Rhynchodemus bromelicola de Beauchamp, 1912

Rhynchodemus bromelicola de Beauchamp, 1912 View in CoL

de Beauchamp (1912: V–X, fig. 2; COSTA RICA: several places)

External diagnosis ( de Beauchamp 1912). Largest specimens about 40 mm long. The pharynx is situated at one-third of the body length from the anterior end. Six different color patterns:

(a) Dorsal color light brick red with ochre-yellow sides bordering the almost white creeping sole. Dorsum and sides separated by a wide brown, almost black, band. In the middle of the dorsum there is a narrow stripe of the same dark tinge as the lateral bands, which is bordered on each side by a thinner and paler stripe. The five longitudinal stripes fade near the eyes ( Figure 33a View FIGURE 33 ).

(b) Same pattern as above but without the accessory stripes bordering the median stripe ( Figure 33b View FIGURE 33 ).

(c) Also without the accessory stripes and with the sides marked by black flecks that fuse dorsally with the lateral bands. Paler flecks (which seem to be deeper in the tissues) accompany the black flecks and can extend to the creeping sole ( Figure 33c View FIGURE 33 ).

(d) Similar to (a), but with the dorsum ochre-yellow as the sides and with flecks on both the sides as in (c) and on the dorsum, fusing with the accessory stripes ( Figure 33d View FIGURE 33 ).

(e) Dorsum uniformly lead gray with ochre-yellow sides. Posteriorly, the sides become marbled and less distinct from the dorsum ( Figure 33e View FIGURE 33 ).

(f) Similar to (a), but without the median and accessory stripes. The lateral bands are much narrower and connected by a “saddle” over the pharynx ( Figure 33f View FIGURE 33 ).

Remarks. Many records from Costa Rica, Guatemala, Nicaragua and Panama partially match one or more of the color patterns described by de Beauchamp ( Figure 33g –j View FIGURE 33 ). They may represent several different species, of which one may or may not be conspecific with R. bromelicola . The color pattern often consists of a light-yellow background (sometimes reddish) with a dark (black or dark reddish-brown) median line that may or may not be accompanied by two paramedian lines, sometimes the three lines fusing into a black median band. The sides show dark pigmentation that may occur as a well-marked black lateral band, a more diffusely marked band with a more heavily marked inner or outer edge (or both), many black round spots, or a combination of bands and spots.

iNaturalist records ( Figure 34 View FIGURE 34 ). COSTA RICA — Alajuela • Los Chiles, Caño Negro; 10.9111, -84.7868; 46 m a.s.l.; 19 Feb. 2024; perca31 obs.; #203693432 • San Carlos, La Fortuna; 10.4613, -84.6609; 348 m a.s.l.; 23 Dec. 2018; jerryzhu obs.; # 19323956 • San Carlos, La Fortuna; 10.4905, -84.7661; 730 m a.s.l.; 10 Nov. 2020; jaymurter obs.; # 64861921 • San Carlos, La Fortuna; 10.4556, -84.6596; 359 m a.s.l.; 13 Feb. 2023; falcontierra obs.; # 148755564 • San Carlos, La Fortuna; 10.4616, -84.6617; 351 m a.s.l.; 10 Nov. 2023; zorek obs.; # 190647394 • San Carlos, La Fortuna, Parque Nacional Volcán Arenal; 10.4387, -84.7084; 730 m a.s.l.; 22 Feb. 2022; nsharp & ntepper obs.; # 108279520 and #107912109 • San Ramón, Ángeles; 10.2030, -84.4839; 1097 m a.s.l.; 24 Feb. 2024; damian_martinez_fernandez obs.; # 200343245 • San Ramón, Peñas Blancas; 10.4409, -84.6040; 143 m a.s.l.; 20 Sep. 2018; alisonforde obs.; # 202115924 • San Ramón, Peñas Blancas; 10.3833, -84.6181; 451 m a.s.l.; 27 Apr. 2022; mws obs.; #118002062 • San Ramón, Peñas Blancas; 10.4403, -84.6206; 187 m a.s.l.; 7 Feb. 2024; wessleeper obs.; # 198700168 • Upala, Bijagua; 10.7588, -85.0592; 474 m a.s.l.; 28 Dec. 2011; tomkennedy obs.; #102017217 • Zarcero, Brisas; 10.2332, -84.3688; 2065 m a.s.l.; 17 Feb. 2024; emmabittacus obs.; #201701975— Cartago • Jiménez, Pejibaye; 9.7839, -83.7521; 1060 m a.s.l.; 20 Feb. 2024; thomas_oswald obs.; #203097247 • Paraíso, Cachíi; 9.8279, -83.7718; 1351 m a.s.l.; 24 Feb. 2024; nathalie_geelen obs.; #206455541 • Turrialba, Tayutic; 9.8323, -83.5638; 953 m a.s.l.; 8 Jul. 2004; birdernaturalist obs.; #84771352 • Turrialba, Tayutic; 9.8319, -83.5639; 1150 m a.s.l.; 24 Jan. 2017; disteffv obs.; #194311374 • Turrialba, Tayutic; 9.7992, -83.5230; 1147 m a.s.l.; 10 Nov. 2023; jmole obs.; #191042927— Guanacaste • Tilarán, Cabezeras; 10.33, -83.8009; 96 m a.s.l.; 26 Sep. 2022; savager obs.; #138550618— Heredia • Heredia, Varablanca; 10.1618, -84.1588; 1914 m a.s.l.; 6 Nov. 2023; wp-polzin obs.; #193619256 • Sarapiquí, Horquetas; 10.3250, -84.0121; 392 m a.s.l.; 22 Sep. 2021; frank-deschandol obs.; #98136652 • Sarapiquí, La Virgen; 10.4159, -84.1179; 175 m a.s.l.; 24 Sep. 2009; hfabian obs.; #31269696, #177850416 and #199008555 • Sarapiquí, Parque Nacional Braulio Carrillo; 10.2086, -84.0206; 1096 m a.s.l.; 10 Feb. 2024; kimberly_steinmann & mgrien obs.; #198969890 • Sarapiquí, Puerto Viejo, Estación Biológica La Selva; 10.4540, -84.0194; 45 m a.s.l.; 13 Jan. 2012; oudejans obs.; #37195603 • Sarapiquí, Puerto Viejo, Estación Biológica La Selva; 10.4310, -84.0069; 57 m a.s.l.; 6 Feb. 2012; gernotkunz obs.; #36666222 • Sarapiquí, Puerto Viejo, Estación Biológica La Selva; 10.4305, -84.0068; 58 m a.s.l.; 3 Feb. 2015; gernotkunz obs.; #36666187 • Sarapiquí, Puerto Viejo, Estación Biológica La Selva; 10.4323, -84.0056; 48 m a.s.l.; 16 Mar. 2015; vilseskog obs.; #1554379 • Sarapiquí, Puerto Viejo, Estación Biológica La Selva; 10.4313, -84.0066; 57 m a.s.l.; 2 Feb. 2016; gernotkunz obs.; #36666161 • Sarapiquí, Puerto Viejo, Estación Biológica La Selva; 10.4304, -84.0037; 46 m a.s.l.; 5 Feb. 2018; gernotkunz obs.; #36614543 • Sarapiquí, Puerto Viejo, Estación Biológica La Selva; 10.4233, -84.0220; 103 m a.s.l.; 30 Jul. 2019; tremarctos obs.; #143517838 • Sarapiquí, Puerto Viejo, Estación Biológica La Selva; 10.4306, -84.0070; 58 m a.s.l.; 21 Feb. 2020; pcatling obs.; #46177009 • Sarapiquí, Puerto Viejo, Estación Biológica La Selva; 10.4307, -84.0069; 57 m a.s.l.; 10 Feb. 2021; gernotkunz obs.; #36666220 • Sarapiquí, Puerto Viejo, Estación Biológica La Selva; 10.4295, -84.0057; 60 m a.s.l.; 25 Dec. 2021; chloe_and_trevor obs.; #105208823 • Sarapiquí, Puerto Viejo, Estación Biológica La Selva; 10.4322, -84.0080; 63 m a.s.l.; 29 Dec. 2021; chloe_and_trevor obs.; #105609720 • Sarapiquí, Puerto Viejo, Estación Biológica La Selva; 10.4307, -84.0040; 46 m a.s.l.; 6 Feb. 2022; benjamingorfer obs.; #151717990 • Sarapiquí, Puerto Viejo, Estación Biológica La Selva; 10.4315, -84.0063; 56 m a.s.l.; 6 Feb. 2022; johannagu obs.; #110775273 • Sarapiquí, Puerto Viejo, Estación Biológica La Selva; 10.4298, - 84.0066; 60 m a.s.l.; 8 Feb. 2022; moseranna obs.; #108905485 • Sarapiquí, Puerto Viejo, Estación Biológica La Selva; 10.4300, -84.0064; 59 m a.s.l.; 9 Feb. 2022; bettyglatzhofer obs.; #109407581 • Sarapiquí, Puerto Viejo, Estación Biológica La Selva; 10.4301, -84.0064; 59 m a.s.l.; 9 Feb. 2022; bettyglatzhofer obs.; #109407584 and #109407580 • Sarapiquí, Puerto Viejo, Estación Biológica La Selva; 10.4308, -84.0071; 58 m a.s.l.; 9 Feb. 2022; gurucumi obs.; #112868813 • Sarapiquí, Puerto Viejo, Estación Biológica La Selva; 10.4330, -84.0083; 62 m a.s.l.; 11 May 2022; jaciland obs.; #116687564 • Sarapiquí, Puerto Viejo, Estación Biológica La Selva; 10.4330, -84.0075; 59 m a.s.l.; 13 May 2022; ktdavid3 obs.; #116970706 • Sarapiquí, Puerto Viejo, Estación Biológica La Selva; 10.4308, -84.0062; 54 m a.s.l.; 8 Aug. 2022; austin_baker obs.; #130174592 • Sarapiquí, Puerto Viejo, Estación Biológica La Selva; 10.4290, -84.0053; 64 m a.s.l.; 8 Mar. 2023; teddyfrederiksen22 & sabrinaken obs.; #150651245 and #150650616 • Sarapiquí, Puerto Viejo, Estación Biológica La Selva; 10.4320, -84.0079; 63 m a.s.l.; 9 Mar. 2023; matango obs.; #150759986 • Sarapiquí, Puerto Viejo, Estación Biológica La Selva; 10.4311, -84.0060; 54 m a.s.l.; 10 Mar. 2023; james_ecology obs.; #150789306 • Sarapiquí, Puerto Viejo, Estación Biológica La Selva; 10.4301, -84.0065; 59 m a.s.l.; 11 Mar. 2023; steviekgold obs.; #155396047 • Sarapiquí, Puerto Viejo, Estación Biológica La Selva; 10.4314, -84.0050; 48 m a.s.l.; 13 Mar. 2023; sir_sirtalis obs.; #151799975 • Sarapiquí, Puerto Viejo, Estación Biológica La Selva; 10.4313, -84.0049; 48 m a.s.l.; 13 Mar. 2023; sir_sirtalis obs.; #151799981 • Sarapiquí, Puerto Viejo, Estación Biológica La Selva; 10.4298, -84.0071; 61 m a.s.l.; 22 Mar. 2023; tiwane obs.; #152779565 • Sarapiquí, Puerto Viejo, Estación Biológica La Selva; 10.4310, -84.0039; 46 m a.s.l.; 23 Mar. 2023; albullington obs.; #152104288 • Sarapiquí, Puerto Viejo, Estación Biológica La Selva; 10.4308, -84.0058; 54 m a.s.l.; 23 Mar. 2023; kueda obs.; #153012820 • Sarapiquí, Puerto Viejo, Estación Biológica La Selva; 10.4311, - 84.0063; 54 m a.s.l.; 23 Mar. 2023; sylvainmorin obs.; #152204513 • Sarapiquí, Puerto Viejo, Estación Biológica La Selva; 10.4305, -84.0064; 56 m a.s.l.; 24 Mar. 2023; abhasm & kueda obs.; #152297864 and #153277911 • Sarapiquí, Puerto Viejo, Estación Biológica La Selva; 10.4265, -84.0016; 62 m a.s.l.; 21 May 2023; tblakehudson obs.; #163060713 • Sarapiquí, Puerto Viejo, Estación Biológica La Selva; 10.4295, -84.0058; 60 m a.s.l.; 21 May 2023; tblakehudson obs.; #163060926 • Sarapiquí, Puerto Viejo, Estación Biológica La Selva; 10.4291, -84.0053; 64 m a.s.l.; 26 Jul 2023; skiacz obs.; #175153495 • Sarapiquí, Puerto Viejo, Estación Biológica La Selva; 10.4310, -84.0142; 63 m a.s.l.; 25 Feb. 2024; dougwechsler obs.; #202649089 • Sarapiquí, Puerto Viejo, Estación Biológica La Selva; 10.4314, -84.0046; 48 m a.s.l.; 12 Mar. 2024; sarcasticsnail obs.; #202272958 • Sarapiquí, Puerto Viejo, Estación Biológica La Selva; 10.4315, -84.0045; 48 m a.s.l.; 13 Mar. 2024; sarcasticsnail obs.; #202479193— Limón • Pococí, Colorado, Parque Nacional Tortuguero; 10.5365, -83.4998; 12 m a.s.l.; 11 Mar. 2003; timvondermehden obs.; #155722096 • Pococí, La Rita; 10.5361, -83.7447; 47 m a.s.l.; 8 Jan. 2024; thirthy_legs obs.; #198619242 • Siquirres, Guayacán Rainforest Reserve; 10.0547, -83.5516; 590 m a.s.l.; 17 Dec. 2019; amplex4love obs.; #47220619 • Talamanca, Cahuita; 9.6353, -82.7812; 144 m a.s.l.; 26 Jan. 2022; marcdomenech obs.; #202103625— Puntarenas • Buenos Aires, Chánguena; 8.8977, -83.1544; 1093 m a.s.l.; 14 Dec. 2022; mau_ cordero obs.; #144413851 • Buenos Aires, Chánguena; 8.9079, -83.1622; 1176 m a.s.l.; 19 Dec. 2022; mau_cordero obs.; #144703797 • Buenos Aires, Chánguena; 8.8928, -83.1770; 932 m a.s.l.; 29 Jan. 2023; mau_cordero obs.; #147810354 • Coto Brus, San Vito; 8.8105, -82.9606; 1200 m a.s.l.; 15 Dec. 2022; jeffry_torres obs.; #144476542 • Coto Brus, San Vito; 8.8277, -82.9515; 976 m a.s.l.; 15 Dec. 2022; wild_aliss obs.; #144457751 • Coto Brus, San Vito; 8.7850, -82.9591; 1209 m a.s.l.; 10 Jul. 2018; tothemax obs.; #14469416 • Coto Brus, San Vito; 8.7895, - 82.9539; 1216 m a.s.l.; 1 Feb. 2023; kkrockytop obs.; #153191898 • Golfito, Parque Nacional Piedras Blancas; 8.7001, -83.2019; 91 m a.s.l.; 5 Mar. 2014; fboetzl obs.; #99541655 • Golfito, Parque Nacional Piedras Blancas; 8.7002, -83.2020; 89 m a.s.l.; 24 Mar. 2019; gerrit_oehm obs.; #75356337 • Monteverde, Monte Verde; 10.2991, - 84.8059; 1454 m a.s.l.; 24 Dec. 2019; merav obs.; #38617914 • Monteverde, Monte Verde; 10.3009, -84.8054; 1467 m a.s.l.; 15 Dec. 2023; oridgen10 obs.; #194070817 • Monteverde, Monte Verde; 10.3052, -84.8107; 1400 m a.s.l.; 15 Mar. 2024; russell_brown_ obs.; #206616786 • Monteverde, Refugio Monteverde; 10.3295, -84.8287; 1371 m a.s.l.; 24 Jan. 2020; pcatling obs.; #47567588 • Monteverde, Reserva Biológica Bosque Nuboso Monteverde; 10.2828, -84.7981; 1095 m a.s.l.; 30 Mar. 2018; commander_toad obs.; #70128088 • Monteverde, Santa Elena; 10.3184, -84.8231; 1347 m a.s.l.; 18 Sep. 2018; kueda obs.; #16907778 • Monteverde, Santa Elena; 10.3094, - 84.8187; 1343 m a.s.l.; 18 Jun. 2021; paige-olson obs.; #83721466 • Osa, Bahía Ballena; 9.2180, -83.8160; 150 m a.s.l.; 19 Jul. 2020; laurent_h obs.; #62453454— San José • Pérez Zeledón, Barú; 9.3117, -83.7876; 666 m a.s.l.; 22 Nov. 2022; laurent_h obs.; # 149555880 • Pérez Zeledón, Barú; 9.3121, -83.7879; 669 m a.s.l.; 31 Oct. 2023; laurent_h obs.; # 201334047. GUATEMALA — Baja Verapaz • Purulhá; 15.2170, -90.2191; 1659 m a.s.l.; 23 Mar. 2024; saban-sequen obs.; #204106444. NICARAGUA — Matagalpa • Matagalpa; 13.0005, -85.9084; 1297 m a.s.l.; 23 Jul. 2016; aesbiologist obs.; #6307473. PANAMA — Coclé • Antón, Valle de Antón; 8.6382, -80.1269; 861 m a.s.l.; 6 Oct. 2021; ehjalmarson obs.; #104793865.

Possible additional iNaturalist records. COSTA RICA — Alajuela • San Carlos, Aguas Zarcas ; 10.3767, -84.3372; 472 m a.s.l.; 18 Dec. 2020; franycteris obs.; # 66756686 • San Carlos, La Fortuna; 10.4559, -84.6613; 368 m a.s.l.; 1 Oct. 2023; hdemann obs.; # 188965193 • San Carlos, La Fortuna; 10.4409, -84.6040; 143 m a.s.l.; 20 Sep. 2018; alisonforde obs.; # 202115924 • San Carlos, La Fortuna; 10.4568, -84.6438; 371 m a.s.l.; 3 Jan. 2024; cassiia obs.; # 195724199 • San Ramón, San Rafael; 10.0178, -84.4693; 1378 m a.s.l.; 19 Mar. 2021; arthurchp obs.; # 71640792 • San Ramón, San Rafael; 10.0179, -84.4691; 1378 m a.s.l.; 19 Mar. 2021; arthurchp obs.; # 71736821 GoogleMaps — Cartago • Turrialba, Tayutic ; 9.8321, -83.5637; 950 m a.s.l.; 4 Aug. 2021; aboulenein obs.; #102512611 GoogleMaps — Heredia • Sarapiquí, Puerto Viejo, Estación Biológica La Selva ; 10.4312, -84.0054; 51 m a.s.l.; 6 Jan. 2018; alex_cicindela_ guy obs.; #36416989 • Sarapiquí , Puerto Viejo , Estación Biológica La Selva ; 10.4344, -84.0083; 60 m a.s.l.; 13 May 2022; ktdavid3 obs.; #116970757 • Sarapiquí , Puerto Viejo , Estación Biológica La Selva ; 10.4310, -84.0066; 56 m a.s.l.; 1 Jan. 2024; hineroptera obs.; #196630137 GoogleMaps — Puntarenas • Buenos Aires, Chánguena; 8.8913, -83.1376; 760 m a.s.l.; 23 Jan. 2023; mau_cordero obs.; #147386975 • Monteverde , Santa Elena ; 10.3194, -84.8103; 1553 m a.s.l.; 22 Jun. 2023; lstrauss97 obs.; #168973952 GoogleMaps .