Salmanihippus turcicus ( Karabağ, 1959 ), Mol & Taylan & Kaya & Atalay & Şirin, 2025

Salmanihippus turcicus ( Karabağ, 1959) gen. et comb. nov.

(Figs. 3,6A–H,7A–H)

Aeropedellus turcicus Karabağ, 1959: 58 View in CoL ; Weidner, 1969: 206; Demirsoy, 1977: 229; Mol, 2012: 233; Mol & Zeybekoğlu, 2013: 89.

Material examined.— Topotype: Gümüşhane, Zigana Dağı , 2151 m, N: 40.655610, E: 39.405727, 19.VIII.2023, 3♂♂, 2♀♀ (leg.: D. Şirin, A. Mol & M.S. Taylan) . Other materials: Trabzon, Zigana Mountains, Gümüş Plateau , 14.VIII.2004, 2150 m, 5♂♂, 27♀♀ ( Leg. A. Mol) ; Giresun, Eğribel Pass , 2300 m, 7.VIII.2004, 3♂♂, 8♀♀; 23.VII.2005 2♀♀ ( Leg. A. Mol); 19.VIII.2023, 12♂♂, 8♀♀ ( Leg. A. Mol, D. Sirin, M.S. Taylan) ; Bayburt, Soğanlı Mountain Pass, 2330 m, 18.VII.2024, 8♂♂, 10♀♀ ( Leg. A. Mol, D. Sirin, M.S. Taylan) .

Redescription.—Head slightly narrower than pronotum in male ( Fig. 6B View FIGURE 6 ), distinctly narrower than pronotum in female ( Fig. 7B View FIGURE 7 ). Frontal carinae divergent downwards, as rounded edges distinct between antennae, with a distinct depression at the ocellum, expanded below the ocellum ( Fig. 6A–B View FIGURE 6 ). The fastigium of the vertex is triangular in shape, with a slight depression in front of it and extended forward with a sharp tip, especially in males. Vertex of pronotum with distinct raised median carinula. Vertical faveolae are long, with their margins slightly curved. 2.60–3.50 times longer than wide in males, 2.5–3.0 in females. Antennae filiform with apical club ( Figs. 6H View FIGURE 6 – 7H View FIGURE 7 ), reaching and surpassing the tip of the pronotum in males, and not reaching the tip of the pronotum in females. Its longest medial segment is 1.30–2.58 times as long as wide in males and 1.30–1.96 times in females. Vertical diameter of the eye/minimum width of vertex: 1.32–1.58 in males, 1.0– 1.50 in females. Vertical diameter of eye/ subocular groove: 1.38–1.66 in males and 1.13–1.50 in females.

Pronotum slightly raised and narrowed in the middle and slightly constricted in the middle. The greatest width posterior part of the paranota is wider than the greatest width anterior part of it in males. The frontal margin is weakly convex, and the hind margin is obtusely angular. Media keel distinct and entire. The typical transversal sulcus (third sulcus) is straight or slightly curved, located behind the middle of the median keel, cut behind the middle of the median keel, and the length of the median keel before the transversal sulcus/after the sulcus is 1.38–1.93 in males ( Fig. 6B View FIGURE 6 ) and 1.25–1.73 in females ( Fig. 7B View FIGURE 7 ). The maximum/minimum width between lateral carinae is 1.91–2.76 in males and 1.80–2.33 (2.60) in females. The hind femur is long, its length 3.52–4.20 in males and 3.80–4.30 (4.55) in females. Mesosternal interspace wide, 1.13–1.70 times wider than male, 1.40–2.30 in female.

Tegmina reach the tip of the abdomen in males, reaching from the middle of the 3rd to the end of the 4th abdominal tergum in females.Alae reaching the beginning of the 5th abdominal tergum in the male and reaching the end of the 2nd abdominal tergum in the female. Tegmina overlapping dorsally in males, overlapping/not overlapping dorsally in females. The apical portion of the tegmen (from the end of the first radial to the apex) does not exist (no apical narrowness). Tegmen 2.60–3.20 times as long as wide in male ( Fig. 6F View FIGURE 6 ), 2.16–2.80 (3.50) times in female. Tegmen suddenly narrowed apically in the female. Pc-field reaching beyond mid-length of the tegmen, without a false vein. The length of the Pc-field/the length of the tegmen is 0.55–0.83 in males. Sc-field widened apically. C-field slightly sinuated S-shaped, C-field reaching tip of the tegmen, the greatest width of C-field/the greatest width of Sc-field 2–4 in male, 5–10 in female ( Fig. 7F View FIGURE 7 ). Sc-vein clearly sinuate, maximum width of the subcostal field slightly narrower than the medial field. M-field reaching 7.0/10–7.5/10 proximally. The greatest width of Mfield/the greatest width of the Cubital-1 field 1.9–3.0 in male, 1.42–2.40 (3.0) in female. The greatest width of the M-field/the greatest width of Sc-field is 1.0– 2.2 in males. Cubital-1 field distinct; Cubital-1 and Cubital-2 fields separated from one another. Stigma indistinct.

Abdomen, dense and long setae, especially ventrally. Tympanal opening semicircle-shaped, its medial height nearly 1.80–2.75 times its medial width in males and 2.33–2.75 in females. Cerci are 1.6–2.2 times as long as wide in males and 1.8–2.3 in females; cerci do not reach the apex of the anal tergum or nearly reach it in males ( Fig. 6D View FIGURE 6 ) and do not reach the apex of the anal tergum in females ( Fig. 7D View FIGURE 7 ). Epiphallus with wide lateral lobes, apical valves of the penis shorter than cingular valves. Subgenital plate slightly recessed to the base in the female.

Colouration.— Body yellow, colouration varying from greenish to dark brown ( Figs. 6A–H View FIGURE 6 , 7A–H View FIGURE 7 ). Head anteriorly light yellow; frontal carinae dark brown. Pronotum light brownish-green laterally, dark brownish to blackish dorsally. Tegmina yellow-brown. Hind femur reddish-brown dorsally, yellowish ventrally; hind tibia yellowish-reddish. The abdomen is dark brown laterally and yellowish ventrally. Subgenital plate similar in colour to body; epiproct yellowish to dark brown.

Lengths (mm).— body: male 13.2–17.0 (15.41), female 17.0–22.0 (19.86); head: male 2.0–2.7 (2.31), female 2.5–3.0 (2.81); pronotum: male 3.0–4.1 (3.62), female 4.0–4.8 (4.2); tegmina: male 7.2–10.0 (8.9), female 6.2–7.0 (6.66); hind femur: male 8.8–11.0 (9.65), female 11.0–11.9 (11.27). (min–max (mean)).

Distribution.—This species is endemic to the Eastern BlackSea Region of Anatolia ( Gümüşhane, Giresun and Bayburt provinces) ( Karabağ, 1959; Weidner, 1969; Demirsoy, 1977; Mol, 2012; Mol and Zeybekoğlu, 2013).

IUCN status.— This species has not been assessed for the IUCN Red List (2025-1). In order to determine the IUCN category of species, an assessment was carried out for Salmanihippus turcicus ( Karabağ, 1959) based on its geographical distribution, particularly through calculations of the Extent of Occurrence (EOO) and Area of Occupancy (AOO) (https://www.iucnredlist.org/). Within this scope, the evaluation has considered the following criteria: (i) the determination of the species’ extent of occurrence in square kilometres; (ii) whether the population is restricted to a single location or is severely fragmented (as inferred from the degree of gene flow); and (iii) observed, inferred, or projected continuing decline or extreme fluctuations in data such as the extent of occurrence, area of occupancy, habitat area, distribution, and/or quality, the number of locations or subpopulations, and the number of mature individuals. Based on these parameters, an IUCN assessment was conducted for Salmanihippus turcicus ( Karabağ, 1959) , resulting in its categorisation as Endangered (EN) at the Regional level [B2–a+b(ii+iii)] and also as Endangered (EN) at the Global level.