identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03C38781FFEE2705FCF5E7F36ECA03E6.text	03C38781FFEE2705FCF5E7F36ECA03E6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Gadus morhua Linnaeus 1758	<div><p>These 49 fish</p><p>had a mean total length of 54.5 cm (range 43– 75 cm), and were likely mature and of migratory size (Morris and Green 2002; Morris et al. 2014). Three fish with less than 50 positions were excluded from analysis. Some tagged fish were detected outside The Shinneys typically from June until September resulting in fewer VPS positional data during this time (Fig. 3). Of fifteen fish that moved out of The Shinneys in May and June as water temperatures increased above 0 ◦ C, nine returned before the water temperature became sub-zero (Fig. 3). Commercial and/or recreational fishers likely caught some or all of those that did not return. There was no evidence of mortality among tagged fish at the overwintering site during summer or winter based on continued detection and changes in positions of tags.</p><p>Fish tracked in this study inhabited sub-zero temperatures continuously from December to June each year (Fig. 4A). Comparison between warm and cold (sub-zero) periods showed that the cumulative movement of tagged fish in The Shinneys was greater during the cold periods than the warm periods (ANOVA, F = 1421, DF = 4, p &lt;0.001) (Fig. 4B). When the water temperature at 10 m depth was greater than 0 ◦ C (June–November), the cumulative distances that tagged fish moved within the tracking array were less than those during the cold period (December–May). Monthly comparison, taking into consideration lower numbers of fish providing positional data in June and July also measured lower cumulative distances during the September to November period (&gt;0 ◦ C) than during the colder months (December–May) (ANOVA, F = 2.92, DF = 24, p = 0.001) (Fig. 4B). Pairwise comparison of cumulative distances moved between seasons is shown in Fig. 5A for fish in the tracking array.</p><p>Rate of movement</p><p>The proportion of time Gilbert Bay cod spent in each rate of movement category was similar during both the warm and cold periods (p&gt; 0.05 for all comparisons; Fig. 6). For both cold and warm conditions, fish spent most time in the stopped category (62.8%) or moving slowly (26.2%), and far less time moving at a medium (7.6%) or fast (3.4%) rate (ANOVA, F = 254.8, DF = 3, p &lt;0.001) (Fig. 6). Pairwise post hoc comparisons for the four rate of movement categories are shown in Fig. 5B. During monthly periods from September until November (&gt;0 ◦ C) and from December until May (&lt;0 ◦ C), fish were mostly inactive, moving on average 0.1 m /s (±0.06SD) (Fig. 6). However, there was considerable individual variability in movement rates, punctuated by short periods of relatively rapid movement by some fish throughout the cold period (Fig. 7). The average rate of movement increased from March to May while water temperature was still sub-zero (Fig. 4C), and was significantly more variable when water temperature was greater than 0 ◦ C (ANOVA, F = 187.4, DF = 3, p &lt;0.001) (Fig. 5).</p><p>Depth usage inside the array</p><p>Gilbert Bay cod selected shallower depths during cold periods (mean of 8.3 m ± 6.2 SD) compared to warm periods (mean of 10.2 m ± 6.4 SD) (ANOVA, F = 9719, DF = 24, p &lt;0.001) (Fig. 4D). The range in depths used during the coldest months (January–March) was also smaller than that in June and July although the mean depth of 10 m was similar. Tracked fish within the VPS area used comparatively deeper and more variable depths during July to September (mean of 11.4 m ± 5.7 SD), followed by slightly shallower depths from October to December (mean of 9.2 m ± 7 SD) and April to June (mean of 8.5 m ± 5.7 SD) (ANOVA, F = 3956, DF = 24, p &lt;0.001) (Fig. 4D). The greater variability in depth use, including some of the deepest sites available within the VPS area, prior to the onset of sub-zero temperatures in November and December 2013, contrasts with use of shallower depths, with relatively little variability, during the coldest months from January to March. No tagged fish overwintered in the deepest parts (i.e.,&gt; 25 to 80 m) of The Shinneys located within 1–3 km of the VPS array. While these sites were outside the VPS array, other receivers monitored them.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C38781FFEE2705FCF5E7F36ECA03E6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Green, John M.;Schornagel, Dustin;Nguyen, Khanh Q.;Pennell, Curtis;Morris, Corey J.	Green, John M., Schornagel, Dustin, Nguyen, Khanh Q., Pennell, Curtis, Morris, Corey J. (2024): Field observations of the movements of locally adapted Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) living in zero and sub-zero centigrade temperatures for half the year. Canadian Journal of Zoology 102 (3): 253-263, DOI: 10.1139/cjz-2023-0067, URL: https://doi.org/10.1139/cjz-2023-0067
