Paramaka Savage & Peters, 1992

Paramaka Savage & Peters, 1992 View in CoL

Thraulus View in CoL [partim]; Spieth, 1943: 10.

Hermanella View in CoL [partim]; Demoulin, 1966: 12.

Paramaka Savage & Domínguez, 1992: 244 View in CoL ; Blanco-Belmonte et al., 2003: 117; Sartori, 2005: 243; Domínguez et al., 2006: 463; Mariano, 2011: 46; Domínguez et al., 2014: 308 View Cited Treatment .

Diagnoses. Male imago: 1) eyes meeting on meson of head ( Figs. 3C View FIGURE 3 , 4A View FIGURE 4 , 7A View FIGURE 7 ); 2) cross vein above fork of MA slanted ( Fig. 8A View FIGURE 8 ); 3) fork of MA and MP asymmetrical ( Fig. 8A View FIGURE 8 ); 4) penes divided, each lobe with ( Figs. 2E View FIGURE 2 , 4D View FIGURE 4 ) or without ( Figs. 7E View FIGURE 7 , 8C, 8D View FIGURE 8 ) a long spine ventromedially directed [telopenis according to Kluge (2007)]; 5) posteromedial projection of styliger plate single, short triangular ( Figs. 2E View FIGURE 2 , 4D View FIGURE 4 ) to long and lanceolate ( Figs. 7E View FIGURE 7 , 8C View FIGURE 8 ); and 6) female sternum IX with distal margin widely cleft.

Nymph: 1) labrum greatly expanded laterally, 1.3–2.2x maximum width of clypeus ( Figs. 2A, 2B View FIGURE 2 , 3B View FIGURE 3 , 10A View FIGURE 10 ); 2) maxilla with short tusk at distomedial margin ( Fig. 10D View FIGURE 10 ); 3) gills plate-like, apically rounded to obtuse, with or without a pointed projection; 4) gills present on abdominal segments I to VI and vestigial or absent on abdominal segment VII; 5) posterolateral projections present on segments VII or VIII to IX.

Distribution. Neotropical, from Southeastern Brazil (Minas Gerais) to Northern South America (Central Colombia to Northern Venezuela) ( Fig. 1 View FIGURE 1 ).

Species included. Paramaka antonii Sartori, 2005 ; Paramaka convexa ( Spieth, 1943) (type-species); Paramaka incognita Domínguez, Grillet, Nieto, Molineri & Guerrero, 2014 ; P. froehlichi Lima & Salles, 2023; Paramaka pearljam Mariano, 2011 ; Paramaka takari sp. nov.; and Paramaka lucimarae sp. nov.