Coproica ferruginata (Stenhammar, 1855)

Coproica ferruginata (Stenhammar, 1855) View in CoL

Figs. 4 View FIGURES 3–5 , 11 View FIGURES 9–12 , 17 View FIGURES 13–20 , 125–134 View FIGURES 125–127 View FIGURES 128–130 View FIGURES 131–134

Limosina ferruginata Stenhammar, 1855: 397 [both sexes]. Type localities: Sweden, "in Ostrogothia ad Häradshammar, Grebo et urbem Lincopiam haud parce", "in Scania ad urgem Lund et prope Kullen". LT female, designated by Gapasin & Kim, 1972: 1248 (UZIU) [no specimen of type series is labelled and, therefore, no definite type locality can be selected on the basis of lectotype].

Borborus illotus Williston, 1896a: 434 View in CoL [female, illustr.]. Type locality: West Indies , St. Vincent I. ST(s) female(s) (BMNH?).— Collin, 1912: 101 [synonymy].

Description. Body length 1.5–2.5 mm. Body colour orange and brown. Face and gena orange, frons dark brown. Interfrontals in 4–6 subequal pairs, postocellar bristles convergent, 1 pair of small postocellar setae. Eye to gena ratio approximately 2:1; 5 genal setae arranged into a sparse longitudinal row, anteriormost seta twice as long as posterior setae.

Scutum and scutellum orange, brown streak down centre of scutum. Scutum with additional small pair of dorsocentral bristles just anterior to prescutellar pair. Scutellum with 40–50 discal scutellar setae, posterior row of discal setae approximately 2 times as long as other discal setae; 4–5 lateral setae between larger anterior and posterior marginal scutellar bristles. Anterior half of anepimeron and posterior half of katepisternum light orange, rest of thoracic pleurites dark brown. Katepisternum with 3 long dorsal katepisternal bristles, each approximately 2/3 to 3/4 as long as distance between dorsal margin of katepisternum and wing base, posterior katepisternal bristle slightly longer than anterior 2. Fore coxae light brown or yellow, fore tibia and fore tarsi dark brown, rest of legs brownish orange. Mid tibia with additional pair of small antero/posterodorsal bristles at 1/10, an additional anterodorsal bristle at 3/5, large posterodorsal bristles present at 1/4 and 1/2, each equal in length to anterodorsal bristles. Mid basitarsus with row of 5–6 stout anterior bristles extending from 3/5 to apex, a stout sub-basal anteroventral bristle, an anteroventral bristle just distal to sub-basal bristle and approximately 3 times its length, a posteroventral sub-basal bristle, and 3 anteroventral and 2 posteroventral small bristles on distal half. Second costal sector 1.6–2.2 times as long as third costal sector. Costal bypass short, terminating within 5 vein widths of R 4+5. Anal vein with distinct angulate bend.

Male terminalia: Sternite 5 rounded, with posteromedial patch of microtrichia. Sternite 6 straight or slightly curved. Epandrium with dorsolateral and ventrolateral pairs of large bristles; subanal plate very narrow (cercus or epandrium barely connected below anal opening); cercus with straight ventral margin and posteromedial cluster of 3–4 bristles. Surstylus simple, appearing slightly trapezoidal when viewed laterally, with posterior cluster of 10–15 bristles and small bristles scattered over lateral and medial surfaces. Postgonites symmetrical, straight, and with subapical point. Basiphallus L-shaped, tubular, open posteriorly dorsal to epiphallus; epiphallus with acute crest. Lateral sclerites of distiphallus with 2 dorsal processes, proximal process sharp and deflected anteromedially, distal process rounded and deflected posteriorly, apex acute, rounded, and slightly spinose; central sclerite with pair of small apical processes, fused to lateral sclerites between dorsal processes. Apical membranes short.

Female terminalia: Tergite 8 short dorsally. Tergite 10 glabrous, orange, and narrowly fused to cerci laterally; cerci glabrous, orange, with short setae scattered on posterior half, and tuft of short bristles at apex. Sternite 7 broad, slightly concave anteriorly, with 4 elongate posterior bristles. Sternite 8 trapezoidal, width approximately 2/ 3 width of sternite 7, with posterior row of 4 enlarged bristles. Sternite 10 with central pair of enlarged bristles, posterior margin not curved dorsally. Spermathecae slightly longer than broad, rounded; duct length approximately 2/3 as long as spermathecal bulb.

Type material. Lectotype sex unknown (designated by Gapasin and Kim, 1972): “No definite type locality, no specimens in type series are labelled” (1♀, UZIU, not examined).

Material examined. See Appendix A.

Distribution: Afrotropical: Congo, Ethiopia, Ghana, Nigeria, Seychelles, South Africa, Tanzania, Togo, Zaire; Australasian/ Oceanian: Australia (ACT, NSW, NT, QLD), Fiji, Guam (USA), Hawaii (USA), New Zealand, Niue, Samoa, Tonga; Nearctic: Canada (AB, BC, MB, NB, NS, ON, QC, SK) , USA (AR, CA, DC, FL, GA, IA, ID, IL, IN, KS, KY, MA, MD, MI, MN, MT, NC, ND, NE, NH, NM, NY, OH, PA, SC, SD, TN, WA, WI, WV); Neotropical: Argentina, Bahamas, Bermuda, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Jamaica, Honduras, Mexico (CHI, NAY), St. Kitts, Surinam; Oriental: China (HKG, TIB), India (Uttaranchal), Indonesia (Flores, Sumbawa), Japan (Okinawa), Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand; Palaearctic: Afghanistan, Algeria, Andorra, Austria, Azores (Portugal), Belgium, Bulgaria, Canary Is. (Spain), China (BEI, TIB), Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Egypt, Finland, France (incl. Corsica), Germany, Great Britain, Greece (incl. Crete), Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Israel, Japan, Latvia, Lebanon, Madeira (Portugal), Malta, Mongolia, Montenegro, Morocco, Netherlands, North Korea, Norway, Poland, Romania, Russia (CET, NET), Serbia, Slovakia, Spain (incl. Balearic Is.), Sweden, Switzerland, Tadjikistan, Tunisia, Turkey, United Arab Emirates.

Comments. Coproica ferruginata is a striking and distinctive species that has been consistently interpreted by researchers for over a century. We did not reexamine the type.