taxonID	type	description	language	source
03C71F47FFD8FF9EDABCC0F8FD4DFEF3.taxon	description	(Figures 1 – 24) urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 396 D 61 D 8 - 4620 - 4 E 78 - 9701 - CAA 94 B 4614 FD	en	Farahi, Sara, Shishehbor, Parviz, Nemati, Alireza, Witaliński, Wojciech (2019): Trachygamasus karuni sp. nov., a new mite species from Iran (Parasitiformes: Parasitidae). Zootaxa 4706 (3): 439-450, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4706.3.4
03C71F47FFD8FF9EDABCC0F8FD4DFEF3.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis (female and male). Cuticle well sclerotised with many regularly distributed pits; podonotum with 23 pairs of setae (all four sets of normal setae present except setae r 1), setae j 4, z 5 and r 3 thickened and terminally pilose, seta j 1 only moderately; opisthonotum with 24 setae and 2 – 3 lateral setae unidentifiable on each side, setae Z 1, Z 4 thicker and apically pilose; opisthogastric setae JV 4, JV 5 and ZV 4 enlarged and terminally pilose, in females setae JV 5 and ZV 4 located on soft cuticle; gnathotectum trispinate with central prong broader and more solid than the lateral ones which are thin and acute, sometimes curved; gv 1 gland pores not discernible; sternal poroid iv 3 circular, pore iv 5 followed laterally by three-opening gv 2 gland. Female: epigynium bell-shaped with convex lateral margins and concave posterior margin; endogynium hyaline and poorly visible as axially elongated saccule. Male: presternal platelets large; genital lamina with bar-shaped anterior thickening and a hyaline protrusion directed anteriad; sternal setae st 1 far from the anterior sternal margin; leg II with minute spurs: one on the femur and one on the genu, whereas none on the tibia.	en	Farahi, Sara, Shishehbor, Parviz, Nemati, Alireza, Witaliński, Wojciech (2019): Trachygamasus karuni sp. nov., a new mite species from Iran (Parasitiformes: Parasitidae). Zootaxa 4706 (3): 439-450, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4706.3.4
03C71F47FFD8FF9EDABCC0F8FD4DFEF3.taxon	description	Description. Female (Figures 1 – 4, 6 – 13) Dorsal idiosoma (Figure 1 A). Idiosoma well sclerotised, brownish and pyriform in outline, 485 – 560 long, 325 – 450 wide (n = 6), holotype 560 long, 405 wide. Podonotum and opisthonotum separated by lines in cuticle behind podonotal setae. Cuticle with many regularly distributed pits. Dorsal setae simple, except j 1, j 4, r 3, z 5, Z 1 and Z 4 larger and terminally pilose (Figure 1 B), seta j 1 only moderately. Length of simple dorsal setae: 14 – 20, larger setae length: 22 – 27 (j 1), 29 – 33 (j 4), 42 – 47 (r 3), 30 – 33 (z 5), 31 – 34 (Z 1), 29 – 37 (Z 4). Length of peritrematal groove 258 – 275 (holotype 275); expanded behind coxa I, ending near podonotal seta z 1 and poroid idj 1 (Figures 2 and 3). Ventral idiosoma (Figure 2). Presternal plates (Figures 2 and 6) distinct, with anterior and lateral margins thickened. Tritosternum present, biramous. Sternal shield with moderately visible reticulation in the anterior part and two pairs of circular depressions posteriorly to the sternal poroids iv 2, and behind st 4 setae (Figures 2 and 7). Idiosoma margin behind anus convex. Genital region (Figures 2 and 7). Paragynia fused with the sternal shield. Poroids iv 3 roundish, gv 1 absent. Epigynal shield bell-shaped, with convex lateral margins and concave posterior margin; three pairs of thickenings, located in the central part of epigynium, are discernible (Figure 7). Endogynium (Figures 2, 7 and 8) hyaline, weakly visible as an axially oriented saccular structure, with thin arcuate lines located laterally. Poroids iv 5 situated at some distance behind the posterior epigynal margin, gv 2 gland with three openings. Setation of ventral idiosoma. Setae of sternogenital region — holotype: 20 (st 1), 17 (st 2), 18 (st 3), 20 (st 4), 21 (st 5); paratypes: 18 – 25 (st 1), 17 – 25 (st 2), 16 – 20 (st 3), 13 – 16 (st 4), 16 – 18 (st 5). Opisthogaster setae — holotype: 26 (JV 1), 36 (JV 2), 34 (JV 3), 41 (JV 4), 13 (ZV 1), 37 (ZV 2 and ZV 3), 16 (Ad); paratypes: 21 – 25 (JV 1), 27 – 35 (JV 2), 29 – 35 (JV 3), 32 – 38 (JV 4), 10 – 14 (ZV 1), 27 – 33 (ZV 2), 26 – 34 (ZV 3), 16 – 20 (Ad). Sternal and opisthogastric setae simple except JV 4 enlarged and terminally pilose. Setae JV 5 and ZV 4 located on soft cuticle and similar to JV 4. Gnathosoma (Figures 4, 9, 10). Gnathotectum trispinate (Figure 9), central prong with rounded apex, lateral prongs narrow and sharply pointed. Corniculi conical and short. Hypostome (Figure 4): hypognathal groove with 4 – 7 rows of denticles, hypostomatic and palpcoxal setae simple, internal posterior hypostomatic setae longer, i. e. ca. twice the length of the external posterior setae. Chelicera (Figure 10): fixed digit with one tooth in the front and three teeth behind pilus dentilis, the posterior tooth divided into two parts, anterior and posterior. Movable digit with three teeth, the proximal one largest. Palp trochanter with seta v 1 and v 2 simple. Setae al on palp femur and genu spatulate. Legs. Coxa I with a thickening indented at the level between setae v 1 and v 2 (Figure 11). Ambulacra of legs II – IV characteristic, i. e. anterior pulvilli irregular in shape, but terminally rounded, lateral pulvilli narrow, curved and acuminate (Figure 12). Leg chaetotaxy normal, all setae smooth and needle-like except for posterolateral and some posterodorsal setae on genu and tibia I, femur II, genu II and tibia II, as well as genu IV and tibia IV which are narrow, but terminally blunt (Figure 13). Other aspects of the leg structure and setation unremarkable. Male (Figures 5, 14 – 24) Dorsal idiosoma (Figure 14). Paratypes with holodorsal shield showing poorly discernible border between podonotum and opisthonotum. Idiosoma oval, well sclerotised and brown, 460 – 485 long, 260 – 315 wide, n = 5. Dorsal setation as in female: podonotal setae simple except for j 1, j 4, r 3 and z 5. The length of simple podonotal setae 12 – 18, j 1 18 – 24, j 4 29 – 33, r 3 39 – 42, z 5 33. Opisthonotal setae as in the female. The length of simple opisthonotal setae is 13 – 16, Z 1 30 – 33, Z 4 21 – 26. Peritrematal groove 248 – 258 long, expanding to beyond coxa I. Cuticle shows many regularly distributed pits. Ventral idiosoma (Figure 15). Tritosternum absent, presternal plates large (Figures 15 and 16). Sternogenital shield anterior margin (Figures 15 and 16) with a concavity behind the genital lamina. Genital lamina shows a short posterior part covered with sternum; in its anterior part there are two lateral thickenings and a bar-shaped anterior thickening. Poorly visible, anteriorly protruded, apically barbed hyaline extension is present (Figure 16). Sternal setae simple and similar, their length: 17 – 21 (st 1 – st 3), 16 – 17 (st 4), 12 – 13 (st 5); opisthogastric setae simple except for JV 4, as well as JV 5 and ZV 4 which are larger and terminally pilose and located marginally, or setae JV 5 even somewhat dorsally. Their length: 20 – 21 (JV 1), 25 – 27 (JV 2 and JV 3), 29 – 33 (JV 4, JV 5, ZV 4), 9 – 10 (ZV 1), 24 – 27 (ZV 2, ZV 3), 12 – 14 (Ad). Sternal poroids iv 3 circular. Idiosomal margin behind the anus is convex. Gnathosoma (Figure 5, 17 – 19). Gnathotectum trispinate (Figure 18), central prong larger than the lateral prongs and rounded terminally, ending with an additional pointed apex. Lateral prongs acuminate as in female. Corniculi (Figures 5 and 17) short and conical; hypognathal groove with 5 – 6 posterior rows of denticles (Figure 5). Hypostomatic and palpcoxal setae simple; internal posterior hypostomatics more than double length of external ones. Chelicera (Figure 19): fixed digit with two minute denticles in front of pilus dentilis and dentate lamellar ridge behind pilus dentilis. Movable digit with one tooth followed by a sinuous ridge. Palp trochanter (Figure 17) with a thickened ridge anteroventrally; seta v 1 and v 2 simple. Anterolateral setae on the palp femur and genu spatulate. Legs. Characteristic ambulacra of legs II – IV as in the female. Leg II (Figures 20 – 24) spurred as follows: the femur with one minute spur ventrally, genual spur located anteroventrally. Both spurs minute and conical. Posterolateral seta pl 1 on the femur, posterolateral setae pl 1 and pl 2 on the genu and tibia, as well as posterodorsal setae pd 1 on the genu and the tibia thickened and terminally pilose. The other setae on leg II simple. Some anterodorsal setae on femur IV and genu IV terminally blunt. Other aspects of the legs unremarkable.	en	Farahi, Sara, Shishehbor, Parviz, Nemati, Alireza, Witaliński, Wojciech (2019): Trachygamasus karuni sp. nov., a new mite species from Iran (Parasitiformes: Parasitidae). Zootaxa 4706 (3): 439-450, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4706.3.4
03C71F47FFD8FF9EDABCC0F8FD4DFEF3.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific name karuni refers to the Karun, Iran’s only navigable river, running along the sam- pling areas for the new species.	en	Farahi, Sara, Shishehbor, Parviz, Nemati, Alireza, Witaliński, Wojciech (2019): Trachygamasus karuni sp. nov., a new mite species from Iran (Parasitiformes: Parasitidae). Zootaxa 4706 (3): 439-450, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4706.3.4
03C71F47FFD8FF9EDABCC0F8FD4DFEF3.taxon	discussion	Remarks. As shown in the key to Trachygamasus species, the newly described species is morphologically similar to T. borealis Ma & Wang, 1996, T. gerdi Witaliński, 2017 and T. pseudogerdi Yao, Jin & Zhang, 2019. Trachygamasus karuni can be easily distinguished from these species due to the characteristic sternal (paragynal) poroids iv 3, which are roundish rather than elongate, as well as the shape of the saccular endogynium in the female. The males of the newly described species are distinguishable due to leg II spurs, one on femur II and one on genu II, but not on tibia II. To date, T. karuni sp. nov. is the only Trachygamasus this type of spur arrangement on leg II. The new species is the fifth species of Trachygamasus showing spurs on leg II in the male. The others are T. borealis Ma & Wang, T. medianus Tichomirov, T. gerdi Witaliński, 2017 and T. pseudogerdi Yao, Jin & Zhang, 2019. It should be emphasised that the spurs in Trachygamasus males are minute, even if present, and thus may have been overlooked, especially in earlier descriptions. It is the fourth species with a characteristic, hyaline uniramous anterior protrusion of the male genital lamina.	en	Farahi, Sara, Shishehbor, Parviz, Nemati, Alireza, Witaliński, Wojciech (2019): Trachygamasus karuni sp. nov., a new mite species from Iran (Parasitiformes: Parasitidae). Zootaxa 4706 (3): 439-450, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4706.3.4
