Typton gnathophylloides Holthuis, 1951

Typton gnathophylloides Holthuis, 1951 View in CoL

Material examined. 1 male, 1 ovigerous female; ( MOUFPE 18104 View Materials ); Santa Barbara Island (17 ° 57’49”S 38 ° 41’53”W); 3 Nov. 2013; shallow tide pool, in the sponge Amphimedon viridis ; coll. G.O. Soledade. GoogleMaps

Remarks. Specimens of T. gnathophylloides inhabited the channels of the aquiferous system of A. viridis . Sponges of the genus Amphimedon Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1864 have a considerable level of toxicity, which can limit the presence of associated organisms within (Albrisio et al., 1995; Berlink et al., 1996). Evidences of toxicity have been verified in A. viridis ( Campos et al., 2012) , which may indicate a natural sponge defense against symbionts. The location of the two specimens of T. gnathophylloides inside A. viridis suggests that shrimp can tolerate the chemical defense of the sponge. Species of Typton Costa, 1844 are commonly recognized as sponge associated ( Holthuis, 1951) and evidence of parasitism in these shrimps based on tissue consumption of host sponges by symbiotic shrimp have already been reported in Typton carneus Holthuis, 1951 , Typton distinctus Chace, 1972 and Typton spongicola Costa, 1844 ( Duris et al., 2011); however, little information is known regarding T. gnathophylloides . The species has been reported from the southeastern coast of Brazil ( Nalesso et al., 1995; Duarte and Nalesso, 1996). However, this material was recently reanalyzed (in part) and attributed to a new species ( Typton fapespae Almeida, Anker and Mantelatto, 2014 ). Typton gnathophylloides has been previously reported for the Canary Islands ( Pérez Sánchez and Moreno Batet, 1991; González Pérez et al., 1995) but, according to d’Udekem d’Acoz (1999) these records need confirmation. Besides the type material, two specimens from Dry Tortugas, Florida ( Holthuis, 1951), the two specimens reported here (previously cited in Soledade et al., 2015) are the only known specimens of T. gnathophylloides . It is important to highlight that A. viridis is the first host of T. gnathophylloides identified to species level. Amphimedon viridis has been commonly reported along the Brazilian coast, but this is the first record of the species in the Abrolhos archipelago ( Hajdu et al., 2011).

In summary, new records of association between carideans and sponges are provided. It is important to emphasize the taxonomic accuracy of the present reports regarding the identifications of both associated organisms.This reinforces the importance of joint work of taxonomists from different zoological groups, which promotes a greater refinement of results related to the documentation of association records.