taxonID	type	description	language	source
03C73038FFCAFFCD4487344CFEB953D2.taxon	diagnosis	Family diagnosis (females). Eviphididae are podospermal monogynaspid Mesostigmata with a holodorsal shield. The sternal shield has a maximum of three pairs of setae; the metasternal setae are inserted on soft integument or on separate metasternal platelets; the epigynal shield has one pair of setae or none. The anal shield has one pair of para-anal setae and a post-anal seta, but is occasionally surrounded by sclerotised integument that mimics a ventri-anal shield. Tibia I has four or five dorsal setae (1 - 5 / 3 - 2, 1 - 5 / 2 - 2, 1 - 4 / 2 - 2 or 1 - 4 / 2 - 1); tibia I and genu I each have one anterolateral seta (1 - 5 / 3 - 2, 1 - 5 / 2 - 2 or 1 - 4 / 2 - 1); and tibia III has seven setae (1 - 3 / 2 - 1). General taxonomic review. The Eviphididae are small to intermediate-sized Mesostigmata, with an idiosoma that is usually dorsoventrally flattened, but may be highly domed and subglobular, and oblong to subcircular in outline. They vary in colour from milk-white, yellow, or brown to red. They have a single large holodorsal shield that usually completely covers the dorsal surface of the idiosoma. In some genera the dorsal shield is moderately reduced and does not cover the lateral and posterior margins of the dorsum (Cryptoseius, Halolaspis, Metacryptoseius, Scamaphis, some Pelethiphis, and females of Alloseius, Thinoseius and Uroiphis). The reduction of the dorsal shield is most advanced in females of the genera Crassicheles and Neocrassicheles, where it may appear to be absent. In a few cases the shield is expanded and its margins are visible ventrally (in the deutonymph and male of Neocrassicheles and in female of Rafaphis). The dorsal shield usually bears 30 pairs of setae, but this number may be reduced, to 11 – 17 pairs in females of Thinoseius, 22 – 23 pairs in Cryptoseius, 26 pairs in Metacryptoseius, and 27 pairs in Scamaphis. More rarely, the number of setae is increased, to 33 pairs in Rafaphis and some Pelethiphis. The setae on the dorsal shield are usually simple, smooth and needle-like, but may be modified in various ways. Some species of Thinoseius and Uroiphis have some thickened setae, and the vertical (j 1) and humeral setae (r 3) in Scarabaspis are also often thickened. Some marginal setae may be elongate in Copriphis and Pelethiphis, and some other setae may also be elongate in Thinoseius, Cryptoseius and Pelethiphis. Some dorsal shield setae are pilose in Pelethiphis pectinatus; some are apically rounded and slightly pilose in Uroiphis and Thinoseius fucicola; and a few marginal setae in some species of Copriphis are smooth and apically spatulate. The pore-like structures on the dorsal shield are usually small and subcircular, or may be modified, hypertrophied and slit-like to sub-oval. On the ventral idiosoma, the tritosternum has a columnar or squat basal section and a pair of pilose laciniae. The presternal area may or may not have a pair of platelets. The sternal shield is usually well developed and sclerotised, bearing three pairs of setae and two pairs of lyrifissures. In Thinoseius the entire sternal shield may be strongly reduced or fragmented, with usually only one pair of setae and one pair of lyrifissures. The sternal shield may also be partly or wholly unsclerotised, as in Crassicheles, Neocrassicheles and Uroiphis scabratus, and in Cryptoseius the shield carries an additional third pair of metasternal pores. In most genera endopodal platelets II – III are fused to the sternal shield, but they are free in Crassicheles, Halolaspis, Rafaphis, and Thinoseius, and partly free in Pseudoalliphis. Endopodal platelets III – IV are free, or completely fused to the metasternal platelets (in Copriphis, Eviphis and Evimirus), or rarely connected to the sternal shield (in Scarabaspis). Endopodal platelets are completely absent in Crassicheles and Neocrassicheles. Metasternal platelets are usually present, each bearing a metasternal seta and the associated pore. In Cryptoseius, Halolaspis, Pseudoalliphis, Rafaphis, Scarabaspis, and Thinoseius the metasternal platelets are absent, and the metasternal setae are inserted in soft integument; metasternal pores are absent in Rafaphis. Exopodal and metapodal platelets may be present or absent. The epigynal shield is well developed, usually bearing a pair of setae, but in Scarabaspis, and some Thinoseius the epigynal setae are inserted outside the epigynal shield; the epigynal pores are outside the shield. The peritremes are generally well-developed and long, rarely shortened (in Cryptoseius, Rafaphis, and Scamaphis). Peritrematal shields are usually present, sometimes strongly developed and produced behind the posterior margins of coxae IV (in Copriphis, Eviphis and Evimirus), or rarely strongly reduced (in Cryptoseius, Metacryptoseius, Rafaphis, and Scamaphis). The anterior ends of the peritrematal shields are usually fused to the anterolateral margins of the dorsal shield, or may also be fused together to form a ventral extension of the vertex of the dorsal shield (Alloseius, Pseudoalliphis, and Scarabaspis); in Rafaphis and Scarabacariphis the anterior ends of the peritrematal shields are free. An anal shield is present, usually subtriangular, and bearing three circum-anal setae, a pair of glandular pores, and a cribrum. The area of integument surrounding the anal shield rarely bears an additional sclerotised area of integument, as in some species of Thinoseius. The male has separate sterno-genital and anal shields; the male genital orifice is located medially in the anterior margin of the sternum. The gnathosoma is well-developed and bears a pair of horn-like to lance-like corniculi. The chelicerae are chelate-dentate, sometimes elongate and slender (in Copriphis, Eviphis and Evimirus), without an arthrodial corona or brush; a pilus dentilis is present on the fixed digit. The male has a spermatodactyl attached to the distal part of the movable digit; it is shorter than the movable digit, and tube-like to club-like. The palp genu has five setae in Thinoseius and six setae in the other genera; the palp tarsal claw is usually 2 - tined, but 3 - tined in some species of Evimirus. The palptarsus sometimes has a pair of specialised sensory setae or macroeupathidia, in Copriphis, Eviphis, Evimirus and Scarabaspis. The epistome normally has an elongated central projection and variously formed lateral elements close to its base; the lateral elements may form a wing-like projection with a densely serrated distal margin, or may be absent; or the epistome may have several strong anterior points, as in Thinoseius. The legs are shorter than the idiosoma. Tarsi I – IV have claws, tibia I has four or five dorsal setae, tibia I and genu I each have one anterolateral seta, tibia III has seven setae, and trochanter I has five or six setae. In Eviphis, Scarabaspis, and some species of Alliphis and Pelethiphis, femur II of the male carries spurs. The family currently includes 19 genera and about 120 species found over all climatic zones of the world. There are 16 genera and 29 well defined and recognisable species in Europe, 14 genera and 19 species in Slovakia. Another five species from Europe were insufficiently described and cannot be recognised because type material is lost or in poor condition for study. These five species are temporarily relegated to the status incertae sedis (see the taxonomic summary later in this paper). The genus Pelethiphis is problematical, and its placement in the following key should be considered as provisional until the genus is completely revised. The genus Eviphis is here considered to be monotypic and all other species usually presented under this name, except the type species, should be transferred into the genus Copriphis.	en	Mašán, Peter, Halliday, Bruce (2010): Review of the European genera of Eviphididae (Acari: Mesostigmata) and the species occurring in Slovakia 2585. Zootaxa 2585: 1-122
03C73038FFCFFFC64487366CFE7957DE.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis (adults). Dorsal idiosoma (Figs 11, 13, 15, 17). Idiosoma dorso-ventrally flattened. Dorsal shield entire, suboval, almost completely covering dorsal idiosoma, never expanded ventrally, with simple rounded vertex, with fine reticulation at least on marginal area of shield. Dorsal shield with 30 pairs of subequal, uniform, needle-like setae, only j 1 sometimes slightly thickened, lanceolate; j 1 and z 1 in dorsal position on vertex. Sexual dimorphism of dorsal chaetotaxy absent. Some dorsal pore-like structures conspicuous, hypertrophied, elongate. Ventral idiosoma (Figs 12, 14, 16, 18). Presternal platelets present, small, paired, weakly sclerotised and transversely striate. Ventral shields with weak sculptural ornamentation on surface. Sternal shield well sclerotised, with three pairs of setae and two pairs of lyrifissures, first pair small, oriented obliquely to longitudinal axis. Endopodal platelets II – III completely fused to sternal shield. Endopodal platelets III – IV free in soft integument. Metasternal platelets present, very small, each bearing metasternal seta st 4 and adjacent pore. Epigynal shield with a pair of genital setae situated submedially, genital pores located in soft integument; post-genital sclerites present or absent. Anal shield usually subtriangular, with three subequal circum-anal setae. Exopodal platelets I – IV usually present, narrow and curved. Metapodal platelets present. Peritrematal shields well developed along whole length of peritreme, with anterior section fused to dorsal shield (Fig. 40) but not formed into a conspicuous arch-like ventral structure below vertex; peritremes long, anterior ends reaching at least to coxae I; post-stigmatic section of peritrematal shields short, not reaching beyond posterior margin of coxae IV. Dorsolateral and opisthogastric integument simply striated, with ten pairs of setae in female and nine pairs in male. In male, separate sterno-genital and anal shields present. Gnathosoma. Palptarsus without paired macroeupathidia. Movable digit of chelicera with one robust subdistal tooth (Figs 83, 95). Spermatodactyl short and simple (Figs 84, 88). Epistome with elongate central projection and wing-like lateral elements usually densely serrated on distal margin (Figs 46, 98 – 100). Legs. Chaetotaxy of legs I-II-III-IV: coxae 2 - 2 - 2 - 1, trochanters 6 - 5 - 5 - 5, femora 13 - 11 - 6 - 6, genua 11 - 11 - 8 - 7 and tibiae 11 - 10 - 7 - 7 (Table 3). Femur II and IV of male sometimes with one robust spur (Figs 42, 43, 81, 82). Notes on the genus. The genus Alliphis needs a thorough revision, because some of its species appear to be synonyms, and others may be better placed in other genera. Some species are known only from the immature stages, and the descriptions of others are not sufficiently detailed. Mašán & Halliday (2009 a) attempted to clarify the concept of the genus Alliphis by removing some species that obviously belong in other genera. Alliphis sculpturatus Karg 1963 was designated as the type species of the new genus Pseudoalliphis, and Iphidosoma pratensis Karg 1965, which was transferred into Alliphis by Kethley (1983), was made the type species of Alloseius. In this paper we refine the concept of Alliphis further, by recognising that some deutonymphs and males that were previously placed in Alliphis are actually synonyms of Alloseius pratensis. The process of clarifying the genus Alliphis is not complete and should continue, especially with detailed study of species from outside Europe. The strongest features that define the genus Alliphis are: (1) dorsal shield setae j 1 lanceolate, with acuminate tips; (2) dorsal shield setae short, subequal and uniform in length; (3) anterior dorsal shield simple, not expanded ventrally beyond the vertex, with setae j 1 and z 1 positioned dorsally; (4) peritrematal shields not connected with each other to form an arch-shaped ventral extension of the vertex; (5) peritrematal shields fused to anterolateral parts of dorsal shield; (6) dorsal shield at most with delicate reticulate sculpture on surface, without coarse punctate-reticulate pattern; (7) cuticular integument smooth or simply striated, without additional sculptural ornamentation and sclerotised structures; (8) presternal platelets present; (9) first pair of sternal pores small, slit-like and oriented oblique to longitudinal axis; (10) metasternal platelets present, each bearing an associated seta and pore; (11) endopodal platelets II – III completely fused to sternal shield; (12) exopodal platelets present; (13) movable cheliceral digit unidentate, fixed digit without hyaline appendage. The males of some species of Alliphis have robust spur-like seta on femur II and IV, slightly reduced peritrematal shields, slightly shortened pre-stigmatic sections of the peritremes, and roof-shaped lateral margins of the epistome. Some species, based exclusively on deutonymphs or / and males, that have the first sternal pores atypically oriented transversely to the longitudinal axis instead of obliquely were incorrectly placed in Alliphis, not Alloseius. The identification of species of Alliphis is complicated by the striking morphological uniformity of most species, and by the fact that some species are incompletely known. Some of the described species are undoubtedly synonyms, for example, Alliphis hirschmanni Arutunian 1991 = Alliphis scarabaeorum Ogandzhanyan 1969 (new synonymy). Alliphis is one of the largest genera of Eviphididae. It currently includes about 20 species, mostly associated with various scarab beetles, and distributed mainly in the Palaearctic region (Koroleva 1968; Ogandzhanyan 1969; Samšiňák & Daniel 1978; Christie 1983; Gu et al. 1989; Arutunian 1991, 1992 a; Mašán 1994 a; Gu & Liu 1996; Gu & Bai 1997; Gu & Fan 1997 a; Li 2001; Halliday 2008), with some species known from Africa (Ryke & Meyer 1957; Ryke 1959) and Australia (Halliday, personal observations). Alliphis halleri has been recorded in Europe, North Africa, and North America (Halliday 2008). In Slovakia, this genus is represented by five species.	en	Mašán, Peter, Halliday, Bruce (2010): Review of the European genera of Eviphididae (Acari: Mesostigmata) and the species occurring in Slovakia 2585. Zootaxa 2585: 1-122
03C73038FFC1FFC24487338BFB3C5006.taxon	description	(Figs 11, 12, 89, 98)	en	Mašán, Peter, Halliday, Bruce (2010): Review of the European genera of Eviphididae (Acari: Mesostigmata) and the species occurring in Slovakia 2585. Zootaxa 2585: 1-122
03C73038FFC1FFC24487338BFB3C5006.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis (adults). Dorsal idiosoma (Fig. 11). Dorsal shield suboval, 420 – 500 µm long and 270 – 320 µm wide in females, 370 – 405 µm long and 240 – 265 µm wide in males, distinctly reticulate over almost whole surface. Dorsal setae short, subequal in length; measurements of some dorsocentral setae in females: j 1 14 – 16 µm, j 2 19 – 21 µm, j 3 19 – 25 µm, j 4 21 – 25 µm, j 5 13 – 19 µm, J 3 12 – 18 µm, J 5 12 – 15 µm, Z 5 12 – 17 µm. Ventral idiosoma (Fig. 12). Presternal platelets present. Sternal shield longer than wide, 94 – 113 µm long, 69 – 90 µm wide, smooth or with weak anteromarginal ornamentation lines; first pair of sternal pores slit-like, oriented obliquely. Epigynal shield narrow, 45 – 62 µm wide. Post-genital sclerites absent. Anal shield wider than long, 74 – 90 µm long, 80 – 106 µm wide, subtriangular, with widely rounded anterior margin and distinct reticulation on surface. Peritrematal shields relatively wide, well developed along the whole peritreme, posterior margin almost truncate, with two parallel longitudinal lines along outer margin of the shield (Fig. 89); peritremes long, anterior tip reaching beyond seta z 1. Opisthogastric integument with a pair of elongate metapodal platelets and eight pairs of setae (nine pairs in males). Sterno-genital shield of male 160 – 173 µm long, anal shield 73 – 83 µm long and 78 – 87 µm wide. Gnathosoma. Cheliceral dentition typical for genus. Epistome with elongated central projection and well developed wing-like lateral elements, densely serrated on distal margin (Fig. 98). Legs. Chaetotaxy typical for genus (Table 3). Femora II and IV of male normally setaceous, without spurlike setae.	en	Mašán, Peter, Halliday, Bruce (2010): Review of the European genera of Eviphididae (Acari: Mesostigmata) and the species occurring in Slovakia 2585. Zootaxa 2585: 1-122
03C73038FFC1FFC24487338BFB3C5006.taxon	discussion	Remarks. In Europe, the most commonly cited species in the genus Alliphis are Alliphis halleri and Alliphis siculus, but their true identity and taxonomic status has often been confused. Both species names occur frequently in various acarological studies, as documented by Halliday (2008). Although A. siculus was formally synonymised with A. halleri by Samšiňák & Daniel (1978), they did not base this decision on the original type material. This synonymy was accepted by some subsequent authors (Christie 1983; Mašán 1994 a), but both names have remained in widespread use (Urhan & İpek 2007). Halliday (2008) found that the type specimens of A. siculus do not agree with the species widely referred to as A. halleri. They also differ from “ A. siculus ” as illustrated by Karg (1971, 1993), specifically in the presence of an extra pair of dorsal J-setae, and the lengths of some dorsal shield setae. According to Halliday (2008), A. siculus is clearly not a synonym of A. halleri, only a common misidentification of A. halleri. Alliphis halleri is a sapro-coprophilous detriticole showing wide ecological plasticity. It is commonly phoretic on many coprophilous insects, especially Scarabaeidae. It is very common and abundant in various types of decomposing organic matter, mainly in the dung of large herbivores, dunghills, stable manure, compost heaps, rotting vegetables and mushrooms, rotting silage and hay, decaying animal fodder, highly organic soils, etc. It also occurs in other substrates that contain a high proportion of manure or decaying organic matter, for example manured arable and meadow soils, soil detritus in pastures, nests of mammals, birds and bumblebees, mixed organic refuse, cadavers, carcasses, etc. It can colonise fresh dung with a high content of water and nitrates as well as older dung at later stages of succession, but can also be found in soil detritus that does not contain visible manure. It is distributed from lowlands up to the subalpine zone, and has been found for example in dung of the marmot Marmota marmota in Západné Tatry Mts. at 1,750 m a. s. l., and at an altitude of 2,355 m in the Rheatian Alps in Italy (Stelvio Pass, lgt. P. Fenďa). Occurrence in Slovakia. (a) Verified or reliable published data. Bodvianska Pahorkatina Wold: Janík [7491] (published as Alliphis siculus by Kováč et al. 1999). Borská Nížina Lowland: Jakubov, Jakubovské Rybníky Ponds [7567] (Fenďa 2005; Fenďa & Schniererová 2005). Morava River, 12 th – 16 th km [7767, 7667] (published as Alliphis siculus by Kalúz et al. 2000). Vysoká Pri Morave [7667] (Mašán & Krištofík 1995). Bukovské Vrchy Hills: Nová Sedlica, Dolina Zbojského Potoka [6901]; Nová Sedlica, Stužica, Pod Kremencom [6901]; Nová Sedlica, Zakasárenský Potok [6901]; Zboj [6901] (Fenďa & Mašán 2003). Ulič [7000] (Samšiňák & Daniel 1978; Fenďa & Mašán 2003). Cerová Vrchovina Highland: Hajnáčka, Pohanský Hrad [7785]; Petrovce, Fenek [7886]; Šiatorská Bukovinka, Šomoška [7885] (Mašán 1995). Ipe ľ ská Pahorkatina Wold: Žemberovce [7778] (published as Alliphis siculus by Kalúz 1994 a). Košická Kotlina Basin: Kechnec [7493] (Mašán & Stanko 2005; Halliday 2008). Peder [7491]; Šebastovce [7393]; Valaliky [7393] (published as Alliphis siculus by Kováč et al. 1999). Malé Karpaty Mts.: Borinka, Jaskyňa Trojuholník [7768] (Halliday 2008). Podunajská Rovina Flatland: Bratislava, Topoľové Hony [7969]; Hamuliakovo [7969]; Jurová [8071] (published as Alliphis siculus by Čarnogurský et al. 1994). Bratislava, Podunajské Biskupice, Ostrov Kopáč [7968] (published as Alliphis siculus by Kalúz 2007). Dolný Štál [8072]; Rohovce [7970] (Krištofík et al. 1993). Ercséd [8171]; Hajóšok [8070] (Fenďa & Lengyel 2007). Ostrov Orliaka Morského [8170] (Fenďa & Lengyel 2007; Halliday 2008). Gabčíkovo, Istragov [8171] (published as Alliphis siculus by Kalúz 1995). Veľké Blahovo [7991] (Krištofík et al. 2001). Svätý Jur, Šúr, Šúrsky Rybník [7769] (Fenďa 2005). Považský Inovec Mts.: Hrádok [7373] (Mašán 1994 b). Slovenský Kras Karst: Jablonov Nad Turňou, Dolný Vrch, Obrovská Priepasť [7490] (Papáč et al. 2007). Silica, Majkova Jaskyňa [7489] (Papáč et al. 2006). Spišská Magura Mts.: no other data (published as Alliphis siculus by Kramárová 1973). Trnavská Pahorkatina Wold: Brunovce [7373] (Mašán 1994 b). Tur č ianska Kotlina Basin: Slovenské Pravno, Dvorec [7078] (published as Alliphis siculus by Fenďa et al. 1998 a). Vihorlatské Vrchy Hills: Úbrež [7298]; Vinné [7197] (Halliday 2008). Východoslovenská Pahorkatina Wold: Egreš [7395]; Trhovište [7296, 7297] (published as Alliphis siculus by Kováč et al. 1999). Without collection data (published as Alliphis siculus by Mrciak 1977). Východoslovenská Rovina Flatland: Čičarovce [7498]; Hraň [7496]; Parchovany [7296]; Svätá Mária [7597] (published as Alliphis siculus by Kováč et al. 1999). Oborín, Malčice [7497] (published as Alliphis siculus by Mrciak 1977). Strážne [7697]; Streda Nad Bodrogom [7696]; Svätuše [7597] (Mašán & Stanko 2005). Vysoké Tatry Mts.: Kežmarské Žľaby [6887] (Halliday 2008). Without specific data: Published as Alliphis siculus by Fenďa et al. (1998 b). (b) New data. Biele Karpaty Mts.: 2 ♀♀, 3 October 1999, Nová Bošáca (compost) [7173]. Borská Nížina Lowland: 6 ♀♀, 2 ♂♂, 20 October 1992, Jakubov [7568]; 3 ♀♀, 3 April 2005, Borský Svätý Jur, Šaštínsky Les [7368]; 9 ♀♀, 6 ♂♂, 8 January 2006, Borský Svätý Jur [7368]. Ipe ľ ská Kotlina Basin: 1 ♀, 23 June 1997, Ipeľské Predmostie, Ryžovisko (litter) [7980]. Ipe ľ ská Pahorkatina Wold: 1 ♀, 1 ♂, 25 May 2004, Horša, Horšianska Dolina [7778]. Malé Karpaty Mts.: 17 ♀♀, 7 ♂♂, 30 May 1991, Bratislava, Železná Studienka [7768]; 41 ♀♀, 18 ♂♂, 55 DN, 14 May 1993, Bratislava, zoopark [7868]; 8 ♀♀, 5 July 2001, Bratislava, zoopark [7868]; 1 ♀♀, 6 ♂♂, 1 DN, 5 May 2004, Bratislava, Patrónka [7868]; 2 ♀♀, 14 June 2006, Bratislava, Koliba [7768]. Muránska Planina Plateau: 11 ♀♀, 8 ♂♂, 1 DN, 20 May 2002, Muráň, Nemecké Lúčky (A. stercorosus) [7286]; 1 ♀, 21 May 2002, Muráň, Poludnica, Klin [7286]. Podunajská Rovina Flatland: 1 ♀, 26 May 1993, Bratislava, Podunajské Biskupice [7869]; 2 ♀♀, 11 May 1994, Bodíky, Bodícka Brána [8070]; 7 ♀♀, 21 April 1998, Veľký Meder (litter) [8172]; 13 ♀♀, 4 ♂♂, 17 May 1999, Veľké Kosihy [8273]; 2 ♀♀, 19 May 2004 Bratislava, Rusovce (forest) [7968]. Po ľ ana Mts.: 1 ♂, 17 August 1997, Hriňová, Zadná Poľana [7382]. Popradská Kotlina Basin: 2 ♀♀, 10 July 2003, Lučivná [6986]. Považský Inovec Mts.: 23 ♀♀, 20 ♂♂, 31 DN, 23 August 1992, Hrádok, Hrádocká Dolina [7373]; 10 ♀♀, 4 DN, 7 June 1998, Lúka (dung) [7373]; 1 ♂, 7 June 1998, Lúka (nest) [7373]; 18 ♀♀, 3 ♂♂, 10 May 1998, Lúka [7373]; 10 ♀♀, 1 June 2002, Lúka [7373]. Revúcka Vrchovina Highland: 2 ♀♀, 21 June 2005, Hrušovo, Hrušovské Škrapy [7486]. Rimavská Kotlina Basin: 1 ♂, 21 June 2005, Veľký Blh, Vereš [7586]. Trnavská Pahorkatina Wold: 4 ♀♀, 1 ♂, 2 May 1993, Brunovce (Aphodius) [7373]; 382 ♀♀, 174 ♂♂, 157 DN, 3 May 1993, Brunovce [7373]; 13 ♀♀, 3 ♂♂, 1 DN, 28 April 2002, Horná Streda [7373]; 4 ♀♀, 26 May 2005 Šenkvice, Šenkvický Háj [7770]. Ve ľ ká Fatra Mts.: 2 ♀♀, 1 ♂, 21 July 2004 Liptovské Revúce [7081]. Vihorlatské Vrchy Hills: 2 ♀♀, 3 ♂♂, 1 DN, 17 June 2004 Vinné, Viniansky Hradný Vrch [7197]. Východoslovenská Pahorkatina Wold: 4 ♀♀, 2 ♂♂, 16 June 2004, Úbrež, Karná [7298]. Východoslovenská Rovina Plain: 1 ♀, 1 DN, 1 June 2004, Malé Trakany, Tisa [7598]. Západné Tatry Mts.: 2 ♀♀, 27 July 2005, Zuberec, Smutná Dolina (excrement) [6884]. Zemplínske Vrchy Hills: 14 ♀♀, 9 ♂♂, 10 November 2006 Ladmovce (field) [7596]. Žilinská Kotlina Basin: 10 ♀♀, 26 June 1997, Varín [6879].	en	Mašán, Peter, Halliday, Bruce (2010): Review of the European genera of Eviphididae (Acari: Mesostigmata) and the species occurring in Slovakia 2585. Zootaxa 2585: 1-122
03C73038FFC4FFC344873361FF0A563E.taxon	description	(Figs 13, 14, 40, 42, 43, 46)	en	Mašán, Peter, Halliday, Bruce (2010): Review of the European genera of Eviphididae (Acari: Mesostigmata) and the species occurring in Slovakia 2585. Zootaxa 2585: 1-122
03C73038FFC4FFC344873361FF0A563E.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis (adults). Dorsal idiosoma (Fig. 13). Female idiosoma 460 – 520 µm long and 315 – 380 µm wide. Dorsal shield oval, 435 – 495 µm long and 275 – 330 µm wide in females, 350 – 395 µm long and 250 – 270 µm wide in males, distinctly reticulated around marginal areas only. Dorsal setae relatively long, marginal setae approximately double length of central setae; in females: j 1 22 – 25 µm, j 2 26 – 30 µm, j 3 27 – 33 µm, j 4 24 – 28 µm, j 5 17 – 23 µm, J 3 11 – 14 µm, J 5 10 – 13 µm, Z 5 14 – 17 µm. Ventral idiosoma (Fig. 14). Presternal platelets present. Sternal shield approximately as long as wide, 88 – 98 µm long and 91 – 102 µm wide, smooth or with weak anteromarginal ornamentation lines; first pair of sternal pores slit-like, oriented obliquely. Epigynal shield relatively large, 55 – 70 µm wide. Post-genital sclerites present. Anal shield approximately as long as wide, 80 – 100 µm in length and 80 – 91 µm in width, subtriangular, with rounded anterior margin and smooth surface. Opisthogastric integument with two pairs of elongate metapodal platelets, anterior pair minute. Peritrematal shields relatively narrow, developed along the whole peritreme, smooth, without specific sculptural ornamentation on surface; post-stigmatic section tapered posteriorly; peritremes shortened, anterior ends reaching slightly beyond seta s 2. Dorsolateral and opisthogastric integument with ten pairs of setae in females, nine pairs in males. In male, sterno-genital shield 173 – 180 µm long, anal shield 80 – 90 µm long and 80 – 95 µm wide. Gnathosoma. Cheliceral dentition typical for genus. Epistome with elongated central projection; lateral wing-like elements poorly developed, sloping, densely serrate on anterior margin (Fig. 46). Legs. Chaetotaxy of leg segments typical for genus (Table 3). Femora II and IV of male each with a robust spur-like seta (Figs 42, 43).	en	Mašán, Peter, Halliday, Bruce (2010): Review of the European genera of Eviphididae (Acari: Mesostigmata) and the species occurring in Slovakia 2585. Zootaxa 2585: 1-122
03C73038FFC4FFC344873361FF0A563E.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Alliphis kargi is an insecticolous species that occurs in close association with Lethrus apterus (Scarabaeidae). This beetle species shows well-developed parental care of its progeny, and is unusual in that both adult beetles and immature stages are phytophagous. It is a rare beetle that occurs in warm plains and pasture habitats in the southern part of Slovakia. The other beetle hosts for this mite species cited by Arutunian (1991), viz. Aphodius lugens Creutz. and Rhizotrogus arcilabris Mars., seem to be very questionable and doubtful. Occurrence in Slovakia. New data. Cerová Vrchovina Highland: 5 ♀♀, 3 ♂♂, 7 June 2006, Šurice [7785].	en	Mašán, Peter, Halliday, Bruce (2010): Review of the European genera of Eviphididae (Acari: Mesostigmata) and the species occurring in Slovakia 2585. Zootaxa 2585: 1-122
03C73038FFC5FFC14487316EFB6956B6.taxon	description	(Figs 15, 16, 81, 82, 88, 91, 95 and 100)	en	Mašán, Peter, Halliday, Bruce (2010): Review of the European genera of Eviphididae (Acari: Mesostigmata) and the species occurring in Slovakia 2585. Zootaxa 2585: 1-122
03C73038FFC5FFC14487316EFB6956B6.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis (adults). Dorsal idiosoma (Fig. 15). Dorsal shield suboval, relatively wide, 410 – 525 µm long and 280 – 380 µm wide in females, 340 – 500 µm long and 230 – 305 µm wide in males, distinctly reticulated only in marginal areas. Dorsal setae relatively short, subequal in length; in females: j 1 13 – 19 µm, j 2 18 – 21 µm, j 3 20 – 25 µm, j 4 19 – 23 µm, j 5 17 – 19 µm, J 3 14 – 19 µm, J 5 11 – 13 µm, Z 5 13 – 20 µm. Ventral idiosoma (Fig. 16). Presternal platelets present. Sternal shield approximately as wide as long, 98 – 124 µm long and 90 – 120 µm wide, smooth; first pair of sternal pores slit-like, oriented obliquely. Epigynal shield 47 – 72 µm wide. Post-genital sclerites absent. Anal shield slightly wider than long, 63 – 89 µm long and 76 – 101 µm wide, subtriangular, with rounded anterior margin and smooth surface. Opisthogastric integument with two pairs of elongated metapodal platelets, anterior pair minute. Peritrematal shields relatively narrow, developed along the whole peritreme, smooth, without specific sculptural ornamentation on surface; post-stigmatic section tapered posteriorly (Fig. 91); peritremes slightly shortened, anterior ends not reaching paravertical seta z 1. Dorsolateral and opisthogastric integument with ten pairs of setae in female, seven to nine pairs in males. In male, sterno-genital shield 144 – 216 µm long; anal shield subtriangular but variable in shape, 64 – 88 µm long and 72 – 100 µm wide, bearing three circum-anal setae; in irregularly shaped forms, anal shield about 112 µm long and 120 µm wide, sometimes bearing some of the ventral setae. Gnathosoma. Cheliceral dentition typical for genus (Figs 88, 95). Epistome with elongated central projection; lateral wing-like elements poorly developed, sloping, densely serrated on anterior margin (Fig. 100). Legs. Chaetotaxy of leg segments typical for genus (Table 3). Femora II and IV of male each with a robust spur-like seta (Figs 81, 82), or the spur sometimes absent on femur IV.	en	Mašán, Peter, Halliday, Bruce (2010): Review of the European genera of Eviphididae (Acari: Mesostigmata) and the species occurring in Slovakia 2585. Zootaxa 2585: 1-122
03C73038FFC5FFC14487316EFB6956B6.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Alliphis yinchuanensis Gu & Bai 1997 and A. brevisternalis Ma & Wang 1998 are here regarded as synonymous with A. necrophilus. The authors of the original descriptions did not compare their new species with A. necrophilus, and all of the differential characters for their new species were well within the range of variation of A. necrophilus. Both were collected from silphid beetles or mammalian carrion, typical habitats for A. necrophilus. Alliphis necrophilus is a necrophilous species specifically associated with burying beetles of the genus Nicrophorus, i. e. cadavericolous species occurring in decayed animal tissues in various degree of decomposition, most abundant on larger cadavers. It has also been found on cadavers of small mammals attacked by burying beetles. It is a Palaearctic mite found in associations with the following Nicrophorus species: N. humator and N. vespillo in Slovakia, Poland and China (Mašán 1994 a; Ma 1996; Haitlinger 2004), N. vespilloides in Scotland (Christie 1983), N. maculifrons and N. quadripunctatus in Japan (Takaku et al. 1994), and N. japonicus in China (Gu & Bai 1997). Haitlinger (2004) reported this species occasionally also from other beetles, viz. Oiceoptoma thoracica, Silpha obscura (Silphidae), and Trichodes apiarius (Cleridae). Occurrence in Slovakia. (a) Verified published data. Borská Nížina Lowland: Malé Leváre [7467]; Vysoká Pri Morave [7667] (Mašán 1994 a, 1999). (b) New data. Nízke Tatry Mts.: 2 ♀♀, 18 August 1997, Liptovská Osada [7081].	en	Mašán, Peter, Halliday, Bruce (2010): Review of the European genera of Eviphididae (Acari: Mesostigmata) and the species occurring in Slovakia 2585. Zootaxa 2585: 1-122
03C73038FFC7FFFE448735F1FC005006.taxon	description	(Figs 17, 18, 83, 84, 90, 99)	en	Mašán, Peter, Halliday, Bruce (2010): Review of the European genera of Eviphididae (Acari: Mesostigmata) and the species occurring in Slovakia 2585. Zootaxa 2585: 1-122
03C73038FFC7FFFE448735F1FC005006.taxon	description	Gnathosoma. Cheliceral dentition as in Figs 83 and 84. Epistome with elongated central projection and well developed wing-like lateral elements densely serrated on distal margin (Fig. 99). Legs. Chaetotaxy of leg segments typical for genus (Table 3). Femora II and IV of male not spurred.	en	Mašán, Peter, Halliday, Bruce (2010): Review of the European genera of Eviphididae (Acari: Mesostigmata) and the species occurring in Slovakia 2585. Zootaxa 2585: 1-122
03C73038FFC7FFFE448735F1FC005006.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Alliphis phoreticus has been recorded only from Slovakia. It occurs in cattle dung in pasture and grassland habitats, where it is phoretic on several species of dung beetles. Occurrence in Slovakia. (a) Verified published data. Nízke Tatry Mts.: Liptovský Ján [6984] (Mašán 1994 a). Trnavská Pahorkatina Wold: Brunovce [7373]; Horná Streda [7373] (Mašán 1994 a). (b) New data. Považský Inovec Mts.: 2 ♀♀, 2 July 1994, Lúka, Srnia Dolina [7373]. Trnavská Pahorkatina Wold: 29 ♀♀, 29 ♂♂, 34 DN, 16 August 1992, Brunovce [7373].	en	Mašán, Peter, Halliday, Bruce (2010): Review of the European genera of Eviphididae (Acari: Mesostigmata) and the species occurring in Slovakia 2585. Zootaxa 2585: 1-122
03C73038FFF8FFFE44873371FBCD5318.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Alliphis siculus has not been recorded from Slovakia, and is known only from Italy. However, we here take the opportunity to further clarify the identity of this species, following the examination of type specimens in the Berlese Acaroteca, Firenze. Berlese (1916 a) synonymised Copriphis (Pelethiphis) crinitus var. curtipilus with Alliphis siculus. One of us (PM) has examined Berlese's slides of Copriphis (Pelethiphis) crinitus var. curtipilus (slides numbered 4 / 12 and 123 / 47). The slides contain five specimens (two females, two males and one deutonymph) collected from Scarabaeus semipunctatus in Italy (Pompeii, San Vincenzo, Pisa). Berlese did not designate types for C. (P.) crinitus var. curtipilus, and slide 123 / 47 is labelled Copriphis (Pelethiphis) elongatus (!). The specimens have deteriorated and are barely observable, but the dorsal shield of the specimens that can be examined on slide 4 / 12 have one unpaired J seta between dorsal setae J 2 and J 5, and the marginal setae are distinctly longer than the medial setae. Halliday (2008) found an additional pair of J setae between J 2 and J 5 in the type specimens of Alliphis siculus collected from the same beetle host in Sicily. We can therefore confirm the synonymy of C. (P.) crinitus var. curtipilus with A. siculus by and therefore confirm the existence of A. siculus on the Italian mainland as well as in Sicily.	en	Mašán, Peter, Halliday, Bruce (2010): Review of the European genera of Eviphididae (Acari: Mesostigmata) and the species occurring in Slovakia 2585. Zootaxa 2585: 1-122
03C73038FFF8FFFD44873094FDF65666.taxon	description	Gnathosoma. Palptarsus without paired macroeupathidium. Cheliceral digits and segments more massive in males and deutonymphs (Figs 31, 96) than in females (Figs 29, 30); movable digit of chelicerae bidentate in female or unidentate in male and deutonymph; female fixed digit with unusual hyaline sheath-shaped lamina (Figs 29, 30); male movable digit with short and simple spermatodactyl (Fig. 96). Epistome trispinate, with elongated central projection and short lateral prongs (Fig. 28); central projection medially spiniferous in males (Fig. 97). Legs. Setation of legs I-II-III-IV: coxae 2 - 2 - 2 - 1, trochanters 6 - 5 - 5 - 5, femora 13 - 11 - 6 - 6, genua 11 - 11 - 8 - 7, tibiae 11 - 10 - 7 - 7 (Table 3). In female, pulvillus of legs II – IV with elongated and pointed lateral lobes, projecting beyond claws (Fig. 25). Notes on the genus. According to Mašán & Halliday (2009 a), the differential diagnosis of the genus Alloseius was based on the combination of the following female characters: (1) dorsal shield setae j 1 columnar, with rounded tips; (2) anterior dorsal shield expanded ventrally beyond the vertex, so setae j 1 and z 1 are positioned ventrally; (3) the peritrematal shields are fused with the expanded anterior margin of the dorsal shield to form an arch-shaped antero-ventral shield structure that embraces coxae I; (4) coarse punctate-reticulate sculpture on dorsal shield as well as on striated ventral integument; and (5) movable cheliceral digit bidentate, fixed digit with hyaline projection. These female character states may be now supplemented as follows: (1) idiosoma lemon-shaped and with caudal projection bearing a pair of setae (Jv 5); (2) dorsal shield not covering whole dorsal surface, with medial protuberance; (3) anterior hyaline margin of epigynal shield acuminate; (4) pulvilli II – IV with elongated and pointed lateral lobes, projecting beyond claws; and (5) dorsolateral and opisthogastric soft integument with ten pairs of setae (but with eight pairs in males). Alloseius is similar in some respects to Uroiphis. Both genera have an acuminate anterior margin on the epigynal shield in females, additional granulation of soft integument in females, well-developed sexual dimorphism in the form of the idiosoma and dorsal setae, and very robust cheliceral digits in males and deutonymphs. The heavy chelicera may be associated with the phoretic behaviour of the male and deutonymph in these genera. For a detailed comparison of these two genera see Table 4. We have found an unusual and remarkable modification of the female tarsal pulvilli on legs II – IV in this genus. These pulvilli have the lateral lobes elongated, pointed, and projecting beyond the claws (Fig. 25). The same modification can also be seen in females of the genera Crassicheles (Fig. 53) and Neocrassicheles (Fig. 111). This may be a morphological adaptation to life in very fresh or humid dung habitats, enabling movement in almost semiaquatic substrates that are found in these habitats. A slightly different but functionally similar adaptation occurs in some strongly hygrophilous Blattisociidae, namely Cheiroseius Berlese 1916 a, Cheiroseiulus Evans & Baker 1991 and Platyseius Berlese 1916 a, in which the pulvilli of tarsi II – IV have the paired paradactyli and median lobe in a form of large expanded and flattened projections (Lindquist et al. 2009). Only two species were included in this genus by Mašán & Halliday (2009 a), namely Alloseius pratensis Karg 1965 from Germany, and Alloseius insolentis Ma 1997 from China. The previous Slovakian record of A. pratensis, under the original name Iphidosoma pratensis (by Mašán 1994 b) proved to be a misidentification of Halolaspis hypedon. It is possible that Iphidosoma verrucosa Nikolsky 1990 should also be included in this genus (Nikolsky 1990 a, 1990 b).	en	Mašán, Peter, Halliday, Bruce (2010): Review of the European genera of Eviphididae (Acari: Mesostigmata) and the species occurring in Slovakia 2585. Zootaxa 2585: 1-122
03C73038FFFBFFF844873581FAFE532E.taxon	description	(Figs 19 – 33, 92, 96, 97, 104)	en	Mašán, Peter, Halliday, Bruce (2010): Review of the European genera of Eviphididae (Acari: Mesostigmata) and the species occurring in Slovakia 2585. Zootaxa 2585: 1-122
03C73038FFFBFFF844873581FAFE532E.taxon	diagnosis	Amendments to diagnosis (adults and deutonymph). Female (Figs 19, 20, 23, 25, 26, 28 – 30, 104). Dorsal idiosoma (Fig. 19). Idiosoma 425 – 535 µm long and 315 – 380 µm wide. Dorsal shield 395 – 465 µm long, 300 – 335 µm wide. Dorsal setae heterogeneous in length, sublateral setae longest, often with hyaline extensions (Fig. 26), 30 – 40 µm long, approximately double length of some short central setae. Vertical setae j 1 columnar, extremely short, 6 – 12 µm long; setae j 5 20 – 26 µm long. Posterior dorsal setae J 5 and Z 5 usually modified, short, thick, apically rounded, columnar or rod-shaped; setae J 5 8 – 11 µm long, Z 5 13 – 18 µm long. Ventral idiosoma (Fig. 20). Sternal shield smooth, without ornamentation on surface, anterolateral and mediolateral corners pointed, shield 81 – 91 µm long and 55 – 66 µm wide at narrowest point; sternal setae short, simple, needle-like, 13 – 17 µm long. Epigynal shield 41 – 58 µm wide, widest at level of genital setae, delicately striate; striae short, irregular, longitudinal. Anal shield striate and punctate on surface, 109 – 119 µm in width; post-anal seta thicker than adanals. Soft opisthogastric integument with ten pairs of setae. Male (Figs 21, 22, 92, 96, 97). Dorsal idiosoma (Fig. 21). Dorsal shield 320 – 370 µm long and 195 – 230 µm wide, with some anterolateral longitudinal sculptural lines. Dorsal setae heterogeneous in length, anterior and marginal setae approximately double length of central setae; J 3 and J 5 short, thick; j 1 16 – 18 µm, j 4 21 – 27 µm, j 5 10 – 14 µm, J 3 and J 5 5 – 8 µm, Z 5 9 – 12 µm. Ventral idiosoma (Fig. 22). Sterno-genital shield 140 – 165 µm long, surface smooth. Opisthogastric integument with three pairs of post-genital sclerites and a pair of large elongate metapodal platelets. Anal shield large, subcircular, slightly wider than long, 68 – 76 µm long and 69 – 86 µm wide, transversely striated in anterior part. Peritrematal shields relatively wide, well developed along the whole peritreme, with a pattern of longitudinal lines (Fig. 92); post-stigmatic section wide, short and usually tapered posteriorly. Deutonymph (Figs 24, 27, 31 – 33). Dorsal idiosoma (Fig. 32). Idiosoma dorso-ventrally flattened, suboval. Dorsal shield 330 – 385 µm long and 225 – 260 µm wide, entire, covering whole dorsum, bearing 30 pairs of setae and delicate net-like surface pattern. Dorsal setae relatively short, especially in central area, simple and needle-like, only vertical setae j 1 slightly stouter, lance-like; z 1 minute, in ventral position. Ventral idiosoma (Figs 24, 33). Presternal platelets absent. Sternal shield well sclerotised, relatively large, 140 – 165 µm long, with short longitudinal marginal striae, anterior margin undulating, posterior end tapered and rounded, bearing four pairs of setae and three pairs of pores; first pair of pores slightly elongate, slit-like, oriented transversely. Endopodal platelets II – III connected to sternal shield anteriorly, and to endopodals III – IV posteriorly; endopodal platelets with rounded outer margins. Sternal setae st 5 inserted in soft integument close to posterior margin of sternal shield, between coxae IV. Opisthogastric integument with three pairs of minute post-genital sclerites and a pair of narrow curved metapodal platelets. Anal shield relatively wide, suboval, slightly wider than long, 66 – 80 µm long, 71 – 83 µm wide, weakly striate, bearing relatively small anus and three subequal needle-like circum-anal setae; cribrum well developed, relatively wide and almost truncate on posterior margin. Exopodal platelets I – III absent, exopodals IV present, narrowed and curved. Peritrematal shields developed along the medial and posterior parts of peritremes, slightly widened close to stigmata; peritremes well developed, anterior ends reaching well beyond coxae I; post-stigmatic pore small, distinct. Sexual dimorphism of ventral chaetotaxy well developed: female deutonymph with more setae on lateral and opisthogastric soft integument than male deutonymph; lateral and opisthogastric soft integument with ten pairs of setae in female deutonymphs, eight pairs of setae in male deutonymphs (excluding st 5 setae inserted also in soft integument); all ventral setae simple, short and needle-like. Gnathosoma. Cheliceral segments and digits relatively stout and robust (Figs 31, 33). Epistome as in Fig. 27.	en	Mašán, Peter, Halliday, Bruce (2010): Review of the European genera of Eviphididae (Acari: Mesostigmata) and the species occurring in Slovakia 2585. Zootaxa 2585: 1-122
03C73038FFFBFFF844873581FAFE532E.taxon	discussion	Remarks. This species described under the name Iphidosoma pratensis by Karg (1965) was transferred into the genus Alliphis by Kethley (1983), and was then designated as the type species of the new genus Alloseius by Mašán & Halliday (2009 a). Subsequently, we have obtained rich collections of this species from fresh cow dung pads, with all adult and developmental stages now available. The morphological differences between the adult males and females are so strong that they were described as different species. The males and / or deutonymphs were described as a following species: Alliphis montanus by Koroleva (1968), Alliphis rotundianalis by Mašán (1994 a), Alliphis stenosternus by Gu & Liu (1996), and Scarabaspis altaicus by Sklyar (1999). Strong sexual dimorphism is common in various genera of Eviphididae, including Crassicheles, Neocrassicheles, Thinoseius, and Uroiphis. In A. pratensis, the sexual dimorphism is also visible in the deutonymphs. Male adults and male deutonymphs have eight pairs of setae in the lateral and opisthogastric integument (Fig. 22), while female adults and female deutonymphs have ten pairs (Figs 20, 24). Males and deutonymphs of Alloseius pratensis have been mostly classified in the genus Alliphis. However, the position and shape of their first pair of sterno-genital pores in this species are not typical for the genus Alliphis. Males and deutonymphs of A. pratensis are relatively common on various dung beetles (Scarabaeoidea), but the absence of females in phoretic populations is another phenomenon atypical of Alliphis (females are common in cow and horse dung pads). In the original description of Alliphis rotundianalis from Slovakia by Mašán (1994 a), the main character for distinguishing this species from Alliphis montanus was based on the specific form of the anal shield in the male. Unfortunately, Koroleva (1968) did not accurately illustrate correct shape of the male anal shield, and her statement of exceptional form of the anal shield, unusual among the all other congeners, was overlooked. The male anal shield after Koroleva is subtriangular, not subcircular. Both species are conspecific in all other morphological features given for male and deutonymph by Koroleva. This species seems to be Palaearctic in range, reported from Germany, Slovakia, Ukraine, Russia and China. We have examined further collections from Italy and France (unpublished material). Occurrence in Slovakia. (a) Verified published data. Považský Inovec Mts.: Lúka [7373] (Mašán 1994 a). Trnavská Pahorkatina Wold: Brunovce [7373] (Mašán 1994 a). (b) New data. Borská Nížina Lowland: 21 ♀♀, 30 ♂♂, 52 DN, 23 May 2009, Veľké Leváre [7468]. Malé Karpaty Mts.: 4 ♀♀, 12 ♂♂, 33 DN, 9 May 2009, Bratislava, zoopark [7868]. Muránska Planina Plateau: 1 ♂, 20 May 2002, Muráň, Nemecké Lúčky (Hister sp.) [7286]; 1 ♂, 3 DN, 20 May 2002, Muráň, Nemecké Lúčky (T. vernalis) [7286]; 2 ♂♂, 1 DN, 20 May 2002, Muráň, Nemecké Lúčky (A. stercorosus) [7286]. Po ľ ana Mts.: 2 ♂♂, 3 DN, 17 August 1997, Hriňová, Zadná Poľana [7382]. Považský Inovec Mts.: 36 ♀♀, 23 ♂♂, 77 DN, 5 PN, 14 L, 3 May 2009, Modrová [7373]. Slovenský Kras Karst: 6 ♂♂, 6 DN, 28 July 1992, Silica [7489]. Ve ľ ká Fatra Mts.: 4 ♂♂, 2 DN, 21 July 2004 Liptovské Revúce [7081].	en	Mašán, Peter, Halliday, Bruce (2010): Review of the European genera of Eviphididae (Acari: Mesostigmata) and the species occurring in Slovakia 2585. Zootaxa 2585: 1-122
03C73038FFFEFFF744873076FD44569E.taxon	description	Spermathecal apparatus. All components of spermathecal apparatus obscure and scarcely observable. Tubuli annulati long and thin, poorly sclerotised and terminated in a nozzle-like structure; sacculus foemineus unsclerotised. Gnathosoma. Palptarsus with two closely associated macroeupathidia, palptrochanter with bifid anteroventral seta (Fig. 41). Cheliceral segments elongate and thin (Fig. 49), cheliceral digits slender, movable digit with two small subdistal teeth, fixed digit with three small teeth (Fig. 36). Spermatodactyl short and simple, tube-like (Fig. 37). Epistome with elongate central projection and subtriangular base, delicately serrate, without wing-like laterobasal elements (Fig. 44). Legs. Setation of legs I-II-III-IV: coxae 2 - 2 - 2 - 1, trochanters 6 - 5 - 5 - 5, femora 13 - 11 - 6 - 6, genua 11 - 11 - 8 - 7 and tibiae 11 - 10 - 7 - 7 (see Table 3). Male leg segments not spurred. Notes on the genus. The genus Copriphis was only inadequately and very briefly described by Berlese (1910), and its type species Iphis pterophilus has never been described in detail. As a result, the placement of many species of Copriphis and Eviphis has been ambiguous. Many authors have considered Copriphis as a synonym of Eviphis, and placed Berlese's original species of Copriphis in either Eviphis or Pelethiphis. We can now clarify the distinction between Eviphis and Copriphis on the basis of re-descriptions of their type species. We follow Karg (1976), Evans & Till (1979) and Krantz & Ainscough (1990) in considering Eviphis and Copriphis as separate genera, using the characters presented in Table 5. All species of Eviphis are now transferred into Copriphis, with the exception of the type species Eviphis ostrinus. The genus Copriphis as defined in this way constitutes the largest genus of Eviphididae. It currently comprises about 35 recognisable species mainly distributed in tropical and subtropical zones of Africa and Asia (Canestrini & Canestrini 1882 b; Berlese 1882 c, 1910, 1921; Oudemans 1910, 1915; Vitzthum 1926; Ryke & Meyer 1957; Spies & Ryke 1965; Wen 1965; Shoemake & Krantz 1966; Petrova & Taskaeva 1968; Bhattacharyya 1971, 1992; Costa 1974, 1975; Davydova 1979; Ma & Piao 1981; Ishikawa 1984; Zhou et al. 1990 a, 1990 b; Yang & Gu 1991; Arutunian 1992 b; Sun et al. 1992; Ramaraju & Mohanasundaram 1996; Tao & Gu 1996; Takaku 1997; Chen & Li 1998; Li et al. 2000). They are usually found in close associations with various coprophagous beetles, mainly Scarabaeoidea. Two recognisable species are reported from Europe and only one from Slovakia. Some authors have placed other European species in the genus Copriphis, either explicitly or through the synonymy of other genera, namely Eumaeus pyrobolus Koch 1839 (Germany), Uroiphis scabratus Berlese 1903 (Italy), Uroiphis striatus Berlese 1903 (Italy), Copriphis orbinellus Schweizer 1949 (Switzerland), and Copriphis puer Berlese 1910 (Spain). We consider all of these species as either incertae sedis or belonging to other genera or families (see taxonomic summary later in this paper).	en	Mašán, Peter, Halliday, Bruce (2010): Review of the European genera of Eviphididae (Acari: Mesostigmata) and the species occurring in Slovakia 2585. Zootaxa 2585: 1-122
03C73038FFF1FFF7448733BBFC7A532E.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Copriphis falcinellus was described from moss in Sicily by G. & R. Canestrini (1882 b). Under other names, it has been recorded from moss and Scarabaeus beetles in Italy (Berlese 1882 b, 1882 c), from Scarabaeidae in Armenia (Ogandzhanyan 1970), Greece (Castagnoli & Pegazzano 1985), China (Gu & Bai 1990; Ma 1995) and the former USSR (Bregetova 1977 a), and from a rodent nest and phoretic on scarabs in Europe and Asia (Karg 1993). This species has not yet been recorded in Slovakia, but it appears to be widespread in South Europe. We include it here in order to consolidate its synonymy. The single female in the Berlese Acaroteca is labelled Copriphis falcinellus (slide 196 / 7), it is recognisable and in good condition. None of the original slides labelled drepanogaster were found in Florence.	en	Mašán, Peter, Halliday, Bruce (2010): Review of the European genera of Eviphididae (Acari: Mesostigmata) and the species occurring in Slovakia 2585. Zootaxa 2585: 1-122
03C73038FFF1FFF244873079FBA25196.taxon	description	(Figs 34 – 37, 41, 44, 45, 49)	en	Mašán, Peter, Halliday, Bruce (2010): Review of the European genera of Eviphididae (Acari: Mesostigmata) and the species occurring in Slovakia 2585. Zootaxa 2585: 1-122
03C73038FFF1FFF244873079FBA25196.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis (adults). Dorsal idiosoma (Fig. 34). Dorsal shield 730 – 855 µm long and 555 – 660 µm wide in females, 635 – 800 µm long and 455 – 605 µm wide in males, entire, suboval, completely covering dorsal idiosoma, almost completely smooth, small posterolateral areas weakly and irregularly reticulate. Dorsal shield with 30 pairs of setae, setae heterogeneous in length and form: nine pairs of marginal setae elongate and slightly spatulate (r 2, r 3, r 5, s 6, S 1, S 3, S 4, S 5, Z 5), e. g. setae Z 5 80 – 100 µm long; submarginal setae intermediate in length, central setae shortest, minute, 6 – 13 µm long. Vertical setae j 1 27 – 38 µm long, thick and lanceolate, positioned dorsally on vertex. Setae z 1 minute, short and thick, barely discernible on margin of vertex. In male, dorsal setae longer, e. g. j 1 34 – 49 µm, Z 5 90 – 115 µm. Ventral idiosoma (Fig. 35). Presternal platelets present, weakly sclerotised, transversely striate. Sternal shield 170 – 200 µm long and 210 – 245 µm wide, well sclerotised, smooth, bearing three pairs of setae and two pairs of pores; first pair of sternal pores slit-like, oriented transversely, second pair oval. Endopodal platelets II – III completely fused to sternal shield. Endopodal platelets III – IV fused to metasternal platelets, metasternal setae st 4 and adjacent pores situated on relatively large plates abutting epigynal shield. Epigynal shield 105 – 118 µm wide, subrectangular, smooth, genital setae situated close to posterior margin; genital pores inserted in soft integument. Opisthogastric integument with four small post-genital sclerites; metapodal platelets subtriangular, well separated from peritrematal shields. Anal shield 157 – 192 µm long and 140 – 170 µm wide, smooth, subtriangular, with strongly rounded anterior margin and three circum-anal setae; post-anal seta thicker and longer than adanal setae. Exopodal platelets I – III absent, exopodals IV present, narrow and curved. Peritrematal shields well developed along the whole peritreme, smooth, post-stigmatic section greatly enlarged beyond posterior margin of coxa IV; hypertrophied post-stigmatic pores situated close to posterior margin of shields; peritremes long, anterior ends reaching to setae z 1. All ventral setae simple, needle-like. Opisthogastric soft integument simply striated, with ten pairs of setae in female, nine pairs in male. Male with separate sterno-genital (285 – 328 µm long) and anal shield; posterior margin of sterno-genital shield adjacent to small, oval to rectangular ventral platelet (18 – 30 µm long), this platelet without setae or pores (Fig. 45); peritrematal shields wider than those in female and with medial section closely abutting dorsal shield. Gnathosoma. Palptrochanter with bifid anteroventral seta (Fig. 41). Cheliceral segments elongate and thin (Fig. 49), cheliceral digits slender, movable digit with two small subdistal teeth, fixed digit with three or four minute teeth (Fig. 36). Spermatodactyl short and simple, tube-like (Fig. 37). Epistome with elongate central projection and subtriangular base, finely serrate, without wing-like laterobasal elements (Fig. 44). Legs. All leg setae needle-like to spiniform, mostly acuminate, especially some subdistal setae on tarsus II apically rounded. Chaetotaxy of legs typical for genus (Table 3). Legs of male not spurred, but some posterolateral setae thickened.	en	Mašán, Peter, Halliday, Bruce (2010): Review of the European genera of Eviphididae (Acari: Mesostigmata) and the species occurring in Slovakia 2585. Zootaxa 2585: 1-122
03C73038FFF1FFF244873079FBA25196.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Eight slides of this species are present in the Berlese Acaroteca. Berlese did not designate types, but the specimens can be clearly recognised. All the original specimens of C. pterophilus were collected on Copris hispanus, but Berlese (1886) reported this species from Copris lunaris. Six specimens were studied, 4 ♀♀ and 2 deutonymphs, on six slides (107 / 18 – 23), all from Copris hispanus from Italy, Rosignano, Pisa. The female on slide 107 / 18 is in good condition and clearly identifiable. These Italian specimens are in very good agreement with those collected in Slovakia, so we are confident of the identification of the latter. The illustrations of adults of C. pterophilus given by Berlese (1886) lack peritrematal and metapodal shields, but these are present as normal in the studied material. Copriphis pterophilus is an insecticolous species living in close association with the dung beetle Copris lunaris, which is well known for the advanced parental care of its progeny (Mašán & Halliday 2009 b). Adults of C. pterophilus can be found under the elytra of the beetles, but we also obtained numerous specimens from subterranean nest chambers filled with cow dung, or from beetle pupae inside the beetle's maternal brood balls. Copris lunaris colonises usually warm and plain localities in southern part of Slovakia. Occurrence in Slovakia. (a) Verified published data. Trnavská Pahorkatina Wold: Brunovce [7373] (published as Eviphis pterophilus by Mašán 1994 b). (b) New data. Muránska Planina Plateau: 5 ♀♀, 1 ♂, 21 May 2002, Muráň [7286]. Považský Inovec Mts.: 1 ♂, 7 June 1998, Lúka (nest) [7373]. Trnavská Pahorkatina Wold: 3 ♀♀, 4 ♂♂, 23 June 1991, Brunovce, Váh [7373]; 35 ♀♀, 30 ♂♂, 3 DN, 3 August 1994, Brunovce [7373].	en	Mašán, Peter, Halliday, Bruce (2010): Review of the European genera of Eviphididae (Acari: Mesostigmata) and the species occurring in Slovakia 2585. Zootaxa 2585: 1-122
03C73038FFF4FFF044873111FB855196.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis (adults). Dorsal idiosoma. Female idiosoma subglobular, almost hemispherical, subcircular in outline, very weakly sclerotised, smooth and transparent (Fig. 50). Male dorso-ventrally flattened, oval and well sclerotised (Fig. 61). Vertex flat and poorly developed. Female dorsal shield absent, represented only by small anteromedial oval-shaped area of slightly darker sclerotisation, this area with a row of microdenticles on its posterior margin; dorsal setae moderately heterogeneous in length and form, anteromedial setae short and fine; other dorsal setae moderately to distinctly longer, thread-like or needle-like; vertical setae j 1 relatively short and inserted close to anterior margin. Male dorsal shield well developed and sclerotised (Fig. 61), entire, suboval, completely covering dorsal idiosoma, fused to anterior sections of peritrematal shields anterolaterally, with 30 pairs of setae, dorsal shield setae short, needle-like, except longer vertical setae j 1 and shortened J 5 subequal in length; z 1 with ventral position on vertex (Fig. 62). In female, striate soft integument not developed on surface. Pore-like structures small and subcircular; in females three pairs of pores markedly enlarged. Ventral idiosoma (Fig. 56). Presternal platelets absent. In female, most of ventral surface very weakly sclerotised, smooth and transparent. Sternal area without a distinct shield, bearing three pairs of setae and two pairs of pores (Fig. 59). Sternal setae st 1 – st 3 short, relatively thick, thorn-like, subequal in length and each inserted on low protrusion. Genital region more sclerotised, with a pair of metasternal platelets and distinct epigynal shield. Each metasternal platelet with short thorn-like seta and adjacent pore. Epigynal shield relatively small, narrow, rounded posteriorly and bearing a pair of short thorn-like setae; its anterior part is associated with widely formed hyaline margin medially produced into acute point; genital pores not visible. Male sterno-genital shield with four pairs of sternal setae, fused with endopodal platelets II – III; endopodal platelets III – IV separate, not fused to sterno-genital shield, exopodals IV present, metapodals absent. In female, endopodal and exopodal platelets absent; metapodal platelets indistinct. Peritremes well developed and reaching coxae of legs II; peritrematal shields absent in female, well developed in male, with very short post-stigmatic section. Post-genital or post-sternogenital sclerites absent. Anal shield indistinct or absent in female, well sclerotised and subtriangular in male; three needle-like circum-anal setae present; cribrum well developed. Lateral and opisthogastric integument with ten pairs of setae in female, seven pairs in male (excluding st 5, situated on soft integument between coxae IV). Gnathosoma. Palptarsus without paired macroeupathidia. Cheliceral segments moderately short and stout, cheliceral digits relatively robust (especially in deutonymphs); movable digit with two subdistal teeth in female (Fig. 52), with one robust subdistal tooth in male. Male with short club-like spermatodactyl, directed sideways. Epistome with widened, straight or roof-like base, produced into massive central projection and two to four shorter lateral spines on each side of the projection; projection lanceolate, spinate basally and barbed distally (Figs 54, 55, 60). Legs. Setation of legs I-II-III-IV: coxae 2 - 2 - 2 - 1, trochanters 6 - 5 - 5 - 5, femora 13 - 10 / 11 - 6 - 6, genua 11 - 10 - 8 - 7 and tibiae 11 - 9 - 7 - 7 (Table 3). In female, lateral lobes of pulvillus on legs II – IV modified, elongated and distally pointed, projecting beyond claws. Legs of male with no spur-like setae. Notes on the genus. The genus Crassicheles was originally described by Karg (1963), on the basis of the deutonymph only, with type species Iphidoides concentricus Oudemans 1904. We have now found that I. concentricus is a synonym of Uroiphis striatus Berlese 1903, but we retain Crassicheles as a separate monotypic genus. In this generic concept, the genus differs from the related genera Neocrassicheles and Uroiphis by the features listed in Table 6. Three other species have been placed in Crassicheles by other authors, namely C. bacillatus (Athias-Henriot 1980), C. greeni Evans 1980, and C. holsaticus (Willmann 1937), but we here transfer these species into Uroiphis. Crassicheles has been recorded mainly from the European continent, with a few additional records from some sites in the south-eastern Palaearctic. The only known species is phoretic on flies, and occurs in dung and other temporary deposits of rotting organic matter.	en	Mašán, Peter, Halliday, Bruce (2010): Review of the European genera of Eviphididae (Acari: Mesostigmata) and the species occurring in Slovakia 2585. Zootaxa 2585: 1-122
03C73038FFF6FFEC44873111FE3E55D6.taxon	description	(Figs 50 – 57, 59 – 64, 171 and 173)	en	Mašán, Peter, Halliday, Bruce (2010): Review of the European genera of Eviphididae (Acari: Mesostigmata) and the species occurring in Slovakia 2585. Zootaxa 2585: 1-122
03C73038FFF6FFEC44873111FE3E55D6.taxon	diagnosis	Amendments to diagnosis (adults and deutonymph). Female (Figs 50 – 53, 55, 56, 59, 60). Idiosoma 557 µm long and 489 µm wide; vertical setae j 1 14 – 17 µm long; the shortest anteromedial dorsal setae 8 – 12 µm in length, and the longest idiosomal setae 40 – 45 µm in length; sternal setae 15 – 20 µm long. Male (Figs 54, 61, 62). Dorsal idiosoma (Fig. 61). Dorsal shield 315 – 350 µm long and 240 – 260 µm wide, elliptical, entire, completely covering dorsal surface, longitudinally striated in lateral parts and smooth medially. Seta j 1 16 – 24 µm long, j 5 12 – 15 µm long, J 3 13 – 16 µm long; J 5 3 – 6 µm long, Z 5 8 – 11 µm long. Dorsal shield fused with anterior ends of peritrematal shields anterolaterally at level of anterior margin of coxae II. Ventral idiosoma (Fig. 62). Sterno-genital and anal shield separate; sterno-genital shield oblong, anterior margin undulating, tapered and acuminate posteriorly, distinctly reticulate over whole surface, with four pairs of subequal needle-like setae and three pairs of pores. Exopodals IV narrow, curved. Peritrematal shields moderately widened medially, with short post-stigmatic section. Anal shield subtriangular to subcircular, wider than long, 57 – 67 µm in length and 67 – 77 µm in width, with relatively large anus and three needle-like circum-anal setae; post-anal seta slightly shorter than adanals. Opisthogastric soft integument with seven pairs of setae. Deutonymph (Figs 57, 63, 64, 171, 173). Idiosoma suboval, dorso-ventrally flattened. Sexual dimorphism of dorsal and ventral chaetotaxy well developed. Female deutonymph with slightly longer dorsal setae and more numerous setae on lateral and opisthogastric soft integument than male deutonymph. Dorsal idiosoma (Fig. 63). Dorsal shield 315 – 390 µm long and 230 – 280 µm wide, entire, covering whole dorsum, bearing 30 pairs of setae, surface coarsely and irregularly ornamented; medial region densely reticulate; lateral parts with longitudinal striation. Dorsal setae relatively long and needle-like, only vertical setae j 1 lance-like; z 1 minute, inserted ventrally. Seta j 1 21 – 32 µm long; j 3 33 – 38 µm long, j 4 36 – 41 µm long, j 5 35 – 46 µm long, J 3 39 – 51 µm long, J 5 26 – 35 µm long, and Z 5 27 – 32 µm long. Ventral idiosoma (Fig. 64). Presternal platelets absent. Sternal shield relatively large, oblong to subtriangular, well sclerotised, 114 – 140 µm long, surface reticulate, anterior margin undulating, posterior margin tapered and acuminate, bearing four pairs of setae and three pairs of pores. Endopodal platelets II-III and III- IV separate, free on soft integument, not fused to sternal shield. Sternal setae st 5 placed on soft integument close to posterior margin of sternal shield. Post-genital sclerites and metapodal platelets absent. Anal shield subtriangular to subcircular, wider than long, 59 – 65 µm in length, 66 – 77 µm in width, weakly striate, with relatively large anus and three subequal needle-like circum-anal setae. Exopodal platelets I – III absent, exopodals IV present, narrow and curved. Peritrematal shields strongly reduced, very narrow; peritremes well developed, thickened and nodulated close to stigma, anterior ends reaching lateral margin of coxa I; post-stigmatic pore distinct, placed on soft integument. Lateral and opisthogastric soft integument with ten pairs of setae in female deutonymphs (Fig. 57), with seven pairs of setae in male deutonymphs (Fig. 64, in both excluding st 5 setae); all ventral setae simple, short and needle-like. Gnathosoma. Cheliceral segments and digits relatively stout and robust (Fig. 171). Epistome as in Fig. 173.	en	Mašán, Peter, Halliday, Bruce (2010): Review of the European genera of Eviphididae (Acari: Mesostigmata) and the species occurring in Slovakia 2585. Zootaxa 2585: 1-122
03C73038FFF6FFEC44873111FE3E55D6.taxon	discussion	Remarks. There are five slides and 26 specimens (2 ♂♂ and 24 DNs) of this species, labelled Uroiphis striatus, in the Berlese Acaroteca. They are mostly in good condition and clearly visible. Berlese did not designate types for this species, but on the basis of his original description, the specimens from Portici (slides 13 / 19 – 20 and 21 / 50) undoubtedly belong to the authentic syntype material of Berlese. There are also a further three slides also labelled Uroiphis striatus (159 / 12 – 14) bearing two deutonymphs of Uroiphis scabratus collected from Sardinia in 1915, thus collected after the original description of U. striatus by Berlese in 1903. Examination of these slides showed that U. striatus is clearly conspecific with the Palaearctic species commonly identified as Crassicheles concentricus. Crassicheles striatus was known only from descriptions of the male and deutonymphal stages (Berlese 1903; Karg 1963; Samšiňák 1984), to which we now add the description of the female. The male has the normal complement of 30 pairs of dorsal shield setae (Fig. 61). Our description of the female is based on two specimens, one of which is fragmented. The intact female has 56 dorsal shield setae, which are provisionally identified in Fig. 50. Some of the setae are in unusual positions, possibly caused by the soft unsclerotised nature of the idiosoma. Seta Z 3 is missing from the right side of the specimen, represented only by its insertion. Seta Z 4 is completely missing from the left side. One of the pairs of S setae is missing from both sides of the specimen, either S 4 or S 5. Clarification of the true presence or absence of these setae will depend on collection of more females. This is a common and abundant species with affinity for strongly decayed organic substrates such as dunghills and stable manure, or strongly rotted plant remains. It is most abundant in fresh excrements of large herbivorous animals, and rotting dung with a high water content. Deutonymphs, and sometimes males, are frequently found on various Diptera, especially on coprophilous Sphaeroceridae. The female specimen reported from Bukovské Vrchy Hills (Kalná Roztoka Village, Havešová Forest), labelled Crassicheles concentricus, and mentioned by Fenďa & Mašán (2003), belongs to the species Rafaphis microsternalis. Occurrence in Slovakia. (a) Verified or reliable published data. Kremnické Vrchy Hills: Turček [7279] (Samšiňák 1984). Žitavská Pahorkatina Wold: Veľké Janíkovce [7477] (Sidor 1986). (b) New data. Borská Nížina Lowland: 2 DN, 23 May 2009, Veľké Leváre [7468]. Malé Karpaty Mts.: 4 DN, 14 May 1993, Bratislava, zoopark [7868]; 1 ♂, 1 DN, 9 May 2009, Bratislava, zoopark [7868]. Muránska Planina Plateau: 2 DN, 28 August 2002, Muráň, Studňa [7286]. Podunajská Rovina Flatland: 8 ♂♂, 11 DN, 26 May 1993, Bratislava, Podunajské Biskupice [7869]; 2 ♀♀, 2 ♂♂, 3 DN, 18 May 2009, Bratislava, Podunajské Biskupice [7869]. Považský Inovec Mts.: 1 DN, 3 May 2009, Modrová [7373]. Trnavská Pahorkatina Wold: 2 DN, 12 April 1992, Lúka [7373]; 17 DN, 25 April 1993, Horná Streda [7373]; 1 DN, 2 May 1993, Brunovce (Aphodius) [7373]; 2 DN, 2 May 1993, Brunovce (Ontholestes) [7373]; 3 DN, 2 May 1993, Brunovce (Physiphora) [7373]; 76 ♂♂, 111 DN, 2 May 1993, Horná Streda [7373]; 1 DN, 5 October 1997, Horná Streda [7373].	en	Mašán, Peter, Halliday, Bruce (2010): Review of the European genera of Eviphididae (Acari: Mesostigmata) and the species occurring in Slovakia 2585. Zootaxa 2585: 1-122
03C73038FFEAFFEA44873151FC02555E.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis (adults). Dorsal idiosoma. Idiosoma highly domed, almost hemispherical. Dorsal shield entire, subcircular, smooth, without sculpture, completely covering dorsal idiosoma, never expanded ventrally, without distinct vertex. Dorsal shield with 30 pairs of simple, short, needle-like setae; all dorsal setae subequal in length; vertical setae j 1 minute, inserted dorsally. Sexual dimorphism of dorsal chaetotaxy absent. Some dorsal pore-like structures hypertrophied, suboval. Ventral idiosoma. Presternal platelets free from sternal shield, small, weakly sclerotised, usually transversely striate. Sternal shield well sclerotised, ornamented with a pattern of transverse lines, bearing three pairs of setae and two pairs of pores; pores slightly hypertrophied, slit-like, oriented transversely. Endopodal platelets II – III completely fused to sternal shield. Endopodal platelets III – IV usually free in soft integument, or fused to metasternal platelets, metasternal seta st 4 and adjacent pore may be situated on small metasternal platelet or larger metasternal-endopodal complex. Epigynal shield strongly narrowed anteriorly, vase-shaped, often widened posteriorly, with a pair of posteriorly placed genital setae; genital pores in soft integument. Post-genital sclerites absent. Anal shield subtriangular, with widely rounded anterior margin and three subequal setae. Exopodal platelets II – IV present, well developed. Metapodal platelets usually present, free in soft integument. Peritrematal shields well developed along the whole peritreme; post-stigmatic section of peritrematal shields greatly enlarged behind coxae IV; hypertrophied post-stigmatic pore situated about half-way between stigma and posterior end of peritrematal shield, or absent; peritremes long, anterior ends reaching beyond coxae I. All ventral idiosomal setae short and smooth. Soft opisthogastric integument reduced to narrow strips between epigynal, peritrematal and anal shields. Male with separate sterno-genital, ventral and anal shields; ventral shield usually large, subrectangular, with anterior margin closely adjacent to sterno-genital shield, bearing one pair of setae; ventral shield rarely fragmented into two small shields without setae. Gnathosoma. Palptarsus with two closely associated macroeupathidia. Cheliceral segments long and thin, cheliceral digits slender, movable digit with two small subdistal teeth, fixed digit with subdistal ampulla-like sensillum. Spermatodactyl simple, tube-like. Epistome with elongated central projection and subtriangular base, delicately pilose, without wing-like laterobasal elements. Legs. Setation of legs I-II-III-IV: coxae 2 - 2 - 2 - 1, trochanters 5 - 5 - 5 - 5, femora 12 - 11 - 6 - 6, genua 10 - 9 - 7 - 7 and tibiae 9 - 8 - 7 - 7 (see Table 3). Notes on the genus. Karg (1963) erected this genus to accommodate the type species Eviphis uropodinus. He based the diagnosis of the new genus especially on the possession of a three-tined palp tarsal claw, characters of the hypostome and chelicera, the dorsal chaetotaxy, and the peculiar shape and positions of the ventral shields. Shoemake (1970) examined material of Evimirus uropodinus, including three specimens identified by Karg, and was unable to find a specimen with a three-tined apotele. He therefore considered Evimirus to be a synonym of Eviphis, and this decision was followed by some other authors (e. g. Bregetova 1977 a). We regard these two genera as separate, despite the very variable arrangement of ventral shields and platelets among the known representatives of Evimirus. The characters that separate the two genera are detailed in Table 7. Undoubtedly, the genus Evimirus needs a thorough revision. There are seven known species in the genus, mostly from tropical and subtropical areas of Argentina (Karg 1979), Java and India (Berlese 1913 a; Bhattacharyya 1966, 1971), New Caledonia (Karg 1996), New Guinea (Hirschmann 1975), Saint Lucia (Karg 1989), and Australia (Halliday, personal observations). The only species that occurs in Europe, E. uropodinus (Berlese 1903), is reported from Italy (Berlese 1903), Germany (Karg 1965), the United States (Shoemake 1970), Ukraine (Crimean Peninsula) and Georgia (Bregetova 1977 a), Great Britain (Evans & Till 1979), Japan (Ishikawa 1979; Nakamura et al. 2006), China (Ma et al. 1999), South Korea (Kaczmarek & Lee 2000), Iran (Pakyari et al. 2006) and Croatia (Kaczmarek et al. 2009). Evimirus convergens (Berlese 1913 a) was wrongly reported from Italy by Bhattacharyya (1971), and this incorrect record from South Europe was repeated by Karg (1989, 1993).	en	Mašán, Peter, Halliday, Bruce (2010): Review of the European genera of Eviphididae (Acari: Mesostigmata) and the species occurring in Slovakia 2585. Zootaxa 2585: 1-122
03C73038FFECFFEA448736C9FDBC5788.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Evimirus uropodinus has not yet been reported from Slovakia, but is widespread in warmer regions of South Europe. There are nine slides of this species in the Berlese Acaroteca, viz. 3 / 4 – 5 (type), 144 / 5 – 7, 146 / 37, 151 / 2, 174 / 46 and 191 / 22, all from moss and litter in Italy (Cansiglio, Cison di Valmarino, Treviso, Firenze, San Vincenzo, Pisa, Varese), but only five of them contain observable specimens (8 ♀♀ and 1 ♂), viz. 3 / 4 – 5, 151 / 2, 174 / 46, 191 / 22. This species is well-known and can be recognised from the descriptions and illustrations in the papers listed above.	en	Mašán, Peter, Halliday, Bruce (2010): Review of the European genera of Eviphididae (Acari: Mesostigmata) and the species occurring in Slovakia 2585. Zootaxa 2585: 1-122
03C73038FFECFFEB44873314FE6E51FE.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis (adults). Dorsal idiosoma (Fig. 65). Idiosoma highly domed, almost hemispherical. Dorsal shield entire, subcircular, smooth, without sculpture, completely covering dorsal idiosoma, never expanded ventrally, with simple flat vertex fused only with very narrow anterior sections of peritrematal shields. Dorsal shield with 30 pairs of simple, needle-like setae, dorsal setae slightly heterogeneous in length: marginal setae moderately longer than medial and submarginal setae. Setae j 1 minute, subequal with the shortest dorsal setae, inserted dorsally. Setae z 1 very minute and stout, scarcely visible, in marginal position on vertex. Sexual dimorphism of dorsal chaetotaxy absent. Some dorsal pore-like structures hypertrophied, suboval, conspicuous. Ventral idiosoma (Fig. 66). Presternal platelets small, weakly sclerotised, transversely striate. Sternal shield well sclerotised, bearing three pairs of setae and two pairs of pores; pores slightly hypertrophied, slitlike, oriented transversely. Endopodal platelets II – III completely fused to sternal shield. Endopodal platelets III – IV fused to metasternal platelets, metasternal seta st 4 and adjacent pore located on relatively large plate abutting anterolateral margin of epigynal shield. Epigynal shield relatively wide posteriorly, tapered anteriorly, genital setae situated submedially; genital pores inserted in soft integument. Four small post-genital sclerites present. Anal shield subtriangular, with widely rounded anterior margin and three subequal setae. Exopodal platelets I – III absent, exopodals IV present, narrow and curved. Metapodal platelets completely or partly fused with peritrematal shields, occasionally unfused but enclosed within an indentition in peritrematal shield and only very narrowly separated from it (Fig. 72). Peritrematal shields well developed along the whole peritreme, anterior section fused to dorsal shield to form a narrow arch-like structure below the vertex; poststigmatic section of peritrematal shields greatly enlarged behind coxae IV; hypertrophied post-stigmatic pore situated about half-way between stigma and posterior end of peritrematal shield; peritremes long, anterior ends reaching to setae z 1. All ventral idiosomal setae short and simple. Lateral and opisthogastric soft integument simply striated, with nine pairs of setae in females (one Jv absent), seven pairs in males. Male with separate sterno-genital, ventral and anal shields (Fig. 69). Ventral shield large, irregular and variable in shape (Figs 70, 71), anterior margin abutting sterno-genital shield, with two pairs of setae (Jv 1, Jv 2) and a pair of pores. Spermathecal apparatus. Tubuli annulati long and thin, weakly sclerotised; sacculus foemineus well developed and sclerotised, large and sac-like (Figs 67, 73). Gnathosoma. Palptarsus with two closely associated macroeupathidia (Fig. 77), palptrochanter with normal needle like setae. Cheliceral segments long and thin (Fig. 48), cheliceral digits slender, movable digit with two small subdistal teeth, fixed digit with subdistal ampulla-like sensillum. Spermatodactyl short and simple, tube-like (Fig. 74). Epistome with elongate central projection and subtriangular base, delicately serrate, without wing-like laterobasal elements; base with semi-arched pattern of ornamentation (Fig. 68). Legs. Setation of legs I-II-III-IV: coxae 2 - 2 - 2 - 1, trochanters 5 - 5 - 5 - 5, femora 12 - 11 - 6 - 6, genua 11 - 11 - 7 - 7 and tibiae 11 - 10 - 7 - 7 (see Table 3). Male legs without spurs; femur II with modified ventral seta, this seta strongly thickened, columnar and with rounded tip (Fig. 75). Notes on the genus. The type species of Eviphis, E. ostrinus, was first described under the generic name Iphis Koch 1835. This name is not available because it is a junior homonym of Iphis Meigen 1800 (Diptera). Numerous subsequent authors, including Canestrini and Berlese, were unaware of this, and described many further species of Eviphididae under the generic name Iphis. There has been some confusion about the identity of the type species of Eviphis. Evans (1957 a), Karg (1963, 1971, 1976, 1993), Bregetova (1977 a), and Evans & Till (1979) give Eumaeus pyrobolus (C. L. Koch 1839) (= Iphis pyrobolus) as the type species, while Baker & Wharton (1952) and Ryke & Meyer (1957) cited the type species as Iphis ostrinus C. L. Koch 1835 (with the incorrect date 1839). Shoemake (1970) reviewed the history of these species as well as the origin of the genera Iphis C. L. Koch 1835, Eumaeus C. L. Koch 1843 and Eviphis Berlese 1903. He argued persuasively that I. ostrinus is the type species of Eviphis. Furthermore, I. pyrobolus is a dubious species with practically unknown morphology. The genus Eviphis is here considered to be monotypic, following Mašán & Halliday (2009 a). Eviphis is separated from Copriphis by the characters in couplet 8 of the key to genera for females, in couplet 4 of the key to genera for males, and in Table 5. All of the beetle-associated species originally described under the name Eviphis are now placed in Copriphis. We have examined several species originally placed in Eviphis, collected from various coprophagous scarabaeids, and found that they meet the generic diagnosis of Copriphis, not Eviphis. Under this definition, the monotypic genus Eviphis is known from Europe and some adjacent regions in Asia.	en	Mašán, Peter, Halliday, Bruce (2010): Review of the European genera of Eviphididae (Acari: Mesostigmata) and the species occurring in Slovakia 2585. Zootaxa 2585: 1-122
03C73038FFEDFFE444873139FF0A539E.taxon	description	(Figs 48, 65 – 77)	en	Mašán, Peter, Halliday, Bruce (2010): Review of the European genera of Eviphididae (Acari: Mesostigmata) and the species occurring in Slovakia 2585. Zootaxa 2585: 1-122
03C73038FFEDFFE444873139FF0A539E.taxon	diagnosis	Amendments to diagnosis (adults). Dorsal idiosoma. Dorsal shield 470 – 565 µm long and 380 – 475 µm wide in females, 415 – 450 µm long and 330 – 365 µm wide in males. Setae j 1 7 – 12 µm long, Z 5 27 – 33 µm long in females and 16 – 24 µm long in males. Ventral idiosoma. Ventral shields without sculptural pattern on surface, except sternal shield with a curved transverse line between setae st 1 and st 2. Sternal shield 92 – 118 µm long, epigynal shield 61 – 96 µm wide, sterno-genital shield 163 – 179 µm long, male ventral shield 50 – 68 µm long and 100 – 117 µm wide, anal shield 100 – 125 µm long and 94 – 132 µm wide in females, 87 – 104 µm long and 91 – 112 µm wide in males.	en	Mašán, Peter, Halliday, Bruce (2010): Review of the European genera of Eviphididae (Acari: Mesostigmata) and the species occurring in Slovakia 2585. Zootaxa 2585: 1-122
03C73038FFEDFFE444873139FF0A539E.taxon	discussion	Remarks. As understood here, the genus Eviphis contains only the type species E. ostrinus. The diagnosis of the species is therefore the same as that for the genus (see above) and need not be repeated. The same applies to the other monotypic genera in this systematic account, namely Alloseius, Crassicheles, Halolaspis, Neocrassicheles, Pseudoalliphis, Rafaphis, Scamaphis and Scarabacariphis. Eviphis ostrinus appears to have very wide ecological plasticity. It is the most common and most widely distributed eviphidid in Slovakia. It occurs especially in soil microhabitats with high content of raw humus and plant remnants, in leaf and needle litter, heterogeneous soil detritus, moss, and the rhizosphere of herbs, occasionally also in ant-hills, nests of vertebrates and bumble-bees, under loose bark of old trees, and in rotting wood. It occurs from lowlands (100 m in Východoslovenská rovina plain) up to the to alpine zone (2,000 m in Vysoké Tatry Mts, Slovakia; 2,355 m in Stelvio Pass, Rheatian Alps in Italy), but is most abundantly distributed in area up to an altitude of 1,100 m (Fig. 76). It is abundant in various non-woodland and woodland habitats such as grasslands, meadows, pastures, windbreaks, ruderals, shrubs, glades and forests; but it can also penetrate into cultivated landscape areas (orchards, gardens and other artificial habitats). It inhabits both thermophilous deciduous and psychrophilous coniferous forests, and it is a significant component of the Mesostigmata communities in wetlands (willow-poplar flood-plain forests, alder woods, peat-bogs, humid riverine alluvia, littoral reed growths, growths of Petasites spp., marshes, etc.), as well as in dwarf pine forests in the montaneous territory above the timber-line. It is less frequent in xerothermophilous steppes and forest steppes. It is not commonly phoretic, but Haitlinger (1999, 2004) reports its occasional phoresy on the beetles Anoplotrupes stercorosus (Geotrupidae) and Nicrophorus humator (Silphidae). Occurrence in Slovakia. (a) Verified or reliable published data: Biele Karpaty Mts.: Luborča [6974] (Ambros 1985). Nová Bošáca, Predpoloma [7072] (Ambros 1986 a). Borská Nížina Lowland: Jakubov, Jakubovské Rybníky [7567] (Fenďa 2005; Fenďa & Schniererová 2005). Malacky, Vinohrádok [7567] (Krištofík et al. 2005). Plavecký Štvrtok, Bezedné [7668] (Kalúz 1994 c). Bukovské Vrchy Hills: Ulič, Mikošova Dolina [7000] (Ambros & Stanko 1989; Stanko 1995; Fenďa & Mašán 2003). Kalná Roztoka, Havešová [6999]; Kolbasov, Bzaná [6900]; Kolbasov, Ulička Pod Tlstým [7000]; Nová Sedlica, Dolina Zbojského Potoka [6901]; Nová Sedlica, Stužica, Krtia Lúka [6901]; Nová Sedlica, Vrch Hrbu [6901]; Runina, Ďurkovec [6800]; Ruský Potok, Pod Veľkým Bukovcom [6900]; Topoľa, Pod Havešovou [6999]; Ulič [7000]; Ulič, Uličská Ostrá [7000]; Zboj, Bystriansky Jarok [6901]; Zboj, Riaba Skala [6800]; Zboj, Stinská [7001]; Zboj, Oblazy [6900]; Zboj, Sušice [6901]; Zboj, Za Hlbokým [6900] (Fenďa & Mašán 2003). Č ierna Hora Mts.: Kavečany, ZOO Košice [7293] (Stanko 1990 a, 1990 c). Ipe ľ ská Pahorkatina Wold: Žemberovce [7778] (Kalúz 1994 a). Javorie Mts.: without collection data (Stanko 1989). Zaježová, Priečne [7581] (Stanko 1990 b). Krupinská Planina Plateau: without collection data (Stanko 1989). Levo č ské Vrchy Hills: VVP Javorina [?] (Stanko et al. 1997). Malá Fatra Mts.: Kraľovany, Šrámková [6880] (Kalúz & Žuffa 1986). Terchová, Rozsutec [6780] (Kalúz 1998 b). Terchová, Rozsutec, Nové Diery [6780] (Krumpál et al. 1998). Malé Karpaty Mts.: Bratislava, Devín, Devínska Kobyla [7867]; Bratislava, Devín, Devínska Lesostep [7867]; Bratislava, Devín, Fialková Dolina [7867]; Bratislava, Devín, Štokeravská Vápenka [7867] (Kalúz 2005). Bratislava, Železná Studienka [7768] (Ambros & Kalúz 1987). Lošonec [7570] (Fenďa & Ciceková 2005). Ondavská Vrchovina Highland: Ruská Poruba [6896] (Mrciak 1963). Pieniny Mts.: Haligovce, Biela Skala [6688] (Ambros & Stanko 1993). Podunajská Rovina Flatland: Bodíky, Bodícka Brána [8070] (Kalúz 1997). Bratislava, Podunajské Biskupice, Ostrov Kopáč [7968] (Kalúz 2007). Dolný Štál [8072] (Krištofík et al. 2001). Gabčíkovo, Istragov [8171] (Kalúz 1995). Jurová [8071] (Čarnogurský et al. 1994). Rusovce [7968] (Ambros & Kalúz 1987). Svätý Jur, Šúr, Šúrsky Rybník [7769] (Fenďa 2005). Pohronský Inovec Mts.: Veľká Lehota, Bujakov Vrch [7577] (Ambros 1987). Popradská Kotlina Basin: Tatranské Matliare [6887] (Mrciak & Rosický 1956). Považské Podolie Plain: Predmier [6777] (Ambros 1985). Revúcka Vrchovina Highland: Lehota Nad Rimavicou, Rimavica [7485] (Ambros et al. 1985). Slanské Vrchy Hills: Hermanovce, Hermanovská Dolina [7094]; Kokošovce [7094] (Stanko 1988). Slovenský Kras Karst: Hačava, Zádielska Planina, Grečov Vrch [7390] (Kalúz 1998 a). Plešivec, Nízka Planina [7388] (Dudich et al. 1987). Rožňava, Brzotín [7389] (Ambros 1993). Silica, Pod Fabiankou [7489] (Kalúz 1992). Silica, Silická Ľadnica [7489] (Kalúz 1993). Silická Brezová, Jaskyňa Milada [7488] (Papáč et al. 2006). Spišská Magura Mts.: without collection data (Kramárová 1973). Spišsko - Šarišské Medzihorie Hills: Plaveč, Plavečské Štrkoviská [6791] (Stanko & Fričová 1996). Štiavnické Vrchy Hills: Banská Štiavnica, Počúvadlo [7579] (Ambros 1988). Stolické Vrchy Hills: Muránska Zdychava, Dolina Ráztoka [7286] (Ambros 1986 b). Tríbe č Mts.: Hostie, Hlboká Dolina [7477] (Ambros 1984). Trnavská Pahorkatina Wold: Pezinok [7669] (Kalúz 1994 b). Ve ľ ká Fatra Mts.: Ľubochňa, Skalná Alpa [7081] (Kalúz & Žuffová 1989). Volovské Vrchy Hills: Hýľov, Hlboká Dolina [7292] (Stanko 1988). Hýľov, Zlatá Idka [7292] (Stanko 1987; Stanko et al. 1992). Štós, Porča [7291] (Stanko et al. 1992). Východoslovenská Pahorkatina Wold: without collection data (Mrciak 1977). Východoslovenská Rovina Flatland: Boťany, Latorický Luh [7598] (Stanko 1999). Trebišov, Nový Majer [7396] (Stanko et al. 1993, Stanko 1997). Vysoké Tatry Mts.: Horný Smokovec [6887]; Nový Smokovec [6887]; Tatranská Javorina [6786]; Tatranská Javorina, Javorová Dolina [6786] (Mrciak 1958, 1974). Starý Smokovec, Sedlo Prielom, Veľká Studená Dolina [6887] (Mrciak 1974). Západné Tatry Mts.: Podbanské, Tichá Dolina [6884] (Ambros 1989). Without specific data: Fenďa et al. (1998 b). (b) New data. Belianske Tatry Mts.: 2 DN, 12 July 2005, Tatranská Javorina, Široké Sedlo [6787]. Biele Karpaty Mts.: 1 ♀, 3 October 1999, Nová Bošáca (compost) [7173]; 2 ♀♀, 3 October 1999, Nová Bošáca, Dúžnik [7173]. Bodvianska Pahorkatina Wold: 1 ♀, 1 ♂, 22 June 2005, Hubovo, Hubovská [7688]; 1 ♀, 22 June 2005, Hubovo, Ozvena [7588]. Borská Nížina Lowland: 3 ♀♀, 1 ♂, 26 August 1997, Plavecký Štvrtok (ant-hill) [7668]; 2 ♀♀, 1 ♂, 1 DN, 8 April 1998, Stupava [7768]; 3 ♀♀, 1 DN, 8 April 1998, Suchohrad [7567]; 1 ♀, 4 August 1999, Záhorská Ves [7667]; 4 ♀♀, 1 ♂, 1 DN, 25 April 2000, Stupava [7768]; 11 ♀♀, 2 ♂♂, 5 DN, 25 September 2000, Stupava [7768]; 2 ♀♀, 1 ♂, 31 March 2002, Tomky, Červený Rybník [7468]; 1 ♀, 27 June 2002, Malé Leváre, Stará Morava [7467]; 4 ♀♀, 10 April 2004, Tomky, Dolná Studená Voda (Alnetum) [7468]; 1 ♀, 10 April 2004, Tomky, Dolná Studená Voda (Pinion) [7468]; 2 ♀♀, 29 June 2004, Gajary Village, Kopanica [7567]. Burda Hills: 2 ♀♀, 9 November 1997, Kamenica Nad Hronom, Kováčovské Kopce-juh [8178]; 1 ♀, 1 ♂, 29 July 2002, Chľaba (Carpinion) [8178]; 2 ♀♀, 29 July 2002, Chľaba (Quercetum) [8178]. Č ergov Mts.: 14 ♀♀, 1 DN, 26 July 1997, Olejníkov, Tokáreň [6892]. Horehronské Podolie Basin: 7 ♀♀, 4 DN, 22 May 2002, Zlatno, Zlatnianske Skalky, Havraník [7186]. Hronská Pahorkatina Wold: 1 DN, 25 May 2004, Čifáre, Patianska Cerina [7776]. Ipe ľ ská Pahorkatina Wold: 2 ♀♀, 25 May 2004, Horša, Horšianska Dolina [7778]. Javorníky Mts.: 4 ♀♀, 1 ♂, 2 DN, 1 July 1997, Turzovka, Turkov (Piceetum) [6677]; 3 ♀♀, 2 DN, 1 July 1997, Turzovka, Turkov (Piceo - Fagetum) [6677]. Kozie Chrbty Mts.: 2 ♀♀, 3 DN, 9 July 2003, Svit, Lopušná Dolina [7986]; 2 ♀♀, 9 July 2003, Svit, Lopušná Dolina, Tabličky [7986]; 1 ♀, 11 September 2004, Východná, Muránsko [6985]. Malá Fatra Mts.: 2 ♂♂, 1 DN, 11 June 1997, Šútovo, Chleb [6880]; 9 ♀♀, 2 DN, 11 June 1997, Šútovo, Šútovská Dolina [6880]; 4 ♀♀, 3 DN, 11 June 1997, Šútovo, Šútovský Vodopád [6880]. Malé Karpaty Mts.: 2 ♀♀, 20 May 1994 Bratislava, Železná Studienka [7768]; 2 ♀♀, 1 DN, 8 March 1997, Bratislava, zoopark [7868]; 2 ♀♀, 3 DN, 18 June 1997, Horné Orešany, Majdán [7570]; 1 ♀, 30 July 1997, Bratislava, Devín, Devínska Kobyla [7867]; 3 ♀♀, 2 DN, 21 August 1997, Častá, Červený Kameň [7569]; 1 ♀, 21 August 1997, Horné Orešany, Majdán [7570]; 1 ♀, 2 May 2004, Borinka, Klčovanice [7768]. Moravsko - Sliezske Beskydy Mts.: 1 ♀, 30 July 1997, Klokočov, Malý Polom [6577]. Muránska Planina Plateau: 1 ♀, 9 August 1997, Muráň, Hrdzavá Dolina (IC) [7286]; 2 ♀♀, 1 ♂, 2 DN, 9 August 1997, Muráň, Hrdzavá Dolina (litter) [7286]; 2 ♀♀, 2 ♂♂, 6 DN, 9 August 1997, Muráň, Kľak [7285]; 2 ♀♀, 20 May 2002, Muránska Huta, Mokrá Poľana (Piceetum) [7286]; 2 DN, 21 May 2002, Muráň, Poludnica, Suchý Dol [7286]; 1 ♀, 22 May 2002, Červená Skala, Trsteník (wood detritus) [7186]; 7 ♀♀, 26 August 2002, Muráň, Martinova Dolina, Šarkanica (detritus) [7285]; 3 ♀♀, 26 August 2002, Muráň, Martinova Dolina, Šarkanica (moss) [7285]; 2 ♀♀, 26 August 2002, Tisovec, Suché Doly (litter) [7385]; 1 ♀, 26 August 2002, Tisovec, Suché Doly (moss) [7385]; 2 ♀♀, 26 August 2002, Tisovec, Hlboký Jarok [7385]; 1 ♀, 27 August 2002, Muráň, Javorníková Dolina [7286]; 3 ♀♀, 8 October 2002, Závadka Nad Hronom, Dudlavka [7285]; 4 ♀♀, 8 October 2002, Závadka Nad Hronom, Malá Stožka [7285]; 1 ♀, 8 October 2002, Závadka Nad Hronom, Veľká Stožka [7285]; 1 ♂, 8 October 2002, Závadka Nad Hronom, Veľká Stožka, Birčiareň [7285]. Nitrianska Pahorkatina Wold: 1 DN, 28 June 2004, Nemečky, Kulháň [7274]. Nízke Tatry Mts.: 1 ♀, 1 DN, 17 August 1997, Liptovská Lúžna (moss) [7082]; 2 ♀♀, 17 August 1997, Liptovská Lúžna (IC) [7082]; 2 ♀♀, 1 ♂, 2 DN, 17 August 1997, Liptovská Lúžna, Košarisko [7182]; 1 ♀, 1 DN, 18 August 1997, Liptovská Lúžna [7082]; 3 ♀♀, 1 DN, 26 August 1999, Bystrá, Trangoška (Fagus) [7083]; 1 ♀, 3 DN, 26 August 1999, Bystrá, Trangoška (Petasites) [7083]. Ondavská Vrchovina Highland: 3 ♀♀, 1 ♂, 9 July 2002, Zborov, Zborovský Hradný Vrch [6693]; 1 ♀, 10 July 2002, Bžany, Domaša, Valkovská Dolina (Alnion) [6995]. Oravská Magura 2 ♀♀, 6 August 1994, Zázrivá, Minčol [6781]. Ostrôžky Mts.: 1 ♀, 18 April 2000, Ábelová, Bralce [7582]. Podbeskydská Brázda Hills: 12 ♀♀, 2 ♂♂, 9 DN, 9 July 2001, Oravská Polhora, Slaná Voda [6482]. Podunajská Rovina Flatland: 1 ♀, 28 June 1989, Veľké Blahovo [7971]; 1 ♂, 11 May 1994, Bodíky, Bodícka Brána [8070]; 2 ♀♀, 11 April 1995, Dobrohošť, Dunajské Kriviny [8070]; 2 ♀♀, 21 April 1998, Veľký Meder (nest) [8172]; 3 ♀♀, 3 June 1998, Svätý Jur, Šúr [7769]; 4 ♀♀, 3 ♂♂, 1 DN, 28 April 1999, Veľký Meder [8172]; 6 ♀♀, 26 April 2000, Veľký Meder [8172]; 3 ♀♀, 2 ♂♂, 1 DN, 9 June 2002, Bratislava, Petržalka, Starý Háj [7868]; 5 ♀♀, 1 ♂, 2 DN, 14 September 2002, Svätý Jur, Šúr (Alnion) [7769]; 1 ♀, 14 September 2002, Svätý Jur, Šúr (forest steppe) [7769]; 2 ♀♀, 1 DN, 19 May 2004, Bratislava, Rusovce (forest) [7968]. Pohronský Inovec Mts.: 1 ♀, 2 July 2002, Stará Huta, Drozdovo [7577]; 1 ♀, 1 ♂, 2 July 2002, Stará Huta, Loksova Lúka [7577]; 1 ♀, 1 ♂, 2 July 2002, Stará Huta, Loksova Lúka (Piceetum) [7577]; 3 ♀♀, 2 July 2002, Stará Huta, Veľký Inovec Mt.: [7577]; 1 ♀, 2 July 2002, Tekovské Nemce, Bukovská Dolina (Quercetum) [7677]; 1 ♀, 2 July 2002, Tekovské Nemce, Bukovská Dolina (Querco - Carpinetum) [7677]. Po ľ ana Mts.: 10 ♀♀, 11 September 1997, Hriňová, Zadná Poľana [7382]; 1 ♀, 8 July 1998, Hriňová, Zadná Poľana [7382]. Popradská Kotlina Basin: 3 ♀♀, 8 August 2002, Stará Lesná [6887]; 7 ♀♀, 3 DN, 8 August 2002, Stará Lesná, Academia Hotel [6887]; 4 ♀♀, 8 August 2002, Štrbské Pleso [6886]; 1 ♀, 3 ♂♂, 4 DN, 10 July 2003, Lučivná [6986]. Považské Podolie Basin: 7 ♀♀, 1 ♂, 3 July 1997, Púchov, Váh [6876]. Považský Inovec Mts.: 2 ♀♀, 3 ♂♂, 2 DN, 2 August 1997, Hrádok, Hrádocká Dolina (Quercetum) [7373]; 10 ♀♀, 5 ♂♂, 9 DN, 2 August 1997, Hrádok, Hrádocká Dolina (Fagion) [7373]; 2 ♀♀, 11 April 1998, Hubina [7373]; 1 ♀, 26 April 1998, Hrádok, Hrádocká Dolina (ant-hill) [7373]; 1 ♀, 1 ♂, 1 DN, 30 June 2001, Hrádok, Hrádocká Dolina [7373]; 3 ♀♀, 4 ♂♂, 3 DN, 1 June 2002, Lúka, Srnia Dolina [7373]; 1 ♀, 7 August 2003, Hrádok, Hrádocká Dolina, Prieľačina [7273]. Revúcka Vrchovina Highland: 2 ♀♀, 1 DN, 8 August 1997, Sirk, Sirkovská Dolina (Quercetum) [7386]; 2 ♀♀, 1 DN, 21 June 2005, Hrušovo, Hrušovské Škrapy [7486]. Rimavská Kotlina Basin: 1 ♀, 1 ♂, 20 June 2005, Rimavská Sobota, Kurinecká Dubina [7686]; 1 ♀, 21 June 2005, Teplý Vrch, Hikóriový Porast [7586]; 2 ♀♀, 21 June 2005, Veľký Blh, Vereš [7586]. Slanské Vrchy Hills: 1 ♀, 1 ♂, 31 May 2004, Kalša [7395]. Slovenský Kras Karst: 1 ♀, 24 May 1996, Zádiel, Zádielska Tiesňava (300 m a. s. l.) [7390]; 1 ♀, 24 October 1996, Zádiel, Zádielska Tiesňava [7390]; 1 ♀, 13 June 1997, Ardovo, Ardovská Jaskyňa [7488]; 2 ♀♀, 21 July 2003, Silica, Silická Ľadnica (litter) [7489]; 4 ♀♀, 21 July 2003, Silica, Silická Ľadnica (moss) [7489]; 2 ♀♀, 21 July 2003, Silica, Žabec [7489]. Štiavnické Vrchy Hills: 1 ♀, 10 September 1997, Hliník Nad Hronom (Robinia) [7478]; 1 ♀, 10 September 1997, Jalná [7479]; 1 ♀, 28 June 2003, Čajkov, Bukovská Dolina, Priesil [7677]; 1 ♀, 1 DN, 25 May 2004, Žemberovce, Čaprštán [7778]. Strážovské Vrchy Hills: 1 ♀, 1 ♂, 1 DN, 25 March 1999, Zliechov, Strážov [7076]. Trnavská Pahorkatina Highland: 1 ♀, 18 June 1997, Štefanová, Dubník [7670]; 7 ♀♀, 5 DN, 5 October 1997, Horná Streda [7373]; 1 ♀, 26 May 2005 Šenkvice, Šenkvický Háj [7770]. Turzovská Vrchovina Highland: 6 ♀♀, 1 ♂, 2 DN, 30 June 1997, Klokočov, Polková [6577]. Ve ľ ká Fatra Mts.: 2 ♀♀, 1 ♂, 23 April 1998, Blatnica, Veľká Skalná [7179]; 1 ♀, 1 DN, 7 August 1998, Necpaly, Necpalská Dolina [7080]; 1 ♀, 5 DN, 7 August 1998, Necpaly, Necpalská Dolina, Borišovo [7080]; 1 ♀, 4 June 2003, Blatnica, Dedošova Dolina, Kráľova Skala [7180]; 2 ♀♀, 1 ♂, 4 June 2003, Blatnica, Dedošova Dolina, Veterné [7180]; 2 ♀♀, 1 ♂, 29 August 2003, Necpaly, Necpalská Dolina, Kýšky [7080]; 2 ♀♀, 18 July 2004, Liptovské Revúce, Suchá Dolina [7180]; 3 ♀♀, 1 ♂, 1 DN, 20 July 2004 Liptovské Revúce, Rakytov [7081]. Veporské Vrchy Hills: 1 ♀, 9 April 1999, Dobroč, Dobročský Prales [7384]; 2 ♀♀, 25 August 1999, Osrblie, Podsuchá [7283]; 5 ♀♀, 2 ♂♂, 2 DN, 27 August 1999, Hronec, Drôtovňa (pasture) [7283]; 1 ♀, 7 October 2002, Polomka, Fabova Hoľa (litter) [7285]; 3 ♀♀, 7 October 2002, Polomka, Fabova Hoľa (moss) [7285]; 7 ♀♀, 1 DN, 8 October 2002, Závadka Nad Hronom, Hronec, Pod Pätinou [7185]; 3 ♀♀, 1 ♂, 2 DN, 24 June 2003, Tisovec, Rimava (Alnion) [7285]; 3 ♀♀, 1 DN, 24 June 2003, Tisovec, Rimava (Petasition) [7285]; 1 DN, 24 June 2003, Tisovec, Rimava, Vicianovo (litter) [7285]; 2 ♀♀, 6 DN, 24 June 2003, Tisovec, Rimava, Vicianovo (moss) [7285]. Vihorlatské Vrchy Hills: 5 ♀♀, 2 ♂♂, 1 DN, 3 June 1997, Zemplínske Hámre [7099]; 3 ♂♂, 15 June 2004 Beňatina, Holica [7100]; 1 ♀, 3 ♂♂, 2 DN, 15 June 2004, Beňatina, Popriečny Vrch [7200]; 1 ♀, 1 ♂, 18 June 2004 Jovsa, Vihorlat (Aceri - Fage- tum) [7198]; 1 ♀, 1 ♂, 18 June 2004 Jovsa, Vihorlat (Fagion) [7198]; 1 ♀, 6 September 2005, Kamienka, Vihorlatský Prales, Kyjov [7198]; 3 ♂♂, 7 September 2005, Humenné, Humenský Sokol, Červená Skala [7097]. Volovské Vrchy Hills: 1 ♀, 20 July 2003, Rožňava, Čučma [7289]; 1 ♀, 20 July 2003, Rožňava, Volovec [7289]; 1 ♂, 1 DN, 20 July 2003, Rožňava, Volovec, Skalisko [7289]; 5 ♀♀, 2 ♂♂, 24 July 2003, Betliar, park [7289]. Vtá č nik Mts.: 2 ♂♂, 2 DN, 22 October 1998, Kľak, Partizánsky Les Skuratka [7377]; 1 ♀, 19 September 2003, Ostrý Grúň, Pokutský Potok [7478]; 2 ♀♀, 4 November 2003, Ostrý Grúň, Hlboká Dolina [7478]; 1 ♀, 4 November 2003, Ostrý Grúň, Hlboká dolina, Pokuty [7478]. Východoslovenská Pahorkatina Wold: 1 ♀, 16 June 2004, Jovsa, Jovsianska Hrabina [7198]. Východoslovenská Rovina Plain: 2 ♀♀, 1 June 2004, Boťany, Dravý Klin [7598]; 2 ♀♀, 1 June 2004, Boťany, Latorický Luh I. [7598]; 2 ♀♀, 1 DN, 1 June 2004, Malé Trakany, Tisa [7598]. Vysoké Tatry Mts.: 1 ♀, 22 September 1997, Starý Smokovec, Veľká Studená Dolina (Pinion) [6887]; 5 ♀♀, 2 DN, 23 September 1997, Štrbské Pleso, Furkotská Dolina (Pinion) [6886]; 3 ♀♀, 23 September 1997, Štrbské Pleso, Furkotská Dolina (Vaccinio - Piceetum) [6886]; 7 ♀♀, 2 ♂♂, 4 DN, 7 August 2001, Štrbské Pleso, Predné Solisko [6886]; 1 DN, 11 July 2005, Tatranská Javorina, Kolová Dolina, Kolové Pleso [6787]; 2 ♀♀, 1 DN, 12 July 2005, Tatranská Javorina, Predné Kopské Sedlo [6787]; 2 ♀♀, 1 ♂, 13 July 2005, Tatranská Javorina, Javorová Dolina (Pinion) [6787]. Západné Tatry Mts.: 2 DN, 27 July 2005, Zuberec, Smutná Dolina (excrement) [6884]. Zemplínske Vrchy Hills: 1 ♀, 24 May 1997, Ladmovce, Kašvár [7596]; 2 ♀♀, 1 ♂, 2 June 2004 Cejkov [7596]; 1 DN, 2 June 2004, Veľká Tŕňa, Čierna Hora [7596]; 2 ♀♀, 1 ♂, 1 DN, 2 June 2004, Veľká Tŕňa, Vysoký Vrch [7596]; 2 ♀♀, 1 ♂, 8 September 2005, Černochov [7596]. Žilinská Kotlina Basin: 2 ♀♀, 5 June 1997, Stráňavy [6878]; 7 ♀♀, 1 ♂, 1 DN, 5 June 1997, Teplička Nad Váhom [6778]; 3 ♀♀, 1 ♂, 2 DN, 5 June 1997, Žilina, Budatínsky Park [6778]; 4 ♀♀, 26 June 1997, Varín [6879]; 1 ♀, 26 June 1997, Žilina, Budatínsky Park [6778].	en	Mašán, Peter, Halliday, Bruce (2010): Review of the European genera of Eviphididae (Acari: Mesostigmata) and the species occurring in Slovakia 2585. Zootaxa 2585: 1-122
03C73038FFE3FFE2448733D1FDCD550E.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis (female). Dorsal idiosoma (Fig. 107). Idiosoma subglobular to hemispherical, with a caudal projection bearing a pair of marginal setae. Dorsal shield entire, subrectangular, not completely covering dorsal surface, exposing strips of lateral and postdorsal opisthosomal soft integument. Shield fused with anterior ends of peritrematal shields to level of seta r 2, to enclose deep wedge-shaped areas of lateral integument. Shield with coarse rugose-verrucose pattern of ornamentation and 30 pairs of setae; pore-like structures small, barely visible. Vertical setae j 1 short, columnar, with rounded tips; z 1 short, fine and pointed; J 5 short, subcolumnar; other dorsal setae smooth and needle-like. Lateral and posterior integument with coarse rugose-verrucose surface sculpture. Ventral idiosoma (Fig. 108). Presternal platelets absent. Sternal shield well sclerotised, with three pairs of setae and two pairs of pores. First pair of sternal pores small and slit-like. Endopodal platelets II – III subtriangular, free, well separated from sternal shield. Endopodal platelets III – IV free, narrow, elongate, not connected with endopodals II – III. Exopodal platelets IV narrow, curved. Metasternal platelets absent, metasternal setae st 4 and associated pores inserted on soft integument between sternal and epigynal shields. Epigynal shield with a pair of posterior genital setae, adjacent genital pores situated on soft integument beside genital setae. Peritrematal shields well developed, narrow close to stigmata. Dorsolateral and opisthogastric soft integument with ten pairs of setae. Gnathosoma. Palptarsus without paired macroeupathidia. Movable digit of chelicerae bidentate. Epistome with elongate serrate central projection and short, simple lateral prongs (Fig. 106). Legs. Setation of legs I-II-III-IV: coxae 2 - 2 - 2 - 1, trochanters 6 - 5 - 5 - 5, femora 13 - 11 - 6 - 6, genua 11 - 11 - 8 - 7 and tibiae 11 - 10 - 7 - 7 (see Table 3).	en	Mašán, Peter, Halliday, Bruce (2010): Review of the European genera of Eviphididae (Acari: Mesostigmata) and the species occurring in Slovakia 2585. Zootaxa 2585: 1-122
03C73038FFE4FFE04487307BFC7756B6.taxon	description	(Figs 78, 93, 106 – 108)	en	Mašán, Peter, Halliday, Bruce (2010): Review of the European genera of Eviphididae (Acari: Mesostigmata) and the species occurring in Slovakia 2585. Zootaxa 2585: 1-122
03C73038FFE4FFE04487307BFC7756B6.taxon	description	Gnathosoma. Chelicerae slender, with elongated proximal segment and bidentate movable digit (Fig. 78). Epistome as in Fig. 106. Legs. Legs I – IV with well-developed pretarsi and claws. Chaetotaxy as in Table 3. All leg setae short, most dorsal setae conspicuously thickened.	en	Mašán, Peter, Halliday, Bruce (2010): Review of the European genera of Eviphididae (Acari: Mesostigmata) and the species occurring in Slovakia 2585. Zootaxa 2585: 1-122
03C73038FFE4FFE04487307BFC7756B6.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Halolaspis is a monotypic genus that has been found only in Slovakia. The single species has been found in the nests of the dung beetle Copris lunaris in grassland soil. It was erroneously reported from Slovakia, under the name Iphidosoma pratensis, by Mašán (1994 b). Mašán & Halliday (2009 a) compared the holotype of I. pratensis with the material published from Slovakia, and found that they are clearly not conspecific. Occurrence in Slovakia. Published data. Trnavská Pahorkatina Wold: Brunovce [7373] (Mašán 1994 b, published as Iphidosoma pratensis by Mašán & Halliday 2009 a).	en	Mašán, Peter, Halliday, Bruce (2010): Review of the European genera of Eviphididae (Acari: Mesostigmata) and the species occurring in Slovakia 2585. Zootaxa 2585: 1-122
03C73038FFE6FF9E44873000FCE8550E.taxon	materials_examined	Type species: Neocrassicheles sternomus sp. nov.	en	Mašán, Peter, Halliday, Bruce (2010): Review of the European genera of Eviphididae (Acari: Mesostigmata) and the species occurring in Slovakia 2585. Zootaxa 2585: 1-122
03C73038FFE6FF9E44873000FCE8550E.taxon	description	Description (adults). Dorsal idiosoma (Figs 113, 116, 117). Idiosoma of female subglobular, almost hemispherical, subcircular in outline, very weakly sclerotised, smooth and transparent, dorsal shield not apparent. Idiosoma of male well sclerotised, dorsal shield entire, suboval, completely covering dorsal idiosoma, lateromarginal strip of dorsal shield expanded onto ventral surface; shield mostly smooth or with weak longitudinal sculptural lines close to ventrolateral margins, fused to anterior sections of peritrematal shields anterolaterally (also in deutonymph), widely expanded ventrally, and bearing 30 pairs of setae of which at least eleven pairs in ventral position. Vertex flat and poorly developed. Dorsal setae simple, mostly fine, short, needle-like, only slightly differing in length; vertical setae j 1 relatively short and inserted close to anterior margin (Fig. 113). Interscutal integument smooth, not striated. Pore-like structures small and subcircular; in females three pairs of pores markedly enlarged. Ventral idiosoma (Figs 58, 109). Presternal platelets absent. In female, most of ventral surface very weakly sclerotised, smooth and transparent. Sternal area without distinct shield, but with robust suboval protuberance bearing two pairs of sternal setae st 1 and st 2 and two pairs of pores; setae st 2 placed on additional submedial tubercle (Fig. 58); setae st 3 placed on very weakly sclerotised integument; metasternal setae st 4 placed on almost unsclerotised integument, associated pores not visible, metasternal platelets absent. All sternal setae st 1 – st 5 short, needle-like, subequal in length. Perigenital region more sclerotised than other idiosomal surface. Epigynal shield well defined, small, narrow, moderately rounded posteriorly, with hyaline anterior section produced into a long medial point; genital setae outside the shield, genital pores not visible. Male sterno-genital shield oblong, acuminate posteriorly, with conspicuous genital orifice anteriorly, well sclerotised, reticulate anteriorly and marginally, with four pairs of sternal setae and three pairs of small slitlike pores. Endopodal platelets II – III and III – IV elongated, slightly widened, connected each to other (also in deutonymph), and fully (endopodals II – III) or partly (endopodals III – IV) incorporated into sterno-genital shield; this scutal fusion often delicately indicated by sculptural suture; two poststerno-genital sclerites present. In female, endopodal, exopodal and metapodal platelets absent. Anal shield very indistinct in female; in male free, well sclerotised, smooth or weakly ornamented, subtriangular, bearing three needle-like circumanal setae, relatively large anus and well developed cribrum. Opisthogastric integument with nine pairs of setae in female, seven pairs in male (excluding st 5 in both sexes). In male, exopodal platelets I – III absent; exopodals IV narrow and curved; metapodal platelets present, slit-like and poorly sclerotised. Peritremes well developed, long, anterior end reaching beyond anterior margin of coxa I. Peritrematal shields present only in male, developed along the whole peritreme, anteriorly connected to dorsal shield between setae z 1 and s 2, with short, tapered post-stigmatic section; post-stigmatic pore outside shield. All ventral setae simple and needle-like. Gnathosoma. Palptarsus without paired macroeupathidia. Cheliceral segments slightly elongated in female (Fig. 110), shorter and stouter in males (Fig. 116); cheliceral digits relatively robust (especially in males and deutonymphs); movable digit with two subdistal teeth in female or with one robust subdistal tooth in male (Fig. 130); short tubular spermatodactyl directed almost perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis (Figs 129, 130). Epistome with wide flat base produced into long, robust and spiniferous central projection and four to seven lateral spines on each side of the projection (Figs 122, 123); lateral spines simple or bifurcate; basal part of central projection spiniferous in adults or mostly smooth in deutonymph (Figs 120, 121). Legs. Setation of legs I-II-III-IV: coxae 2 - 2 - 2 - 1, trochanters 6 - 5 - 5 - 5, femora 13 - 11 - 6 - 6, genua 10 - 11 - 8 - 7 and tibiae 10 - 10 - 7 - 7 (Table 3). Lateral lobes of pulvillus on female legs II – IV modified, elongated and distally pointed, projecting beyond claws (Fig. 111). Male leg segments not spurred.	en	Mašán, Peter, Halliday, Bruce (2010): Review of the European genera of Eviphididae (Acari: Mesostigmata) and the species occurring in Slovakia 2585. Zootaxa 2585: 1-122
03C73038FFE6FF9E44873000FCE8550E.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The genus name Neocrassicheles refers to the similarity of the new genus to the related genus Crassicheles. Notes on the genus. Adults and deutonymphs of Neocrassicheles share a variety of morphological and ecological characteristics with those of Crassicheles and Uroiphis, as follows: (1) distinct sexual dimorphism in the shape of the idiosoma: females subglobular, males dorso-ventrally flattened; (2) pointed anterior margin of epigynal shield in the female; (3) substantial reduction of some setae on the opisthogastric soft integument in males, so only seven pairs are present, excluding st 5; (4) sterno-genital shield mostly with four pairs of sternal setae, not capturing sternal setae st 5; (5) robust cheliceral segments and digits; (6) unusual phoretic behaviour in which only the males and deutonymphs are phoretic; (7) phoretic preference for flies rather than beetles. The new genus differs from Crassicheles and Uroiphis by the features presented in the Table 6. The genus is monotypic, based on material from Slovakia.	en	Mašán, Peter, Halliday, Bruce (2010): Review of the European genera of Eviphididae (Acari: Mesostigmata) and the species occurring in Slovakia 2585. Zootaxa 2585: 1-122
03C73038FF98FF9D44873699FC0856C6.taxon	description	(Figs 58, 109 – 130) Description. Female (Figs 58, 109 – 113). Idiosoma. Dorsal surface not clearly visible in available specimen. Idiosoma 560 µm long and 545 µm wide. Vertical setae j 1 short and 18 – 21 µm long, the longest dorsal setae 46 – 56 µm in length. Sternal setae st 1 and st 2 15 – 21 µm long, st 3 27 – 30 µm long. Male (Figs 116, 117, 122, 123, 125, 129 and 130). Dorsal shield 365 – 425 µm long and 230 – 265 µm wide. Vertical setae j 1 very short, 9 – 12 µm long, most dorsal setae between 16 – 25 µm long. Sterno-genital shield 144 – 163 µm long, anal shield wider than long, 63 – 69 µm in long, 70 – 85 µm wide. Deutonymph (Figs 114, 115, 118 – 121, 124 and 126 – 128). Idiosoma. As for male, domed, suboval, with lateromarginal parts expanded ventrally, well sclerotised (Figs 118, 119). Dorsal idiosoma (Fig. 118). Dorsal shield 400 – 450 µm long and 240 – 280 µm wide, entire, covering whole dorsum, suboval, smooth and with weak longitudinal ornamentation ventromarginally, fused to anterior sections of peritrematal shields anterolaterally, widely expanded ventrally, bearing 30 pairs of setae of which at least eleven pairs with ventral position (Fig. 119). Dorsal setae including vertical setae j 1 simple, short and thin, needle-like. Pore-like structures small. Lengths of dorsal setae with similar values as in male. Ventral idiosoma (Fig. 119). Presternal platelets absent. Sterno-genital shield oblong, 153 – 174 µm long, anterior margin slightly undulating, posterior margin acuminate, surface reticulate anteriorly and marginally, with four pairs of sternal setae and three pairs of small slit-like pores (Fig. 124); sternal setae st 5 situated on soft integument close to posterior tip of sterno-genital shield. Endopodal platelets II – III and III – IV elongated, fused, narrowly separated from lateral margins of sternal shield. Post-sternogenital sclerites absent. Anal shield free, 58 – 69 µm long and 63 – 74 µm wide, subtriangular, smooth, with three circum-anal setae and large anus (Fig. 126); post-anal seta slightly shorter than adanals. Exopodal platelets I – III absent, exopodals IV present, narrow and curved. Exopodals, metapodals, peritrematal shields and peritremes as in male adult; post-stigmatic pore outside the shield. Sexual dimorphism of ventral chaetotaxy well developed. Female deutonymph with nine pairs of setae on lateral and opisthogastric soft integument (Fig. 119), male deutonymph with seven pairs (Fig. 114), excluding setae st 5 in soft integument between coxae IV. All ventral setae simple, short and needle-like. Gnathosoma. Epistome as in Figs 120 and 121. Chelicera as in Figs 127 and 128.	en	Mašán, Peter, Halliday, Bruce (2010): Review of the European genera of Eviphididae (Acari: Mesostigmata) and the species occurring in Slovakia 2585. Zootaxa 2585: 1-122
03C73038FF98FF9D44873699FC0856C6.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The species name sternomus refers to the swollen protuberant form of the sternal shield in the female (- oma, tumor).	en	Mašán, Peter, Halliday, Bruce (2010): Review of the European genera of Eviphididae (Acari: Mesostigmata) and the species occurring in Slovakia 2585. Zootaxa 2585: 1-122
03C73038FF98FF9D44873699FC0856C6.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Holotype female, Podunajská Rovina Flatland, 18 May 2009, Bratislava, Podunajské Biskupice [7869]. Paratypes, 3 ♂♂, 5 DN, 26 May 1993, Bratislava, Podunajské Biskupice [7869]; Považský Inovec Mts., 1 DN, 3 May 2009, Modrová [7373]; Trnavská Pahorkatina Wold, 3 ♂♂, 4 DN, 2 May 1993, Brunovce (Copromyza) [7373]; 5 ♂♂, 17 DN, 2 May 1993, Horná Streda [7373].	en	Mašán, Peter, Halliday, Bruce (2010): Review of the European genera of Eviphididae (Acari: Mesostigmata) and the species occurring in Slovakia 2585. Zootaxa 2585: 1-122
03C73038FF98FF9D44873699FC0856C6.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Neocrassicheles sternomus is a coprophilous species characteristic of fresh and humid dunghills, strongly decaying plant remains, and sphaerocerid flies such as Copromyza equina and Copromyza nigrina. It has usually been collected together with Crassicheles striatus.	en	Mašán, Peter, Halliday, Bruce (2010): Review of the European genera of Eviphididae (Acari: Mesostigmata) and the species occurring in Slovakia 2585. Zootaxa 2585: 1-122
03C73038FF9BFF9A44873431FC4356C6.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis (adults). Dorsal idiosoma. Idiosoma dorso-ventrally flattened. Dorsal shield entire, suboval to subcircular, completely or incompletely covering dorsal idiosoma, never expanded ventrally, with flat or well developed vertex formed without ventral anterior sections of peritrematal shields, smooth or bearing fine surface reticulation. Dorsal shield with 29 – 33 pairs of setae; setae heterogeneous in length and form, some thickened and conspicuously elongate, others short or minute; vertical setae j 1 lance-like or needle-like, elongate or short. Pore-like structures usually small, barely visible, not hypertrophied. Ventral idiosoma. Presternal platelets present or absent. Ventral shields smooth or reticulate. Sternal shield well sclerotised, with three pairs of setae and two pairs of pores. In female, endopodal platelets II – III completely fused to sternal shield; endopodal platelets III – IV free on soft integument or anteriorly connected to posterolateral margins of sternal shield. Metasternal platelets present or absent, metasternal seta st 4 and adjacent pore inserted in soft integument or on metasternal platelet. Epigynal shield with a pair of submedial genital setae, genital pores inserted in soft integument; post-genital sclerites absent or rarely present. Anal shield subtriangular, subcircular or trapezoidal, with three circum-anal setae. Exopodal platelets I – IV present or absent. Metapodal platelets present. Peritrematal shields developed along the whole peritreme, anterior section fused to dorsal shield but not forming a conspicuous arch-like structure below the vertex; peritremes long, anterior ends reaching at least to coxae I; post-stigmatic section of peritrematal shields short, not reaching beyond posterior margin of coxae IV. Lateral and opisthogastric integument simply striated, with normal or increased number of setae. In male, separate sterno-genital and anal shield present. Gnathosoma. Palptarsus without paired macroeupathidia. Movable digit of chelicera with one robust subdistal tooth. Spermatodactyl short, simple or bulbiform distally. Epistome with elongated central projection and well or poorly developed wing-like lateral sections; lateral sections usually densely serrated on distal margin, sometimes smooth. Legs. Setation of legs I-II-III-IV: coxae 2 - 2 - 2 - 1, trochanters 6 - 5 - 5 - 5, femora 13 - 11 - 6 - 6, genua 11 - 11 - 8 - 7 and tibiae 11 - 10 - 7 - 7 (Table 3). Male legs with or without spurs. Notes on the genus. The genus Pelethiphis is difficult to define, and its placement in our keys is only provisional. It appears to be a heterogeneous mixture of species that should be placed in several different genera (see also notes on the genus in the systematic account), and it needs a thorough taxonomic revision. The description of its type species, Pelethiphis insignis Berlese 1911, was very brief and general. This seems to be a distinctive species that can be distinguished from the other Pelethiphis species by the following characters: (1) dorsal shield with more than 30 pairs of setae (32 or 33 pairs present); (2) apart from z 1 and z 5, all other dorsal setae are very elongate; (3) elongated medial and marginal dorsal setae are subequal in length; (4) lateral and opisthogastric soft integument hypertrichous, with 30 – 35 pairs of setae; (5) it is a large species, with the idiosoma about 950 µm in length. The genus comprises about 15 described species (Berlese 1882 a, 1911; Lombardini 1941; Ryke & Meyer 1957; Ryke 1959; Costa 1963; Spies & Ryke 1965; Koyumdjieva 1981; Arutunian 1992 a). They are distributed mainly in Africa, with only three species reported from Europe, and only one from Slovakia (see key below). All representatives of the genus are associated with scarab beetles. The other European species provisionally considered to belong to Pelethiphis have not been described in enough detail to allow them to be recognised [Pelethiphis ciliatus (C. L. Koch 1839)], or belong to other genera [Pelethiphis puer (Berlese 1910) and Pelethiphis undulatus (Berlese 1921)], so they cannot be included in the key below. These species are here considered as incertae sedis.	en	Mašán, Peter, Halliday, Bruce (2010): Review of the European genera of Eviphididae (Acari: Mesostigmata) and the species occurring in Slovakia 2585. Zootaxa 2585: 1-122
03C73038FF9CFF9B44873249FC785666.taxon	discussion	Remarks. The identity of this species cannot be established with any confidence. Berlese (1882 a) described Iphis crinitus from the dung beetle Atheucus variolosus from Calabria, Italy, but there are no specimens in the Berlese Acaroteca with that label data. Berlese (1886) then redescribed and illustrated Iphis crinitus from Atheucus variolosus from Apulia, Italy. One of us (PM) has examined two of Berlese's slides numbered 123 / 46 and 123 / 48. These two slides contain 19 specimens (males, females and deutonymphs) collected on Scarabaeus semipunctatus at San Vincenzo, Pisa. These slides are referred to Copriphis (Pelethiphis) crinitus by Castagnoli & Pegazzano (1985), although they are both labelled Copriphis (Pelethiphis) elongatus, and are not labelled as types. They are in very poor condition for examination, but they are clearly not conspecific with those that were well illustrated by Berlese (1886). The Berlese (1886) specimens have extremely long marginal setae, much longer than those of the San Vicenzo specimens. The San Vicenzo specimens could however be conspecific with those on slide number 4 / 12, which is labelled Copriphis (Pelethiphis) crinitus var. curtipilus (= Alliphis siculus) and listed under the name Eviphis siculus by Castagnoli & Pegazzano (1985), and collected from the same dung beetle host (Scarabaeus semipunctatus). The Berlese Acaroteca also contains vial number 6 / 257, labelled Iphis crinitus, from Florence, but those specimens have not been examined in this study. Berlese (1882 a) (p. 69) described two species, Iphis crinitus (p. 343) and Iphis elongatus (p. 345), but later (Berlese 1892 d) synonymised these two species. There are no types for either of these species in the Berlese Acaroteca, so the validity of this synonymy is also questionable. Despite the fact that the voucher slides in Florence are labelled Copriphis (Pelethiphis) elongatus, Berlese (1911) described another Copriphis species under the name Copriphis elongatus from America. In addition, Shoemake (1970) synonymised I. crinitus with Iphis ciliatus C. L. Koch, 1839, but that synonymy is not considered to be valid here. Our concept of Pelethiphis crinitus is based on the illustrations of Berlese (1886).	en	Mašán, Peter, Halliday, Bruce (2010): Review of the European genera of Eviphididae (Acari: Mesostigmata) and the species occurring in Slovakia 2585. Zootaxa 2585: 1-122
03C73038FF9DFF9B44873581FBB250F0.taxon	discussion	Remarks. There are 22 females of this species on four original slides in the Berlese Acaroteca, collected from Gymnopleurus pilularius in Italy (San Vincenzo, Pisa). All slides are labelled “ tipico ” and numbered as follows: 122 / 33, 122 / 35 – 37. Only some of the specimens are partly observable. This species can be recognised by the following morphological features: large species, with idiosoma about 950 µm in length; dorsal shield with more than 30 pairs of setae (32 or 33 pairs); apart from setae z 1 and z 5, all other dorsal setae are very long, including those in the central area of the shield, so the medial and marginal dorsal setae are subequal in length; opisthogastric surface polytrichous, lateral and opisthogastric soft integument with 30 – 35 pairs of setae; presternal platelet apparently absent; post-anal seta is conspicuously longer than adanal setae. Shoemake (1970) synonymised Pelethiphis rufescens (Lombardini 1941), known from Africa, with P. insignis, but these species can be easily distinguished by some characters of dorsal chaetotaxy.	en	Mašán, Peter, Halliday, Bruce (2010): Review of the European genera of Eviphididae (Acari: Mesostigmata) and the species occurring in Slovakia 2585. Zootaxa 2585: 1-122
03C73038FF9DFF994487322CFCFF54FE.taxon	description	(Figs 80, 94, 101, 131, 132)	en	Mašán, Peter, Halliday, Bruce (2010): Review of the European genera of Eviphididae (Acari: Mesostigmata) and the species occurring in Slovakia 2585. Zootaxa 2585: 1-122
03C73038FF9DFF994487322CFCFF54FE.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis (male). Dorsal idiosoma (Fig. 131). Dorsal shield entire, ovoid, 560 – 680 µm long and 355 – 435 µm wide, completely covering dorsal idiosoma, produced into inconspicuous flat vertex, smooth medially and weakly ornamented lateromarginally. Dorsal shield with 30 pairs of setae; setae strongly heterogeneous in length and form; 12 pairs of marginal setae, including vertical setae j 1, strongly thickened and elongated, lanceolate, approximately six times as long as short needle-like central setae. Vertical setae j 1 34 – 45 µm long; z 1 minute, located on ventral surface of vertex. Setae j 5 13 – 19 µm long, Z 5 9 – 18 µm long, S 5 and other long marginal setae 110 – 130 µm long, shortest dorsocentral setae about 10 µm long. Ventral idiosoma (Fig. 132). Presternal platelets absent. Sterno-genital shield 245 – 295 µm long, 125 – 155 µm wide, well sclerotised, smooth, with five pairs of setae and three pairs of pores; first pair of pores slit-like, oriented transversely, second and third pairs oval-shaped. Endopodal platelets II – III and III – IV completely fused to sternal shield. Four small suboval post-genital sclerites present, barely visible. Anal shield ovoid, wider than long, anterior margin widely rounded, posterolateral margins slightly concave, 100 – 130 µm long and 125 – 155 µm wide, smooth, with three circum-anal setae; post-anal seta 61 – 79 µm long, three times as long as adanal setae. Exopodal platelets I – III absent, exopodals IV narrow and curved. Metapodal platelets elongate drop shaped. Peritrematal shields well developed along the whole peritreme, with fine longitudinal striation and network of fine lines (Fig. 94), fused anteriorly and fused to ventral part of vertex; peritremes long, anterior ends reaching beyond anterior margins of coxae I. All ventral setae simple, needle-like. Lateral and opisthogastric soft integument simply striated, with nine pairs of setae (ten pairs in female deutonymph). Gnathosoma. Cheliceral dentition and spermatodactyl as in Fig. 80. Epistome with elongated central projection and sloping serrated shoulders (Fig. 101). Legs. Chaetotaxy of legs typical for genus, as in Table 3. Legs not spurred.	en	Mašán, Peter, Halliday, Bruce (2010): Review of the European genera of Eviphididae (Acari: Mesostigmata) and the species occurring in Slovakia 2585. Zootaxa 2585: 1-122
03C73038FF9DFF994487322CFCFF54FE.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Pelethiphis opacus appears to be a specific associate of Copris lunaris (Scarabaeidae) and its nests. It is very closely related to Pelethiphis gurei (Costa 1963) known from Copris hispanus in Israel, and Pelethiphis magnus (Gu & Fan 1997 a) reported from unidentified scarabaeid beetles from China. They represent a group of morphologically and ecologically very similar species having phoretically active males and deutonymphs and unknown females. Occurrence in Slovakia. (a) Verified published data. Trnavská Pahorkatina Wold: Brunovce [7373] (Mašán 1994 a, 1994 b). (b) New data. Borská Nížina Lowland: 1 DN, 20 October 1992, Jakubov [7568]. Trnavská Pahorkatina Wold: 152 DN, 3 August 1994, Brunovce [7373].	en	Mašán, Peter, Halliday, Bruce (2010): Review of the European genera of Eviphididae (Acari: Mesostigmata) and the species occurring in Slovakia 2585. Zootaxa 2585: 1-122
03C73038FF9FFF9944873629FAC05120.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis (female). Dorsal idiosoma (Fig. 133). Idiosoma dorso-ventrally flattened. Dorsal shield entire, suboval, completely covering dorsal surface, with posterior end usually overlapping slightly onto ventral idiosoma; anterior extension of the shield overlapping onto ventral surface beyond vertex, fused to anterior parts of peritrematal shields to form an arched ventral structure bearing short setae j 1 and z 1. Dorsal area with coarse punctate-reticulate sculptural pattern, bearing 28 pairs of subequal setae (j 1 and z 1 present but ventrally placed). Vertical setae j 1 thickened and acuminate, z 1 thin and needle-like, both pairs positioned on ventral extension of dorsal shield, conspicuously shorter than setae on dorsum. Ventral idiosoma (Fig. 134). Presternal platelets absent. Sternal shield well sclerotised, with three pairs of setae and two pairs of pores; first pair of sternal pores small, slit-like, oriented at approximately 45 ° to longitudinal axis. Sternal shield and endopodal platelets II – III almost completely separate. Endopodal platelets III – IV anteriorly connected with endopodals II – III. Metasternal platelets absent, metasternal setae st 4 inserted on soft integument, adjacent metasternal pores inserted on microplatelets between sternal and epigynal shields. Epigynal shield narrow, slightly constricted medially, with a pair of posteriorly placed genital setae; genital pores situated on soft integument beside genital setae. Anal shield subtriangular. Exopodal and post-genital platelets absent. Peritrematal shields well developed, widened. Metapodal platelets elongate, curved. Gnathosoma. Palptarsus without paired macroeupathidia. Movable digit of chelicerae bidentate (Fig. 85). Epistome with elongated central projection and short, simple lateral prongs (Fig. 105). Legs. Setation of legs I-II-III-IV: coxae 2 - 2 - 2 - 1, trochanters 6 - 5 - 5 - 5, femora 13 - 11 - 6 - 6, genua 11 - 11 - 8 - 7, tibiae 11 - 10 - 7 - 7 (Table 3). Notes on the genus. The genus Pseudoalliphis is presently monotypic; the only known species is recorded from Germany (Karg 1963), Poland (Błaszak & Madej 1997) and Hungary (Kandil 1983).	en	Mašán, Peter, Halliday, Bruce (2010): Review of the European genera of Eviphididae (Acari: Mesostigmata) and the species occurring in Slovakia 2585. Zootaxa 2585: 1-122
03C73038FF9FFF964487327CFEBA56C6.taxon	description	(Figs 85, 86, 105, 133, 134)	en	Mašán, Peter, Halliday, Bruce (2010): Review of the European genera of Eviphididae (Acari: Mesostigmata) and the species occurring in Slovakia 2585. Zootaxa 2585: 1-122
03C73038FF9FFF964487327CFEBA56C6.taxon	diagnosis	Amendments to diagnosis (female). Dorsal idiosoma (Fig. 133). Dorsal shield 405 – 435 µm long, 270 – 290 µm wide, with coarse punctate-reticulate ornamentation consisting of flat nodules forming a distinct network. Posterior margin of dorsal shield moderately undulating. Dorsal setae smooth, needle-like, subequal in length and shape, 29 – 36 µm long, only dorsocentral setae slightly shorter, 23 – 29 µm long. Pore-like structures small, barely visible, not hypertrophied. Setae j 1 and z 1 ventrally placed, j 1 short, 7 – 9 µm long, thick, apically pointed; z 1 short, fine and needle-like. Ventral idiosoma (Fig. 134). Sternal shield narrow, 81 – 86 µm long, longer than wide, with very fine reticulate sculptural pattern anteriorly, smooth posteriorly; sternal setae st 1 – st 5 short, needle-like, 12 – 15 µm long. Anterior margin of sternal shield undulating, with two flat lobes close to setae st 1, anterior corners directed anterolaterally; posterior margin slightly concave, with rounded posterolateral corners. Endopodal platelets II – III narrow, almost free, only their anteriormost tips closely abutting to lateral corners of the sternal shield. Endopodal platelets III – IV narrow, fused with endopodals II – III. Epigynal shield 35 – 40 µm long, 13 – 16 µm wide at the narrowest point, rounded posteriorly, without conspicuous ornamentation, with only a longitudinal line close to lateral margins. Anal shield relatively large, 78 – 84 µm long, 81 – 91 µm wide, subtriangular, with reticulated surface, with three circum-anal setae and a pair of pores; anus located in anterior half of shield. Peritremes long, anterior ends projecting beyond coxae I. Peritrematal shields with longitudinal reticulation pattern, almost truncate posteriorly. Metapodal platelets small, curved. Lateral and opisthogastric soft integument lightly striated, with ten pairs of setae. Gnathosoma. Chelicera with bidentate movable digit, tridentate fixed digit (Fig. 85) and short proximal segment (Fig. 86). Epistome as in Fig. 105.	en	Mašán, Peter, Halliday, Bruce (2010): Review of the European genera of Eviphididae (Acari: Mesostigmata) and the species occurring in Slovakia 2585. Zootaxa 2585: 1-122
03C73038FF9FFF964487327CFEBA56C6.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Karg (1963) described this species from soil samples from field habitats in Germany. It appears to be a calciphilous and non-phoretic edaphic species. We have found it in leaf litter (Quercetum, park with Platanus orientalis) and the soil detritus of an ant-hill (Formica pratensis). Occurrence in Slovakia. Published data. Podunajská Rovina Flatland: Bratislava, Rusovce [7968]. Považský Inovec Mts.: Lúka, Srnia Dolina [7373]. Zemplínske Vrchy Hills: Ladmovce [7596] (all Mašán & Halliday 2009 a).	en	Mašán, Peter, Halliday, Bruce (2010): Review of the European genera of Eviphididae (Acari: Mesostigmata) and the species occurring in Slovakia 2585. Zootaxa 2585: 1-122
03C73038FF91FF9744873789FE7A52A8.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis (female). Dorsal idiosoma (Fig. 135). Idiosoma dorso-ventrally flattened. Dorsal shield entire, ovoid, with well developed vertex, extensively expanded laterally, covering whole dorsum and wide lateral strips of ventral idiosoma, posterior margin capturing setae Jv 5 and two pairs of R setae. Sculpture of shield partly micropunctate, with flat medial protuberance and fine reticulation on submarginal surface, ventral margins with dense transverse striation; with 30 pairs of setae, of which some submarginal setae may be positioned ventrally. Setae on dorsal shield uniform, needle-like, short and subequal in length: j 1 moderately elongate, z 1 minute, z 5 in unusual position anterior to j 5. Pore-like structures small and subcircular, barely visible. Ventral idiosoma (Fig. 136). Presternal platelets present, suboval, small, paired, located close to base of tritosternum. Sternal shield located between coxae II, small, suboval in shape, wider anetriorly, surface delicately reticulated, with three pairs of setae and two pairs of conspicuous slit-like pores. Endopodal platelets II – III and III – IV separate, free in soft integument, small and irregular in shape. Metasternal platelets and pores absent, metasternal setae st 4 inserted on soft integument. Epigynal shield suboval, larger than sternal shield, with fine marginal ornamentation on surface, with a pair of genital setae; genital pores placed in soft integument; post-genital sclerites absent. Anal shield subtriangular, wider than long, with three subequal circumanal setae. Exopodal platelets I – III absent; exopodals IV present, narrow and curved. Metapodal platelets elongate, curved. Peritrematal shields and peritremes strongly reduced and short, not fused to dorsal shield, anterior ends not reaching middle of coxae II. Lateral and opisthogastric integument simply striated, with three pairs of smooth setae (Jv 1, Jv 2, Zv 2). Gnathosoma. Palptarsus without paired macroeupathidia. Cheliceral segments as in Fig. 39, movable digit bidentate. Epistome with elongate trifurcate central projection and acuminate wing-like lateral elements, lateral elements smooth on anterior margin and finely serrate on distal lateral margin (Fig. 38). Legs. Setation of legs I-II-III-IV: coxae 2 - 2 - 2 - 1, trochanters 5 - 5 - 5 - 5, femora 11 - 11 - 6 - 6, genua 8 - 8 - 8 - 7 and tibiae 8 - 7 - 7 - 7 (Table 3). Notes on the genus. The chaetotaxy of legs I and II is atypical when comparing it with other genera of Eviphididae (see Table 3). All segments of leg I, and the tibia and genu of leg II show strongly reduced numbers of setae. Some characters of the idiosoma also exhibit remarkable features that are rare or unknown in other eviphidid genera, for example (1) expansion of the dorsal shield toward the ventral side; (2) capture of three pairs of postero-marginal setae by the dorsal shield; (3) size, shape and position of the sternal shield; (4) decreased number of setae on opisthogastric integument, with only three pairs of setae (Jv 1, Jv 2, Zv 2); (5) reduction in length of peritremes and peritrematal shields; (6) relative position of dorsal shield setae j 5 and z 5, so the usual dorsal hexagon j 5 - z 5 - j 6 is not present; (7) trifurcate central projection of the epistome. These features make the placement of Rafaphis in the family Eviphididae questionable. Rafaphis is presently a monotypic European genus.	en	Mašán, Peter, Halliday, Bruce (2010): Review of the European genera of Eviphididae (Acari: Mesostigmata) and the species occurring in Slovakia 2585. Zootaxa 2585: 1-122
03C73038FF91FF94448731F4FAE852BF.taxon	description	(Figs 38, 39, 135, 136)	en	Mašán, Peter, Halliday, Bruce (2010): Review of the European genera of Eviphididae (Acari: Mesostigmata) and the species occurring in Slovakia 2585. Zootaxa 2585: 1-122
03C73038FF91FF94448731F4FAE852BF.taxon	diagnosis	Amendments to diagnosis (female). Dorsal idiosoma. Dorsal shield 496 µm long, 339 µm wide. Vertical setae j 1 23 – 26 µm long. Ventral idiosoma. Sternal shield 76 µm long, 41 µm wide, epigynal shield 101 µm long, 63 µm wide, anal shield 63 µm long, 113 µm wide.	en	Mašán, Peter, Halliday, Bruce (2010): Review of the European genera of Eviphididae (Acari: Mesostigmata) and the species occurring in Slovakia 2585. Zootaxa 2585: 1-122
03C73038FF91FF94448731F4FAE852BF.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Only two specimens of this species have been collected, both females from the Carpathian Mountains in Poland and Slovakia. This rare species has been described by Skorupski & Błaszak (1997) based only on the holotype found in the Pieniny Mts., Western Carpathians, in South Poland, from moss on limestone. The Slovakian female was found in a sample of leaf litter and wood detritus taken from virgin beech forest in the Eastern Carpathians. It was originally misidentified as Crassicheles concentricus. It appears to be an edaphic associate of litter and soil substrates. Occurrence in Slovakia. Revised published data. Bukovské Vrchy Hills: 1 ♀, 21 September 1998, Kalná Roztoka, Havešová [6999] (published as Crassicheles concentricus by Fenďa & Mašán 2003).	en	Mašán, Peter, Halliday, Bruce (2010): Review of the European genera of Eviphididae (Acari: Mesostigmata) and the species occurring in Slovakia 2585. Zootaxa 2585: 1-122
03C73038FF92FF95448731E6FE77506E.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis (female). Dorsal idiosoma (Fig. 137). Idiosoma dorso-ventrally flattened, oblong, with inconspicuous flat vertex. Dorsal shield entire, widest anteriorly, narrowed medially and posteriorly, slightly constricted medially, not covering lateral and posteromarginal idiosoma, delicately reticulate over whole surface, with 27 pairs of setae; setae J 1 and S 1 absent, s 6 outside shield. Dorsal setae all needle-like, smooth and pointed, uniform in length except z 1, J 2, J 3, J 5 conspicuously shorter; vertical setae j 1 needle-like. Pore-like structures small and subcircular. Ventral idiosoma (Fig. 138). Presternal platelets, weakly sclerotised, fused to form one transversely striate plate, completely fused to anterior margin of sternal shield. Sternal shield oblong, weakly sclerotised, smooth, with three pairs of setae and two pairs of pores; first pair of pores small, slit-like, second pair larger and suboval. Endopodal platelets II – III completely fused to sternal shield, endopodal platelets III – IV free in soft integument. Metasternal platelets very small, each bearing metasternal seta st 4 and adjacent pore. Epigynal shield reticulated, with a pair of genital setae; genital pores placed in soft integument; post-genital sclerites absent. Anal shield subtriangular, with weak ornamentation and three subequal setae. Exopodal platelets I – IV present, narrow and curved. Metapodal platelets small, oval. Peritrematal shields strongly reduced, present only along anterior section of peritremes, fused to anterolateral margins of dorsal shield (Fig. 146); peritremes very short, anterior ends not reaching middle of coxae II. Dorsolateral and opisthogastric integument simply striated, with ten pairs of setae (excluding s 6). Gnathosoma. Palptarsus without paired macroeupathidia. Movable digit of chelicerae with one subdistal tooth (Fig. 87). Epistome with elongated central projection and wing-like lateral elements, densely serrated on distal margin (Fig. 103). Legs. Setation of legs I-II-III-IV: coxae 2 - 2 - 2 - 1, trochanters 6 - 5 - 5 - 5, femora 13 - 11 - 6 - 6, genua 11 - 11 - 8 - 7 and tibiae 11 - 10 - 7 - 7 (Table 3) .. Notes on the genus. Scamaphis is a monotypic European genus, with the single known species reported from the British Isles, Scandinavia, Germany, Poland and Slovakia. Male remains unknown. The other species described in this genus, Scamaphis guyimingi Ma 1997, was transferred to the genus Metacryptoseius by Kazemi et al. (2008).	en	Mašán, Peter, Halliday, Bruce (2010): Review of the European genera of Eviphididae (Acari: Mesostigmata) and the species occurring in Slovakia 2585. Zootaxa 2585: 1-122
03C73038FF93FF92448733B9FB3C5576.taxon	description	(Figs 87, 103, 137, 138, 145, 146)	en	Mašán, Peter, Halliday, Bruce (2010): Review of the European genera of Eviphididae (Acari: Mesostigmata) and the species occurring in Slovakia 2585. Zootaxa 2585: 1-122
03C73038FF93FF92448733B9FB3C5576.taxon	diagnosis	Amendments to diagnosis (female). Dorsal idiosoma. Dorsal shield 365 – 410 µm long, 205 – 220 µm wide at the widest point, 150 – 170 µm wide at the median constriction. Longest dorsal setae 25 – 30 µm long, shortest 7 – 10 µm long. Ventral idiosoma. Sternal shield 95 – 105 µm long, 70 – 80 µm wide, epigynal shield 40 – 48 µm wide, anal shield 60 – 67 µm long and 58 – 64 µm wide. Tritosternum as in Fig. 145.	en	Mašán, Peter, Halliday, Bruce (2010): Review of the European genera of Eviphididae (Acari: Mesostigmata) and the species occurring in Slovakia 2585. Zootaxa 2585: 1-122
03C73038FF93FF92448733B9FB3C5576.taxon	discussion	Remarks. There are seven slides of this species in the Berlese Acaroteca (122 / 46 – 49, 196 / 30 – 31 and 196 / 34), most of them are labelled " tipico " or " cotipi ", and together they carry 53 female specimens found on Geotrupes stercorarius in Italy (San Vincenzo, Pisa). Only eleven females on slide 196 / 34 are in good condition and suitable for study. There is no doubt that these Italian specimens are conspecific with those from Slovakia as described in this paper. The species can be easily recognised by the distinctive shortened peritremes and medially constricted dorsal shield, which carries only 27 pairs of setae. This is a well known species which has been redescribed by several authors (Hyatt 1959; Karg 1976; Mašán 1994 a). It is a dung beetle associate usually found on Geotrupes spiniger (Geotrupidae), but occasionally can be also found on other geotrupid species (Haitlinger 1999). Occurrence in Slovakia. (a) Published data. Trnavská Pahorkatina Wold: Brunovce [7373] (Mašán 1994 a; identified as Pelethiphis equestris by Mašán 1994 b). (b) New data. Trnavská Pahorkatina Wold: 11 ♀♀, 16 August 1992, Brunovce [7373].	en	Mašán, Peter, Halliday, Bruce (2010): Review of the European genera of Eviphididae (Acari: Mesostigmata) and the species occurring in Slovakia 2585. Zootaxa 2585: 1-122
03C73038FF94FF9344873199FC8850BE.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis (adults). Dorsal idiosoma (Fig. 139). Idiosoma dorso-ventrally flattened, oval to oblong (the more elongated shape illustrated in Fig. 141 is not compressed, and more accurate and typical). Dorsal shield entire, suboval, completely covering dorsal idiosoma, with inconspicuous flat vertex, not fused to peritrematal shields, with fine reticulation over whole surface, and 30 pairs of setae. Dorsal setae all, smooth and needlelike, medial and posteromedial setae shorter than anterior and marginal setae; j 1 slightly lanceolate, often with ventral position on vertex (Fig. 143); z 1 minute and thin, inserted on ventral vertex. Sexual dimorphism of dorsal chaetotaxy absent. Some dorsal pore-like structures slightly hypertrophied, suboval, conspicuous. Ventral idiosoma (Figs 140, 141). Presternal platelets small, weakly sclerotised, transversely striate (Fig. 144). Sternal shield strongly sclerotised, relatively large, mostly smooth, with three pairs of setae and two pairs of pores; first pair of pores small, slit-like, oriented obliquely. Endopodal platelets II – III completely fused to sternal shield. Endopodal platelets III – IV free in soft integument. Metasternal platelets, very small, each bearing metasternal seta st 4 and adjacent pore. Epigynal shield smooth, with a pair of genital setae; genital pores placed in soft integument; post-genital sclerites absent. Anal shield subtriangular, with three circumanal setae; post-anal seta slightly longer than adanals. Exopodal platelets I and II absent, exopodals III and IV, narrow and curved. Metapodal platelets narrow, elongate. Peritrematal shields not fused to dorsal shield (Fig. 142), not developed along the whole peritreme, with short tapered post-stigmatic section not reaching beyond posterior margin of coxae IV; peritremes long, anterior ends reaching anterior margin of coxa I; anteriormost section of peritremes without peritrematal shield. Lateral and opisthogastric integument simply striated, with ten pairs of setae in female. In male, separate sterno-genital and anal shields present. Gnathosoma. Palptarsus without paired macroeupathidia. Cheliceral segments as in Fig. 141, movable digit with one robust subdistal tooth (Fig. 79). Epistome with elongated central projection and wing-like lateral elements, densely serrated on distal margin (Fig. 102). Legs. Setation of legs I-II-III-IV: coxae 2 - 2 - 2 - 1, trochanters 6 - 5 - 5 - 5, femora 13 - 11 - 6 - 6, genua 11 - 11 - 8 - 7 and tibiae 11 - 10 - 7 - 7 (Table 3). Male legs not spurred. Notes on the genus. The main diagnostic feature for distinguishing of Scarabacariphis from the related genera Alliphis and Pelethiphis seems to be the reduction of the peritrematal shields and their separation from the dorsal shield (Fig. 142). In Alliphis, there is a compact and well developed dorsal-peritrematal complex in the anterolateral region of the idiosoma (Fig. 40). For other differential characters see for example couplet 15 in the key to genera for females. Scarabacariphis is a monotypic genus presently known from Slovakia and Armenia. The insufficiently described species Pelethiphis balachovi Arutunian 1992 a, known from Turkmenistan, could be another member of the genus Scarabacariphis.	en	Mašán, Peter, Halliday, Bruce (2010): Review of the European genera of Eviphididae (Acari: Mesostigmata) and the species occurring in Slovakia 2585. Zootaxa 2585: 1-122
03C73038FF95FF93448733E9FEA95358.taxon	description	(Figs 79, 102, 139 – 144)	en	Mašán, Peter, Halliday, Bruce (2010): Review of the European genera of Eviphididae (Acari: Mesostigmata) and the species occurring in Slovakia 2585. Zootaxa 2585: 1-122
03C73038FF95FF93448733E9FEA95358.taxon	diagnosis	Amendments to diagnosis (adults). Dorsal idiosoma. Dorsal shield 385 – 450 µm long, 215 – 255 µm wide in females, 345 µm long and 210 µm wide in male. In the female, vertical setae j 1 27 – 32 µm long, j 4 29 – 32 µm long, j 5 19 – 22 µm long, shortest dorsal setae z 1, J 1 – J 3 and J 5 10 – 14 µm long, Z 5 35 – 38 µm long, longest dorsal setae 35 – 42 µm long. Ventral idiosoma. Ventral shields usually without distinct ornamentation on surface, only anal and sternogenital shields sometimes delicately reticulated. In the female, sternal shield 90 – 107 µm long and 85 – 95 µm wide, epigynal shield 44 – 54 µm wide, anal shield 64 – 79 µm long and 63 – 76 µm wide.	en	Mašán, Peter, Halliday, Bruce (2010): Review of the European genera of Eviphididae (Acari: Mesostigmata) and the species occurring in Slovakia 2585. Zootaxa 2585: 1-122
03C73038FF95FF93448733E9FEA95358.taxon	discussion	Remarks. This species appears to be specifically associated with Onthophagus fracticornis (Scarabaeidae). Occurence in Slovakia. Verified published data. Považský Inovec Mts.: Hrádok [7373]; Lúka [7373] (Mašán 1994 a).	en	Mašán, Peter, Halliday, Bruce (2010): Review of the European genera of Eviphididae (Acari: Mesostigmata) and the species occurring in Slovakia 2585. Zootaxa 2585: 1-122
03C73038FF96FF9144873267FAB753FE.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis (adults). Dorsal idiosoma (Fig. 147). Idiosoma dorso-ventrally flattened, oblong. Dorsal shield entire, suboval, completely covering dorsal idiosoma, not expanded ventrally, anteriorly produced into strongly developed vertex, fused with anterior sections of peritrematal shields; bearing fine reticulation or longitudinal pattern of fine granulation in submarginal region. Dorsal shield with 30 pairs of mostly short, subequal, uniform needle-like setae, only j 1 and often r 3 modified, thickened and slightly shortened, spine-like, acuminate or obtusely terminated; all setae with dorsal location on shield. Ventral idiosoma (Fig. 148). Ventral shields well sclerotised, without distinct sculptural ornamentation on surface, only anal shield reticulated. Presternal platelets absent. Sternal shield bearing three pairs of setae and two pairs of pores; first pair of pores small, slit-like. Endopodal platelets II – III completely fused to sternal shield; endopodal platelets III – IV free on soft integument or closely abutting posterolateral corners of sternal shield. Metasternal platelets absent; metasternal setae st 4 and adjacent pore inserted in soft integument close to posterior margin of sternal shield. Epigynal shield slender; genital setae and pores located on soft integument adjacent to lateral margins of epigynal shield; post-genital sclerites mostly absent. Anal shield wide, trapezoidal, with three subequal circum-anal setae. Exopodal platelets I – III mostly absent, exopodals IV present, narrow and curved. Metapodal platelets present. Peritrematal shields well developed along the whole peritreme, with anterior parts fused together and to dorsal shield to form the ventral part of vertex; peritremes long and wide; post-stigmatic section of peritrematal shields short, with rounded tips not extending beyond posterior margin of coxae IV. Lateral and opisthogastric integument simply striated, usually with ten pairs of setae. In male, separate sterno-genital and anal shield present. Gnathosoma. Palptarsus with paired macroeupathidia. Movable digit of chelicerae with one subdistal tooth. Spermatodactyl short and simple. Epistome with elongated central projection and wing-like lateral elements serrated on distal margin. Legs. Coxa I and II with at least one ventral seta modified into flat oval disk-like protuberance. Setation of legs I-II-III-IV: coxae 2 - 2 - 2 - 1, trochanters 6 - 5 - 5 - 5, femora 12 - 11 - 6 - 6, genua 11 - 11 - 8 - 7 and tibiae 11 - 10 - 7 - 7 (Table 3). Male femur II with obtuse spur. Notes on the genus. The genus Scarabaspis includes eight described species distributed in Asia (Evans 1957 b; Ishikawa 1968; Liu et al. 1992; Gu & Fan 1997 b), Australia (Evans 1957 b; Womersley 1956), Africa (Ryke & Meyer 1957; Shoemake & Krantz 1966), Europe (Oudemans 1903; Evans 1957 b), and North America (Majka et al. 2007). In Slovakia and Europe, this genus is represented by a single Holarctic species.	en	Mašán, Peter, Halliday, Bruce (2010): Review of the European genera of Eviphididae (Acari: Mesostigmata) and the species occurring in Slovakia 2585. Zootaxa 2585: 1-122
03C73038FF88FF8F44873789FA6C5006.taxon	description	(Figs 47, 147, 148)	en	Mašán, Peter, Halliday, Bruce (2010): Review of the European genera of Eviphididae (Acari: Mesostigmata) and the species occurring in Slovakia 2585. Zootaxa 2585: 1-122
03C73038FF88FF8F44873789FA6C5006.taxon	description	Wrensch, 1981: 108; Mašán, 1994 b: 203; Majka et al., 2007: 692.	en	Mašán, Peter, Halliday, Bruce (2010): Review of the European genera of Eviphididae (Acari: Mesostigmata) and the species occurring in Slovakia 2585. Zootaxa 2585: 1-122
03C73038FF88FF8F44873789FA6C5006.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis (adults). Dorsal idiosoma (Fig. 147). Dorsal shield 565 – 630 µm long, 335 – 395 µm wide in females, 480 – 520 µm long, 280 – 320 µm wide in males, suboval, with longitudinal sculptural pattern of microgranulation in submarginal region and delicate transverse striation on posteriormost surface, with 30 pairs of setae. Most dorsal setae simple, short, needle-like, subequal in length. Setae j 1 and r 3 short, thick, spine-like, tip usually obtusely rounded; j 1 14 – 23 µm long. Ventral idiosoma (Fig. 148). Presternal platelets absent. Sternal shield wider than long, 98 – 112 µm long 129 – 147 µm wide, smooth, with three pairs of short subequal setae. Endopodal platelets II-III completely fused to sternal shield; endopodal platelet III-IV large, anterior margin connected to posterolateral corner of sternal shield. Metasternal platelets absent; metasternal setae st 4 and adjacent pores placed on soft integument. Epigynal shield slender, smooth, slightly constricted medially, 28 – 33 µm wide at narrowest point, 31 – 43 µm wide posteriorly. Genital setae and pores situated on soft integument besides the lateral margins of the shield; post-genital sclerites absent. Anal shield wider than long, 75 – 86 µm long and 109 – 122 µm wide, anterior margin slightly undulating, posterior margin widely rounded, reticulate, with three subequal circum-anal setae and small anus. Metapodal platelets elongate, narrow, curved. Peritrematal shields wide, smooth; poststigmatic sections short, not reaching beyond coxae IV; peritremes wide, conspicuous. Lateral and opisthogastric integument simply striated, with ten pairs of setae in both sexes. Gnathosoma. All features normal for genus. Epistome as in Fig. 47. Legs. Both coxal setae on leg I and posterior coxal seta on leg II modified into flat oval disk-like protuberance. Male femur II with robust and obtuse spur. Chaetotaxy of leg segments as in Table 3.	en	Mašán, Peter, Halliday, Bruce (2010): Review of the European genera of Eviphididae (Acari: Mesostigmata) and the species occurring in Slovakia 2585. Zootaxa 2585: 1-122
03C73038FF88FF8F44873789FA6C5006.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Scarabaspis inexpectatus is a widespread and common species, which is often found in fresh herbivore dung or associated with dung beetles (Scarabaeoidea). Occurrence in Slovakia. (a) Verified published data. Borská Nížina Lowland: Malé Leváre [7467] (Krištofík et al. 1993). Bukovské Vrchy Hills: Nová Sedlica, Vrch Hrbu [6901] (Fenďa & Mašán 2003). Cerová Vrchovina Highland: Hajnáčka, Pohanský Hrad [7785] (Mašán 1995). Podunajská Rovina Flatland: Veľké Blahovo [7991] (Krištofík et al. 2001). Považský Inovec Mts.: Hrádok [7373] (Mašán 1994 a). Trnavská Pahorkatina Wold: Brunovce [7373] (Mašán 1994 a). (b) New data. Borská Nížina Lowland: 17 ♀♀, 8 ♂♂, 24 DN, 23 May 2009, Veľké Leváre [7468]. Muránska Planina Plateau: 2 ♀♀, 3 ♂♂, 7 DN, 20 May 2002, Muráň, Nemecké Lúčky (T. vernalis) [7286]; 1 ♀, 21 May 2002, Muráň [7286]. Považský Inovec Mts.: 6 ♀♀, 16 September 1990, Hrádok, Hrádocká Dolina [7373]; 1 ♀, 23 August 1992, Hrádok, Hrádocká Dolina [7373]; 1 ♀, 1 ♂, 2 July 1994, Lúka, Srnia Dolina [7373]; 4 ♀♀, 1 ♂, 1 DN, 26 April 1998, Hrádok, Hrádocká Dolina (pasture) [7373]; 34 ♀♀, 15 ♂♂, 49 DN, 3 May 2009, Modrová [7373]. Trnavská Pahorkatina Wold: 1 DN, 8 July 1993, Brunovce [7373].	en	Mašán, Peter, Halliday, Bruce (2010): Review of the European genera of Eviphididae (Acari: Mesostigmata) and the species occurring in Slovakia 2585. Zootaxa 2585: 1-122
03C73038FF89FF8C44873361FB245118.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis (adults). Dorsal idiosoma. Dorsal shield and dorsal shield setae strongly sexually dimorphic. Female dorsal shield reduced, not completely covering dorsum, with 11 – 17 pairs of setae; male with dorsal shield covering entire dorsal idiosoma, with 30 pairs of setae. Vertex without anterior ventral extension. Dorsal setae often heterogeneous in form, some strongly modified, thick and elongate. Ventral idiosoma. Presternal platelets absent. In female, sternal shield absent or strongly reduced to a small plate bearing 0 – 2 pairs of sternal setae, usually bearing only setae st 1 and the first pair of pores, and setae st 2 – st 4 with associated pores situated on soft integument; metasternal platelets absent. Male sterno-genital shield tapered posteriorly, with four pairs of sternal setae (st 1 – st 4); st 5 located on soft integument. Genital setae on or off epigynal shield; post-genital or post-sternogenital sclerites present. In female, endopodal platelets well developed, conspicuous, mostly subtriangular; endopodals I separate or fused to sternal plate; endopodals II – III and III – IV free in soft integument, separate or fused; in the male, endopodal platelets II – III fused to sterno-genital shield, endopodals III – IV fused or partly fused to the shield. Anal shield with three circumanal setae, usually subtriangular, sometimes surrounded by sclerotised opisthogastric integument giving the appearance of a ventri-anal shield. Exopodal platelets I – III absent, exopodals IV and metapodals present. Peritrematal shields free, usually developed along the posterior section of peritreme, with short post-stigmatic section; peritremes relatively long, usually with anterior end reaching to or beyond coxa I, not connected into anterolateral margins of dorsal shield. Dorsolateral and opisthogastric soft integument in female usually with more setae than the male. Gnathosoma. Palptarsus without paired macroeupathidium; palpgenu with five setae (al 2 lacking). Cheliceral segments moderately short and stout, cheliceral digits robust (especially in deutonymphs); movable digit bidentate in female, unidentate in male; male spermatodactyl tubular, hooked or bulbed distally. Epistome produced into five or more processes, processes simple or branched, smooth or denticulated distally; median process usually longest. Legs. Setation of legs I-II-III-IV: coxae 2 - 2 - 2 - 1, trochanters 5 - 5 - 5 - 5, femora 12 - 10 - 7 - 6, genua 11 - 10 - 7 / 8 - 7 and tibiae 11 - 9 - 7 - 7 (see Table 3). Male legs not spurred. Notes on the genus. The name of the type species of this genus was originally spelled as T. berlesii by Halbert (1920), and has been incorrectly spelled T. berlesei by subsequent authors. This subsequent spelling is retained here because of its prevailing usage (International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, Article 33.3.1). Halbert (1920) described the male of Lasioseius fucicola and the female of Thinoseius berlesei in the same paper, apparently having been misled by the strong sexual dimorphism that is typical of species of Thinoseius. Evans & Browning (1953) recognised the synonymy of these two species, and chose the name T. fucicola on the basis of page priority. The subfamily classification of the Eviphididae currently places Thinoseius in the subfamily Thinoseiinae, and all other genera in the subfamily Eviphidinae. We agree with Kazemi et al. (2008) that the present subfamily structure is not useful, and it is not used here. There are almost 20 described Thinoseius species recorded from the coasts of North America, Europe, the Middle East, Far Eastern Russia, Japan, sub-Antarctic islands, New Zealand, and Australia (Halbert 1920; Willmann 1939; Sellnick 1940; Evans & Browning 1953; Evans 1954, 1962, 1963 b, 1969; Canaris 1962; Hirschmann 1966 a, 1966 b; Hunter 1970; Bregetova 1977 a; Athias-Henriot 1980; Koyumdjieva 1982; Hennessey & Farrier 1988; Klimov 1998; Takaku 2000; Błaszak et al. 2004; Halliday, personal observations). Representatives of this genus are halophilous and colonise decaying seaweed and other tidal debris on sea coasts. They are frequently phoretic on some crustaceans (Amphipoda) and flies (Coelopidae and Anthomyidae). Aditionally, Klimov (1998) found Thinoseius spinosus on carabid and staphylinid beetles and a scatophagid fly. Four species have been recorded from Europe, but none occur in Slovakia.	en	Mašán, Peter, Halliday, Bruce (2010): Review of the European genera of Eviphididae (Acari: Mesostigmata) and the species occurring in Slovakia 2585. Zootaxa 2585: 1-122
03C73038FF8BFF8A44873483FBF95196.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis (adults). Dorsal idiosoma (Figs 149, 159, 161, 163). Idiosoma subglobular, almost hemispherical in females, dorso-ventrally flattened in males. Dorsal shield entire, suboval to subcircular, lateromarginal area more strongly sculptured than central area, not completely covering dorsal idiosoma in female, fused to anterior sections of peritrematal shields anterolaterally, not expanded ventrally, with flat vertex not extending onto ventral surface, with 30 pairs of setae. Sexual dimorphism of dorsal and ventral chaetotaxy well developed (also in deutonymphs). Most dorsal setae modified in female, thick, often elongated, with pilose rounded tip, stick-like; simple, short and needle-like in male. Setae j 1 well developed, thick and lanceolate; z 1 thin, short, needle-like; in male, z 1 located ventrally on vertex. Striate soft integument in female granulated, at least on dorsal and lateral surface adjacent to dorsal shield. Pore-like structures small and subcircular. Ventral idiosoma (Figs 150, 160, 162 and 164). Presternal platelets absent. Sternal shield with various degree of sclerotisation, sometimes very weakly sclerotised, almost smooth and transparent, not clearly defined; anterior margin straight, anterolateral corners acuminate; posterior margin and rounded posterolateral corners sometimes weakly sclerotised and indistinct; shield with three pairs of setae and two pairs of pores in female, one or two anterior pairs of setae placed on flat mounds; male sterno-genital shield with four or five pairs of setae. Female with seta st 4 and adjacent pore inserted on metasternal platelet. In female, endopodal platelets II – III and III – IV fused or separate, not fused with sternal shield; in male, endopodal platelets II – III fused to sterno-genital shield, endopodals III – IV fused or partly fused to the shield. Epigynal shield relatively long and slender, well defined, slightly constricted medially, acuminate anteriorly, rounded posteriorly, smooth, with a pair of genital setae situated close to posterior margin; genital pores placed on soft integument. Post-genital or post-sternogenital sclerites present. Anal shield free, suboval to subcircular, with three circumanal setae and well developed cribrum; post-anal seta in female thicker than adanal setae, often stick-like. Exopodal platelets I – III absent, exopodals IV present, narrow and curved. Metapodal platelets present. Peritrematal shields well developed along the whole peritreme, with short tapered post-stigmatic section in female, post-stigmatic section in males only vestigial; peritremes short and thick, anterior ends usually reaching posterior or lateral margin of coxa I, rarely shortened to the level of middle of coxa II. Dorsolateral and opisthogastric soft integument in female (and female deutonymph) with increased number of 14 pairs of setae, in male (and male deutonymph) with seven pairs of setae (in both, excluding st 5 in soft integument or on the shield); some setae on female dorsolateral integument modified and similar to those on dorsal shield, these setae in male simple and similar to other ventral setae. Gnathosoma. Palptarsus without paired macroeupathidia. Cheliceral segments moderately short and stout, cheliceral digits robust (especially in deutonymphs); movable digit with two small subdistal teeth in female, or with one strong subdistal tooth in male and deutonymph. Male with short tubular spermatodactyl directed forward or sideward (Fig. 174). Epistome with subtriangular base produced into central projection various in length (Figs 157, 158, 175, 177, 178). Legs. Setation of legs I-II-III-IV: coxae 2 - 2 - 2 - 1, trochanters 5 / 6 - 5 - 5 - 5, femora 13 - 10 / 11 - 6 - 6, genua 11 - 11 - 8 - 7 and tibiae 11 - 9 / 10 - 7 - 7 (Table 3). Male without spur-like setae on legs. Lateral lobes of pulvillus II – IV normal, with rounded margin, not projecting beyond claws (Fig. 156). Notes on the genus. The genus Uroiphis was proposed by Berlese (1903), based on deutonymphs and males of two species, the type species U. scabratus Berlese 1903, and U. striatus Berlese 1903. Karg (1963) then described the new genus Crassicheles, with type species Iphidoides concentricus Oudemans 1904 and one congeneric species C. holsaticus (Willman 1937), based on characters of the deutonymph. Evans (1980) first described and illustrated the adult male of C. greeni Evans 1980 and adult female of C. holsaticus, and Athias-Henriot (1980) described the adults of Bactriphis bacillatus Athias-Henriot 1980. We now know that I. concentricus is a synonym of U. striatus, B. bacillatus is a synonym of U. scabratus, C. holsaticus is also a synonym of U. scabratus, and C. greeni is a member of Uroiphis. Some of the remaining unknown adult stages of Uroiphis and Crassicheles were then discovered; the female of U. greeni by Makarova (1993), and the male of C. striatus by Samšiňák (1984). We have here added new descriptions of the female of C. striatus, the male of U. scabratus, and the female of a new species Uroiphis montivagus sp. nov. Only the male of U. montivagus remains unknown (see identification keys below). Some authors have synonymised the genus Uroiphis with Eviphis (e. g. Ryke & Meyer 1957; Shoemake 1970), and Crassicheles with Thinoseius (e. g. Hirschmann 1966 a). However, on the basis of the adult stages of Uroiphis and Crassicheles, and study of their type species, we have confirmed the validity of both Uroiphis and Crassicheles. These genera can be distinguishing by the features presented in the Table 6. The genus Uroiphis consists of two previously known species, which have been recorded mainly from the European continent. One further species is newly described here. They all occur in various temporary substrates as dung, and decaying plant material, and they are phoretic on insects.	en	Mašán, Peter, Halliday, Bruce (2010): Review of the European genera of Eviphididae (Acari: Mesostigmata) and the species occurring in Slovakia 2585. Zootaxa 2585: 1-122
03C73038FF8DFF8644873209FB005716.taxon	description	(Figs 149 – 158, 170, 172)	en	Mašán, Peter, Halliday, Bruce (2010): Review of the European genera of Eviphididae (Acari: Mesostigmata) and the species occurring in Slovakia 2585. Zootaxa 2585: 1-122
03C73038FF8DFF8644873209FB005716.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis (adults and deutonymph). Dorsal idiosoma (Fig. 149). Sexual dimorphism distinct. In female, idiosoma subglobular, almost hemispherical, strongly sclerotised, 400 – 520 µm long and 300 – 425 µm wide; dorsal shield oval, 315 – 375 µm long and 210 – 270 µm wide, not completely covering dorsal surface, exposing wide strips of granulated lateral and posteromarginal soft integument; posterior margin of shield sometimes slightly concave; surface strongly striated and reticulated, verrucous on surface; dorsal shield setae j 1 lanceolate, z 1 needle-like, other dorsal setae modified, moderately elongated, thickened and flattened, pilose, with almost rounded tip. In male, idiosoma dorso-ventrally flattened; dorsal shield 250 – 315 µm long, suboval, longitudinally striated laterally, completely covering dorsal surface; all dorsal setae normal, needle-like and acuminate. Dorsal shield with indistinct flat vertex, with 30 pairs of setae (z 1 with ventral position in male). Setal lengths in female, j 1 24 – 30 µm, j 5 21 – 25 µm, z 1 13 – 14 µm, most dorsocentral setae 22 – 28 µm, marginal setae usually 30 – 36 µm, J 5 18 – 25 µm, Z 5 21 – 31 µm, S 5 21 – 34 µm. In male, anterior and submarginal setae longer than those on posteromedial surface, j 1 23 – 25 µm, j 5 25 – 28 µm, z 5 9 – 12 µm. Anterolateral margins of dorsal shield fused with peritrematal shields. Pore-like structures small. Ventral idiosoma (Fig. 150). Presternal platelets absent. All ventral shields strongly sclerotised. Sternal shield 68 – 75 µm wide at level of the anterior constriction, 72 – 81 µm long, normally sclerotised, clearly defined, oblong, smooth, anterior margin almost straight, with acuminate anterolateral and rounded posterolateral corners, with three pairs of setae and two pairs of small slit-like pores; first two pairs of setae situated on flat mounds. Endopodal platelets II – III and III – IV free from sternal shield. Metasternal platelets each with metasternal seta st 4 and adjacent pore. Epigynal shield relatively long and slender, 50 – 57 µm in width, slightly constricted medially, acuminate anteriorly, rounded posteriorly, smooth, with a pair of genital setae close to posterior margin; genital pores located in soft integument. Two to three pairs of small elongate postgenital sclerites present. Anal shield suboval to subtriangular, slightly longer than wide, 76 – 80 µm long, 66 – 74 µm wide, with very weak net-like pattern in anterior half, with three circum-anal setae; post-anal seta slightly thickened, subequal or slightly shorter than adanal setae. Exopodal platelets I – III absent, exopodals IV narrow and curved. Metapodal platelets small, suboval or subtriangular. Peritrematal shields well developed along whole peritreme, almost smooth, with short tapered post-stigmatic section; peritremes short, anterior ends reaching posterior level of coxa I. Male with separate sterno-genital and anal shields; sterno-genital shield oblong, 134 µm long, fused with endopodal platelets II – III, smooth, without obvious surface striation or reticulation, with four pairs of setae and three pairs of pores; six post-sternogenital sclerites present; endopodal platelets III – IV not completely fused to sterno-genital shield, with free posterior ends; peritrematal shields well developed, with longitudinal unsclerotised strip in anterior part (Fig. 154); anterior ends of peritremes reaching lateral margin of coxa II; anal shield subcircular, slightly wider than long, 55 µm long and 64 µm wide, with three subequal needle-like circum-anal setae. Chaetotaxy of soft integument sexually dimorphic: in female, dorsolateral and opisthogastric soft integument with 14 pairs of setae, most slightly thickened, especially those with dorsolateral position, four pairs of ventral setae simple and needle-like; in male, all eight pairs of setae (including st 5) inserted on lateral and opisthogastric soft integument simple, short and needlelike. Gnathosoma. Palptarsus without paired macroeupathidia. Movable digit of chelicera with two subdistal teeth in female, or with one strong subdistal tooth in male. Male spermatodactyl short and feeble, tubular, with funnel-like tip. Epistome with subtriangular base and short smooth central projection, this projection pointed in female, obtusely terminated in male. Legs. All leg setae needle-like. Legs never with spurs. Trochanter I with five setae, femur II with ten setae (2 - 4 / 3 - 1), tibia II with nine setae (1 - 4 / 2 - 2); chaetotaxy of other leg segments normal for the family as in Table 3. Deutonymph (Figs 151 – 153, 170, 172). Sexual dimorphism distinct. Female deutonymph (Figs 151, 152) with shorter dorsal setae and greater number of setae on lateral and opisthogastric soft integument than male deutonymph (Fig. 153). Idiosoma suboval, dorso-ventrally flattened. Dorsal idiosoma (Fig. 151). Dorsal shield 280 – 330 µm long, 185 – 225 µm wide, covering whole dorsum, central region smooth, lateral regions with coarse longitudinal striae; with 30 pairs of mostly needle-like setae, only j 1 lanceolate; z 1 often located ventrally. Setal lengths: j 1 24 – 31 µm, j 5 19 – 25 µm, z 5 16 – 21 µm, j 6 14 – 19 µm. Ventral idiosoma (Fig. 152). Presternal platelets absent. Sternal shield subtriangular, well sclerotised, 127 – 138 µm long, anterior margin undulating, posterior margin tapering and rounded, surface smooth, with four pairs of setae and three pairs of pores. Endopodal platelets II – III and III – IV not fused to sternal shield. Sternal setae st 5 located in soft integument close to posterior margin of sternal shield. Four small and slightly elongated post-genital sclerites present. Anal shield subcircular, subequal in length and width or slightly wider than long, 50 – 58 µm long, 51 – 62 µm wide, smooth, with three circum-anal setae and large anus; post-anal seta slightly shorter than adanals. Exopodal platelets I – III absent, exopodals IV narrow and curved. Metapodal platelets elongate, very narrow. Peritrematal shields strongly reduced, almost absent; peritremes well developed, thickened and nodulated posteriorly, anterior ends reaching anterior margin of coxa I; post-stigmatic pore distinct. Lateral and opisthogastric soft integument with 14 pairs of setae in female deutonymphs (Figs 151, 152), seven pairs in male deutonymphs (Fig. 153, in both excluding setae st 5); all ventral setae simple, short and needle-like. Gnathosoma. Cheliceral segments and digits relatively robust (Fig. 170). Epistome as in Fig. 172.	en	Mašán, Peter, Halliday, Bruce (2010): Review of the European genera of Eviphididae (Acari: Mesostigmata) and the species occurring in Slovakia 2585. Zootaxa 2585: 1-122
03C73038FF8DFF8644873209FB005716.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Three deutonymphs of this species were found on the beetle Platystethus arenarius (Staphylinidae), in excrement of the Alpine marmot at an altitude of 1,750 m. Adults, together with deutonymphs, were obtained from cow dung pads that also contained large numbers of various coprophilous beetles. According to Evans (1980), U. greeni is an associate of saprophylic and coprophilic substrates, and rove beetles of the genera Oxytelus and Platystethus (Staphylinidae). Occurrence in Slovakia. New data. Považský Inovec Mts.: 4 ♀♀, 1 ♂, 5 DN, 3 May 2009, Modrová [7373]. Západné Tatry Mts.: 3 DN, 27 July 2005, Zuberec, Smutná Dolina (phoront) [6884].	en	Mašán, Peter, Halliday, Bruce (2010): Review of the European genera of Eviphididae (Acari: Mesostigmata) and the species occurring in Slovakia 2585. Zootaxa 2585: 1-122
03C73038FF80FF844487302CFBB550E6.taxon	description	(Figs 159, 160, 168, 178, 179) Description. Female. Dorsal idiosoma (Fig. 159). Idiosoma subglobular, almost hemispherical, 641 µm long, 451 µm wide. Dorsal shield fused with anterior ends of peritrematal shields anterolaterally, 518 µm long, lightly sclerotised, almost pentagonal, not completely covering dorsal surface, exposing wide strips of granulated lateral and posteromarginal soft integument, with poorly developed flat vertex, smooth centrally, weakly striated marginally, with 30 pairs of setae; dorsal setae j 1, j 2, J 2, z 1 and z 5 short, acuminate, other setae elongate, thickened, stick-like, and with rounded tip. Marginal and lateral setae longer than central setae. Lengths: j 1 41 – 44 µm, j 5 26 – 30 µm, z 5 and J 2 14 – 17 µm, J 5 10 – 12 µm, Z 5 20 – 22 µm, S 5 58 – 62 µm, longest dorsal setae 60 – 65 µm long. Pore-like structures small, barely visible. Ventral idiosoma (Fig. 160). Presternal platelets absent. Sternal shield well sclerotised, anterior and lateral margins distinct, posterior margin indistinct, 114 µm long, 93 µm wide, surface smooth, anterior margin almost straight, anterolateral corners acuminate, posterolateral corners rounded, with three pairs of setae and two pairs of small slit-like pores; first two pairs of sternal setae situated on flat mounds; pores oriented obliquely. Endopodal platelets II – III and III – IV fused, well sclerotised, free from sternal shield. Metasternal platelets each with metasternal seta st 4 and adjacent pore. Epigynal shield long and slender, 65 µm wide, with distinct margins, slightly constricted medially, produced anteriorly into three acuminate points, rounded posteriorly, smooth; genital setae situated close to posterior margin, genital pores located in soft integument. Four small, elongate post-genital sclerites present. Anal shield suboval, 114 µm long, 95 µm wide, smooth, with rounded anterior margin and three circum-anal setae; post-anal seta stick-like, thicker and slightly shorter than adanal setae. Exopodal platelets I – III absent, exopodals IV narrow, curved. Metapodal platelets small and suboval. Peritrematal shields well developed along the whole peritreme, with weak longitudinal striation, poststigmatic section short and tapered; peritremes short, anterior ends reaching posterior level of coxa I. Dorsolateral and opisthogastric soft integument with 14 pairs of setae, setae mostly modified, thickened, elongated and stick-like, only four ventral setae simple and needle-like. Gnathosoma. Palptarsus without paired macroeupathidia. Cheliceral digits typical for genus. Epistome with subtriangular base and short and smooth central projection (Fig. 178). Legs. All leg setae needle-like. Chaetotaxy of legs typical for the family (Table 3). Legs without spurs. Female deutonymph. Idiosoma oval, dorso-ventrally flattened. Dorsal idiosoma (Fig. 168). Dorsal shield 487 µm long, 348 µm wide, covering whole dorsum. Central region of shield delicately reticulated, lateral regions with coarser reticulation and longer longitudinal striae; with 30 pairs of mostly needle-like setae, only j 1 lanceolate; z 1 inserted ventrally. Setal lengths: j 1 35 – 39 µm, j 3 26 – 31 µm, j 4 20 – 23 µm, j 5 14 – 19 µm, J 1 14 – 17 µm, J 2 12 – 15 µm, J 5 12 – 13 µm. Ventral idiosoma. Very similar to that of Uroiphis scabratus (Fig. 166). Presternal platelets absent. Sternal shield large, well sclerotised, 235 µm long, anterior margin undulating, posterior margin tapering and rounded, lateral regions with lineate ornamentation; with four pairs of setae and three pairs of pores. Endopodal platelets II – III and III – IV separate, not fused to sternal shield. Sternal setae st 5 located in soft integument close to posterior margin of sternal shield. Six small and slightly elongated post-genital sclerites present. Anal shield subtriangular, approximately as long as wide, 85 µm long, 88 µm wide, transversely striated, with three subequal circum-anal setae and large anus. Exopodal platelets I – III absent, exopodals IV narrow and curved. Metapodal platelets elongate, narrow, curved. Peritrematal shields strongly reduced, almost absent; peritremes well developed, thick and nodulated in posterior section, anterior ends reaching anterior margin of coxa I; post-stigmatic pore distinct. Lateral and opisthogastric soft integument with 14 pairs of setae (excluding setae st 5); all ventral setae simple, short and needle-like. Gnathosoma. Epistome with subtriangular base and elongate delicately spinate central projection (Fig. 179). Chelicera not visible in available specimens.	en	Mašán, Peter, Halliday, Bruce (2010): Review of the European genera of Eviphididae (Acari: Mesostigmata) and the species occurring in Slovakia 2585. Zootaxa 2585: 1-122
03C73038FF80FF844487302CFBB550E6.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The name of this species is derived from Latin mons (mountains, mountain range) and vagus (wandering, vagabond), referring to its occurrence in the montane zone of Slovakia.	en	Mašán, Peter, Halliday, Bruce (2010): Review of the European genera of Eviphididae (Acari: Mesostigmata) and the species occurring in Slovakia 2585. Zootaxa 2585: 1-122
03C73038FF80FF844487302CFBB550E6.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Holotype. Female. Nízke Tatry Mts.: Bystrá, Trangoška (Petasites) [7083], 26 August 1999; 1 paratype deutonymph, same data as holotype.	en	Mašán, Peter, Halliday, Bruce (2010): Review of the European genera of Eviphididae (Acari: Mesostigmata) and the species occurring in Slovakia 2585. Zootaxa 2585: 1-122
03C73038FF80FF844487302CFBB550E6.taxon	discussion	Remarks. This appears to be a rare species, known only from a single collection in humid raw humus (decaying leaves of Petasites sp.) in a mountainous habitat at an altitude 1,270 m.	en	Mašán, Peter, Halliday, Bruce (2010): Review of the European genera of Eviphididae (Acari: Mesostigmata) and the species occurring in Slovakia 2585. Zootaxa 2585: 1-122
03C73038FF82FF8144873201FDC9550E.taxon	description	(Figs 161 – 167, 169, 174 – 177)	en	Mašán, Peter, Halliday, Bruce (2010): Review of the European genera of Eviphididae (Acari: Mesostigmata) and the species occurring in Slovakia 2585. Zootaxa 2585: 1-122
03C73038FF82FF8144873201FDC9550E.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis (adults and deutonymph). Dorsal idiosoma (Figs 161, 163). Sexual dimorphism distinct. In female, idiosoma subglobular, almost hemispherical, 600 – 750 µm long, 440 – 625 µm wide (Fig. 161); dorsal shield 530 – 560 µm long, weakly sclerotised, smooth and delicately striated on surface, suboval to subcircular, not completely covering dorsal idiosoma, exposing finely granulated strips of lateral and posteromarginal soft integument; dorsal setae j 1, j 2, z 1 pointed and needle-like; other setae elongated, thickened, stick-like, with rounded tips. In male, idiosoma dorso-ventrally flattened; dorsal shield 484 µm long, 347 µm wide, suboval, longitudinally striated and reticulated laterally, completely covering dorsal surface (Fig. 163); all dorsal setae normal, needle-like and acuminate. Dorsal shield with indistinct flat vertex, with 30 pairs of setae; z 1 inserted ventrally in male. Setal lengths: in female, j 1 52 – 58 µm; z 5, J 2, J 5 short, columnar (z 5 20 – 24 µm, J 2 23 – 28 µm, J 5 19 – 41 µm); other setae elongate, e. g. j 5 75 – 80 µm, Z 5 70 – 78 µm, S 5 106 – 115 µm; in male, anterior and submarginal setae longer than posteromedial setae, j 1 and j 5 43 – 47 µm, j 3 50 – 54 µm, j 4 44 – 50 µm; J setae and Z 5 short: J 1 – J 3 14 – 16 µm, J 5 9 – 10 µm, Z 5 12 µm. Dorsal shield fused with anterior ends of peritrematal shields anterolaterally. Pore-like structures small, barely visible. Ventral idiosoma (Figs 162, 164). Presternal platelets absent. Sternal shield very weakly sclerotised, margins indistinct except for anterolateral corners, anterior margin straight, lateral margins concave (Fig. 162); surface smooth and transparent, with three pairs of setae and two pairs of small slit-like pores; first pair of sternal setae situated on flat mounds; sternal pores oriented obliquely. Endopodal platelets II – III and III – IV fused, free from sternal shield. Metasternal setae st 4 and adjacent pores situated on very weakly sclerotised metasternal platelets close to anterolateral margins of epigynal shield, metasternal platelets often indistinct. Epigynal shield long and slender, 75 – 85 µm wide, margins clearly defined, slightly constricted medially, acuminate anteriorly, rounded posteriorly, smooth; genital setae close to posterior margin, genital pores located in soft integument. Six small elongated post-genital sclerites present. Anal shield 118 – 133 µm long, 100 – 116 µm wide, suboval, smooth, with rounded anterior margin and three circum-anal setae; post-anal seta thicker and longer than adanal setae, stick-like. Exopodal platelets I – III absent, exopodals IV narrow and curved. Metapodal platelets small, suboval. Peritrematal shields well developed along whole peritreme, smooth, post-stigmatic section short and tapered; peritremes short, anterior ends reaching posterior margins of coxae I. Male with separate sterno-genital and anal shields (Fig. 164); metapodal platelet narrow, curved; sterno-genital shield 245 µm long, fused with endopodal platelets II – III and III – IV, striate anterolaterally, with five pairs of setae and three pairs of pores; two indistinct post- sternogenital sclerites present; peritrematal shields narrow posteriorly, post-stigmatic section strongly reduced; peritremes short, anterior ends reaching the mid-level of coxa II; anal shield 95 µm long, 74 µm wide, suboval, with rounded anterior margin and truncate posterior margin, with three subequal needle-like circum-anal setae. Chaetotaxy of dorsolateral and opisthogastric integument sexually dimorphic: female with 14 pairs of setae, most of these setae modified, thickened, elongated and stick-like, only two pairs of setae (Jv 1 and Jv 2) simple and needle-like; male with seven pairs of setae; all simple, short and needle-like. Gnathosoma. Palptarsus without paired macroeupathidia. Cheliceral segments and digits relatively robust, movable digit with two subdistal teeth in female, or with one strong subdistal tooth in male. Male spermatodactyl short, tubular, directed forward (Fig. 174). Epistome with subtriangular base and short and smooth central projection in female (Fig. 177), or central projection conspicuously elongated and delicately spinate in male (Fig. 175). Legs. All leg setae needle-like, except some setae on male coxae I and II shortened and markedly thickened, thorn-like. Chaetotaxy of legs normal for the family (Table 3), legs without spurs. Deutonymph (Figs 165 – 169, 176). Sexual dimorphism distinct. Female deutonymph (Figs 165, 166) with longer dorsal setae and more numerous setae on lateral and opisthogastric soft integument than male deutonymph (Figs 167, 169). Idiosoma suboval to ovoid, dorso-ventrally flattened. Dorsal idiosoma (Figs 165, 167). Dorsal shield 430 – 500 µm long, 295 – 345 µm wide, covering whole dorsum, central region smooth or delicately reticulated, lateral regions with coarse reticulation and longitudinal striae; with 30 pairs of setae; j 1 lanceolate, others fine and needle-like, z 1 in ventral position. Setal lengths: j 1 43 – 50 µm, j 2 37 – 46 µm, j 3 36 – 45 µm, j 4 31 – 39 µm, j 5 31 – 41 µm, J 1 23 – 35 µm, J 2 20 – 32 µm, J 5 17 – 27 µm. Ventral idiosoma (Figs 166, 169). Presternal platelets absent. Sternal shield large, well sclerotised, 205 – 235 µm long, anterior margin undulating, posterior margin tapered and rounded, laterally striated, with four pairs of setae and three pairs of pores. Endopodal platelets II – III and III – IV separate, free in soft integument, not fused to sternal shield. Sternal setae st 5 located in soft integument close to posterior margin of sternal shield. Six small slightly elongated post-genital sclerites present. Anal shield suboval, subequal in length and width or slightly longer than wide, 72 – 89 µm long and 66 – 83 µm wide, transversely striated, with three subequal circum-anal setae and large anus. Exopodal platelets I – III absent, exopodals IV narrow, curved. Metapodal platelets narrow, curved. Peritrematal shields strongly reduced, almost absent; peritremes well developed, thick and nodulated posteriorly, anterior ends reaching anterior margin of coxa I; post-stigmatic pore distinct. Lateral and opisthogastric soft integument with 14 pairs of setae in female deutonymphs (Fig. 166) or seven pairs of setae (Fig. 169) in male deutonymphs (excluding setae st 5); all ventral setae simple, short and needle-like. Gnathosoma. Cheliceral segments and digits robust (Fig. 169). Epistome as in Fig. 176.	en	Mašán, Peter, Halliday, Bruce (2010): Review of the European genera of Eviphididae (Acari: Mesostigmata) and the species occurring in Slovakia 2585. Zootaxa 2585: 1-122
03C73038FF82FF8144873201FDC9550E.taxon	discussion	Remarks. There are seven slides of this species in the Berlese Acaroteca (and one vial which was not examined). Four of the slides are labelled Uroiphis scabratus, viz. 12 / 37, 24 / 4, 204 / 17 – 18, from dung and leaf litter in Italy (Firenze). These slides contain two males and seven deutonymphs, most of which are clearly visible. There are three other slides in the collection (159 / 12 – 14), with two deutonymphs of this species, but labelled Uroiphis striatus. Examination of these Berlese specimens confirmed the conspecificity of U. scabratus with the European species Crassicheles holsaticus. U. scabratus was designated as the type species of Uroiphis by Berlese (1903). Berlese did not designate or label any specimen as the type of this species, but Castagnoli & Pegazzano (1985) referred to slide number 12 / 37 as the type. This species is saprophylic and coprophilic, and is found in decaying organic matter, usually together with Crassicheles striatus, a common and often highly abundant species. Its deutonymphs are known from phoretic associations with coprophilous insects including sphaerocerid flies (Diptera) and staphylinid beetles (Coleoptera). The adults are relatively rare. It is distributed from lowlands up to the subalpine zone (1,600 m in Malá Fatra Mts.). Occurrence in Slovakia. (a) Verified published data. Belianske Tatry Mts.: Tatranská Kotlina, Ľadová Pivnica [6787] (Fenďa & Košel 2004, 2005). Bukovské Vrchy Hills: Zboj [6901] (Fenďa & Mašán 2003). Podunajská Rovina Flatland: without collection data (Fenďa et al. 1998 b). (b) New data. Borská Nížina Lowland: 4 DN, 23 May 2009, Veľké Leváre [7468]. Malá Fatra Mts.: 1 DN, 11 June 1997, Šútovo, Chleb [6880]. Malé Karpaty Mts.: 25 DN, 14 May 1993, Bratislava, zoopark [7868]; 10 DN, 25 May 1993, Bratislava, zoopark (Quedius) [7868]; 1 DN, 25 May 1993, Bratislava, zoopark (Tachinus) [7868]; 3 DN, 5 May 2004, Bratislava, Patrónka [7868]. Podbeskydská Brázda hills: 1 DN, 9 July 2001, Oravská Polhora, Slaná Voda [6482]. Podunajská Rovina Flatland: 2 DN, 26 May 1993, Bratislava, Podunajské Biskupice [7869]. Považský Inovec Mts.: 1 DN, 16 September 1990, Hrádok, Hrádocká Dolina [7373]; 3 DN, 7 June 1998, Lúka (dung) [7373]; 2 DN, 10 May 1998, Lúka [7373]; 3 ♀♀, 7 DN, 10 May 1998, Hrádok, Hrádocký Potok [7373]; 1 DN, 3 May 2009, Modrová [7373]. Slovenský Kras Karst: 5 DN, 21 July 2003, Silica, Silická Ľadnica (moss) [7489]. Trnavská Pahorkatina Wold: 1 ♂, 578 DN, 3 May 1993, Brunovce [7373]; 23 ♀♀, 46 DN, 28 April 2002, Horná Streda [7373]. Žilinská Kotlina Basin: 4 DN, 17 October 1995, Stráňavy [6878].	en	Mašán, Peter, Halliday, Bruce (2010): Review of the European genera of Eviphididae (Acari: Mesostigmata) and the species occurring in Slovakia 2585. Zootaxa 2585: 1-122
03C73038FFB8FFBE4487346CFD245123.taxon	discussion	Remarks. There is only one specimen of this species in the Berlese Acaroteca, on slide number 196 / 33, labelled " tipico ". It contains a poor quality female specimen from Germany. The length of the specimen is 458 µm. It has an unpaired J seta between dorsal setae J 2 and J 5, suggesting that this species is similar to Alliphis siculus; both were collected from the same beetle host, Scarabaeus semipunctatus. The only obvious difference between these species seems to be the length of the central dorsal shield setae (for example length of J 2 is 32 µm in undulatus, while 22 µm in siculus).	en	Mašán, Peter, Halliday, Bruce (2010): Review of the European genera of Eviphididae (Acari: Mesostigmata) and the species occurring in Slovakia 2585. Zootaxa 2585: 1-122
03C73038FFB8FFBE44873789FE0F5730.taxon	discussion	Remarks. There are two slides identified as this species in the Berlese Acaroteca, each with one specimen, from Spain and India. Neither of them is labelled as the type, although the specimen from Copris hispanus in Spain (135 / 38) is identified as the type in the catalogue of Castagnoli & Pegazzano (1985). The original description by Berlese (1910) referred to only one specimen, from Copris hispanus in Spain, so this specimen must be the holotype. It is obvious that the two specimens belong to two different species, although they are not in good enough condition for precise examination. The female on slide 135 / 38 is a weakly sclerotised female (apparently freshly-moulted), and is clearly a member of the genus Alliphis (perhaps even Alliphis halleri). The second specimen, on slide 90 / 39, is a female found on Catharsius sabaeus from India. It is an incomplete specimen of Alliphis, with the posterior idiosoma dissected and missing, and the anterior section of the peritreme atypically reaching to a point between setae j 1 and z 1. The species cannot be recognised on the basis of these specimens.	en	Mašán, Peter, Halliday, Bruce (2010): Review of the European genera of Eviphididae (Acari: Mesostigmata) and the species occurring in Slovakia 2585. Zootaxa 2585: 1-122
03C73038FFB8FFBE4487327BFCBB52A6.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Shoemake (1970) considered Iphis ciliatus Koch 1839 (Germany) to be a senior synonym of Iphis crinitus Berlese 1882 a (Italy). However, in the absence of any material of I. ciliatus, this synonymy cannot be confirmed (see the discussion of Pelethiphis crinitus above).	en	Mašán, Peter, Halliday, Bruce (2010): Review of the European genera of Eviphididae (Acari: Mesostigmata) and the species occurring in Slovakia 2585. Zootaxa 2585: 1-122
03C73038FFB8FFBE448731C9FAB153D0.taxon	discussion	Remarks. It appears that this species was described by Berlese (1882 c). However, no copies of this publication can be located (van der Hammen 1979). The specimens are also missing from the Berlese Acaroteca (Castagnoli & Pegazzano 1985). Berlese (1883) recorded its rare occurrence in moss at Acireale, Sicily.	en	Mašán, Peter, Halliday, Bruce (2010): Review of the European genera of Eviphididae (Acari: Mesostigmata) and the species occurring in Slovakia 2585. Zootaxa 2585: 1-122
03C73038FFB9FFBF448737FCFBDD55DB.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Ameroseius oviforme Schweizer 1949 was transferred to the genus Alliphis by Schweizer (1961). Shoemake (1970) suggested that it probably belonged in the family Ascidae. Gwiazdowicz & Halliday (2008) agreed, and synonymised this species with Iphidozercon gibbus (Berlese 1903).	en	Mašán, Peter, Halliday, Bruce (2010): Review of the European genera of Eviphididae (Acari: Mesostigmata) and the species occurring in Slovakia 2585. Zootaxa 2585: 1-122
03C73038FFB9FFBF44873553FB2F5766.taxon	discussion	Remarks. The four pairs of clavate setae on the coxae of the deutonymph of this species suggest that it is very similar to if not identical with Halolaelaps octoclavatus (Vitzthum, 1920) (Halolaelapidae).	en	Mašán, Peter, Halliday, Bruce (2010): Review of the European genera of Eviphididae (Acari: Mesostigmata) and the species occurring in Slovakia 2585. Zootaxa 2585: 1-122
03C73038FFB9FFBF44873491FBF75088.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Although Berlese (1903) provisionally placed this species in the genus Eviphis, he simultaneously suggested it could belong to his new genus Iphidozercon Berlese 1903. It is now considered as the type species of Iphidozercon (Ascidae, reviewed by Gwiazdowicz & Halliday 2008)	en	Mašán, Peter, Halliday, Bruce (2010): Review of the European genera of Eviphididae (Acari: Mesostigmata) and the species occurring in Slovakia 2585. Zootaxa 2585: 1-122
03C73038FFBAFFBC44873479FB9057CD.taxon	description	Iphidosoma razumovae Bregetova, 1977 a: 564. Iphidosoma razumovae. — Kethley, 1983: 2599; Karg, 1993: 95; Peverieri et al., 2007 b: 174.	en	Mašán, Peter, Halliday, Bruce (2010): Review of the European genera of Eviphididae (Acari: Mesostigmata) and the species occurring in Slovakia 2585. Zootaxa 2585: 1-122
03C73038FFBAFFBC4487335CFC4E5113.taxon	discussion	Remarks. This species was described in the genus Pelethiphis by Koyumdjieva (1977), but Makarova (1998) transferred it to the genus Coleolaelaps Berlese 1914 (Laelapidae).	en	Mašán, Peter, Halliday, Bruce (2010): Review of the European genera of Eviphididae (Acari: Mesostigmata) and the species occurring in Slovakia 2585. Zootaxa 2585: 1-122
