginal duct groups); (iii) few lanceolate setae present on venter (lanceolate setae absent from venter); and (iv) disc-pores each with 5, 7 or 9 circular loculi (disc-pores each with 12 loculi) (the data of P. barberi are derived from Williams & Granara de Willink (1992 )).	en	Zheng, Xinyi, Li, Yuang, Tan, Zhixiang, Wu, San’An (2025): A new species of the genus Puto Signoret (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Putoidae) from China and redescription of Puto huangshanensis Wu. Zootaxa 5570 (1): 119-137, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5570.1.5, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5570.1.5
03CD84372324FF84FF5C56A4FAB7FB2E.taxon	description	Adult male redescription Unmounted material. Body red-brown and midge-like (adopted from Wu 2001). Slide-mounted material (n = 1) (Fig. 3). Body about 2.5 mm long. Head with large ocular sclerites and 7 pairs of simple eyes. Antennae slightly longer than body, each with long hair-like setae and satellite setae. Body with many long hair-like setae (hs). Loculate pores (lp) (Fig. 3 A) present, each 6 – 8 μm in diameter, with 3 – 7 loculi; small simple pores (smp) (Fig. 3 B) present, each about 2.5 μm in diameter. Legs developed, without bifurcated setae but satellite setae present; tarsus 2 segmented; claws with a strong plantar denticle and a pair of basal spurs, claw digitules with pointed apices; wings without alar setae or sensoria; a pair of ostioles present between abdominal segments VI and VII; with a pair of glandular pouches on abdominal segment VIII. Head 325 µm long, 415 µm wide, with broad and sclerotized ocular sclerite (ocs) around head, and a row of seven simple eyes (se) on each side. Dorsum: dorsal mid-cranial ridge (dmcr) extending full length of head, fusing with transverse postoccipital suture (pos) posteriorly; many dorsal head setae (dhs) present on each side of dmcr, and 10 – 15 dhs (each 10 – 15 μm long) on ocs. Loculate pores absent. Laterally: simple eyes near mid-cranial ridge larger, each about 63 μm in diameter; lateral simple eyes smaller, each about 50 μm in diameter; simple eyes prominent. A single ocellus (o) present laterally on each side, each about 38 μm in diameter, but difficult to observe. Ventrally: Ventral arm of midcranial ridge (vmcr) extending to fuse with preoral ridges (pror) posteriorly; preocular ridge (procr), fusing with vmcr medially. Membranous area anterior to preocular ridge with 15 – 20 ventral head setae (vhs), about 6 loculate pores and 4 – 6 smp; ocs with 30 – 36 vhs, each 23 – 48 μm long. Postocular ridge (pocr) developed, extending from pror posteriorly along posterior margin of ocs ventrally. Preoral ridge sclerotized, extending from posterior end of vmcr posterolaterally, articulating with cervical sclerites (pepcv). Area posterior to pror membranous, with 2 hs. Mouth (m) present. Antenna 10 - segmented, filiform, total length about 2.9 mm, ratio of total body length to antennal length 1: 1.16. Segment lengths (in µm): I, 158; II, 95; III, 375; IV, 368; V, 420; VI, 378; VII, 345; VIII, 295; IX, 255; and X, 245. Scape (scp) (segment I) stout, about 133 µm wide, with base sclerotized and apex membranous, bearing about 15 short hair-like setae, each 23 – 63 μm long. Pedicel (pdc) (segment II) stout, each about 95 µm wide, completely sclerotized, with 7 or 8 long hair-like setae and 3 short hair-like setae plus 1 campaniform sensillum (camp) dorsally. Each segment of flagellum parallel-sided, 33 – 73 μm wide, with many long hair-like setae (Fig. 3 B), each seta 275 – 320 μm long, mostly with 1 or 2 satellite setae (Fig. 3 C), also with 0 – 2 hair-like setae (Fig. 3 D), each 50 – 65 μm long. Segments VIII and IX each with a sensory seta (Fig. 3 E) near apex; and apical segment (segment X) with 1 or 2 sensory setae and 3 – 5 hair-like setae near apex (Fig. 3 F). Antennal intersegmental sensilla (Fig. 3 G) present between segments III – IV and IV – V, with 2 sensilla at each location. Thorax. Prothorax: dorsum with developed and uninterrupted pronotal ridges (prnr), fused medially, extending ventrally and nearly touching pepcv. Membranous area of prothorax difficult to observe because of slide preparation, the number of setae and loculate pores uncertain. With 2 groups of hair-like setae anteriorly on each side between prnr and postoccipital suture (pos), a group of medial pronotal setae (mpns) and some loculate pores posterior to prnr. Post-tergite (pt) difficult to observe. Laterally: pepcv sclerotized and interrupted medially; anterior part articulating with pror anteriorly, posterior end with a triangular sclerotization, articulating with prnr; posterior part becoming broad near articulation with coxa. With a large group of 15 – 20 long propleural setae (pl 1 s) plus 35 – 40 lp and 15 smp. Venter: sternum (stn 1) (Fig. 3 H) with well-sclerotized median and transverse ridges; sternite sclerotized, with reticulated area medially; prosternal apophyses (stn 1 a) developed; each side of sternum with 10 or 11 prosternal setae (stn 1 s), 4 or 5 lp and 2 smp. With a group of 5 or 6 anteprosternal setae (astn 1 s), 7 lp and 1 or 2 smp near each procoxa; and a group of 14 – 20 antemesospiracular setae (asp 2 s), 6 or 7 lp and 3 – 7 smp anterior to each anterior spiracle. Mesothorax: dorsum: prescutum (prsc) sclerotized but poorly separated from scutum, prescutal ridge and suture absent or indistinct; without prescutal setae. Scutum (sct) about 580 μm wide, a small triangular membranous area present anterior to scutellum, about 45 μm long and 88 μm wide. Scutum with 2 longitudinal bands of 30 – 33 scutal setae (scts) on each side, also 2 or 3 setae along each lateral margin. Scutellum (scl) about 370 µm wide and 150 µm long, nearly rectangular, with marginal ridges developed, and about 22 scutellar setae (scls) and 2 lp. Laterally: prealare (pra) sclerotized. Mesepisternum (eps 2) with area near lateropleurite (lpl) reticulated; subepisternal ridge (ser) developed. Tegula (teg) with 22 – 27 tegular setae (tegs). Mesothoracic spiracles (sp 2) each with outer part of peritreme about 73 µm wide; postmesospiracular setae (pm 2 s) forming a group of 8 setae medially, plus 23 setae, 10 – 13 lp and 2 – 7 smp posterior each spiracle. Venter: basisternum (stn 2) about 560 µm wide and 330 µm long, without median ridge, anterior margin developed, basisternum bounded posteriorly by well-developed mesoprecoxal ridges (pcr 2); additional short ridge extending ventrally from pcr 2 near articulation of mesocoxa; and with about 30 basisternal setae (stn 2 s) on margins. Lateropleurite (lpl) narrow, with anterior ridge poorly developed, area near stn 2. reticulated. Furca (f) with long arms, each arm about 198 µm long. Mesopostnotum (pn 2) and postnotal apophyses (pn 2 a) well developed. Metathorax: dorsum: metapostnotum (pn 3) either absent or fused to abdominal tergites of abdominal segment I; with a short band of 6 – 10 metatergal setae (mts) and 6 or 7 lp on each side. A group of about 15 dorsospiracular setae (dss) with 18 lp and a few smp present. Laterally: Metapleural ridge (plr 3) well developed; suspensorial sclerites (ss) present. Episternum (eps 3) slightly sclerotized, with a group of 10 – 12 postmetaspiracular setae (eps 3 s), 7 or 8 lp and 2 or 3 smp. Precoxal ridge (pcr 3) developed, extending ventrally about 248 µm; with an additional short sclerotization close to each articulation of metacoxa, about 100 μm long. Metepimeron (epm 3) extending posteriorly. Venter: Metathoracic spiracles (sp 3) each with outer part of peritreme about 78 µm wide, with 3 – 7 antemetaspiracular setae (am 3 s), 7 – 10 lp and 4 – 9 smp. Metasternum (stn 3) sclerotized and reticulated, with large lateral metasternal apophyses (stn 3 a); with about 28 anterior metasternal setae (amss), 8 lp and 7 smp; and with about 3 posterior metasternal setae (pmss). Postmesoprecoxal ridge setae (ppcr 2 s) numbering 0 or 1 on each side. Wings. Fore wings oblong and well developed, each about 3.5 mm long and 1.4 mm wide; ratio of length to width 1: 0.4; ratio of total body length to wing length 1: 1.4; covered with microtrichia; without alar setae or sensoria. Costal thickening (CT) slightly sclerotized. Subcosta (Sc) present along CT from wing base toward apex but disappearing about half-way along wing. Radius (R) present posterior to Sc, extending from wing base almost to apex. Cubitus anterior (CuA) originating from Sc at about 1 / 5 along wing length, running obliquely to meet posterior wing margin. Pocket present along proximal posterior margin, mostly membranous with a narrowly sclerotized margin. Hamulohalteres (h) each about 278 µm long and 70 µm wide; with anterior margin sclerotized and 3 hamuli (ham) at tip, each about 138 µm long; each hamulus with apex curved. Legs well-developed; lengths (in μm): foreleg shortest, entire length 2,185; coxa 210; trochanter + femur 760; tibia 870; tarsus 280, and claw 65; middle leg: entire length 2,213; coxa 250; trochanter + femur 725; tibia 880; tarsus 285, and claw 73; hind leg longest: entire length 2,424; coxa 270; trochanter + femur 785; tibia 990; tarsus 310, and claw 69. Ratio of lengths of metatibia to metatarsus 1: 0.31. Legs each with many hair-like setae, each 163 – 235 µm long; each coxa and trochanter with some short setae (each 28 – 45 μm long); trochanters each with 3 or 4 (mostly 4) sensory pores on each surface. Trochanter, femur and tibia with satellite setae; tibia with some inner-side spine-like setae on distal half, each seta 33 – 48 μm long. Tarsi (Fig. 3 I) each 2 segmented, proximal segment triangular and without setae; segment II with a tarsal campaniform sensillum proximally, and inner side with spine-like setae, each 11 – 35 μm long; tarsal digitules (tdgt) with pointed apices, each about 73 μm long. Claws (c) (Fig. 3 J) each with a strong plantar denticle, a weak denticle near apex, and a pair of basal spurs (each about 10 μm long); claw digitules (cdgt) with acute apices, each about 40 μm long, shorter than claw. Abdomen. Segments I – VII: tergites (at) represented by pairs of small sclerotizations on anterior margins of all segments, these smaller posteriorly; at on segments I – V reticulated. Sternites (as) similar to tergites but those on segments III – VII reticulated. Caudal extensions absent. Each segment with dorsal abdominal setae (ads), dorsopleural setae (dps), ventral pleural setae (vps) and ventral abdominal setae (avs), accompanied by lp and smp. Ventral lp fewer than those on dorsum; on both surfaces, lp numerous on margins but fewer medially, except for dorsum of abdominal segments II and III with more lp medially. With a pair of distinct ostioles laterally between segments VI and VII. Segment VIII: at strongly sclerotized and cambered across segment; a group of hair-like setae and a few smp present posterior to at. Venter with a pair of as, sclerotized and curved, and a group of hs and a few smp posterior to each as. Hair-like setae forming groups on margins. Glandular pouches (gp) (Fig. 3 K) large and shallow, each with about 105 lp, pores mostly with 5 or 6 loculi; each gp also with 2 rather thick glandular pouch setae (gls), each 260 – 295 µm long, plus 20 – 25 shorter setae, each 28 – 75 μm long; each pair of gls with a large group of duct-like pores around their bases. Abdominal spiracles not detected. Genital segment. Anal opening (an) present on membranous dorsum of penial sheath, about 63 μm wide. Penial sheath (ps) (Fig. 3 L) with broad base and tapering to a point, about 483 µm long and 315 μm wide basally; extending posteriorly from segment VIII; mostly membranous, with sclerotized framework. Venter of membrane with 26 – 50 hair-like penial sheath setae (Fig. 3 M), each 48 – 103 μm long; dorsum with about 3 setae on membrane; sclerotized framework with some hair-like setae anteriorly, setae becoming shorter and spine-like (Fig. 3 N) posteriorly; with a group of sensoria (psp) (Fig. 3 O) near tip. Basal rod (bra) strongly sclerotized, about 233 μm long, attached ventrally to anterior margin of penial sheath. Aedeagus (aed) sclerotized, about 170 µm long, broadest at base (about 78 µm wide), tapering posteriorly (apex about 15 µm wide); attached to bra basally; apex not bilobate.	en	Zheng, Xinyi, Li, Yuang, Tan, Zhixiang, Wu, San’An (2025): A new species of the genus Puto Signoret (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Putoidae) from China and redescription of Puto huangshanensis Wu. Zootaxa 5570 (1): 119-137, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5570.1.5, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5570.1.5
03CD84372324FF84FF5C56A4FAB7FB2E.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnostic characteristics: (i) fore-wings developed; (ii) claw with a strong plantar denticle medially, a weak denticle near apex, and a pair of basal spurs; (iii) each tarsal digitule with pointed apex; (iv) about six loculate pores present on each side of membranous area anterior to ocular sclerite; (v) with seven eyes on each side of head; (vi) antennal segment II with elongate setae and satellite setae; (vii) glandular pouches each with about 100 loculate pores, each pore with 3 – 7 loculi but mostly with 5 or 6 loculi; (viii) dorsum of abdomen with abundant loculate pores, but venter with few; (ix) long hair-like setae on antenna each 275 – 320 μm long; (x) tegula with 22 – 27 tegular setae; (xi) aedeagus apex not bilobate; (xii) sclerotization of ocular sclerites extending to postocular ridge; and (xiii) small simple pores present on whole body.	en	Zheng, Xinyi, Li, Yuang, Tan, Zhixiang, Wu, San’An (2025): A new species of the genus Puto Signoret (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Putoidae) from China and redescription of Puto huangshanensis Wu. Zootaxa 5570 (1): 119-137, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5570.1.5, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5570.1.5
03CD84372324FF84FF5C56A4FAB7FB2E.taxon	discussion	Remarks. The adult male of P. huangshanensis is closest to that of P. cupressi (Coleman, 1908) in having the following character states: (i) aedeagus blunt apically; (ii) each side of head with seven eyes plus one ocellus; and (iii) antennal segment III more than 350 µm long. Puto huangshanensis differs from P. cupressi by having (contrasting character states in P. cupressi given in parentheses): (i) fifth antennal segment is the longest (fourth or sixth antennal segment longest) (data of P. cupressi are derived from Coleman (1908) and Powell & Miller (2024 )).	en	Zheng, Xinyi, Li, Yuang, Tan, Zhixiang, Wu, San’An (2025): A new species of the genus Puto Signoret (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Putoidae) from China and redescription of Puto huangshanensis Wu. Zootaxa 5570 (1): 119-137, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5570.1.5, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5570.1.5
03CD8437232DFF82FF5C578DFD0BF8A6.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Holotype: Adult ♀; CHINA: Guizhou Prov., / Guiyang City, Kaiyang County, / Nanjiang Grand Canyon, 26 ° 95 ′ 56 ″ N, 106 º 98 ′ 74 ″ E, / on Lindera communis (Lauraceae), / 1 May 2023, / Zhixiang Tan leg. Holotype mounted together with 1 paratype ♀ on 1 slide (BFUC); holotype specimen is indicated with a circle in permanent marker on the coverslip. Paratypes: CHINA: same data as holotype, 6 ♀♀: 1 mounted together with holotype on 1 slide, 1 mounted singly on 1 slide, and 2 slides each containing 2 ♀ mounted together (BFUC); also 3 ♂♂: 2 mounted singly on 2 slides and 1 preserved in glycerine; 4 forewings mounted together on 1 slide, and 2 forewings mounted together on 1 slide. CHINA: Guangdong Prov., Shaoguan City, Yao Autonomous County of Ruyuan, Nanling National Forest Park, on Photinia serratifolia (Rosaceae), San-an Wu leg., 20. iv. 2021: 2 ♀♀ mounted together on 1 slide (BFUC).	en	Zheng, Xinyi, Li, Yuang, Tan, Zhixiang, Wu, San’An (2025): A new species of the genus Puto Signoret (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Putoidae) from China and redescription of Puto huangshanensis Wu. Zootaxa 5570 (1): 119-137, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5570.1.5, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5570.1.5
03CD8437232DFF82FF5C578DFD0BF8A6.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific name is formed by combination of the Latin prefix ‘ sin - ’, referring to China, the country of collection, with the Latin suffix ‘ - ensis ’, meaning ‘ from’.	en	Zheng, Xinyi, Li, Yuang, Tan, Zhixiang, Wu, San’An (2025): A new species of the genus Puto Signoret (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Putoidae) from China and redescription of Puto huangshanensis Wu. Zootaxa 5570 (1): 119-137, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5570.1.5, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5570.1.5
03CD8437232DFF82FF5C578DFD0BF8A6.taxon	description	Adult female Appearance in life (Figs 1 B and C). Body oval, dorsum covered with plates of dense white flocculent wax, venter thinly coated with mealy white wax. Slide-mounted material (n = 9) (Fig. 4). Body 3.5 – 5.0 mm long and 2.0 – 3.2 mm wide. Derm membranous. Antennae 9 - segmented, each 1,300 – 1,550 μm long; segment lengths (in µm): I, 150 – 183; II, 123 – 163; III longest, 225 – 250; IV, 145 – 163 V, 143 – 205; VI, 140 – 155; VII, 138 – 148; VIII, 128 – 155; and IX, 168 – 208. Each segment nearly cylindrical, except apical segment ovoid; antenna with few hair-like setae, each 75 – 150 μm long. Scape (segment I) widest, 153 – 180 μm wide, with fewest hair-like setae (4 or 5); pedicel (segment II) (Fig. 4 A) 68 – 103 μm wide, with 1 circular sensory pore and 1 or 2 coeloconic sensilla; remaining segments each 50 – 66 μm wide. Segments III, IV and VI each with a pair of intersegmental sensilla (Fig. 4 B) near distal end; segments VII and VIII each with a sensory seta near apex, 45 – 78 μm long; apical segment (IX) with 20 – 23 hair-like setae, 3 sensory setae, and sometimes with 1 coeloconic sensilla. Eyes protruding, each with stem sclerotized and apex membranous; eye prominence 155 – 185 μm long, situated posterior to scape. Clypeolabral shield 385 – 440 μm long, with anterior part sinking into derm, posterior part exposed and bearing a pair of hair-like setae, each seta about 185 μm long. Labium (Fig. 4 C) 3 - segmented, 335 – 360 μm long; segment I poorly sclerotized, bearing 2 hair-like setae (each 58 – 130 μm long) and 1 spine-like seta 45 – 55 μm on each side; segments II and III sclerotized, segment II with 1 hair-like seta on each side; segment III with many hair-like setae, shorter setae near apex each 10 – 40 μm long. Legs well developed, lengths (in μm): foreleg shortest: entire length 2,075 – 2,170; coxa 330 – 370; trochanter + femur 728 – 780; tibia 670 – 730; tarsus 230 – 250, and claw 70 – 78; middle leg: entire length 2,225 – 2,390; coxa 380 – 400; trochanter + femur 758 – 855; tibia 710 – 780; tarsus 230 – 270, and claw 75 – 85; hind leg longest: entire length 2,470 – 2,538; coxa 330 – 405; trochanter + femur 890 – 930; tibia 880 – 920; tarsus 240 – 275, and claw 60 – 88. Hind leg tibia + tarsus 1.30 – 1.34 times as long as trochanter + femur; tibia 3.2 – 3.5 times as long as tarsus. Legs each with many hair-like setae, each 68 – 135 μm long; translucent pores absent. Trochanters each with 2 basal setae (about 5 μm long) and bearing 3 sensory pores on each surface plus a long hair-like seta, 273 – 350 μm long. Femora each with some spine-like setae on ventral side, each seta 35 – 55 μm long. Tibiae each with some short spine-like setae, each about 35 μm long. Tarsi each with 1 tarsal campaniform sensillum proximally; tarsal digitules each with pointed apex. Claws (Fig. 4 D) each with a plantar denticle and a pair of basal spurs; claw digitules each 60 – 68 μm long with capitate apex, longer than claw. Thoracic spiracles (Fig. 4 E) each with opening 105 – 125 μm in diameter, metathoracic spiracles larger. Circulus short and wide, 270 – 375 μm wide, more than three times as wide as long, without a medial constriction, situated inside posterior margin of abdominal segment III. Anterior and posterior ostioles each with inner edges of lips sclerotized, each lip with numerous lanceolate setae and trilocular pores, without oral collar tubular ducts. Anal ring (Fig. 4 F) 125 – 135 μm in diameter, with 3 – 5 rows of cells in a single anal ring, and bearing 6 sharply-tipped setae, each 275 – 340 μm long. Nearby is 1 pair of cisanal setae, each 160 – 245 μm long. Cerarii numbering 17 basic pairs (preocular cerarii (C 2) absent); also a few supplementary cerarii usually present between thorax and abdominal segment IV. Cerarii each with many lanceolate setae (Fig. 4 G) (each seta 30 – 48 μm long and about 8 μm wide at widest point) and a compact group of trilocular pores (Fig. 4 H), each pore 7 – 8 μm in diameter, but without tubular ducts. Cerarii each situated on a weakly sclerotized area with margin not clearly defined. Anal lobe cerarii each containing 25 – 30 lanceolate setae and 35 – 40 trilocular pores, all situated on a sclerotized area (145 – 200 μm wide) occupying most of lobe, with sclerotized area larger than anal ring. A few discoidal pores (Fig. 4 I) present near most cerarii, each about 3 μm in diameter. Dorsum. With lanceolate setae (Fig. 4 J) each 20 – 40 μm long, smaller than a cerarian seta; forming group on head and loose transverse bands across other segments. Multilocular disc-pores absent. Trilocular pores (Fig. 4 K) each 6 – 7 μm in diameter, numerous, forming broad transverse bands across each segment. Submarginal line of relatively bare cuticle with only a few lanceolate setae and trilocular pores. Oral collar tubular ducts (Fig. 4 L) of only 1 large type, each outer ductule 23 – 25 μm long and 8 – 10 μm wide; with 2 – 5 ducts present submedially on head, on submargins of thorax, and forming groups (of up to 4 ducts) posterior to most cerarii. Venter. Lanceolate setae absent. With slender flagellate setae (Fig. 4 M), each 75 – 230 μm long, scattered on head, around legs and abdominal spiracles, and on median area of thorax; also forming transverse band across each abdominal segment, and in small groups around vulva and on submargins of each segment. With multilocular disc-pores of 2 sizes: (i) small disc-pores (Fig. 4 N), each 10 – 12 μm in diameter, with 5, 7 or 9 (mostly 7) circular loculi; numerous from head to abdominal segment VI, reaching almost to margins except on abdominal segment VI; also forming group near each thoracic spiracle; and (ii) large disc-pores (Fig. 4 O), each about 13 μm in diameter, with 5 or 7 (mostly 7) kidney-shaped loculi; present on posteriormost 3 abdominal segments, numerous around vulva, not reaching to margins. Trilocular pores (Fig. 4 P), each about 5 μm in diameter (smaller than those on dorsum), distributed similarly to that of setae but more numerous on margins and posterior areas of abdomen. Oral collar tubular ducts of 3 types: (i) large ducts (Fig. 4 L), same size as ducts on dorsum, few on margins of posterior abdomen; (ii) small ducts (Fig. 4 Q), each outer ductule 19 – 23 μm long and 5 – 7 μm wide; forming groups on margins, also with few near each thoracic spiracle and pro- and meso-coxa, and also forming short submedial transverse bands on abdominal segments IV – VII; and (iii) slender ducts (Fig. 4 R), each outer ductule 25 – 28 μm long and about 3 μm wide, sometimes deformed; with about 10 ducts anterior to clypeolabral shield. Each anal lobe with 1 anal lobe seta, 290 – 350 μm long.	en	Zheng, Xinyi, Li, Yuang, Tan, Zhixiang, Wu, San’An (2025): A new species of the genus Puto Signoret (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Putoidae) from China and redescription of Puto huangshanensis Wu. Zootaxa 5570 (1): 119-137, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5570.1.5, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5570.1.5
03CD8437232DFF82FF5C578DFD0BF8A6.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnostic characteristics: (i) circulus on abdominal segment III complete, more than three times as wide as long, without a constriction; (ii) anal lobe cerarius containing 25 – 30 lanceolate setae; (iii) abundant small multilocular disc-pores present from head to abdominal segment VI; (iv) numerous large multilocular disc-pores present on abdominal segments VI – VIII; (v) ostioles with setae on lips; (vi) anal ring bearing six acute setae; (vii) dorsum with a few large oral collar tubular ducts posterior to sclerotized areas of most cerarii (not within or immediately adjacent to sclerotized areas), also with a few present submedially on head and submargins of thorax; (viii) a few large oral collar tubular ducts ventrally on margins of posterior abdomen; (ix) venter with small oral collar tubular ducts forming groups on margins, and short submedial transverse bands on abdominal segments IV – VII; (x) claw digitules clubbed, extending beyond apex of claw; (xi) cerarii numbering 17 basic pairs, supplementary cerarii usually present also, between thorax and abdominal segment IV; (xii) a few slender oral collar tubular ducts present anterior to clypeolabral shield; and (xiii) venter without lanceolate setae.	en	Zheng, Xinyi, Li, Yuang, Tan, Zhixiang, Wu, San’An (2025): A new species of the genus Puto Signoret (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Putoidae) from China and redescription of Puto huangshanensis Wu. Zootaxa 5570 (1): 119-137, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5570.1.5, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5570.1.5
03CD8437232DFF82FF5C578DFD0BF8A6.taxon	discussion	Remarks. The adult female of P. sinensis is closest to that of P. thailandicus Williams, 2004 in having the following character states: (i) a single circulus situated on venter of abdominal segment III; (ii) anal ring bearing sharply-tipped setae; (iii) oral collar tubular ducts absent from cerarii; (iv) dorsum without additional dorsal cerarii; (v) wide oral collar tubular ducts present on dorsum of head and thorax, and (vi) wide tubular ducts present ventrally on margins. Puto sinensis differs from P. thailandicus by having (contrasting character state in P. thailandicus given in parentheses): (i) multilocular disc-pores of 2 sizes, each pore with 5, 7 or 9 subcentral loculi only (with multilocular disc-pores of only 1 size, each pores with 8 subcentral loculi); and (ii) a few slender oral collar ducts present anterior to clypeolabral shield (with large oral collar ducts anterior to clypeolabral shield) (data of P. thailandicus are derived from Williams (2004 )). The adult female of P. sinensis is also close to that of P. tubulifer Danzig, 1978 in having the following character states: (i) a single circulus situated on venter of abdominal segment III; (ii) anal ring bearing sharply-tipped setae; (iii) oral colar tubular ducts absent from cerarii; (iv) dorsum without additional dorsal cerarii; (v) wide oral collar tubular ducts present on dorsum of head and thorax; (vi) multilocular disc-pores of 2 sizes; and (vii) a few slender oral collar ducts present anterior to clypeolabral shield, these sometimes deformed. Puto sinensis differs from P. tubulifer by having (contrasting character states in P. tubulifer are given in parentheses): (i) multilocular disc-pores each with 5, 7 or 9 subcentral loculi (pores each with 9 or 10 subcentral loculi, quinquelocular pores absent); and (ii) wide oral collar tubular ducts present ventrally on margins throughout (wide tubular ducts absent from margins of head and thorax) (data of P. tubulifer are derived from Danzig & Gavrilov-Zimin (2014 )).	en	Zheng, Xinyi, Li, Yuang, Tan, Zhixiang, Wu, San’An (2025): A new species of the genus Puto Signoret (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Putoidae) from China and redescription of Puto huangshanensis Wu. Zootaxa 5570 (1): 119-137, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5570.1.5, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5570.1.5
03CD8437232DFF82FF5C578DFD0BF8A6.taxon	description	Adult male Appearance in life (Figs 3 B and D). Body midge-like; forewings smoky gray, with anterior sclerotized area black; mesothorax and head coated with white wax; a pair of long, stout caudal pencils of wax present at end of abdomen. Slide-mounted material (n = 3) (Fig. 5). Body 3.1 – 3.2 mm long. Ventral surface of ocular sclerites with sclerotization restricted to near eyes; ocular sclerites each with 7 simple eyes. Antennae slightly longer than body, each with long hair-like setae and satellite setae present. Body with many long hair-like setae (hs). Loculate pores (lp) (Fig. 5 A) present, each 5 – 8 μm in diameter, with 4 or 5 loculi (rarely 6); small simple pores (smp) each about 2.5 μm in diameter, few, present near glandular pouches and posterior to each mesothoracic spiracle. Legs well developed, long hair-like setae, satellite setae and spine-like setae present but without bifurcated setae; tarsi 2 segmented; claws each with a pair of basal spurs, plantar denticle weak or absent, plus a weak denticle near apex; claw digitules with pointed apices. Wings without alar setae or sensoria; a pair of ostioles present between abdominal segments VI and VII; and a pair of glandular pouches present on abdominal segment VIII. Aedeagus slender. Head 380 – 400 µm long, 470 – 480 µm wide, with a row of 7 simple eyes (se) on each side. Dorsum: dorsal mid-cranial ridge (dmcr) extending full length of head, fusing with transverse postoccipital suture (pos) posteriorly. Sclerotization extending from eyes to postoccipital suture (pos); membrane on each side of sclerotized area around dmcr; with 9 – 11 dorsal head setae (dhs) present on each side of dmcr, lp absent. Dorsum of ocular sclerites (ocs) with 10 – 17 dhs, each 10 – 15 μm long. Laterally: se near mid-cranial ridge larger, 58 – 60 μm in diameter; lateral simple eyes smaller, 30 – 43 μm in diameter; simple eyes prominent. With a single ocellus (o) laterally on each side, about 25 μm in diameter, difficult to observe. Ventrally: sclerotization of ocs restricted to near eyes, small sclerotized area near preoral ridges and postocular ridges. Venter of each ocs with 30 – 40 ventral head setae (vhs), some setae with basal sclerotization. Ventral arm of midcranial ridge (vmcr) extending to fuse with preoral ridges (pror) posteriorly; preocular ridge (procr) fusing with vmcr medially. Membranous area anterior to preocular ridge with 9 – 13 vhs and 9 – 13 lp. Postocular ridge (pocr) developed, extending from preoral ridges posteriorly along posterior margin of ocs ventrally. Preoral ridge (pror) sclerotized, extending from posterior end of vmcr posterolaterally, articulating with cervical sclerites (pepcv). Area posterior to pror membranous, without setae. Mouth (m) present. Hair-like setae present on head, each 35 – 60 μm long. Antennae each 10 segmented, filiform, total length of each 3.2 – 3.6 mm, ratio of total body length to antennal length 1: 1.0 – 1.1. Segment lengths (in µm): I, 120 – 135; II, 75 – 95; III, 390 – 460; IV, 425 – 500; V, 390 – 440; VI, 413 – 505; VII, 370 – 430; VIII, 360 – 390; IX, 270 – 365; and X, 280 – 345. Scape (scp) (segment I) stout, 35 – 153 µm wide, with base sclerotized and apex membranous; bearing 2 – 5 short hair-like setae, each 35 – 58 μm long. Pedicel (pdc) (segment II) stout, 83 – 90 µm wide, completely sclerotized, with 4 – 6 long hair-like setae and 1 – 3 short hair-like setae plus 1 campaniform sensillum (camp) dorsally. Each segment of flagellum parallel-sided, 28 – 65 μm wide, with many long hair-like setae (Fig. 5 B), each seta 290 – 465 μm long, mostly with 1 or 2 satellite setae (Fig. 5 B); also with 0 – 3 hair-like setae (Fig. 5 C), each seta 100 – 133 μm long. Segments VIII and IX each with 1 sensory seta (Fig. 5 D) near apex; and apical segment (segment X) with 2 sensory setae and 5 hair-like setae subapically. Antennal intersegmental sensilla (Fig. 5 E) present between segments III – IV, IV – V and VII – VIII, with 2 sensilla at each location. Thorax. Prothorax: dorsum: pronotal ridges (prnr) developed and uninterrupted, fused medially, extending ventrally and nearly touching proepisternum + cervical sclerite (pepcv). With 0 – 3 hair-like setae anteriorly on each side between prnr and postoccipital suture (pos). Pronotal sclerite (prn) developed, each with a group of 8 – 11 lateral pronotal setae (lpns) and about 11 lp. Post-tergite (pt) present, 115 – 125 μm wide, lying transversely, each with a group of 4 – 7 post-tergital setae (pts) and 6 – 8 lp. With 0 – 4 medial pronotal setae (mpns) anterior to prescutum. Laterally: pepcv sclerotized and interrupted medially; anterior part articulating with preoral ridge (pror), posterior end with a triangular sclerotization, articulating with prnr; posterior part becoming broad near articulation with coxa. With a large group of 13 – 17 long propleural setae (pl 1 s) plus 30 – 35 lp. Venter: sternum (stn 1) with sclerotized median and transverse ridges; sternite sclerotized, with reticulated area medially; prosternal apophyses (stn 1 a) developed; each side of sternum with 2 – 4 prosternal setae (stn 1 s) and 2 or 3 lp. Without anteprosternal setae (astn 1 s). With a group of 1 – 4 antemesospiracular setae (asp 2 s) and 0 – 2 lp anterior to each anterior spiracle. Hair-like setae on prothorax each 70 – 118 μm long. Mesothorax: dorsum: prescutum (prsc) sclerotized but not separated from scutum, prescutal ridge (pscr) and suture (pscs) absent or indistinct; without prescutal setae (prscs). Scutum (sct) 690 – 720 μm wide; with a small triangular membranous area anterior to scutellum, 80 – 115 μm long and 100 – 135 μm wide. Scutum with 2 longitudinal bands of 12 – 20 scutal setae (scts) on each side, also 1 – 3 setae along each lateral margin. Scutellum (scl) 295 – 350 µm wide and 165 – 175 µm long, nearly rectangular, with developed marginal ridges and 16 – 25 scutellar setae (scls). Laterally: prealare (pra) sclerotized. Mesepisternum (eps 2) reticulated; subepisternal ridge (ser) developed. Tegula (teg) with about 3 tegular setae (tegs). Mesothoracic spiracles (sp 2) each with outer part of peritreme 60 – 80 µm wide; postmesospiracular setae (pm 2 s) forming a group of 1 – 4 hs medially, plus 1 – 5 hs, 10 – 13 lp and 4 – 7 smp posterior to each spiracle. Venter: basisternum (stn 2) 550 – 590 µm wide and 320 – 340 µm long; without median ridge; anterior margin developed, basisternum bounded posteriorly by well-developed mesoprecoxal ridges (pcr 2); additional short ridge extending ventrally from pcr 2 near articulation of mesocoxa; and with 13 – 21 basisternal setae (stn 2 s) on margins. Lateropleurite (lpl) narrow, with anterior margin poorly sclerotized, area near stn 2 s reticulated. Furca (f) with long arms, each arm 100 – 160 µm long. Mesopostnotum (pn 2) and postnotal apophyses (pn 2 a) well developed. Metathorax: dorsum: metapostnotum (pn 3) either absent or fused to tergites of abdominal segment I; with a short band of 6 – 9 metatergal setae (mts) and 1 – 5 lp on each side; and with 5 – 7 dorsospiracular setae (dss) with 5 – 13 lp. Laterally: Metapleural ridge (plr 3) well developed; suspensorial sclerites (ss) present. Episternum (eps 3) slightly sclerotized, with 4 or 5 postmetaspiracular setae (eps 3 s) and 2 or 3 lp. Precoxal ridge (pcr 3) developed, extending ventrally 142 – 185 µm; an additional short sclerotization present close to each articulation of metacoxa, 65 – 125 μm long. Metepimeron (epm 3) extending posteriorly. Venter: Metathoracic spiracles (sp 3) each with outer part of peritreme 80 – 85 µm wide, without antemetaspiracular setae (am 3 s). Metasternum (stn 3) sclerotized and reticulated, with large lateral metasternal apophyses (stn 3 a); with 12 – 15 anterior metasternal setae (amss) and 5 lp; and with about 2 posterior metasternal setae (pmss). Postmesoprecoxal ridge seta (ppcr 2 s) absent. Wings. Fore wings (Fig. 5 F) oblong and well developed, each 3.0 – 3.4 mm long and 1.2 – 1.4 mm wide; ratio of length to width 1: 0.4; ratio of total body length to wing length 1: 0.96; covered with microtrichia (Fig. 5 G); without alar setae or sensoria. Costal thickening (CT) slightly sclerotized. Subcosta (Sc) and radius (R) present along CT from the wing base, almost reach the apex. Cubitus anterior (CuA) originates from Sc at about 1 / 5 along wing length and runs obliquely to posterior wing margin. Alar lobe fold (alf) sclerotized along proximal posterior margin, with a membranous pocket; anal fold (af) transparent. Hamulohalteres (h) (Fig. 5 H) with anterior margin sclerotized, 233 – 285 µm long and 60 – 65 µm wide; with 3 or 4 hamuli (ham) at tip, each 105 – 115 µm long; each hamulus with apex curved. Legs well developed; lengths (in μm): foreleg shortest: entire length 2,133 – 2,308; coxa 210 – 220; trochanter + femur 710 – 760; tibia 840 – 930; tarsus 300 – 320, and claw 73 – 78; middle leg: entire length 2,108 – 2,286; coxa 220 – 235; trochanter + femur 660 – 740; tibia 860 – 940; tarsus 280 – 310, and claw 70 – 76; hind leg longest: entire length 2,269 – 2,580; coxa 240 – 250; trochanter + femur 710 – 810; tibia 955 – 1,100; tarsus 290 – 345, and claw 74 – 75. Ratio of length of metatibia to length of metatarsus 1: 0.30 – 0.32. Legs setose, each with many hair-like setae, each seta 150 – 290 µm long; coxa, trochanter, femur and tibia with satellite setae; each coxa and trochanter also with some short hair-like setae (30 – 40 μm long). Trochanters each with 2 basal spine-like setae (20 – 23 μm long), and with 3 or 4 (mostly 4) sensory pores on each surface. Tibia with some inner-side spine-like setae (Fig. 5 I) on distal half, each seta 45 – 55 μm long. Tarsi each 2 segmented, with proximal segment triangular, without setae; segment II with a tarsal campaniform sensillum proximally, inner side with spine-like setae, each 25 – 40 μm long; outer side with hair-like setae, each 38 – 88 μm long; tarsal digitules (tdgt) with pointed apices, each 63 – 65 μm long. Claws (c) (Fig. 5 J) each with a pair of basal spurs (each about 10 μm long), plantar denticle weak or absent; plus a weak denticle near apex; claw digitules (cdgt) conical, each 30 – 35 μm, shorter than claw. Abdomen. Segments I – VII: tergites (at) represented by pairs of small sclerotizations on anterior margins of all segments, smaller posteriorly, at on segments I – VI reticulated. Sternites (as) similar to at but on segments II – VII, reticulated on segments II – V. Caudal extensions (ce) absent. Each segment with dorsal abdominal setae (ads), dorsopleural setae (dps), ventral pleural setae (vps) and ventral abdominal setae (avs), accompanied by lp; with more lp on margins. A pair of distinct ostioles present laterally between segments VI and VII. Segment VIII with at strongly sclerotized and cambered across segment, and a group of ads posterior to at; also with a pair of large sclerotized as, a group of avs posterior to each as. Hair-like setae forming groups on margins. Glandular pouches (gp) (Fig. 5 K) large and shallow, each with about 240 lp, each pore (Fig. 5 L) with 4 – 7 loculi; each gp containing 2 rather thick glandular pouch setae (gls), each 275 – 290 µm long, plus 11 – 15 shorter setae, each 25 – 98 μm long; each pair of gls with a large group of duct-like pores around their bases. Abdominal spiracles not detected. Genital segment. Anal opening (an) present on membranous dorsum of penial sheath, 50 – 58 μm wide. Penial sheath (ps) (Fig. 5 M) extending posteriorly from segment VIII, with base broad and tapering to a point, 390 – 445 µm long and 220 – 320 μm wide basally; mostly membranous but with sclerotized framework. Venter of membrane with 7 – 9 hair-like penial sheath setae, each 33 – 55 μm long; dorsum with 6 or 7 setae on membrane; sclerotized framework with some hair-like setae anteriorly, becoming spine-like (Fig. 5 N) and shorter posteriorly; with a group of sensoria (psp) near tip. Basal rod (bra) strongly sclerotized, 200 – 255 μm long, attached ventrally to anterior margin of penial sheath. Aedeagus (aed) sclerotized, 405 – 475 µm long, long and C-shaped, broadest at base (about 58 µm wide), tapering posteriorly (apex about 13 µm wide); attached to bra basally; apex not bilobate.	en	Zheng, Xinyi, Li, Yuang, Tan, Zhixiang, Wu, San’An (2025): A new species of the genus Puto Signoret (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Putoidae) from China and redescription of Puto huangshanensis Wu. Zootaxa 5570 (1): 119-137, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5570.1.5, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5570.1.5
03CD8437232DFF82FF5C578DFD0BF8A6.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnostic characteristics: (i) fore-wings developed; (ii) claw with a weak denticle near apex and a pair of basal spurs, with or without a weak plantar denticle medially; (iii) tarsal digitules with pointed apices; (iv) with 9 – 13 loculate pores on each side of membranous area anterior to ocular sclerite; (v) with seven eyes on each side of head; (vi) antennal segment II with elongate setae and satellite setae; (vii) glandular pouches each containing about 240 loculate pores, pores each with 4 – 7 loculi, mostly with 5 or 6 loculi; (viii) both sides of abdomen with loculate pores, these fewer on venter; (ix) long hair-like setae on antenna each 290 – 465 μm long; (x) tegula with about 3 tegular setae; (xi) apex of aedeagus not bilobate; (xii) sclerotization of ocular sclerites restricted to near eyes; and (xiii) small simple pores very few, present near glandular pouches and posterior to each mesothoracic spiracle.	en	Zheng, Xinyi, Li, Yuang, Tan, Zhixiang, Wu, San’An (2025): A new species of the genus Puto Signoret (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Putoidae) from China and redescription of Puto huangshanensis Wu. Zootaxa 5570 (1): 119-137, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5570.1.5, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5570.1.5
03CD8437232DFF82FF5C578DFD0BF8A6.taxon	discussion	Remarks. The adult male of P. sinensis differs from that of P. huangshanensis by having (contrasting character states in P. huangshanensis are given in parentheses): (i) sclerotization of ocular sclerites restricted to near eyes (sclerotization extending to postocular ridge); (ii) claw without or with a weak plantar denticle medially (with a strong plantar denticle medially); (iii) glandular pouches each containing about 240 loculate pores (with about 100 loculate pores); (iv) sixth antennal segment longest (fifth antennal segment longest); and (v) a few small simple pores present near glandular pouches and posterior to each mesothoracic spiracle (present throughout whole body). The adult male of P. sinensis is closest to that of P. cupressi (Coleman, 1908) in having the following character states: (i) aedeagus blunt apically; (ii) each side of head with seven eyes plus one ocellus; (iii) antennal segment III more than 350 µm long; and (iv) antennal segment IV or VI longest. Puto sinensis cannot be distinguished from P. cupressi using morphological characters, because the descriptions of the latter are all too simple (Coleman 1901, 1908, Ferris 1918). However, they can be distinguished by their distributions and host plant preferences: P. sinensis occurs only in the Old World, in the Oriental region, and feeds on Lauraceae (belonging to the Angiospermae); whereas P. cupressi occurs only in the New World, in the Palearctic region, and feeds on Cupressaceae, Pinaceae and Taxaceae (belonging to the Gymnospermae).	en	Zheng, Xinyi, Li, Yuang, Tan, Zhixiang, Wu, San’An (2025): A new species of the genus Puto Signoret (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Putoidae) from China and redescription of Puto huangshanensis Wu. Zootaxa 5570 (1): 119-137, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5570.1.5, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5570.1.5
03CD8437232BFF83FF5C5405FA29FA08.taxon	discussion	Notes: The key does not include P. brunnitarsis (Signoret 1875) because the available description is inadequate. The data of P. barberi (Cockerell), P. marsicanus and P. thailandicus are derived from Williams & Granara de Willink (1992), Marotta & Tranfaglia (1993) and Williams (2004) respectively.	en	Zheng, Xinyi, Li, Yuang, Tan, Zhixiang, Wu, San’An (2025): A new species of the genus Puto Signoret (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Putoidae) from China and redescription of Puto huangshanensis Wu. Zootaxa 5570 (1): 119-137, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5570.1.5, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5570.1.5
03CD8437232AFF9CFF5C56A7FA29FA5A.taxon	discussion	Notes: In Powell & Miller’s (2024) original key, P. huangshanensis was characterized by “ with aedeagus acute apically or bifurcate apically ”; however, having examined specimens, we have revised this to “ aedeagus blunt apically ”. We were not able to find morphological characters to distinguish the adult males of P. cupressi from P. sinensis because the descriptions of P. cupressi are very simple, so we distinguished them by their distributions and host-plant preferences.	en	Zheng, Xinyi, Li, Yuang, Tan, Zhixiang, Wu, San’An (2025): A new species of the genus Puto Signoret (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Putoidae) from China and redescription of Puto huangshanensis Wu. Zootaxa 5570 (1): 119-137, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5570.1.5, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5570.1.5
