Radiatus panamensis Grishin, 2023

Radiatus panamensis Grishin , new species

https://zoobank.org/ FF987ADB-7F20-4972-9BFE-C5B24701E914

( Fig. 7 part, 177–178, 410–412)

Definition and diagnosis. Phylogenetic trees reveal that specimens from Panama that someone associated with Artines Godman, 1901 ( type species Hesperia aquilina Plötz, 1882 ) are sister to South American Radiatus bradus O. Mielke, 1968 ( type locality in Brazil: Distrito Federal) while being genetically differentiated from it ( Fig. 7): e.g., their COI barcodes differ by 4.6% (30 bp), and therefore represent a new species of Radiatus O. Mielke, 1968 ( type species R. bradus ). This new species differs from its only close relative R. bradus by the presence of forewing discal and sometimes subapical spots, longer, dash-like postdiscal spots between veins on ventral hindwing, less prominent pale area by dorsal forewing inner margin ( Fig. 177–178), more extended harpe, longer process of ampulla, longer saccus, narrower undivided uncus, wider separated gnathos arms, and stronger bent aedeagus ( Fig. 410–412). This species is not cryptic. In DNA, a combination of the following base pairs is diagnostic in the nuclear genome: aly318.14.8:A156T, aly361.13.3:G40C, aly 2379.4.3:T30C, aly 2011.1.3:C117T, aly 2011.1.3:C192G, and COI barcode: A70G, A130T, T212C, T337C, T799A.

Barcode sequence of the holotype. Sample NVG-20053H06, GenBank OR837703, 658 base pairs: AACTTTATATTTTATTTTTGGAATTTGAGCAGGAATATTAGGAACTTCATTAAGTTTATTAATTCGAACGGAATTAGGTAACCCAGGCTCTTTAATT GGAGATGATCAAATTTATAATACTATTGTAACTGCTCACGCTTTTATTATAATTTTTTTTATAGTAATACCTATTATAATTGGAGGATTTGGAAATT GATTAGTTCCTTTAATACTAGGAGCTCCTGATATAGCTTTCCCACGAATAAATAACATAAGATTTTGAATATTACCACCTTCTTTAATATTATTAAT TTCAAGAAGAATTGTTGAAAATGGTGCAGGTACTGGATGAACTGTCTATCCCCCCCTTTCTTCTAATATTGCTCACCAAGGATCTTCAGTTGACTTA GCAATTTTTTCATTACATTTAGCAGGTATTTCTTCAATTTTAGGAGCTATTAATTTTATTACTACAATTATTAATATACGAATTAGAAATTTATCAT TTGATCAAATACCATTATTTGTTTGATCTGTAGGAATTACAGCATTATTACTTCTTTTATCTTTACCTGTTTTAGCTGGAGCTATTACAATACTTCT TACAGACCGAAATTTAAATACTTCATTTTTTGATCCTGCTGGAGGAGGGGATCCAATTTTATATCAACATTTATTT

Type material. Holotype: ♂ deposited in the Mississippi Entomological Museum , Starkville, MS, USA ( MEM), illustrated in Fig. 177–178, bears the following three rectangular labels, two white: [ Panama: Panama | Cerro Jefe | “elfin forest” | ca. 950 m. | N 09° 13′ 27.1″ | W 079° 22′ 32.9″ | July 31, 2010 | J. R. MacDonald], [DNA sample ID: | NVG-20053H06 | c/o Nick V. Grishin], and one red [ HOLOTYPE ♂ | Radiatus panamensis | Grishin] . Paratypes: 2♂♂ and 1♀ from Panama, John R. MacDonald leg. in MEM: 1♂ NVG-2067 Panama: Cocle, El Valle , 800-850 m, 7-Jan-1986, John R. MacDonald leg., genitalia vial no. RAA 0212 ; 1♂ NVG-1781 Cocle, El Valle , 800-850 m, 7-Jan-1986, John R. MacDonald leg. ; 1♀ NVG-1780 Panama, Cerro Jefe , ca. 950 m, GPS 9.22419, −79.37581, 31-Jul-2010, John R. MacDonald leg. GoogleMaps

Type locality. Panama: Panama Province, Cerro Jefe, elevation ca. 950 m, GPS 9.22419, −79.37581

Etymology. The name is given for the type locality and is an adjective.

Distribution. Known only from Panama but may be present in western Colombia.

Comment. A significant extension of the range of this formerly monotypic genus known only from South America.