Hypotrabala pearlae, Friend & Sulak & Beavogui & Müller & Revay & Yakovlev & Saldaitis & Volkova & Prozorova & Prozorov, 2025

Diagnosis. Hypotrabala pearlae sp. n. differs from:

1) H. neavei by lighter colored forewing with less intense dark speckles (compare Figs 18 View Figures 16–24 and 2, 4–6, 8–9 View Figures 2–9 ), almost arcuate processes of the eighth sternite instead of straight ones (compare Figs 40 View Figures 40–42 and 27–30 View Figures 27–32 );

2) H. lunda by more vivid orange coloration of forewings with less intense dark speckles (compare Figs 18 View Figures 16–24 and 10, 13–15 View Figures 10–15 ), narrower socius, wider and less curved valva, presence of apical plate on vesica, shorter straight processes of the eighth sternite instead of arcuate ones (compare Figs 40 View Figures 40–42 and 31–34 View Figures 27–32 View Figures 33–35 );

3) H. liviae sp. n. by more vivid orange coloration of forewing (compare Figs 18 and 19–20, 22– 23 View Figures 16–24 ), arcuate processes of the eighth sternite instead of almost straight (compare Figs 40 View Figures 40–42 and 27– 30 View Figures 27–32 );

4) H. maryannae sp. n. by more vivid orange coloration of forewings with less intense dark speckles (compare Figs 18 and 19–20, 22–23 View Figures 16–24 ), overall larger clasping apparatus, longer socia and valva, presence of apical plate on vesica, larger processes of eighth sternite (compare Figs 40 View Figures 40–42 and 43–46 View Figures 43–46 ).

Description. Male ( Fig. 18 View Figures 16–24 ). The flagellum is yellow with orange scales. The head is dorsally brownish-orange. The thorax is vivid orange, apart from the brownish-orange patagium and orangish-yellow mesoscutellum. The forewing is 23 mm long, elongate, somewhat triangular, with a straight costal margin, a rounded apex, and a rather smooth outer margin that is fluently rounded from the apex towards the rounded anal margin. The background color is vivid orange, and straw in the anal area. The pattern consists of faint brown basal, antemedial, postmedial, and subterminal lines, a reniform silverish medial spot with brown contour and sparse dark brown speckles in the medial field, a dark brown area expanding from under the discal spot towards subterminal line, and between Rs4 and 1A, and dark brown terminal field divided by orange veins, and with orange area along subterminal line and between Rs3 and CuA1. The fringe is brown. The hindwing is somewhat ovoid with a smooth outer margin. The background color is straw, getting more orangish along the anal margin and mottled, with brown and straw scales along the costal margin. The fringe is orangish-straw along the anal margin, straw along the outer margin, and brown along the costal margin. The abdomen dorsally is orangish-straw. The genitalia ( Fig. 40 View Figures 40–42 ). The tegumen is a somewhat W-shaped ribbon; it medially bears a pair of elongate digitiform socia. The valva is claw-like, slightly S-shaped, with a pointed apex, about twice as long as a socius. The vinculum is split with juxta into a pair of elongate, somewhat rectangular lobes. The juxta is a ribbon surrounding the phallus. The phallus is claw-like, upwardly bent, with a blunt apex, and dorsally has a wide opening for the vesica. The vesica is bag-like with a pair of longitudinal serrated plates going from the center of the opening towards the apex of the vesica, but not reaching it; one plate is slightly longer than the other, and after a break, continues with an almost half-long plate with larger denticles. The eighth sternite is a narrow plate with a posterior medial concavity, a pair of heavily sclerotized straight posterior processes with pointed apices, and lateral elongate apodemes. Female unknown.

Distribution and biology. The HT was collected in November during the dry season, just before the start of the wet season, within the central Zambezian wet miombo woodlands ecoregion ( Olson et al. 2001, Dinerstein et al. 2017).

Etymology. The species is named in honor of Pearl Friend (Woodbury, NY, USA). Pearl is a Holocaust Survivor and celebrated her 97th birthday this past May. Her remarkable story is one of suffering, death, resilience, and miracles. She survived the Hrubieszów ghetto with her mother, Anna. Her seven-yearold brother, Chiel, was murdered in the ghetto by a Gestapo officer. Pearl and her mother survived Auschwitz, five labor camps, and were rescued by a Russian tank commander the night before they were scheduled for execution in Tereisenstadt. Miraculously, the tank commander, Philip Friend, reunited with their family and became her husband. Pearl and Philip came to the US in 1948 along with Pearl’s mother, Anna, and father, Eli. Philip passed away in 2019. Pearl has two children, five grandchildren, and seven great-grandchildren.