Sicarius lanuginosus, Nicolet, 1849

Sicarius lanuginosus View in CoL : Simon , 1893: 271.

Note: This species was recognized on the basis of the proportionally longer legs and morphology of the femoral macrosetae.

Diagnosis: Differs from S. thomisoides and S. yurensis stat. nov. in the small size and by possessing a posteriorly truncate sternum, white macrosetae in the femora and black prolateral setae in the femora. Differs from S. fumosus by the medially widened macrosetae in the femora ( Fig. 40A View Figure 40 ; not widened in S. fumosus , Fig. 40B View Figure 40 ), and by having brown markings at the border of the sternum (as in Fig. 30D View Figure 30 ). The most similar species is S. crustosus : males differ by the shorter embolus bearing a proximal hump ( Fig. 42B, C View Figure 42 ) (longer and sinuous in S. crustosus ); females differ by having rounded reservatories at the apex of the spermathecae branches, and by having the two median pairs of branches with about the same size, but clearly longer than the most lateral ones ( Fig. 42E – H View Figure 42 ) (rounded reservatories absent and gradual reduction of length in the branches in S. crustosus ).

Description: Male ( Elqui , Coquimbo, Chile, AMNH). Coloration: carapace, chelicerae, labium and endites reddish brown, sternum light brown with dark brown markings on margin, legs light brown, abdomen brownish yellow. Total length 9.38. Carapace length 4.92, anterior width 1.67, thoracic region width 4.82. Eye diameters and interdistances: PME 0.2, ALE 0.2, PLE 0.2, PME – PLE 0.31, ALE – PLE 0.23. Clypeus height 0.86. Eye tubercles present. Macrosetae in lateral border of the carapace in multiple rows. Femora with prolateral black setae in a zig-zag pattern, white macrosetae present, medially widened. Sternum length 2.12, width 2.55, cordiform. Femoral thorns: 4. Leg I: femur 6.08 long, patella 2.03, tibia 6.34, metatarsus 4.62, tarsus 2.43. II: fe 6.75, ti 6.34. III: fe 6.27, ti 5.39. IV: fe 6.2, pa 1.9, ti 5.39, mt 4.23, ta 2.32. Abdomen: length 4.43, width 4.02. Palp as in Figure 42A and B View Figure 42 .

Female (Punta Choros, Coquimbo, Chile, LEULS). As in male, except for the following. Total length 10.88. Carapace length 4.46, anterior width 1.6, thoracic region width 4.21. Eye diameters and interdistances: PME 0.18, ALE 0.23, PLE 0.2, PME – PLE 0.31, ALE – PLE 0.13. Clypeus height 0.66. Sternum length 1.91, width 2.2, cordiform. Femoral thorns: 4. Leg I: femur 4.77 long, patella 1.67, tibia 4.82, metatarsus 3.4, tarsus 2.08. II: fe 5.25, ti 4.67. III: fe 4.77, ti 4.67. IV: fe 4.92, pa 1.53, ti 4.98, mt 1.98, ta 3.22. Abdomen: length 6.41, width 5.45. Spermathecae branches: 8. Ventral branches present, one pair, straight. Spermathecae as in Figure 42E and F View Figure 42 .

Variation: Males (N = 5): carapace length 3.09 – 5.66 (4.28), femoral thorns 4 – 5, femur II length 3.92 – 7.92 (5.73). Females (N = 3): carapace length 3.15 – 4.62 (4.08), femoral thorns 4, femur II length 3.76 – 5.73 (4.91), spermathecae branches 8 – 9. Some males have the proximal hump more subtle than others ( Fig. 42B, C View Figure 42 ), making differentiation from S. crustosus difficult at times. The distance between spermathecae in the females varies ( Fig. 42F, H View Figure 42 ). Female subadults have spermathecae with four short, medially grouped branches ( Fig. 42D View Figure 42 ).

Natural history: This is a very elusive species; we have visited some of the localities where museum specimens were collected, but could not find individuals by active search. It is very rare in collections, the only large series being that of longterm ecological studies deposited in LEULS. Specimens come from areas of xeric coastal vegetation.

Distribution: Apparently endemic to a small coastal area in Southern Atacama region and Northern Coquimbo region, Chile ( Fig. 26C).

Additional material examined: CHILE. Regi on � III de Atacama: Huasco, Freirina, Caleta Cha naral ~ de Aceituno (71.48759, 29.07202, 41 m), M.J. Ram � ırez et al., 30/X/2011, 1 # (MACN-Ar 32332); Isla de Cha naral ~ [71.57649, 29.03346, 65 m], L.E. Pe na ~, 30/X/1980, 1 $ 1 imm. (AMNH). Regi on � IV de Coquimbo: Elqui , Coquimbo, La Pampilla [71.33333, 29.95, 2 m], P. Vera, 11/VI/2011, 1 # (LEULS); La Higuera, 9 km S Cruz Grande (71.31667, 29.5, 5 m), N.I. Platnick et al., 11/XI/ 1993, 1 # (AMNH); Los Choros [71.46047,

29.24025, 40 m], D. Valdivia, 7/X/2005, 1 $ ( LEULS) ; D. Valdivia & J. Pizarro-Araya, 2007, 1 imm. ( LEULS) ; F. Alfaro, 1 # ( LEULS) ; J. Pizarro-Araya , 25/VIII/2005, 1 imm. ( LEULS) ; J. Pizarro-Araya & D. Valdivia, 26/VIII/2005, 1 imm. ( LEULS) ; L. Espinosa , 18/XI/2005, 1 # ( LEULS) ; P. Gachon , 19/II/2005, 1 $ ( LEULS) ; 17 – 20/XI/2005, 1 $ 1 imm. ( LEULS) ; Punta Choros [71.46028, 29.249, 40 m], C. Farias, 7/X/2005, 1 imm. ( LEULS) GoogleMaps ; C. Flores, 4/ VI /2005, 1 # ( LEULS) ; J. Pizarro-Araya , 25/VIII/ 2005, 1 imm. ( LEULS) ; L. Espinoza , 27/VIII/2005, 1 # ( LEULS) ; 7/X/2005, 1 $ ( LEULS) ; P. Gachon , 4/ VI / 2005, 1 imm. ( LEULS) ; 8/X/2005, 1 imm. ( LEULS) ; V. Rodriguez , 4/ VI /2005, 1 $ ( LEULS) ; 25 – 28/VIII/ 2005, 1 # ( LEULS) , 4 imm. ( LEULS) ; 7/X/2005, 1 # 1 imm. ( LEULS) ; 6 – 7/X/2005, 3 # 1 imm. ( LEULS) ; 6 – 9/X/2005, 1 # ( LEULS) , 2 # 3 imm. ( LEULS) ; 17 – 20/XI/2005, 1 # 3 imm. ( LEULS) , 2 # 2 imm. ( LEULS) ; Quebrada Los Choros [71.066, 29.35, 476 m], 1 # ( LEULS) ; La Serena , 20 km N La Serena, Rt. 5, km 491 [71.33333, 29.76667, 120 m], N.I. Platnick et al., 6/X/1992, 1 # ( AMNH) GoogleMaps .

PERUVIAN SPECIES

Three species, one of them with two subspecies, have been cited from Peru: S. terrosus , S. peruensis ( Keyserling, 1880) , S. gracilis ( Keyserling, 1880) and S. terrosus yurensis Strand, 1908 . The record of S. terrosus by Chamberlin (1916) probably refers to S. boliviensis sp. nov. (see below). Sicarius peruensis and S. gracilis are here revised and considered valid; S. terrosus yurensis is given species status; and two new species are herein described.