taxonID	type	description	language	source
03CF9E47D9132D49159FF87FFC6FB40A.taxon	materials_examined	Type species: Langelurillus primus Próchniewicz, 1994.	en	Caleb, John T. D. (2017): Two new species of Langelurillus Próchniewicz, 1994 from India (Araneae: Salticidae: Aelurillina). Zootaxa 4318 (1): 135-146, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4318.1.6
03CF9E47D9132D49159FF87FFC6FB40A.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Small spiders (3.0 – 5.5 mm) with high carapace and ovoid abdomen. Male palp with large, convex tegulum bearing a postero-retrolateral lobe; small tegular apophysis, sometimes hidden under tegulum, present on the prolateral edge; embolus long and coiled, accompanied by membrane; three tibial apophyses, rarely two. Epigyne sclerotized with lateral copulatory openings and long copulatory ducts; accessory glands present, spermathecae multichambered (Wesołowska & Russell-Smith, 2000).	en	Caleb, John T. D. (2017): Two new species of Langelurillus Próchniewicz, 1994 from India (Araneae: Salticidae: Aelurillina). Zootaxa 4318 (1): 135-146, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4318.1.6
03CF9E47D9122D4F159FFE78FD8FB617.taxon	materials_examined	Type material: Holotype: Male (NCBS-AW 249) from Aarey Milk Colony (19 ° 08 ' 37.4922 " N, 72 ° 52 ' 51.459 " E), alt. 61 m, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India, 20 June 2016, leg. Rajesh V. Sanap. Paratypes (same data as holotype): 2 males (NCBS-AW 250 – 251).	en	Caleb, John T. D. (2017): Two new species of Langelurillus Próchniewicz, 1994 from India (Araneae: Salticidae: Aelurillina). Zootaxa 4318 (1): 135-146, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4318.1.6
03CF9E47D9122D4F159FFE78FD8FB617.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific name refers to the transverse ‘ milky-white’ band of hairs behind the anterior eye row (Figs 1 A – B).	en	Caleb, John T. D. (2017): Two new species of Langelurillus Próchniewicz, 1994 from India (Araneae: Salticidae: Aelurillina). Zootaxa 4318 (1): 135-146, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4318.1.6
03CF9E47D9122D4F159FFE78FD8FB617.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Species resembles L. furcatus Wesołowska & Russell-Smith, 2000 in male palpal morphology. However, it can be easily distinguished by the general body color pattern; white stripe of hairs just behind the anterior eye row and fawn abdomen (Figs 1 A – B) (uniformly dark in L. furcatus); with two RTA bent ventrally; RTA 1 (ventralmost apophysis) with broader and rounded apex; dorsal edge of RTA 1 with indentation; RTA 2 (dorsalmost apophysis) stout (Figs 3 B, 6 B) (RTA 2 long and flattened in L. furcatus).	en	Caleb, John T. D. (2017): Two new species of Langelurillus Próchniewicz, 1994 from India (Araneae: Salticidae: Aelurillina). Zootaxa 4318 (1): 135-146, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4318.1.6
03CF9E47D9122D4F159FFE78FD8FB617.taxon	description	Description. Male (holotype, Figs 2 A – D, 3 A – D, 6 A – B). Total length: 4.03, carapace: 2.15 long, 1.61 wide; abdomen: 1.88 long, 1.38 wide. Carapace dark, covered with dark brown hairs; a pair of thin longitudinal white stripes extends from behind the ALEs and end at posterior slope (Figs 1 A – B, 2 A, 2 C). Anterior eyes surrounded by orangish orbital setae, except the anterior region which is lined by white orbital setae. Short brown hairs clothe the clypeal region (Figs 1 B, 2 D); broad patch of white hairs extend backwards on the lateral outer margins of the carapace; outer edge of carapace lined by thin stripe of white hairs. Eye measurements: AME 0.42, ALE 0.29, PME 0.09, PLE 0.23, AME – AME 0.04; AME – ALE 0.02; ALE – PME 0.44; PME – PME 1.29; PME – PLE 0.16; PLE – PLE 1.11. Clypeus height 0.24. Sternum oval, yellowish with dark pigmentation seen medially (Fig. 2 B). Chelicerae without any teeth; labium and maxillae yellowish. Legs I – II yellowish; III – IV with brownish annulations at proximal region of each article from femur to tarsus (Figs 1 A – B); ventral region of coxae and proximal femora covered with dense bristles (Fig. 2 B). Leg measurements: I 2.88 (1.03, 0.63, 0.61, 0.36, 0.25); II 2.74 (0.95, 0.65, 0.57, 0.32, 0.25); III 3.95 (1.47, 0.66, 0.75, 0.62, 0.45); IV 3.48 (1.17, 0.49, 0.67, 0.65, 0.48). Leg formula: 3412. Leg spination: femur I 0400; II 0 500, III 1 400, IV 0300; patella IV 1010; tibia I 1003, II 1001, III 3122, IV 3132; metatarsus I 1004, II 1004, III 2025, IV 2032. Abdomen oval; reddish brown dorsally with paler whitish hairs making indistinct spots mid-dorsally; venter of abdomen yellowish (Figs 2 A – B). The anterior pair of spinnerets yellowish; posterior pair dark brown (Fig. 2 A). Palps covered with short pale yellowish hairs; embolus coiled, thin; RTA 1 broad with a translucent, less sclerotized blunt tip; RTA 2 stout, canine-like, curving inwards; VTA blunt, protruding prolaterally (Fig. 3 A). Female. Unknown.	en	Caleb, John T. D. (2017): Two new species of Langelurillus Próchniewicz, 1994 from India (Araneae: Salticidae: Aelurillina). Zootaxa 4318 (1): 135-146, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4318.1.6
03CF9E47D9122D4F159FFE78FD8FB617.taxon	distribution	Distribution. India: Maharashtra.	en	Caleb, John T. D. (2017): Two new species of Langelurillus Próchniewicz, 1994 from India (Araneae: Salticidae: Aelurillina). Zootaxa 4318 (1): 135-146, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4318.1.6
03CF9E47D91B2D42159FFF7CFB38B08A.taxon	materials_examined	Type material: Holotype: Male (NCBS-AW 254) from Aarey Milk Colony (19 ° 08 ' 37.4922 " N, 72 ° 52 ' 51.459 " E), alt. 61 m, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India, 16 June 2016, leg. Rajesh V. Sanap. Paratypes: 4 males (NCBS-AW 255 – 258) (same data as holotype); 2 males (ADSH- 852601) from Fulsar (21 ° 42 ' 24 " N, 73 ° 35 ' 29 " E), alt. 208 m, and Sagai (21 ° 40 ' 11 " N, 73 ° 47 ' 49 " E), alt. 382 m, both in Shoolpaneshwar Wildlife Sanctuary, Gujarat, India, 21 August 2015, leg. D. A. Prajapati.	en	Caleb, John T. D. (2017): Two new species of Langelurillus Próchniewicz, 1994 from India (Araneae: Salticidae: Aelurillina). Zootaxa 4318 (1): 135-146, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4318.1.6
03CF9E47D91B2D42159FFF7CFB38B08A.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific epithet is a noun in apposition. It refers to the shiny black carapace bordered with a band of white hairs resembling an oxide mineral (Fig. 1 D).	en	Caleb, John T. D. (2017): Two new species of Langelurillus Próchniewicz, 1994 from India (Araneae: Salticidae: Aelurillina). Zootaxa 4318 (1): 135-146, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4318.1.6
03CF9E47D91B2D42159FFF7CFB38B08A.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. L. onyx sp. nov. seems closely related to L. nigritus (Berland & Millot, 1941) and L. quadrimaculatus Wesołowska & Russell-Smith, 2011, but can be distinguished by the following characters: RTA 1 broad and much shorter with tapering and slight downwardly curved tip (Figs 5 B, 6 D) (in L. quadrimaculatus, RTA 1 with nearly uniform width and sharp pointed tip arising distally; see Wesołowska & Russell-Smith 2011: fig. 84; in L. nigritus, RTA 1 narrow and significantly curved distally; see Rollard & Wesołowska 2002: figs 12 E, 12 F); RTA 2 nearly twice RTA 1 length, dorso-ventrally flattened, nearly uniform in width, curved and hook shaped, clearly protruding out retrolaterally, which can be observed in dorsal view (Fig. 5 C) (in L. quadrimaculatus, apophysis placed dorsally, long with broad base and tapering tip; see Wesołowska & Russell-Smith 2011: figs 84 – 85; in L. nigritus, apophysis placed dorsally, finger-like and protruding vertically positioned in the medial vertical axis (compare Fig. 5 C herein with fig. 12 H in Rollard & Wesołowska 2002); embolic tip pointing at 12 o’clock position in ventral view (Figs 5 D, 6 C) (1 o’clock in L. nigritus; see Rollard & Wesołowska 2002: fig. 12 C).	en	Caleb, John T. D. (2017): Two new species of Langelurillus Próchniewicz, 1994 from India (Araneae: Salticidae: Aelurillina). Zootaxa 4318 (1): 135-146, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4318.1.6
03CF9E47D91B2D42159FFF7CFB38B08A.taxon	description	Description. Male holotype. Total length: 4.67, carapace: 2.68 long, 1.90 wide; abdomen: 1.99 long, 1.64 wide. Carapace blackish, dorsally devoid of any markings (Figs 1 D, 4 A). Anterior eyes sparsely surrounded by orangish orbital setae; clypeal region blackish (Fig. 4 D); carapace margined by a broad patch of white hairs; outer rim of carapace lined by thin stripe of white hairs (Figs 1 C, 4 C). Eye measurements: AME 0.52, ALE 0.34, PME 0.08, PLE 0.25, AME – AME 0.06; AME – ALE 0.04; ALE – PME 0.53; PME – PME 1.55; PME – PLE 0.21; PLE – PLE 1.36. Clypeus height 0.26. Sternum oval, brownish with dark outline covered with yellow hairs (Fig. 4 B). Chelicerae without teeth; labium and maxillae yellowish. Legs yellowish; III – IV with light brown annulations from tibiae to tarsi; venter of all femur with a thin black patch proximally. Leg measurements: I 3.58 (1.34, 0.74, 0.66, 0.44, 0.40); II 3.42 (1.19, 0.76, 0.63, 0.43, 0.41); III 5.03 (1.90, 0.76, 0.91, 0.78, 0.63); IV 4.44 (1.46, 0.67, 0.79, 0.84, 0.68). Leg formula: 3412. Leg spination: femur I 0400; II 0 500, III 1600, IV 0 400; patella III 1010, IV 1010; tibia I 2003, II 2001, III 3 133, IV 3133; metatarsus I 1004, II 1004, III 2025, IV 3033. Abdomen oval, brownish dorsally; venter yellowish with mosaic-like black spots and brownish posterior median region extending posteriorly to the spinnerets. Spinnerets moderately long; anterior pair brownish, posterior pair yellowish (Figs 4 A – B). Palpal femur and patella covered with white hairs; cymbium covered with pale yellowish hairs; embolus coiled; thin; RTA 1 with a broad base tapering toward the tip, slightly curved; RTA 2 long, almost right-angled to the base, dorso-ventrally flattened; VTA less conspicuous (Figs 5 A – D, 6 C – D). Female. Unknown.	en	Caleb, John T. D. (2017): Two new species of Langelurillus Próchniewicz, 1994 from India (Araneae: Salticidae: Aelurillina). Zootaxa 4318 (1): 135-146, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4318.1.6
03CF9E47D91B2D42159FFF7CFB38B08A.taxon	distribution	Distribution. India: Maharashtra, Gujarat. Natural History. Both species were primarily collected from Aarey milk colony (Figs 8, 9 A – B), a green patch in the suburb of Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. Situated at the banks of the river Mithi, the colony stretches over 1287 hectares of land. The area is connected to the Sanjay Gandhi National Park (SGNP) towards the north, and acts as a buffer zone to the park. The draft notification prepared by the union ministry of environment, forest and climate change for the buffer zone of SGNP has declared the entire area of Aarey milk colony as an eco-sensitive zone. The forest is mostly dry deciduous with a mixture of both indigenous and exotic species of trees. The forest is dominated by species of trees such as Acacia sp., Cassia spp, Mangifera spp, species of palms, Butea spp, Adenanthera spp, Leucaena spp, Bombax spp, Tabebuia spp, Spathodia spp etc. The understory vegetation changes greatly with seasons, but comprises mostly ferns, Costus spp, Zizipus spp, Strobilanthes spp and Lantana spp.	en	Caleb, John T. D. (2017): Two new species of Langelurillus Próchniewicz, 1994 from India (Araneae: Salticidae: Aelurillina). Zootaxa 4318 (1): 135-146, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4318.1.6
03CF9E47D91B2D42159FFF7CFB38B08A.taxon	description	L. onyx was mostly found inhabiting small sandy and rocky patches by the road sides. All the males were collected from rock crevices along the road. The species was found in both dense forest cover and the open patches. On the other hand, L. lacteus was mostly found residing in the dry leaf litter on the forest floor. Naturally, this species was only found in the areas of the forest dominated by trees. Both species were collected during fall season (October – November), when the dry litter on forest floor is plenty and the weather is cool and dry. Although, observations on the seasonality of the species need to be taken, since the forest receives heavy rains during the monsoon, and summers are intense. In recent past, five to six species were described from Aarey milk colony as new to science. The increasing anthropogenic disturbances have become a serious threat to the poorly known fauna in this area. Effective conservation strategies and management policies are required to conserve these remarkable species.	en	Caleb, John T. D. (2017): Two new species of Langelurillus Próchniewicz, 1994 from India (Araneae: Salticidae: Aelurillina). Zootaxa 4318 (1): 135-146, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4318.1.6
