taxonID	type	description	language	source
03C387D6FA76FFA6FF37BB7BFD47FEAE.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. 1 male (32.9 x 33.2 mm) (ZRC 2000.565), Tumon Bay, Guam, 400 m, in fishtrap, coll. S. Annesbury, October 1999. Comparative material. Tanaoa distinctus (Rathbun, 1894): 1 male (38.4 x 37.5 mm), 1 female (ZRC 2000.535), station 34, TC 33, Hawaiian Islands, coll. Townsend Cromwell. Colour. In life, the species is a dirty white overall with scattered orange granules (Fig. 5 A).	en	Ng, Peter K. L., Forges, Bertrand Richer De (2007): A new genus and new species of leucosiid crab from New Caledonia, with a note on the validity of Tanaoa serenei (Richer de Forges, 1983) (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura). Zootaxa 1662: 15-24, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.179982
03C387D6FA76FFA6FF37BB7BFD47FEAE.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Galil (2003) synonymised Randallia serenei Richer de Forges, 1983, with R. distincta Rathbun, 1894, and referred the latter to her new genus Tanaoa. She commented “ Richer de Forges (1983: 638), distinguished R. serenei from R. distincta in having more rounded tubercules on the posterior margin of the carapace and pronounced branchio-cardiac grooves, though admitting “ Pour mieux décrire chacune de ces espèces, il serait nécessaire d’examiner une gamme de taille de chaque espèce ”. Examination of the type series of R. distincta and R. serenei, and numerous additional specimens, including the male first pleopod, has shown that the latter is a junior synonym of the former ” (Galil 2003: 404). In her material examined, Galil (2003) listed not just the types but also extensive material from the U. S. National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington D. C. (USNM) and MNHN of both taxa. We have examined adult male specimens of both Randallia serenei Richer de Forges, 1983, and R. distincta Rathbun, 1894 (now in the genus Tanaoa), and we do not agree with Galil’s (2003) decision about their synonymy. All specimens are similar in size and clearly mature. The size of the granules along the lateral carapace margins, particularly the anterolateral part, is distinctly more uneven in R. serenei (Fig. 1 B), with that of R. distincta more entire and less prominently raised (Fig. 1 A). The size of the cardiac spine is also prominently larger in R. serenei (Fig. 1 B) than in R. distincta (Fig. 1 A). The carapace features are quite different. While both have the dorsal surfaces granular, the granules on R. serenei are relatively larger and more beaded (Fig. 1 B). The surface granules are much smaller and more squamiform in R. distincta (Fig. 1 A) than in R. serenei (Fig. 1 B). The surfaces of the sternum, abdomen, third maxillipeds and pereiopods are also different with regard to the form of their granules (Fig. 1 A, C versus Fig. 1 B, D). Very prominent is also the difference in the strength of the grooves around the gastric, cardiac and branchial regions. In R. serenei, the grooves are very deep and prominent (Fig. 1 B) while they are very shallow in R. distincta (Fig. 1 A). The G 1 structures also differ. In R. serenei, the G 1 is relatively more slender and the distal part has a distinct subdistal projection (Fig. 4 E, F). The G 1 of the ZRC specimen of R. distincta is proportionately stouter and the distal part only has a small lobe just before the tip (Fig. 4 A – C). Dr. Bella Galil was kind enough to send us her unpublished figure of the G 1 of the largest Hawaiian male of R. distincta (carapace width 43.0 mm, USNM 29882). The distal part of its G 1 (Fig. 4 D) is interesting as it is dilated forming a broad triangular flap. The distal part of the G 1 of the ZRC specimen (Fig. 4 B) has the inner margins somewhat folded and crenulated, and if expanded, it would probably resemble the condition of the USNM specimen (Fig. 4 D). Certainly the difference in the shape of the distal part of the G 1 of the ZRC and USNM specimens can be accounted for by variation. The condition of the distal part of the G 1 of the USNM specimen of R. distincta (Fig. 4 D), however, is still rather different from that of R. serenei, which has a subdistal finger-like projection (Fig. 4 F). Galil’s (2003: Figs. 1 B, 3 C, D) figures of “ Tanaoa distinctus ” were based on a specimen from Tuscarora Seamount near Wallis I. in the southwestern Pacific Ocean; they agree in all respects with what is here defined as R. serenei. Galil (2007) also reports “ T. distinctus ” from the Solomon Islands. This material needs to be rechecked to ascertain which of the two species they belong to. For the moment, T. distinctus sensu stricto is known only from the Hawaiian Islands. The first author has examined a good series of specimens of R. distincta from the type locality (Hawaiian Islands) in the Bishop Museum, Honolulu (from which the present pair in ZRC originated) and there are no major variations in carapace form. He also examined numerous specimens of R. serenei in the collections of the Marine Biology Laboratory of the University of Guam (from which the present specimen in ZRC came), and they are consistent in their diagnostic characters (see also Paulay et al. 2003). Similarly, the second author has examined a good series of R. serenei from French Polynesia (see also Richer de Forges 1983) which shows the consistency of the characters discussed above. Considering the differences, we believe that it is better to recognize R. serenei and R. distincta as separate taxa until more data becomes available. The characters of R. serenei are consistent with Tanaoa as defined by Galil (2003) and it is here also referred to this genus, together with T. distinctus.	en	Ng, Peter K. L., Forges, Bertrand Richer De (2007): A new genus and new species of leucosiid crab from New Caledonia, with a note on the validity of Tanaoa serenei (Richer de Forges, 1983) (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura). Zootaxa 1662: 15-24, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.179982
03C387D6FA74FFA6FF37B8EBFDEFF938.taxon	materials_examined	Type species. Galilia narusei, new species, by monotypy.	en	Ng, Peter K. L., Forges, Bertrand Richer De (2007): A new genus and new species of leucosiid crab from New Caledonia, with a note on the validity of Tanaoa serenei (Richer de Forges, 1983) (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura). Zootaxa 1662: 15-24, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.179982
03C387D6FA74FFA6FF37B8EBFDEFF938.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The genus is named after Dr. Bella Galil, in gratitude for her kind help as well as her many contributions to brachyuran systematics over the years. The name is used in arbitrary combination with the ending of the genus name “ Randallia ”. Gender feminine.	en	Ng, Peter K. L., Forges, Bertrand Richer De (2007): A new genus and new species of leucosiid crab from New Caledonia, with a note on the validity of Tanaoa serenei (Richer de Forges, 1983) (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura). Zootaxa 1662: 15-24, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.179982
03C387D6FA74FFA6FF37B8EBFDEFF938.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Carapace surface covered by large, rounded pustule-like tubercles, with numerous small pearliform or fungiform granules, surfaces appear spongiform; intestinal region with 2 rounded tubercles directed posteriorly. Basal antennular article large, completely sealing fossa when retracted. Chelipeds relatively short, less than 2 times carapace length, merus and carpus relatively short, fingers long, curved, oval in cross-section, not prominently laterally flattened. Ambulatory legs relatively short. Thoracic sternites 5 – 7 prominently medially depressed, appearing sunken; sterno-abdominal cavity very deep. Male abdomen segments 3 – 6 effectively fused; telson tongue-shaped. G 1 long, distal third very slender, distal one third distinctly bent towards sternum.	en	Ng, Peter K. L., Forges, Bertrand Richer De (2007): A new genus and new species of leucosiid crab from New Caledonia, with a note on the validity of Tanaoa serenei (Richer de Forges, 1983) (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura). Zootaxa 1662: 15-24, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.179982
03C387D6FA74FFA6FF37B8EBFDEFF938.taxon	discussion	Remarks. The generic placement of the present new species is difficult. With regards to the lingulate (tongue-like) form of the male telson, the thoracic sternum being prominently depressed medially, with the sterno-abdominal cavity and adjacent surfaces appearing “ sunken ”, the cheliped fingers are not distinctly laterally flattened, and the distal part of the G 1 possessing a long and slender process, it is clearly allied to species in Toru Galil, 2003. On the other hand, the present new species differs rather markedly from the four known species now placed in Toru, viz. T. granuloides (Sakai, 1961) (type species), T. mesjatzevi (Zarenkov, 1990), T. pilus (Tan, 1996), and T. septimus Galil, 2003, in that its body is very granulose all over with numerous large pustule-like tubercles, the two large posteriorly directed tubercles on the intestinal region are evenly rounded, the chelipeds, notably the meri, are distinctly shorter, the ambulatory legs are relatively shorter and the elongated G 1 process is gently bent at the distal one-third point, with the margins gently curved. In the known species of Toru, the carapace and pereiopod surfaces are much smoother and never with the large pustule-like tubercles present on G. narusei, new species, the two large posteriorly directed tubercles on the intestinal region are lamellate to sublamellate, the ambulatory legs and cheliped meri are relatively longer, with the distal part of the elongated G 1 process sharply bent at right angles, with the outer margin forming a prominent angle (Galil, 2003: Figs. 2 A – D, 5 A – F). In addition, the areas between the pustule-like tubercles in G. narusei are covered with numerous small mushroom-shaped granules which give the surface a very “ spongiform ” look. In this respect, the carapace condition of G. n a r u s e i somewhat resembles members of the genus Urashima Galil, 2003, although even in the species of this genus, the surfaces are still not as granuliform or spongiform. Galilia narusei also resembles Urashima species in that the chelipeds and ambulatory legs are relatively shorter. However, G. narusei cannot be placed in Urashima because of its lingulate male telson, sunken thoracic sternum, normal cheliped fingers long and slender distal process of the G 1. As such, it seems best to refer G. narusei to its own genus, Galilia.	en	Ng, Peter K. L., Forges, Bertrand Richer De (2007): A new genus and new species of leucosiid crab from New Caledonia, with a note on the validity of Tanaoa serenei (Richer de Forges, 1983) (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura). Zootaxa 1662: 15-24, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.179982
03C387D6FA74FFADFF37BE6EFC66FC8E.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Holotype male (31.2 x 32.2 mm) (MNHN), station 2050, Jumeau Bank East (Twin East Seamount), Norfolk Ridge, New Caledonia, 23 ° 42.2 ’ S 168 ° 15.7 ’ E, 377 m, coll. B. Richer de Forges, 24 October 2003.	en	Ng, Peter K. L., Forges, Bertrand Richer De (2007): A new genus and new species of leucosiid crab from New Caledonia, with a note on the validity of Tanaoa serenei (Richer de Forges, 1983) (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura). Zootaxa 1662: 15-24, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.179982
03C387D6FA74FFADFF37BE6EFC66FC8E.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Carapace rounded, slightly broader than long (Fig. 2 A); regions well demarcated, grooves between regions distinct, especially branchial ones; surface covered by large, rounded pustule-like tubercles, and numerous small pearliform or fungiform granules and numerous bumps (Fig. 2 B – D, F); large tubercles on gastric region relatively low, those on branchial regions large, more numerous (ca. 20 on each side) (Fig. 2 B, D); hepatic region with 2 large rounded tubercles (Fig. 2 B, C, E); cardiac region prominently swollen, highest point with large conical tubercle (Fig. 2 B, D); intestinal region with 2 large rounded tubercles, directed posteriorly (Fig. 2 F). Front bilobed, lobes low, separated by broad V-shaped cleft, each lobe triangular, tip rounded, surface covered with numerous small granules (Fig. 2 B, C, E). Third maxilliped finely granular (Fig. 2 C, E). Chelipeds less than 2 times carapace length (Fig. 2 A), completely covered with small granules on all articles, including fingers (Figs. 2 A; 3 D – F); merus gently curved (Fig. 3 D); carpus relatively short, with 2 low ridges on external margin (Fig. 3 D); palm slightly inflated (Fig. 3 E, F); fingers long, curved, cutting edges with numerous denticles (Fig. 3 E, F). Ambulatory legs relatively short, surfaces completely granular (Fig. 2 A); length decreasing gradually from first to fourth (Fig. 2 A). Thoracic sternum with sternites 5 – 7 medially depressed, appearing sunken (Fig. 3 B, C); sternites 3 and 4 swollen, raised (Fig. 3 B); sterno-abdominal cavity narrow, very deep (Fig. 3 A, B). Male abdomen with 6 segments, 3 – 6 fused, sutures between 3, 4 and 5 shallow, just discernible but segments immovable (Fig. 3 A, C), distal border of segment 6 with distinct laterally flattened tooth (Fig. 3 A, B); telson slender, elongate, tongue-shaped (Fig. 3 A, B), strongly curved as it fits into sterno-abdominal cavity of swollen sternites 4 and 5 (Fig. 3 A, B). G 1 slender, long, distal third very slen- der, pectinated, curving sharply towards sternum at approximately 90 ° angle (Fig. 4 G, H), tip rounded (Fig. 4 I). Coloration. The carapace of the freshly collected specimen was bright orange, with orange granules on the chelipeds and orange bands on the legs (Fig. 5 B).	en	Ng, Peter K. L., Forges, Bertrand Richer De (2007): A new genus and new species of leucosiid crab from New Caledonia, with a note on the validity of Tanaoa serenei (Richer de Forges, 1983) (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura). Zootaxa 1662: 15-24, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.179982
03C387D6FA74FFADFF37BE6EFC66FC8E.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The species is named after Tohru Naruse, who has helped us with many aspects of our studies of the Philippine crab material in the ZRC.	en	Ng, Peter K. L., Forges, Bertrand Richer De (2007): A new genus and new species of leucosiid crab from New Caledonia, with a note on the validity of Tanaoa serenei (Richer de Forges, 1983) (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura). Zootaxa 1662: 15-24, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.179982
03C387D6FA74FFADFF37BE6EFC66FC8E.taxon	discussion	Remarks. See comments for genus. General Comments. Some comments on various taxa originally in Randallia and revised by Galil (2003) are necessary. There is a small nomenclatural problem in the case of R. pustulilabris Alcock, 1896, which has not been previously mentioned. In describing this as a species of Randallia, Alcock (1896: 194) commented that he “ … thought it justifiable to change the name of this species from granulosa to pustulilabris, as Miers, ‘ Challenger’ Brachyura (1886) p. 317 has already used the very similar name granulata for a species belonging to this genus as here defined ”. In the volume of “ Investigator ” plates, on the captions page facing plate 14, Alcock & Anderson (1896) wrote: “ Fig. 3. – Randallia pustulilabris, Alcock. Journal, Asiatic Society of Bengal, Vol. LXV. Pt. 2, 1896 (= Leucosilia granulosa, Alcock and Anderson. ” (see Clark & Crosnier 1992, for the dates of the various “ Investigator ” plates). However, on plate 24 itself, all the species figured are also named at the bottom of the page, and here, the name “ Leucosilia granulosa ” is used instead. It seems obvious that “ Leucosilia granulosa ” was the name originally used by Alcock but after he changed his mind, he altered the name in the description and captions page to Randallia pustulilabris but not the headings on the actual plate. Leucosilia granulosa Alcock & Anderson, 1896, is an available name under the Articles 12.2.7 and 13.1.3 of the Code (ICZN 1999). It is nevertheless, clearly an objective synonym of Randallia pustulilabris Alcock, 1896, according to Article 72.7 and therefore share the same type series. Two other Randallia species require comment. In describing R. serenei, Richer de Forges (1983) compared it with R. granulata Miers, 1886, and figured a syntype male from Fiji (Richer de Forges 1993: Fig. 5, 6). While the two species are clearly different, they are nevertheless close, and we see no reason why Miers’ species should notr type species agreeing in all diagnostic characters. Galil (2003) had already included this species when describing Toru. One of the characters cited by Galil (2003: 396) to distinguish Randallia sensu stricto was that members had “ the antennular operculum entirely sealing the antennular aperture ”. We are not sure of what Galil meant, but presumably, it is similar to the character first utilised by Tan & Ng (1995: 167, Fig. 29) in their revision of the leucosiid genus Oreophorus Rüppell, 1830. In that revision, some genera (e. g. Oreophorus and Oreotlos Ihle, 1918) had a small basal antennular article which only covers half of the fossa even when it is completely retracted (Tan & Ng 1995: Fig. 29 A). In genera like Alox Tan & Ng, 1995, and Dolos Tan & Richer de Forges, 1993, the basal antennular article is large and completely seals the fossa when it is retracted (Tan & Ng 1995: Fig. 29 B). In all the Indo-West Pacific genera allied to Randallia recognised by Galil (2003), the basal antennular article is relatively small and never occupies much of the fossa. With the rest of the antennule folding into the fossa, the space is filled up to differing degrees, from completely in Galilia narusei (Fig. 2 C, E) to leaving a small gap (e. g. in Tanaoa distinctus and Urashima pustuloides).	en	Ng, Peter K. L., Forges, Bertrand Richer De (2007): A new genus and new species of leucosiid crab from New Caledonia, with a note on the validity of Tanaoa serenei (Richer de Forges, 1983) (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura). Zootaxa 1662: 15-24, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.179982
