identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03CC879E8865E12D4390FD3FFA228554.text	03CC879E8865E12D4390FD3FFA228554.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Exsul	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Key to  Exsul species </p>
            <p> 1 Dorsocentrals 3+4; males with wings broad and dark brown; abdomen elliptic............................  E. singularis</p>
            <p>- Dorsocentrals and male wings and abdomen shape different from above.......................................... 2</p>
            <p> 2 Dorsocentrals 2+4; male: katepisternals 1+2 and notopleurals 2...........................................  E. tenuis</p>
            <p> - Dorsocentrals 4+4; male katepisternals 2+3 and notopleurals 4....................................  E. alfredoi sp. n.</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CC879E8865E12D4390FD3FFA228554	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Barbosa, Leandro Silva;Couri, Márcia Souto	Barbosa, Leandro Silva, Couri, Márcia Souto (2013): New species and redescriptions of the New Zealand genus Exsul Hutton (Diptera: Muscidae: Coenosiinae). Zootaxa 3647 (2): 382-389, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3647.2.9
03CC879E8865E12D4390FF2BFC8884A8.text	03CC879E8865E12D4390FF2BFC8884A8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Exsul Hutton 1901	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Exsul Hutton, 1901</p>
            <p> Exsul Hutton, 1901: 75 . Type-species:  Exsul singularis Hutton, 1901 , mon. (orig.desc.). Type-locality: New Zealand. </p>
            <p>Diagnosis. Eye slightly haired; arista pubescent; parafacial with cilia; prementum shining, prestomal teeth well developed, prealar seta absent; dorsocentrals (2-4)+4; meron and prosternum bare; veins R4+5 and M slightly divergent; anepimeron bare; bowed tibiae; calcar absent; sternite 1 bare or with few hairs near hind margin; hypoproct with stiff thin setae or hairs.</p>
            <p> Affinities. Malloch (1923) suggested a morphological similarity of  Exsul with  Lispoides Malloch, 1920 . Indeed, both genera share characters as ocellar triangle short; numerous frontal setae; parafacial with cilia; apical portion of veins M and R4+5 divergent, the last character not found in other  Limnophorini genera. </p>
            <p>Distribution. New Zealand, southwest of South Island.</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CC879E8865E12D4390FF2BFC8884A8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Barbosa, Leandro Silva;Couri, Márcia Souto	Barbosa, Leandro Silva, Couri, Márcia Souto (2013): New species and redescriptions of the New Zealand genus Exsul Hutton (Diptera: Muscidae: Coenosiinae). Zootaxa 3647 (2): 382-389, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3647.2.9
03CC879E8865E1284390FC34FA8587F8.text	03CC879E8865E1284390FC34FA8587F8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Exsul singularis Hutton 1901	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Exsul singularis Hutton, 1901</p>
            <p>(Figs. 2–6)</p>
            <p> Exsul singularis Hutton, 1901: 75 . Holotype male [not examined], Type-locality: New Zealand, southwest of South Island. </p>
            <p>Diagnosis. Dorsocentrals 3+4. Wings very broad and dark brown in males, with a remarkable brown suffusion along sides of all veins in females. Pilosity denser than in the other species.</p>
            <p>Male. Body length: 13 mm; wing: 15 mm</p>
            <p>General coloration. Ground color dark brown with gray pollinosity; frons dark gray; fronto-orbital plate and gena gray, with silver pollinosity. Dorsum of mesonotum gray with four dark gray vittae. Calypters and halter whitish. Wing dark brown with hyaline spots. All femora gray and tibiae shining black. Abdominal tergites dorsally with faint brown spots and gray laterally.</p>
            <p>Head. Male dichoptic. Frontal row with 10 setae each side. Fronto-orbital plate covered with cilia. Ocellar plate short. Ocellar setae long and ocellar cilia long and hooked at apex. Antenna short, not reaching the epistome; postpedicel slightly larger than pedicel. Arista with short pubescence. Palpus cylindrical. Parafacial with cilia. Cheeks upwards projected.</p>
            <p>Thorax. Proepimeral seta developed and upward directed. Dorsocentral setae 3+4; prosternum bare; notopleurals 2; anepimeron bare; katepimeron with covering cilia; katepisternals 1+2. scutellum with covering cilia and one pair of basal, subbasal, subapical, apical and discal setae. Prealar setae absent. Wings very large; dm-cu longer than in the other species; veins R1 bare apically on dorsal surface; dorsal and ventral surfaces of the radial node bare. M and R4+5 divergent to apex. Legs with intense pilosity; all femora with anteroventral and posteroventral rows of setae; hind tibia with anterodorsal and posterodorsal rows of setae.</p>
            <p>Abdomen. Elliptic with intense pilosity. Sternite 1 bare.</p>
            <p>Terminalia. Hypandrium plate-like. Aedeagus apex slender; distiphallus complex with sclerotized structure and distal membrane developed; gonopod relatively short and paramere developed and subpointed (Fig. 2). Sternite 5 setulose, subquadrangular (Fig. 3). Cercal plate developed with posterior concavity (Fig. 4).</p>
            <p>Female. Length: 11 mm, wing: 13 mm</p>
            <p>Similar to male, differing as follows: wings not as broad as in males and not dark brown. All veins with a remarkable brown suffusion along their length. Legs without intense pilosity; fore and hind tibia with a posterior median seta.</p>
            <p>Ovipositor. Moderately long, with large tergites with setae on posterior margins. Sternite 6 broad and sternite 7 arrow-shape with five setae (Fig. 5–6).</p>
            <p>Note. The general appearance of this species is very peculiar, differing from all others muscids by the large and dark wings of male.</p>
            <p>Material examined. NEW ZEALAND: McKinnon Pass, 05.i.1928 [13 (nº39.042), 1Ƥ (nº81.806) AMNZ], 28.xii.1919, Tillyard col., [13, USNM], 29.xii.1919 [1Ƥ (nº85.712 and 81.805), AMNZ]; WD Mark Ra., 1.120m, 10.i.1996, B.M.Patrick col., [13 (nº23.582), AMNZ]. MC Cass, South Island, 1930, G.A. Helson &amp; Tawera col. [13 (nº39.046), AMNZ]. WD Mt. Moltke, Franz Josef, 20.i.1925, [no collector name], [2Ƥ (nº85.714 and 85.713), AMNZ]. NC Arthurs Pass NP, 1.375m, 17.i.1998, J.W. Early &amp; R.F. Gilbert col. [13 (nº81.807), AMNZ].</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CC879E8865E1284390FC34FA8587F8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Barbosa, Leandro Silva;Couri, Márcia Souto	Barbosa, Leandro Silva, Couri, Márcia Souto (2013): New species and redescriptions of the New Zealand genus Exsul Hutton (Diptera: Muscidae: Coenosiinae). Zootaxa 3647 (2): 382-389, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3647.2.9
03CC879E8860E1284390FDD2FE3983A3.text	03CC879E8860E1284390FDD2FE3983A3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Exsul tenuis Malloch 1923	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Exsul tenuis Malloch, 1923</p>
            <p>(Figs. 7–11)</p>
            <p> Exsul tenuis Malloch, 1923: 674 . Holotype male, deposited at Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Department of Entomology [not examined]. Type-locality: New Zealand, Milford Sound. 24.xii.1920. Collector C. Fenwick. </p>
            <p> Diagnosis. Dorsocentrals 2+4. Wings similar to female of  E. singularis , although hyaline. This species is similar to  E. singularis differing as follows: </p>
            <p>Male. Body length: 11 mm; wing: 13 mm</p>
            <p>General coloration. Wing veins with a remarkable brown suffusion along their length and hyaline in females.</p>
            <p>Head. Frontal row with six pairs of setae.</p>
            <p>Thorax. Dorsocentral setae 2+4. Legs without intense pilosity; fore and hind tibia with a posterior median seta.</p>
            <p>Abdomen. Cylindrical.</p>
            <p>Terminalia. Hypandrium plate-like. Aedeagus apex enlarged; distiphallus complex with sclerotized structure and distal membrane developed; gonopod relatively short and paramere developed and subpointed (Fig. 7). Sternite 5 setulose, subtriangular (Fig. 8). Cercal plate developed with posterior concavity (Fig. 9).</p>
            <p>Female. Length: 11 mm, wing: 13 mm</p>
            <p>Similar to male, except for wings hyaline and abdomen elliptic.</p>
            <p>Ovipositor. Moderately long, with large tergites with setae on posterior edge. Sternite 6 thick and 7 arrowshape with five setae (Fig. 10–11).</p>
            <p>Material examined. NEW ZEALAND: McKinnon, 28.xii.1919, Tillyard col., Malloch det. [13, USNM 13 (nº85.710), AMNZ]. Milford Sound, 24.xii.1920, C. Fenwick col., Sabrosky det., [Allotype, 1Ƥ, USNM]. McKinnon Pass, 29–30.xii.1919, [no collector name] [43 (nº 81.802, 81.803, 81.804 and 85.709), 2Ƥ (nº 81.805 and 81.806) AMNZ].</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CC879E8860E1284390FDD2FE3983A3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Barbosa, Leandro Silva;Couri, Márcia Souto	Barbosa, Leandro Silva, Couri, Márcia Souto (2013): New species and redescriptions of the New Zealand genus Exsul Hutton (Diptera: Muscidae: Coenosiinae). Zootaxa 3647 (2): 382-389, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3647.2.9
03CC879E8860E12B4390FA28FAA184E4.text	03CC879E8860E12B4390FA28FAA184E4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Exsul alfredoi	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Exsul alfredoi sp. n.</p>
            <p>(Figs. 12–16)</p>
            <p>Holotype male, deposited at Auckland Museum.</p>
            <p>Type-locality: New Zealand, southwest of South Island.</p>
            <p> Diagnosis. Its appearance is very similar to  E. tenuis differing as follows: dorsocentrals 4+4; katepisternals 2+3; notopleurals 4. Aedeagal apodema thicker than the others species, paramere end not pointed; sternite 5 rounded; cercal plate slender with upper concavity deeper than others species. Wings similar to  E. tenuis . </p>
            <p>Male. Body length: 10 mm; wing: 13 mm</p>
            <p>General coloration. Similar to previous species.</p>
            <p>Head. frontal row with six pairs of setae</p>
            <p>Abdomen. Cylindrical.</p>
            <p>Terminalia. Hypandrium plate-like. Aedeagus enlarged; distiphallus complex with sclerotized structure and distal membrane short; gonopod developed and paramere subrounded (Fig. 12). Sternite 5 setulose, rounded (Fig. 13). Cercal plate slender with a deep posterior concavity (Fig. 14).</p>
            <p>Female. Length: 11 mm, wing: 12 mm</p>
            <p> Similar to  Exsul tenuis female, except for dorsocentrals 4+4. Wings hyaline. Abdomen elliptic. </p>
            <p>Ovipositor. Moderately long, with large tergites with setae on posterior edge. Sternite 6 broad and 7 arrowshape with six setae (Fig. 15–16).</p>
            <p>Etymology: The specific name is in honor of first author’s father, Carlos Alfredo Barbosa, present in all aspects of my life.</p>
            <p>Material examined. NEW ZEALAND: McKinnon Pass, 29–30.xii.1919, [no collector name] [Holotype 13 (nº 85.708), Paratype 1Ƥ (nº 85711) AMNZ].</p>
            <p>Discussion</p>
            <p>The disposition of dorsocentrals 4+ 4 in both sexes, the presence of 4 notopleurals and 2+3 katepisternals in males, and the genital structures of the new species are very distinctive from the other species. The three species can be easily separated especially by the dorsocentral setae. The color pattern does not show a significant difference. All three species show an accentuated dimorphism, where the males are more distinguishable than females.</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CC879E8860E12B4390FA28FAA184E4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Barbosa, Leandro Silva;Couri, Márcia Souto	Barbosa, Leandro Silva, Couri, Márcia Souto (2013): New species and redescriptions of the New Zealand genus Exsul Hutton (Diptera: Muscidae: Coenosiinae). Zootaxa 3647 (2): 382-389, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3647.2.9
