identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03C38793FFDAFFCEFF29F854BE08CC63.text	03C38793FFDAFFCEFF29F854BE08CC63.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Puccinia caricis-lactucae Jing X. Ji, Zhuang Li, Y. Li & Kakish. 2022	<div><p>C1: Puccinia caricis-lactucae Jing X. Ji, Zhuang Li, Y. Li &amp; Kakish. sp. nov. (Fig. 4)</p><p>MycoBank No: MB 838294.</p><p>Diagnosis:— This species is similar to P. sylvatica J. Schröt. in having spermogonia and aecia on Lactuca, but the teliospores are longer.</p><p>Typus:— CHINA, Jilin Province, Baishan City, Lushuihe, telia on Carex sp., 3 September 2018, M. Kakishima &amp; J. X. Ji, HMJAU 8902, Holotype . CHINA, Heilongjiang Province, Wuchang City, Fenix Forest Park, sermogonia and aecia on Lactuca sp., 22 June 2017, M. Kakishima &amp; J. X. Ji, HMJAU 8899, Epitype .</p><p>Etymology:— Named after host plant genera associated with different life-cycle stages.</p><p>Description:— Spermogonia amphigenous, surrounded by greenish-yellow lesions, densely grouped, yellow, subepidermal, flask-shaped, type 4 of Cummins &amp; Hiratsuka (2003). Aecia is mostly hypophyllous, sometimes in large groups, spreading along veins, yellow, cupulate with peridia, Aecidium - type. Peridial cells firmly conjunct, cubic to polygonal, hyaline. Aeciospores catenulate, globose to subglobose, angular, 13.5–17.5 × 11.0–13.5 µm (av. 15.5 × 12.0 µm); walls hyaline, 0.5–0.7 µm (av. 0.6 µm) thick, densely verrucose with big granules. Immature uredinia rarely found. Telia hypophyllous, blackish brown, rounded to broadly elliptic, erumpent. Teliospores broadly clavate, ellipsoid, mostly rounded rarely conical and truncate at apices, weakly constricted at the septa, attenuate at the bases, 32.5–44.0 × 15.0–20.5 µm (av. 36.5 × 18.0 µm); walls chestnut-brown, 0.6–1.0 µm (av. 0.8 µm) thick at sides, 9.5– 13.5 µm (av. 11.0 µm) at apices; pedicels persistent, hyaline to pale brown, thin-walled, 18.5–28.0 µm (av. 23.0 µm) long.</p><p>Additional specimens examined from northeastern CHINA: — Jilin Province, Changchun, spermogonia, and aecia on Lactuca sp., 5 July 2018, HMJAU 8905 , 9 June 2017, HMJAU 8908 . Heilongjiang Province, Wuchang, spermogonia and aecia on Lactuca sp., 15 June 2019, HMJAU 8900 . Jilin Province, Baishan, spermogonia, and aecia on Prenanthes sp., 6 July 2017, HMJAU 8943, 8918 . Jilin Province, South of Changbai Mountain, spermogonia and aecia on Prenanthes sp., 7 July 2017, HMJAU 8904, 8920 . Jilin Province, Jilin, spermogonia and aecia on Prenanthes sp., 29 June 2017, HMJAU 8909 . Heilongjiang Province, Wuchang, spermogonia and aecia on Prenanthes sp., 22 June 2017, HMJAU 8898 , 2 July 2018, HMJAU 8907 . Jilin Province, Baishan, telia on Carex sp., 2 September 2018, HMJAU 8906, 8903, 8921 , 3 September 2018, HMJAU 8901, 8915 . Heilongjiang Province, Wuchang, telia on Carex sp., 9 September 2017, HMJAU 8897 .</p><p>Hosts and distribution in northeastern CHINA (Fig. 1): —Spermogonia and aecia on Lactuca sp. (Asteraceae) (A, C); Prenanthes sp. (Asteraceae) (C, D). Telia on Carex sp. (D).</p><p>Note: —This species is morphologically similar to P. sylvatica producing spermogonial and aecial stages on several genera of Asteraceae including Lactuca, Seneccio and Taraxacum . However, the teliospore size of this species (32.5–44.0 × 15.0–20.5 µm) is shorter than that of P. sylvatica (33–60 × 16–18 µm) (Ito 1950, Gäumann 1959, Wilson &amp; Henderson 1966, Hiratsuka et al. 1992). In the phylogenetic analysis, this species is distant from P. sylvatica . Gäumann (1959) also considered that the spermogonial and aecial host of P. opizii Bubák was Lactuca, based on field observations, however teliospore size of P. opizii (38–60 × 15–23 µm) is larger than this species (Zhuang et al. 1998). Uredinial and telial stages of this species are also morphologically similar to those of P. karelica Tranzschel, but the spermogonial and aecial host plant of P. karelica is Trientalis (Primulaceae) (Ito 1950, Hiratsuka et al. 1992, Azbukina 2005, 2015). The aeciospores of this species have typical granules on their surface (Fig. 4) which are different from aeciospores of the autoecious species, P. tatarinovii Kom. &amp; Tranzschel on Prenanthes (Ji et al. 2016), a species that is phylogenetically variable. This may be caused by abundant productions of aeciospores after fertilization on Lactuca and Prenanthes .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C38793FFDAFFCEFF29F854BE08CC63	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Ji, Jingxin;Li, Zhuang;Li, Yu;Kakishima, Makoto	Ji, Jingxin, Li, Zhuang, Li, Yu, Kakishima, Makoto (2022): Phylogenetic approach for identification and life cycles of Puccinia (Pucciniaceae) species on Carex (Cyperaceae) from northeastern China. Phytotaxa 542 (3): 221-255, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.542.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.542.3.1
03C38793FFD8FFC9FF29FC7FBC51CB00.text	03C38793FFD8FFC9FF29FC7FBC51CB00.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Puccinia adenocauli (Syd. & P. Syd.) J. X. Ji & Kakish.	<div><p>C2: Puccinia adenocauli (Syd. &amp; P. Syd.) J.X. Ji &amp; Kakish., Mycotaxon 132: 144, 2017. (Fig. 5)</p><p>Description:— Spermogonia subepidermal, flask-shaped, type 4 of Cummins &amp; Hiratsuka (2003). Aecia subepidermal, erumpent, Aecidium-type with peridia and catenulate spores. Peridial cells firmly conjunct, cubic to polygonal, hyaline. Aeciospores catenulate, globose, obovoid or sometimes angular, 14–23 × 10–16 μm (av. 18 × 13 μm); walls hyaline, 0.6 μm thick, verrucose with big granules. Uredinia subepidermal, pale yellow, erumpent, without paraphyses. Urediniospores pedicellate, obovoid or ellipsoid, 17–25 × 13–18 μm (av. 21 × 15 μm); walls hyaline, echinulate, 1.6–1.2 μm (av. 0.9 μm), germ pores obscure. Telia subepidermal, erumpent, dark brown to black. Teliospores 2-celled by transverse septa, borne singly on pedicels, clavate to oblong with a round to obtuse apices and attenuate toward bases, constricted at septa, 21–45 × 7–20 μm (av. 32 × 10 μm); walls dark brown, smooth, 0.9 μm (av. 0.9 μm) thick, thickened at apices.</p><p>Specimens examined from northeastern CHINA: — Jilin Province, Changchun, spermogonia and aecia on Adenocaulon himalaicum Edgew., 24 June 2016, HMJAU 8278 , 15 June 2015, HMJAU 8205, 11 June 2016, HMJAU 8277 . Jilin Province, Jilin, spermogonia and aecia on A. himalaicum, 29 June 2017, HMJAU 8861 , 1 July 2018, HMJAU 8863 . Jilin Province, Tonghua, spermogonia, and aecia on A. himalaicum, 8 June 2016, HMJAU 8276 . Heilongjiang Province, Wuchang, spermogonia and aecia on A. himalaicum, 15 June 2019, HMJAU 8858 , 22 June 2017, HMJAU 8860 . Jilin Province, Changchun, Uredinia, and telia on Carex onoei Franch. &amp; Sav., 2 July 2016, HMJAU 8274 . Jilin Province, Jilin, uredinia and telia on C. onoei, 13 May 2016, HMJAU 8275 , 12 September 2017, HMJAU 8859, 12 May 2018, HMJAU 8862 .</p><p>Hosts and distribution in northeastern CHINA (Fig. 1): —Spermogonia and aecia on Adenocaulon himalaicum (Asteraceae) (A, B, C). Uredinia and telia on Carex onoei (A, B).</p><p>Note: —The life cycle of this species in China was confirmed by Ji et al. (2017). Morphological characteristics and host relations of this species are similar to those of P. carici-adenocauli Kakish., Yokoi &amp; Harada (Kakishima et al. 1999, Azbukina 2005, 2015). However, P. carici-adenocauli was renamed as P. adenocauli based on Aecidium adenocauli Syd. &amp; P. Syd. according to the International Code of Nomenclature (Melbourne Code 2012) (Ji et al. 2017). Spermogonial and aecial stages of this species on Adenocaulon, which are commonly found on the forest floor of hills and mountains in this area during spring to early summer.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C38793FFD8FFC9FF29FC7FBC51CB00	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Ji, Jingxin;Li, Zhuang;Li, Yu;Kakishima, Makoto	Ji, Jingxin, Li, Zhuang, Li, Yu, Kakishima, Makoto (2022): Phylogenetic approach for identification and life cycles of Puccinia (Pucciniaceae) species on Carex (Cyperaceae) from northeastern China. Phytotaxa 542 (3): 221-255, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.542.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.542.3.1
03C38793FFDFFFC8FF29FBDFBE5DC88B.text	03C38793FFDFFFC8FF29FBDFBE5DC88B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Puccinia caricis-violae Jing X. Ji, Zhuang Li, Y. Li & Kakish. 2022	<div><p>C3: Puccinia caricis-violae Jing X. Ji, Zhuang Li, Y. Li &amp; Kakish. sp. nov. (Fig. 6)</p><p>MycoBank No: MB 838295.</p><p>Diagnosis:— This species is distinguished from P. pulchella Y. Ono &amp; Kakish. having spermogonial and aecial stages on Viola due to the size of the teliospores, which are larger than those of P. pulchella .</p><p>Typus: — CHINA, Heilongjiang Province, Wuchang City, Fenix Forest Park, telia on Carex sp., 9 September 2017, M. Kakishima &amp; J. X. Ji, HMJAU 8864, Holotype . CHINA, Heilongjiang Province, Wuchang City, Fenix Forest Park, spermogonia and aecia on Viola acuminata Ledeb., 22 June 2017, M. Kakishima &amp; J. X. Ji, HMJAU 8865, Epitype .</p><p>Etymology: —Named after host plant genera with different life-cycle stages.</p><p>Description:— Spermogonia mostly epiphyllous, surrounded by greenish-yellow lesions, densely grouped, honeyyellow, subepidermal, flask-shaped, type 4 of Cummins &amp; Hiratsuka (2003). Aecia mostly hypophyllous, grouped, pale yellow, cupulate with long peridia, Aecidium - type. Peridial cells firmly conjunct, cubic to polygonal, hyaline. Aeciospores catenulate, globose to subglobose, angular, 14.5–17.5 ×12.0–15.5 µm (av. 16.0 × 14.0 µm); walls hyaline, 0.4–0.8 µm (av. 0.6 µm) thick, densely verrucose with big granules. Uredinia not found. Telia hypophyllous, black, exposed. Teliospores pedicellate, cylindrical or oblong to clavate, mostly rounded at the apices, moderately constricted at the septa, rounded and attenuate at the bases, 37.5–56.0 × 13.5–20.5 µm (av. 44.5 × 17.5 µm); walls chestnut-brown, 0.7–1.1 µm (av. 0.8 µm) thick at sides, thicker and darker at the apices, 4.7–11.5 µm (av. 8.5 µm); pedicels persistent, pale yellow or hyaline, 17.5–49.5 µm (av. 30.5 µm) long.</p><p>Additional specimens examined from northeastern CHINA: — Jilin Province, Baishan, telia on Carex sp., 3 September 2018, HMJAU 8867 . Jilin Province, West of Changbai Mountain, telia on Carex sp., 1 September 2018, HMJAU 8868 . Heilongjiang Province, Wuchang, telia on Carex sp., 9 September 2017, HMJAU 8866 .</p><p>Hosts and distribution in northeastern CHINA (Fig. 1): —Spermogonia and aecia on Viola acuminata Ledeb. (Violaceae) (C). Telia on Carex sp. (C, D).</p><p>Note: —Only one species, P. pulchella, alternating between Viola and Carex has been reported (Ono &amp; Kakishima 1981, Hiratsuka et al. 1992). However, teliospore size of this species (37.5–56.0 × 13.5–20.5 µm) is larger than that of P. pulchella (27–47 × 11–19 µm). Teliospores of P. caricis-violae are morphologically similar to those of P. caricissadoensis Homma reported in Japan (Ito 1950, Hiratsuka et al. 1992). However, because of the lack of a uredinial stage, this species is treated as a new species.</p><p>Puccinia pulchella Ono &amp; Kakish. (Ono &amp; Kakishima 1981) is an illegitimate later homonym of Puccinia pulchella Peck (1873) under ICN Shenzhen Code Art 53.1 (Turland et al. 2018), therefore, a replacement name for this species is proposed.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C38793FFDFFFC8FF29FBDFBE5DC88B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Ji, Jingxin;Li, Zhuang;Li, Yu;Kakishima, Makoto	Ji, Jingxin, Li, Zhuang, Li, Yu, Kakishima, Makoto (2022): Phylogenetic approach for identification and life cycles of Puccinia (Pucciniaceae) species on Carex (Cyperaceae) from northeastern China. Phytotaxa 542 (3): 221-255, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.542.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.542.3.1
03C38793FFDEFFC8FF29F853BB26C71A.text	03C38793FFDEFFC8FF29F853BB26C71A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Puccinia caricis-aphanolepidis Jing X. Ji, Zhuang Li, Y. Li & Kakish. 2022	<div><p>Puccinia caricis-aphanolepidis Jing X. Ji, Zhuang Li, Y. Li &amp; Kakish., nom. nov.</p><p>MycoBank No: MB 838494.</p><p>Replaced name: — Puccinia pulchella Ono &amp; Kakish., Can. J. Bot. 59:1544, 1981, nom. illegit.</p><p>Competing homonym: — Puccinia pulchella Peck, Bull. Buffalo Soc. nat. Sci. 1(2): 66, 1873.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C38793FFDEFFC8FF29F853BB26C71A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Ji, Jingxin;Li, Zhuang;Li, Yu;Kakishima, Makoto	Ji, Jingxin, Li, Zhuang, Li, Yu, Kakishima, Makoto (2022): Phylogenetic approach for identification and life cycles of Puccinia (Pucciniaceae) species on Carex (Cyperaceae) from northeastern China. Phytotaxa 542 (3): 221-255, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.542.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.542.3.1
03C38793FFDDFFCAFF29FA94BDA6CDD2.text	03C38793FFDDFFCAFF29FA94BDA6CDD2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Puccinia caricis-ribicola Jing X. Ji, Zhuang Li, Y. Li & Kakish. 2022	<div><p>C4: Puccinia caricis-ribicola Jing X. Ji, Zhuang Li, Y. Li &amp; Kakish. sp. nov. (Fig. 7) MycoBank No: MB 838296</p><p>Diagnosis: —This species is characterized by the relatively small-sized teliospores among species having spermogonia and aecia on Ribes . It is also phylogenetically close to P. caricina DC. on Ribes (sometimes reported as P. caricis Rebent.), but has a distinct lineage from P. caricina .</p><p>Typus: — CHINA, Jilin Province, Baishan City, Lushuihe, telia on Carex dispalata Boott ex A. Gray, 3 September 2018, M. Kakishima &amp; J. X. Ji, HMJAU 8871, Holotype . CHINA, Heilongjiang Province, Wuchang City, Fenix Forest Park, spermogonia and aecia on Ribes mandshuricum (Maxim.) Kom., 15 June 2019, M. Kakishima &amp; J. X. Ji, HMJAU 8873, Epitype .</p><p>Etymology: —Named after host plant genera associated with different life-cycle stages.</p><p>Description:— Spermogonia mostly epiphyllous, surrounded by greenish yellow lesions, densely grouped, honey-yellow, subepidermal, flask-shaped, type 4 of Cummins &amp; Hiratsuka (2003). Aecia mostly hypophyllous, grouped, pale yellow, cupulate with long peridia, Aecidium - type. Peridial cells firmly conjunct, cubic to polygonal, hyaline. Aeciospores catenulate, globose to subglobose, angular, 14.5–17.5 ×12.0–15.5 µm (av. 16.0 × 14.0 µm); walls hyaline, 0.4–0.8 µm (av. 0.6 µm) thick, densely verrucose with big granules. Immature uredinia rarely found. Telia hypophyllous, black, exposed. Teliospores pedicellate, cylindrical or oblong-clavate, mostly rounded at the apices, moderately constricted at the septa, rounded and attenuate at the bases, 37.5–56.0 × 13.5–20.5 µm (av. 44.5 × 17.5 µm); walls chestnut-brown, 0.7–1.1 µm (av. 0.8 µm) thick at sides, thicker and darker at the apices, 4.7–11.5 µm (av. 8.5 µm); pedicels persistent, pale yellow or hyaline, 17.5–49.5 µm (av. 30.5 µm) long.</p><p>Additional specimens examined from northeastern CHINA:— Jilin Province, West of Changbai Mountain, telia on Carex dispalata, 1 September 2018, HMJAU 8869, 8872 . Jilin Province, North of Changbai Mountain, telia on C. dispalata 3 September 2018, HMJAU 8870 . Jilin Province, North of Changbai Mountain, telia on C. latisquarnea Kom., 16 September 2013, HMJAU 8944 .</p><p>Hosts and distribution in northeastern CHINA (Fig. 1):— Spermogonia and aecia on Ribes mandshuricum (Grossulariaceae) (C). Telia on Carex dispalata (D); C. latisquarnea (D).</p><p>Note: —Species of Ribes have been reported as the spermogonial and aecial host plant of P. caricina or P. caricis, but species delimitation and host plant range of these species are different according to available references (Arthur 1934, Ito 1950, Gäumann 1959, Wilson &amp; Henderson 1966, Hiratsuka et al. 1992, Zhuang et al. 1998, Azbukina 2005, 2015, Termorshuizen &amp; Swertz 2011). Their morphology and host plants are quite variable and therefore, should be taxonomically reconsidered. Puccinia caricis-ribcola is described as an independent species to avoid taxonomic confusion from P. caricina or P. caricis . Puccinia pringhsheimiana Kleb. (= P. caricina) has been reported from northern Asia as a species having spermogonia and aecia on Ribes (Ito 1950, Gäumann 1959), but its teliospore size is longer than that of this species. Teliospores of this species are also morphologically similar to P. yokotensis Miura reported from Japan and Russian Far East (Ito 1950, Hiratsuka et al. 1992, Azbukina 2005, 2015), but its teliospore size is slightly shorter than that of this species.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C38793FFDDFFCAFF29FA94BDA6CDD2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Ji, Jingxin;Li, Zhuang;Li, Yu;Kakishima, Makoto	Ji, Jingxin, Li, Zhuang, Li, Yu, Kakishima, Makoto (2022): Phylogenetic approach for identification and life cycles of Puccinia (Pucciniaceae) species on Carex (Cyperaceae) from northeastern China. Phytotaxa 542 (3): 221-255, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.542.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.542.3.1
03C38793FFDCFFD5FF29FCEFBAB6CB1F.text	03C38793FFDCFFD5FF29FCEFBAB6CB1F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Puccinia caricis-atractylodes Jing X. Ji, Zhuang Li, Y. Li & Kakish. 2022	<div><p>C5: Puccinia caricis-atractylodes Jing X. Ji, Zhuang Li, Y. Li &amp; Kakish. sp. nov. (Fig. 8)</p><p>MycoBank No: MB 838297.</p><p>Diagnosis:— This species is characterized by the small size of teliospores with short pedicels which is distinguished from P. aomoriensis Syd. &amp; P. Syd. host-alternating between Carex and Atractylodes .</p><p>Typus: — CHINA, Jilin Province, Jilin City, Jiaohe, telia on Carex lanceolata Boott, 11 September 2017, M. Kakishima &amp; J. X. Ji, HMJAU 8888, Holotype . CHINA, Jilin Province, Jilin City, Jiaohe, spermogonia and aecia on Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz., 1 July 2018, M. Kakishima &amp; J. X. Ji, HMJAU 8890, Epitype .</p><p>Etymology: —Named after the host plant genera of the different stages.</p><p>Description: — Spermogonia amphigenous, surrounded by greenish-yellow lesions, densely grouped, honeyyellow, subepidermal, flask-shaped, type 4 of Cummins &amp; Hiratsuka (2003). Aecia is mostly hypophyllous, cupulate with peridia, Aecidium - type. Peridial cells firmly conjunct, cubic to polygonal, hyaline. Aeciospores catenulate, globose to subglobose, angular, 12.0–17.0 × 9.0–12.0 µm (av. 14.0 × 10.5 µm); walls hyaline, 0.4–0.8 µm (av. 0.6 µm) thick, densely verrucose with big granules. Immature uredinia rarely found. Telia hypophyllous, blackish brown, rounded to broadly elliptic, erumpent. Teliospores broadly clavate, ellipsoid, truncate, rounded or conical at apices, middle or weakly constricted at the septa, rounded or attenuate at the bases, 34.0–51.0 × 17.5–23.5 µm (av. 43.5 × 19.5 µm); walls pale brown, 0.5–1.9 µm (av. 0.8 µm) thick at sides, 8.7–14.5 µm (av. 12.5 µm) at apices; pedicels persistent, hyaline, 22.0–37.0 µm (av. 29.5 µm) long.</p><p>Additional specimens examined from northeastern CHINA: — Jilin Province, Jilin, spermogonia and aecia on Atractylodes macrocephala, 16 June 2019, HMJAU 8887, 8896 . Jilin Province, Tumen, spermogonia and aecia on A. macrocephala, 28 June 2016, HMJAU 8329 . Jilin Province, Jilin, telia on Carex lanceolata, 11 September 2017, HMJAU 8889 . Jilin Province, Jilin, telia on Carex sp., 3 September 2018, HMJAU 8913 .</p><p>Hosts and distribution in northeastern CHINA (Fig. 1):—Spermogonia and aecia on Atractylodes macrocephala (Asteraceae) (B, F). Telia on Carex lanceolata (B); Carex sp. (B).</p><p>Note:— Only one species, P. aomoriensis, has been reported from China, Japan, Russian Far East and Korea as a species host-alternating between Atractylodes and Carex (Ito 1950, Hiratsuka 1960, Harada 1984, Hiratsuka et al. 1992, Zhuang et al. 1998, Azbukina 2005, 2015). However, teliospore size of P. caricis -atractylodes (34.0–51.0 × 17.5–23.5 µm) are smaller (35–58 × 17–27 µm), and teliospores pedicels are shorter than those of P. aomoriensis .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C38793FFDCFFD5FF29FCEFBAB6CB1F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Ji, Jingxin;Li, Zhuang;Li, Yu;Kakishima, Makoto	Ji, Jingxin, Li, Zhuang, Li, Yu, Kakishima, Makoto (2022): Phylogenetic approach for identification and life cycles of Puccinia (Pucciniaceae) species on Carex (Cyperaceae) from northeastern China. Phytotaxa 542 (3): 221-255, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.542.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.542.3.1
03C38793FFC3FFD5FF29FBABBC6CC8E2.text	03C38793FFC3FFD5FF29FBABBC6CC8E2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Puccinia vaginatae Juel, Bot. Notis. 1892	<div><p>C6: Puccinia vaginatae Juel, Bot. Notis. 1892 –1893: 56, 1893. (Fig. 9)</p><p>Description:— Spermogonia amphigenous, surrounded by greenish-yellow lesions, densely grouped, honey-yellow, subepidermal, flask-shaped, type 4 of Cummins &amp; Hiratsuka (2003). Aecia is mostly hypophyllous, cupulate with peridia, Aecidium - type. Peridial cells firmly conjunct, cubic to polygonal, hyaline. Aeciospores catenulate, globose to subglobose, angular, 15.5–18.0 × 13.0–17.5 µm (av. 17.0 × 14.5 µm); walls hyaline, 0.4–0.8 µm (av. 0.6 µm) thick, densely verrucose with big granules.</p><p>Immature uredinia is rarely found. Telia hypophyllous, blackish brown, rounded to broadly elliptic, erumpent. Teliospores broadly clavate, ellipsoid, truncate, rounded or conical at apices, middle or weakly constricted at the septa, rounded or attenuate at the bases, 36.0–53.0 × 15.0–19.5 µm (av. 43.5 × 17.5 µm); walls pale brown, 0.6–1.2 µm (av. 0.8 µm) thick at sides, 6.6–13.5 µm (av. 10.0 µm) at apices; pedicels persistent, hyaline, 14.0–30.0 µm (av. 22.0 µm) long.</p><p>Specimens examined from northeastern CHINA: — Jilin Province, South of Changbai Mountain, spermogonia and aecia on Saussurea sp., 7 July 2017, HMJAU 8891, 8892 . Jilin Province, Yanbain City, Erdaobaihe, telia on Carex sp., 29 July 2015, HMJAU 8893 .</p><p>Hosts and distribution in northeastern CHINA (Fig. 1): —Spermogonia and aecia on Saussurea sp. (Asteraceae) (D). Telia on Carex sp. (D).</p><p>Note: —Three species, P. ohsawaensis Kakish., P. rupestris Juel and P. vaginatae Juel, have been reported as heteroecious species alternating between Sausurrea and Carex (Juel 1893, Jørstad 1954, Kakishima &amp; Sato 1980, Hiratsuka et al. 1992). Among them, specimens of this clade are morphologically identical with descriptions of P. vaginatae by Juel (1893) and Jørstad (1954). This species is morphologically similar to P. rupestris, but different in the presence of spermogonia and the number of urediniospore germ pores. Teliospore size of P. ohsawaensis is larger than that of P. vaginatae (Kakishima &amp; Sato 1980) . Puccinia vaginatae is also morphologically similar and phylogenetically close to P. caricis-atractylodis . However, this species has a distinct phylogenetic lineage (Fig. 3) and its spermogonial and aecial host is different from that of P. caricis-atractylodes . Although Zhuang et al. (1998) reported this species as a doubtful species in China, we confirm its occurrence in China.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C38793FFC3FFD5FF29FBABBC6CC8E2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Ji, Jingxin;Li, Zhuang;Li, Yu;Kakishima, Makoto	Ji, Jingxin, Li, Zhuang, Li, Yu, Kakishima, Makoto (2022): Phylogenetic approach for identification and life cycles of Puccinia (Pucciniaceae) species on Carex (Cyperaceae) from northeastern China. Phytotaxa 542 (3): 221-255, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.542.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.542.3.1
03C38793FFC2FFD6FF29F9B4BFFBCE96.text	03C38793FFC2FFD6FF29F9B4BFFBCE96.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Puccinia caricis-hebeiensis Jing X. Ji, Zhuang Li, Y. Li & Kakish. 2022	<div><p>C7: Puccinia caricis-hebeiensis Jing X. Ji, Zhuang Li, Y. Li &amp; Kakish. sp. nov. (Fig. 10)</p><p>MycoBank No: MB 838298.</p><p>Diagnosis: —This species is morphologically similar to P. caricis-atractylodis and P. vaginatae, but phylogenetically separated from these species.</p><p>Typus: — CHINA, Hebei Province, Cangzhou, Cangxian, telia on Carex sp., 17 November. 2018, J. X. Ji, HMJAU 8895, Holotype.</p><p>Etymology: —Named after host plant genus of the telial stages, and the locality of collection, Hebei Province.</p><p>Description: — Spermogonia, aecia and uredinia not found. Telia hypophyllous, compact, black, rounded to broadly elliptic, erumpent. Teliospores broadly clavate, ellipsoid, mostly conical and rounded at apices, weakly constricted at the septa, attenuate at the bases, 34.0–51.0 × 17.0–21.0 µm (av. 43.0 × 19.5 µm); walls brown, 0.6–1.4 µm (av. 0.9 µm) thick at sides, 5.4–8.6 µm (av. 6.9 µm) at apices; pedicels persistent, hyaline, 19.5–48.0 µm (av. 32.0 µm) long.</p><p>Additional specimens examined from CHINA:— Hebei Province, Cangzhou, telia on Carex sp., 12 May 2019, HMJAU 8894 .</p><p>Hosts and distribution in China: —Telia on Carex sp. (Hebei Province).</p><p>Note:— Two specimens of the telial stage are included in this clade and they are morphologically similar and phylogenetically close to P. caricis-atractylodis and P. vaginatae . However, they are clearly separated from clades of these species (Fig. 3), and are also slightly different in the shape and size of the teliospores, being slightly shorter and wider.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C38793FFC2FFD6FF29F9B4BFFBCE96	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Ji, Jingxin;Li, Zhuang;Li, Yu;Kakishima, Makoto	Ji, Jingxin, Li, Zhuang, Li, Yu, Kakishima, Makoto (2022): Phylogenetic approach for identification and life cycles of Puccinia (Pucciniaceae) species on Carex (Cyperaceae) from northeastern China. Phytotaxa 542 (3): 221-255, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.542.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.542.3.1
03C38793FFC0FFD6FF29FE53BFE6CAA2.text	03C38793FFC0FFD6FF29FE53BFE6CAA2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Puccinia circaeae-caricis Hasler, Ann. Mycol.	<div><p>C8: Puccinia circaeae-caricis Hasler, Ann. Mycol. 28: 345, 1930. (Fig. 11)</p><p>Description: — Spermogonia amphigenous, surrounded by greenish yellow lesions, densely grouped, honey-yellow, subepidermal, flask-shaped, type 4 of Cummins &amp; Hiratsuka (2003). Aecia is mostly hypophyllous, cupulate with peridia, Aecidium - type. Peridial cells firmly conjunct, cubic to polygonal, hyaline. Aeciospores catenulate, globose to subglobose, angular, 10.5–14.5 × 9.5–12.5 µm (av. 12.5 × 11.0 µm); walls hyaline, 0.3–0.6 µm (av. = 0.4 µm) thick, densely verrucose with big granules. Uredinia rarely found. Telia hypophyllous, blackish brown, rounded to broadly elliptic, erumpent. Teliospores broadly clavate, ellipsoid, rounded or conical at apices, constricted at the septa, attenuate at the bases, 29.5–41.0 × 13.0–19.0 µm (av. 35.5 × 15.5 µm); walls pale brown, 0.6–0.9 µm (av. 0.8 µm) thick at sides, darker at the apex 4.0–11.8 µm (av. 7.2 µm) at apices; pedicels persistent, hyaline, 10.5–25.0 µm (av. 17.0 µm) long.</p><p>Specimens examined from northeastern CHINA: — Heilongjiang Province, Wuchang, spermogonia and aecia on Circaea sp., 2 July 2018, HMJAU 8856 . Jilin Province, West of Changbai Mountain, uredinia and telia on Carex sp., 1 September 2018, HMJAU 8857 .</p><p>Hosts and distribution in northeastern CHINA (Fig. 1):—Spermogonia and aecia on Circaea sp. (Onagaraceae) (C). Uredinia and telia on Carex sp. (D).</p><p>Note: —Three species, P. circaeae-caricis Hasler, P. caricis-circaearum Y. Harada and P. kawakamiensis Kakish. were reported as species having heteroecious life cycle on Circaea and Carex (Gäumann 1959, Harada 1977, Kakishima &amp; Sato 1983, Hiratsuka et al. 1992, Azbukina 2005, 2015). The morphological characteristics of the above three species are similar to each other, but different in the positions of urediniospore germ pores. Uredinia are very rare in the specimen on Carex in this clade and the urediniospore germ pores are unclear. However, morphological characteristics of spermogonial, aecial, and telial stages are identical with the descriptions of P. circaeae-caricis by Hasler (1930) and Gäumann (1959), athough the shape and size of aeciospores and teliospores are slightly different among the three species (Kakishima &amp; Sato 1983) and the aeciospores and teliospores are small. This species is phylogenetically close to P. caricis-atractylodis and P. vaginatae, but distinct from them. Hylander et al. (1953) and Azbukina (2005) treated this species as a variety of P. caricina, but this species is phylogenetically far from P. caricina (= P. caricis) (Fig. 3) and, therefore, this species should be treated as an independent species. This is the first record of this species in China.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C38793FFC0FFD6FF29FE53BFE6CAA2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Ji, Jingxin;Li, Zhuang;Li, Yu;Kakishima, Makoto	Ji, Jingxin, Li, Zhuang, Li, Yu, Kakishima, Makoto (2022): Phylogenetic approach for identification and life cycles of Puccinia (Pucciniaceae) species on Carex (Cyperaceae) from northeastern China. Phytotaxa 542 (3): 221-255, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.542.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.542.3.1
03C38793FFC0FFD0FF29FA3FBA30CC46.text	03C38793FFC0FFD0FF29FA3FBA30CC46.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Puccinia caricis-artemisiae Jing X. Ji, Zhuang Li, Y. Li & Kakish. 2022	<div><p>C9: Puccinia caricis-artemisiae Jing X. Ji, Zhuang Li, Y. Li &amp; Kakish. sp. nov. (Fig. 12)</p><p>MycoBank No: MB 838299.</p><p>Diagnosis:— This species is characterized by the smallest teliospores among species having spermogonial and aecial stages on Artemisia .</p><p>Typus:— CHINA, Jilin Province, West of Changbai Mountain, telia on Carex neurocarpa Maxim., 2 September 2018, M. Kakishima &amp; J. X. Ji, HMJAU 8874, Holotype . CHINA, Jilin Province, Jilin City, Jiaohe, spermogonia and aecia on Artemisia sp., 1 July 2018, M. Kakishima &amp; J. X. Ji, HMJAU 8883, Epitype .</p><p>Etymology: —Named after host plant genera associated with different stages.</p><p>Description: — Spermogonia amphigenous, honey-yellow, subepidermal, flask-shaped, obscure, type 4 of Cummins &amp; Hiratsuka (2003). Aecia is mostly hypophyllous, cupulate with peridia, Aecidium - type. Peridial cells firmly conjunct, cubic to polygonal, hyaline. Aeciospores catenulate, globose to subglobose, angular, 15.0–18.0 × 13.5–16.5 µm (av. 16.5 × 15. 0 µm); walls hyaline, 0.5–0.9 µm (av. = 0.7 µm) thick, densely verrucose with big granules. Uredinia hypophyllous, scattered, minute, brown to dark brown, covered by epidermis but eventually erumpent. Urediniospores globose, subglobose or obovoid, 20.0–26.0 × 14.5–19.0 µm (av. 22.0 × 17.0 µm); walls brown, echinulate, 1.1–1.6 µm (av. 1.3 µm), germ pores 3, equatorial. Telia hypophyllous, blackish brown, rounded to broadly elliptic, erumpent. Teliospores broadly clavate, ellipsoid, mostly conical at apices, constricted at the septum, attenuate at the base, 40.0–51.0 × 16.0–20.0 µm (av. 47.0 × 17.5 µm); walls brown, 0.7–1.4 µm (av. 1.0 µm) thick at sides, 7.1–12.6 µm (av. 9.9 µm) at apices; pedicels persistent, hyaline, 22.5–57.0 µm (av. 37.0 µm) long.</p><p>Additional specimens examined from northeastern CHINA: — Jilin Province, West of Changbai Mountain, uredinia and telia on Carex neurocarpa, 1 September 2018, HMJAU 8878, 8886 . Jilin Province, Baishan, uredinia, and telia on C. neurocarpa, 3 September 2018, HMJAU 8875 . Jilin Province, Jilin, uredinia, and telia on C. neurocarpa, 4 September 2018, HMJAU 8876 . Jilin Province, Changchun, uredinia, and telia on C. neurocarpa, 31 August 2018, HMJAU 8880 , 1 October 2018, HMJAU 8881 . Jilin Province, Yanji, uredinia, and telia on C. neurocarpa, 23 September 2014, HMJAU 8882 . Jilin Province, South of Changbai Mountain, uredinia and telia on C. neurocarpa, 2 September 2018, HMJAU 8884 . Jilin Province, Tumen, uredinia and telia on C. neurocarpa, 28 June 2019, HMJAU 8885 . Heilongjiang Province, Wuchang, uredinia and telia on C. neurocarpa, 2 July 2018, HMJAU 8877 , 9 September 2017, HMJAU 8879 . Jilin Province, South of Changbai Mountain, uredinia and telia on Carex sp., 2 September 2018, HMJAU 8934 .</p><p>Hosts and distribution in northeastern CHINA (Fig. 1): —Spermogonia and aecia on Artemisia sp. (Asteraceae) (B). Uredinia and telia on Carex neurocarpa (A, B, C, D, F); Carex sp. (D).</p><p>Note: —Four species, P. atrofusa (Dudl. &amp;Thom.) Holw., P. caricis-macrocephalae Dietel, P. caricis-stipatae Y. Harada and P. dioicae var. micropuncta Y. Ono, have been reported as heteroecious species alternating between Artemisia and Carex (Ono 1983, Harada 1986, Hiratsuka et al. 1992, Zhuang et al. 1998, Azbukina 2005, 2015). However, morphological characteristics of the specimens in this clade are different from these species, especially in the shape and size of teliospores and the number of urediniospore germ pores. The specimens are phylogenetically close to P. caricis-stipatae and P. dioicae var. micropuncta, but have a distinct linage from these species (Fig. 3) and are, therefore, described as a new species. This species has the smallest teliospores (40.0–51.0 × 16.0–20.0 µm) compared to the other four taxa ( P. atrofusa: 38–63 × 15–23 µm, P. caricis-macrocephalae: 48–90 × 18–27 µm, P. caricisstipatae: 48–65 × 15–21 µm, P. dioicae var. micropuncta: 35–60 × 13–22 µm). This species has three urediniospore germ pores, while other species have two or four germ pores. Many species having spermogonial and aecial stages on genera of Asteraceae were treated as P. dioicae Magnus or P. extensicola Plowr. (Arthur 1934, Hylander et al. 1953, Wilson &amp; Henderson 1966), however, reconsideration of these taxonomic treatments is required. This species is widely distributed in the area studied, although spermogonial and aecial stages are only found in one location.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C38793FFC0FFD0FF29FA3FBA30CC46	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Ji, Jingxin;Li, Zhuang;Li, Yu;Kakishima, Makoto	Ji, Jingxin, Li, Zhuang, Li, Yu, Kakishima, Makoto (2022): Phylogenetic approach for identification and life cycles of Puccinia (Pucciniaceae) species on Carex (Cyperaceae) from northeastern China. Phytotaxa 542 (3): 221-255, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.542.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.542.3.1
03C38793FFC6FFD0FF29FC83BFCEC9C3.text	03C38793FFC6FFD0FF29FC83BFCEC9C3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Puccinia caricis-amblyolepis Homma, Trans. Sapporo Nat. Hist. Soc.	<div><p>C10: Puccinia caricis-amblyolepis Homma, Trans. Sapporo Nat. Hist. Soc. 15: 122, 1938. (Fig. 13)</p><p>Description: — Spermogonia and aecia not found. Uredinia hypophyllous, scattered, minute, brown to dark brown, covered by epidermis but eventually erumpent. Urediniospores globose, subglobose or obovoid, 22.0–32.0 × 19.6– 25.5 µm (av. 27.0 × 22.5 µm); walls brown, echinulate, 1.1–1.6 µm (av. 1.3 µm), germ pores 2–3. Telia hypophyllous, blackish brown, rounded to broadly elliptic, erumpent. Teliospores broadly clavate, ellipsoid, mostly truncate or rounded at apices, constricted at the septa, attenuate at the bases, 42.0–56.5 × 15.5–21.0 µm (av. 8.5 × 19.0 µm); walls brown, 0.8–1.0 µm (av. = 0.9 µm) thick at sides, 7.5–13.0 µm (av. 9.5 µm) at apices; pedicels persistent, hyaline, 12.5–29.5 µm (av. 19.0 µm) long.</p><p>Specimens examined from northeastern CHINA: — Heilongjiang Province, Wuchang, uredinia and telia on Carex planiculmis Kom., 16 July 2016, HMJAU 8825 , 2 July 2018, HMJAU 8831 . Jilin Province, Changchun, uredinia, and telia on C. planiculmis, 11 September 2014, HMJAU 8827 . Jilin Province, Changbai Mountain, uredinia and telia on C. planiculmis, 29 July 2015, HMJAU 8834, 8830 . Jilin Province, West of Changbai Mountain, uredinia and telia on C. planiculmis, 1 September 2018, HMJAU 8828, 8945 . Jilin Province, South of Changbai Mountain, uredinia and telia on C. planiculmis, 2 Septmber 2018, HMJAU 8829 . Jilin Province, South of Changbai Mountain, uredinia and telia on Carex sp., 23 September 2015, HMJAU 8826 , 2 September 2018, HMJAU 8832 . Jilin Province, Baishan, uredinia, and telia on Carex sp., 3 September 2018, HMJAU 8936 .</p><p>Hosts and distribution in northeastern CHINA (Fig. 1): —Uredinia and telia on Carex planiculmis (A, C, D); Carex sp. (D).</p><p>Note: —This clade is considered as a single independent species because specimens are clustered together in the phylogenetic analysis. The morphological characteristics of the uredinial and telial stages are in agreement with descriptions of P. caricis-amblyolepis by Ito (1950) and Zhuang et al. (1998). Although spermogonial and aecial stages were not found they are suspected to be produced on Urtica because phylogenetically close species have these stages on Urtica .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C38793FFC6FFD0FF29FC83BFCEC9C3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Ji, Jingxin;Li, Zhuang;Li, Yu;Kakishima, Makoto	Ji, Jingxin, Li, Zhuang, Li, Yu, Kakishima, Makoto (2022): Phylogenetic approach for identification and life cycles of Puccinia (Pucciniaceae) species on Carex (Cyperaceae) from northeastern China. Phytotaxa 542 (3): 221-255, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.542.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.542.3.1
03C38793FFC6FFD2FF29F91FBB94CE23.text	03C38793FFC6FFD2FF29F91FBB94CE23.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Puccinia caricis-pediformis Jing X. Ji, Zhuang Li, Y. Li & Kakish. 2022	<div><p>C11: Puccinia caricis-pediformis Jing X. Ji, Zhuang Li, Y. Li &amp; Kakish. sp. nov. (Fig. 14)</p><p>MycoBank No: MB 838300.</p><p>Diagnosis: —This species is characterized by having only telial stage morphologically similar to P. caricis-amblyolepis, but phylogenetically separated.</p><p>Typus: — CHINA, Jilin Province, Changchun, Jingyue Forest Park, telia on Carex pediformis C.A. Mey., 20 May 2016, M. Kakishima &amp; J. X. Ji, HMJAU 8836, Holotype.</p><p>Etymology: —Named after host plant on which telia are formed.</p><p>Description: — Spermogonia, aecia and uredinia not found. Telia hypophyllous, compact, blackish brown, rounded to broadly elliptic, erumpent. Teliospores broadly clavate, ellipsoid, truncate and rounded at apices, constricted at the septa, attenuate at the bases, 38.0–53.5 × 17.5–22.5 µm (av. 40.5 × 17.5 µm); walls brown, 0.8–1.0 µm (av. 0.9 µm) thick at sides, 7.5–12.0 µm (av. 9.5 µm) at apices; pedicels persistent, hyaline, 9.0–16.0 µm (av. 12.5 µm) long.</p><p>Additional specimens examined from northeastern CHINA: — Heilongjiang Province, Wuchang, telia on Carex pediformis, 6 June 2016, HMJAU 8835 .</p><p>Hosts and distribution in northeastern CHINA (Fig. 1): —Telia on Carex pediformis (A, D).</p><p>Note: —Two specimens on C. pediformis are phylogenetically close to P. caricis-amblyolepis and P. caricistenuiformis, but are clearly separated from these species because they have a distinct linage (Fig. 3) and are, therefore, treated as an independent species. Teliospores are morphologically similar to P. caricis-amblyolepis, but no uredinial stage has been found; spermogonial and aecial stages are suspected to be produced on Urtica .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C38793FFC6FFD2FF29F91FBB94CE23	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Ji, Jingxin;Li, Zhuang;Li, Yu;Kakishima, Makoto	Ji, Jingxin, Li, Zhuang, Li, Yu, Kakishima, Makoto (2022): Phylogenetic approach for identification and life cycles of Puccinia (Pucciniaceae) species on Carex (Cyperaceae) from northeastern China. Phytotaxa 542 (3): 221-255, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.542.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.542.3.1
03C38793FFC4FFD2FF29FEBFBA11CB83.text	03C38793FFC4FFD2FF29FEBFBA11CB83.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Puccinia caricis-tenuiformis Jing X. Ji, Zhuang Li, Y. Li & Kakish. 2022	<div><p>C12: Puccinia caricis-tenuiformis Jing X. Ji, Zhuang Li, Y. Li &amp; Kakish. sp. nov. (Fig. 15)</p><p>MycoBank No: MB 838301.</p><p>Diagnosis: —This species is characterized by having morphologically similar telial stage to P. caricis-pediformis, but shape and size of teliospores are different and the species are also phylogenetically separated.</p><p>Typus: — CHINA, Jilin Province, Jilin, Jiaohe, Telia on Carex sp., 12 September 2017, M. Kakishima &amp; J. X. Ji, HMJAU 8851, Holotype.</p><p>Etymology:— Named after host plant genus and slender-shaped teliospores.</p><p>Description: — Spermogonia, aecia and uredinia not found. Telia hypophyllous, compact, black, rounded to broadly elliptic, erumpent. Teliospores broadly clavate, ellipsoid, mostly truncate at apices, constricted at the septa, attenuate at the bases, 44.5–62.0 × 12.0–16.0 µm (av. 50.5 × 14.5 µm); walls brown, 0.5–1.1 µm (av. 0.8 µm) thick at sides, 9.8–13.7 µm (av. 11.4 µm) at apices; pedicels persistent, hyaline, 8.0–18.5 µm (av. 13.0 µm) long.</p><p>Additional specimens examined from northeastern CHINA: — Jilin Province, Jiaohe, telia on Carex sp., 29 September 2016, HMJAU 8850 , 21 September 2015, HMJAU 8853, 2 May 2018, HMJAU 8852 . Jilin Province, Tonghua, telia on Carex sp., 2 October 2015, HMJAU 8248 . Jilin Province, North of Changbai Mountain, telia on Carex sp., 21 September 2015, HMJAU 8854 .</p><p>Hosts and distribution in northeastern CHINA (Fig. 1): —Telia on Carex sp. (B, D, G).</p><p>Note: —This clade is phylogenetically close to P. caricis-amblyolepis and P. caricis-pediformis, but clearly separated from these species, forming a distinct linage (Fig. 3) and, therefore, treated as an independent species. This species produces only telial stages morphologically similar to P. caricis-pediformis, but its teliospores are slightly longer and narrower. Teliospores of this species are also morphologically similar to those of P. caricis-maximowiczii Homma reported from Japan, but P. caricis-maximowiczii has two types of teliospores and also has a uredinial stage (Ito 1950, Hiratsuka et al. 1992). Spermogonial and aecial stages are suspected to be produced on Urtica .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C38793FFC4FFD2FF29FEBFBA11CB83	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Ji, Jingxin;Li, Zhuang;Li, Yu;Kakishima, Makoto	Ji, Jingxin, Li, Zhuang, Li, Yu, Kakishima, Makoto (2022): Phylogenetic approach for identification and life cycles of Puccinia (Pucciniaceae) species on Carex (Cyperaceae) from northeastern China. Phytotaxa 542 (3): 221-255, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.542.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.542.3.1
03C38793FFC4FFDDFF29F902BBF1CB41.text	03C38793FFC4FFDDFF29F902BBF1CB41.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Puccinia urticata F. Kern, Mycologia	<div><p>C13: Puccinia urticata F. Kern, Mycologia 9: 214, 1917. (Fig. 16)</p><p>Description: — Spermogonia and aecia not found. Uredinia rarely found. Urediniospores 20.5–25.0 × 17.5–21.5 µm (av. 23.0 × 19.5 µm); walls, 1.4–2.2 µm (av. 1.7 µm). Telia amphigenous, compact, black, erumpent. Teliospores broadly clavate, ellipsoid, mostly conical or rounded at apices, constricted at the septa, attenuate at the bases, 41.0– 55.5 × 15.0–20.0 µm (49.5 × 17.5 µm); walls brown, 0.6–1.3 µm (av. 0.9 µm) thick at sides, 6.0–10.7 µm (av. 8.3 µm) at apices; pedicels persistent, hyaline, 20.5–49.5 µm (av. 30.5 µm) long.</p><p>Specimens examined from northeastern CHINA: — Jilin Province, South of Changbai Mountain, uredinia and telia on Carex sp., 2 September 2018, HMJAU 8808, 8809 .</p><p>Hosts and distribution in northeastern CHINA (Fig. 1): —Uredinia and telia on Carex sp. (D).</p><p>Note: —The two cited specimens on Carex are phylogenetically clustered together with P. urticata, although no spermogonial and aecial specimen on Urtica has been collected. The telial stage is morphologically similar to the descriptions of this species by Kern (1917) and Termorshuizen &amp; Swertz (2011), although the teliospores are slightly smaller. Because only a few specimens have been collected the distribution of this species is suspected to be limited to the study area. Puccinia urticata has been treated as P. caricis or P. caricina (Arthur 1934, Hylander et al. 1953, Wilson &amp; Henderson 1966, Hiratsuka et al. 1992, Zhuang et al. 1998, Azbukina 2005, 2015). However, species delimitation of these species, including morphology and host range, are variable among taxonomists. These species are suspected to be a species complex, requiring further study, but here treated as a distinct species, P. urticata .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C38793FFC4FFDDFF29F902BBF1CB41	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Ji, Jingxin;Li, Zhuang;Li, Yu;Kakishima, Makoto	Ji, Jingxin, Li, Zhuang, Li, Yu, Kakishima, Makoto (2022): Phylogenetic approach for identification and life cycles of Puccinia (Pucciniaceae) species on Carex (Cyperaceae) from northeastern China. Phytotaxa 542 (3): 221-255, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.542.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.542.3.1
03C38793FFCBFFDEFF29FB98BCFDCEFA.text	03C38793FFCBFFDEFF29FB98BCFDCEFA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Puccinia urticae-inflatae Hasler, Mitteil. Aargauischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft	<div><p>C14: Puccinia urticae-inflatae Hasler, Mitteil. Aargauischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 17: 64, 1925. (Fig. 17)</p><p>Description: — Spermogonia amphigenous, honey-yellow, grouped, subepidermal, flask-shaped, type 4 of Cummins &amp; Hiratsuka (2003). Aecia mostly hypophyllous, sometimes in large groups, spreading along veins, yellow, cupulate with peridia, Aecidium - type. Peridial cells firmly conjunct, cubic to polygonal, hyaline. Aeciospores catenulate, globose to subglobose, angular, 14.5–19.0 × 11.5–14.0 µm (av. 16.5 × 12.5 µm); walls hyaline, 0.8–1.0 µm (av. 0.9 µm) thick, densely verrucose with big granules. Uredinia hypophyllous, scattered, minute, brown, covered by epidermis but eventually erumpent. Urediniospores globose or subglobose, 21.0–23.5 × 18.0–21.5 µm (av. 22.5 × 20.0 µm); walls brown, echinulate, 1.4–2.2 µm (av. 1.7 µm), germ pores 2, equatorial. Telia hypophyllous, blackish brown, compact, rounded to broadly elliptic, erumpent. Teliospores broadly clavate, ellipsoid, rounded, conical or truncate at apices, constricted at the septa, attenuate at the bases, 44.0–59.5 × 15.0–19.0 µm (av. 52.5 × 17.0 µm); walls chestnut-brown, 0.6–1.1 µm (av. 0.9 µm) thick at sides, 7.0–11.5 µm (av. 10.0 µm) at apices; pedicels persistent, hyaline to pale brown, thin-walled, 10.0–17.0 µm (av. 13.0 µm) long.</p><p>Specimens examined from northeastern CHINA: — Jilin Province, Changchun, spermogonia and aecia on Urtica angustifolia Fisch. ex Hornem., 9 June 2017, HMJAU 8818 , 17 June 2019, HMJAU 8817 . Jilin Province, South of Changbai Mountain, spermogonia and aecia on U. angustifolia, 9 September 2017, HMJAU 8819 . Jilin Province, Changchun, uredinia and telia on Carex kirganica Kom., 10 July 2015, HMJAU 8946 , 16 September 2017, HMJAU 8816, 4 September 2016, HMJAU 8810, 16 September 2017, HMJAU 8811, 10 August 2017, HMJAU 8813, 10 July 2015, HMJAU 8814 . Jilin Province, North of Changbai Mountain, uredinia and telia on C. kirganica, 27 August 2016, HMJAU 8822 . Heilongjiang Province, Wuchang, uredinia and telia on C. rhynchophysa C.A. Mey., 7 July 2016, HMJAU 8821 . Jilin Province, Changchun, uredinia and telia on Carex sp., 12 August 2009, HMJAU 8947 , 5 July 2018, HMJAU 8812, 1 October 2018, HMJAU 8815 . Jilin Province, North of Changbai Mountain, uredinia and telia on Carex sp., 22 September 2015, HMJAU 8820 . Jilin Province, South of Changbai Mountain, uredinia and telia on Carex sp., 2 September 2018, HMJAU 8824 . Heilongjiang Province, Wuchang, uredinia, and telia on Carex sp., 10 September 2017, HMJAU 8823 .</p><p>Hosts and distribution in northeastern CHINA (Fig. 1): —Spermogonia and aecia on Urtica angustifoli a ( Urticaceae) (A, D). Uredinia and telia on Carex kirganica (A, D); Carex rhynchophysa (C).</p><p>Note: —Many specimens collected in the study area are included in this distinct clade, phylogenetically separated from the clade of P. urticata and included in P. urticae-inflatae . Specimens in this clade, including different stages, are also morphologically in agreement with the description of P. urticae-inflatae by Gäumann (1959) and, therefore, this clade is identified as this species. It is morphologically similar to P. urticata and has been treated as its synonym (Termorshuizen &amp; Swertz 2011) or as a synonym of P. caricina (Wilson &amp; Henderson 1966) . However, this species should be treated as independent, because of the phylogenetic difference from these species. It is suspected to be adapted to the natural environmental conditions of the study area and has a heteroecious life cycle host-alternating between Urtica and Carex . This is the first record of this species in China.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C38793FFCBFFDEFF29FB98BCFDCEFA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Ji, Jingxin;Li, Zhuang;Li, Yu;Kakishima, Makoto	Ji, Jingxin, Li, Zhuang, Li, Yu, Kakishima, Makoto (2022): Phylogenetic approach for identification and life cycles of Puccinia (Pucciniaceae) species on Carex (Cyperaceae) from northeastern China. Phytotaxa 542 (3): 221-255, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.542.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.542.3.1
03C38793FFC8FFDEFF29FDC7BD9CC932.text	03C38793FFC8FFDEFF29FDC7BD9CC932.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Puccinia moiwensis Miura, Ann. Mycol.	<div><p>C15: Puccinia moiwensis Miura, Ann. Mycol. 11: 105, 1913. (Fig. 18)</p><p>Description: — Spermogonia amphigenous, honey-yellow, grouped, subepidermal, flask-shaped, type 4 of Cummins &amp; Hiratsuka (2003). Aecia mostly hypophyllous, sometimes in large groups, spreading along veins, yellow, cupulate with peridia, Aecidium - type. Peridial cells firmly conjunct, cubic to polygonal, hyaline. Aeciospores catenulate, globose to subglobose, angular, 15.0–18.0 × 13.0–16.5 µm (av. 16.0 × 14.5 µm); walls hyaline, 0.4–1.0 µm (av. 0.7 µm) thick, densely verrucose with big glanules. Uredinia hypophyllous, scattered, minute, brown, covered by epidermis but erumpent after maturation. Urediniospores globose or subglobose, 19.5–26.5 × 16.5–20.5 µm (av. 23.5 × 18.5 µm); walls brown, echinulate, 1.0–1.9 µm (av. 1.3 µm), germ pores 2, equatorial, obscure. Telia hypophyllous, blackish brown, compact, rounded to broadly elliptic, erumpent. Teliospores clavate, ellipsoid, mostly truncate at apices, constricted at the septa, attenuate at the bases, 36.5–48.0 × 13.5–18.5 µm (av. 42.5 × 16.0 µm); walls chestnutbrown, 0.5–0.9 µm (av. 0.7 µm) thick at sides, 7.6–11.2 µm (av. 9.3 µm) at apices; pedicels persistent, hyaline to pale brown, thin-walled, 26.5–41.0 µm (av. 34.5 µm) long.</p><p>Specimens examined from northeastern CHINA: — Heilongjiang Province, Wuchang, spermogonia and aecia on Urtica angustifolia Fisch. ex Hornem., 22 June 2017, HMJAU 8800 . Heilongjiang Province, Wuchang, spermogonia, and aecia on Urtica sp., 15 June 2019, HMJAU 8801 . Jilin Province, Jilin, uredinia and telia on Carex sp., 12 September 2017, HMJAU 8799, 8803 , 29 June 2017, HMJAU 8807, 4 September 2018, HMJAU 8805 . Jilin Province, Changbai Mountain, uredinia and telia on Carex sp., 2 September 2018, HMJAU 8804 . Heilongjiang Province, Wuchang, uredinia and telia on Carex sp., 30 September 2016, HMJAU 8802 , 9 September 2017, HMJAU 8806 .</p><p>Hosts and distribution in northeastern CHINA (Fig. 1): —Spermogonia and aecia on Urtica angustifoli a ( Urticaceae) (C); Urtica sp. (Urticaceae) (C). Uredinia and telia on Carex sp. (B, C, D).</p><p>Note: —This clade is phylogenetically separated from species having spermogonial and aecial stages on Urtica ( P. urticata, P. urticae-inflatae, P. caricis-rafaensis, and P. caricis-jilinensis) and forms a distinct lineage from them, although close to the clade containing P. caricis-rafaensis . Uredinial and telial specimens of this clade are morphologically closely in agreement with the descriptions of P. moiwensis by Ito (1950), Hiratsuka et al. (1992), Zhuang et al. (1998) and Azbukina (2005, 2015). Although this species has been reported widely from northeastern Asia its spermogonial and aecial stages were previously unknown. Therefore, this report constitutes the first record of these stages producing on Urtica for the species.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C38793FFC8FFDEFF29FDC7BD9CC932	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Ji, Jingxin;Li, Zhuang;Li, Yu;Kakishima, Makoto	Ji, Jingxin, Li, Zhuang, Li, Yu, Kakishima, Makoto (2022): Phylogenetic approach for identification and life cycles of Puccinia (Pucciniaceae) species on Carex (Cyperaceae) from northeastern China. Phytotaxa 542 (3): 221-255, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.542.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.542.3.1
03C38793FFC8FFD8FF29F98FBA7FCEDF.text	03C38793FFC8FFD8FF29F98FBA7FCEDF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Puccinia caricis-rafaensis Jing X. Ji, Zhuang Li, Y. Li & Kakish. 2022	<div><p>C16: Puccinia caricis-rafaensis Jing X. Ji, Zhuang Li, Y. Li &amp; Kakish. sp. nov. (Fig. 19)</p><p>MycoBank No: MB 838302.</p><p>Diagnosis: —This species is morphologically similar and phylogenetically close to P. moiwensis, but has distinct lineage, and also has a more round-shape of urediniospores and smaller teliospores.</p><p>Typus: — CHINA, Jilin Province, Changchun, Jingyue Forest Park, uredinia and telia on Carex sp., 1 October 2018, M. Kakishima &amp; J. X. Ji, HMJAU 8798, Holotype . CHINA, Jilin Province, Jilin, Lafa Mountain, Spermogonia and aecia on Urtica laetevirens Maxim., 30 July 2015, M. Kakishima &amp; J. X. Ji, HMJAU 8530, Epitype .</p><p>Etymology: —Named after uredinial and telial host genera and locality name, Lafa, where the spermogonial and aecial stages were collected.</p><p>Description: — Spermogonia amphigenous, honey-yellow, grouped, subepidermal, flask-shaped, type 4 of Cummins &amp; Hiratsuka (2003). Aecia is mostly hypophyllous, sometimes in large groups, spreading along veins, yellow, cupulate with peridia, Aecidium - type. Peridial cells firmly conjunct, cubic to polygonal, hyaline. Aeciospores catenulate, globose to subglobose, angular, 12.5–17.0 × 12.5–15.5 µm (av. 15.0 × 14.0 µm); walls hyaline, 0.7–1.1 µm (av. 0.8 µm) thick, densely verrucose with big glanules. Uredinia hypophyllous, scattered, minute, deep reddish-brown to blackish brown, covered by epidermis but eventually erumpent. Urediniospores globose or subglobose, 21.5–24.5 × 19.0–24.0 µm (av. 23.0 × 21.5 µm); walls brown, echinulate, 1.2–1.9 µm (av. 1.5 µm), germ pores 2, equatorial; pedicels sometimes persistent. Telia hypophyllous, blackish brown, compact, rounded to broadly elliptic, erumpent. Teliospores broadly clavate, ellipsoid, mostly rounded at apices, constricted at the septa, attenuate at the bases, 33.5– 43.0 × 13.5–17.5 µm (av. 39.0 × 16.0 µm); walls chestnut-brown, 0.6–1.0 µm (av. 0.8 µm) thick at sides, 7.0–12.0 µm (av. 10.0 µm) at apices; pedicels persistent, hyaline to pale brown, thin-walled, 10.0–24.0 µm (av. 17.0 µm) long.</p><p>Additional specimens examined from northeastern CHINA: — Jilin Province, Changchun, uredinia and telia on Carex sp., 16 September 2017, HMJAU 8796, 8914 , 1 October 2018, HMJAU 8797 .</p><p>Hosts and distribution in northeastern CHINA (Fig. 1):—Spermogonia and aecia on Urtica laetevirens (Urticaceae) (B). Uredinia and telia on Carex sp. (A).</p><p>Note: —This species is phylogenetically close to P. moiwensis, but morphologically different in the shape of the urediniospores, the size of the teliospores, and the structure of the uredinia. Uredinial sori of this species are opened soon after maturation, but those of P. moiwensis are covered by the host epidermis. Pedicels attached to the urediniospores are long and persistent in this species, but those of P. moiwensis are deciduous. This species is suspected to have a heteroecious life cycle, alternating between Urtica and Carex in limited localities in the study area.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C38793FFC8FFD8FF29F98FBA7FCEDF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Ji, Jingxin;Li, Zhuang;Li, Yu;Kakishima, Makoto	Ji, Jingxin, Li, Zhuang, Li, Yu, Kakishima, Makoto (2022): Phylogenetic approach for identification and life cycles of Puccinia (Pucciniaceae) species on Carex (Cyperaceae) from northeastern China. Phytotaxa 542 (3): 221-255, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.542.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.542.3.1
03C38793FFCEFFD8FF29FDEBBBA8C8E2.text	03C38793FFCEFFD8FF29FDEBBBA8C8E2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Puccinia caricis-jilinensis Jing X. Ji, Zhuang Li, Y. Li & Kakish. 2022	<div><p>C17: Puccinia caricis-jilinensis Jing X. Ji, Zhuang Li, Y. Li &amp; Kakish. sp. nov. (Fig. 20)</p><p>MycoBank No: MB 838303.</p><p>Diagnosis: —This species is phylogenetically close to P. moiwensis and P. caricis-rafaensis having spermogonial and aecial stages on Urtica, but has a distinct lineage from them. Teliospores are also smaller, especially in width.</p><p>Typus: — CHINA, Jilin Province, West of Changbai Mountain, uredinia and telia on Carex siderosticta Hance, 1 September 2018, M. Kakishima &amp; J. X. Ji, HMJAU 8842, Holotype . CHINA, Jilin Province, Jilin, Jiaohe, spermogonia and aecia on Urtica laetevirens Maxim., 1 July 2018, M. Kakishima &amp; J. X. Ji, HMJAU 8846, Epitype .</p><p>Etymology: —Named after host plant genus of uredinial and telial stages, and locality of collection, Jilin Province.</p><p>Description: — Spermogonia amphigenous, honey-yellow, grouped, subepidermal, flask-shaped, type 4 of Cummins &amp; Hiratsuka (2003). Aecia is mostly hypophyllous, sometimes in large groups, spreading along veins, pale yellow, cupulate with peridia, Aecidium - type. Peridial cells firmly conjunct, cubic to polygonal, hyaline. Aeciospores catenulate, globose to subglobose, angular, 14.5–16.5 × 12.5–14.0 µm (av. 15.5 × 13.0 µm); walls hyaline, 0.5–0.8 µm (av. 0.7 µm) thick, densely verrucose with big granules. Uredinia hypophyllous, scattered, minute, brown, covered by epidermis but eventually erumpent. Urediniospores globose or subglobose, 21.5–24.5 × 19.0–24.0 µm (av. 23.0 × 21.5 µm); walls brown, echinulate, 0.5–0.8 µm (av. 0.7 µm), germ pores 2–3. Telia hypophyllous, blackish brown, compact, rounded to broadly elliptic, erumpent. Teliospores broadly clavate, ellipsoid, rounded, mostly conical at apices, moderately constricted at the septa, attenuate at the bases, 33.5–42.0 × 10.0–13.0 µm (av. 37.5 × 11.5 µm); walls chestnut-brown, 0.5–0.9 µm (av. 0.6 µm) thick at sides, 6.6–9.9 µm (av. 7.8 µm) at apices; pedicels persistent, hyaline to pale brown, thin-walled, 13.0–29.0 µm (av. 18.5 µm) long.</p><p>Additional specimens examined from northeastern CHINA: — Jilin Province, Jilin, spermogonia, and aecia on Urtica laetevirens, 29 June 2017, HMJAU 8845 . Heilongjiang Province, Wuchang, spermogonia and aecia on U. laetevirens, 2 June 2018, HMJAU 8847 . Jilin Province, Tonghua, uredinia, and telia on Carex siderosticta, 2 October 2015, HMJAU 8837 , 3 October 2015, HMJAU 8840 . Jilin Province, Jilin, uredinia, and telia on C. siderosticta, 12 September 2017, HMJAU 8838, 8848 . Jilin Province, Changchun, uredinia, and telia on C. siderosticta, 5 July 2018, HMJAU 8839 . Jilin Province, West of Changbai Mountain, uredinia and telia on C. siderosticta, 1 September 2018, HMJAU 8844 . Jilin Province, Baishan, uredinia, and telia on C. siderosticta, 3 September 2018, HMJAU 8843 . Heilongjiang, Wuchang, uredinia and telia on C. siderosticta, 9 September 2017, HMJAU 8841 , 6 June 2016, HMJAU 8849 .</p><p>Hosts and distribution in northeastern CHINA (Fig. 1): —Spermogonia and aecia on Urtica laetevirens (Urticaceae) (B, C). Uredinia and telia on Carex siderosticta (A, B, C, D, G).</p><p>Note: — Carex siderosticta is a common species in the study area. Five species, P. caricis-siderostictae Dietel, P. hyalina Dietel, P. mandshurica Miura, P. miyakei Syd. &amp; P. Syd. and P. taganesuge Miura, have been reported to produce uredinia and telia on C. siderosticta (Ito 1950, Hiratsuka et al. 1992, Ono 1995, Zhuang et al. 1998, Azbukina 2005, 2015). Among them, specimens of this clade are morphologically similar to those of P. miyakei and P. mandshurica reported from northern Asia in the shape and size of the urediniospores and teliospores. However, spermogonial and aecial stages of P. miyakei have been reported as being produced on Alangium (Ono 1995), and the urediniospores of P. mandshurica have a verrucose surface (Ito 1950, Hiratsuka et al. 1992). This clade is also phylogenetically separated from that of other species having spermogonial and aecial stages on Urtica ( P. urticata, P. urticae-inflatae, P. moiwensis, and P. caricis-rafaensis) and is, therefore, treated as a distinct species. The wide distribution of this species in the study area is suspected because many specimens have been collected in various places.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C38793FFCEFFD8FF29FDEBBBA8C8E2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Ji, Jingxin;Li, Zhuang;Li, Yu;Kakishima, Makoto	Ji, Jingxin, Li, Zhuang, Li, Yu, Kakishima, Makoto (2022): Phylogenetic approach for identification and life cycles of Puccinia (Pucciniaceae) species on Carex (Cyperaceae) from northeastern China. Phytotaxa 542 (3): 221-255, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.542.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.542.3.1
