Ame

Selected specimens examined — COLOMBIA: CAQUETÁ: Solano, Estacíon Puerto Abeja, 00°04'27"N, 72°27'05"W, 8 Oct 2001, fl. ♂, AME 1451 (COAH!). VAUPÉS: Mitú, comunidades Yapú y Puerto Nariño, caños Gallineta y Yapú, flora riparia, 00°28'48"N, 70°24'55"W, 200 m, 10 Jun 2009, fr., D. Cárdenas L. & al. 23665 (COAH!, NY!). WITHOUT MUNICIPALITY: Río Piraparaná (tributary of Río Apaporis), lower course, 00°15'S, 70°30'W, 9 Mar 1952, fr., R. E. Schultes & I. Cabrera 15904 (GH!). 14. Tovomita cornuta Demarchi & L. Marinho View in CoL in Acta Bot. Bras. 35: 555. 2022. – Holotype: Brazil, Amazonas, São Sebastião do Uatumã, Uatumã Sustainable Development Reserve (SDR), PELDMAUA plots, understory of white-sand forest campinarana with high groundwater level, 02°11'47"S, 59°00'53"W, 35 m, 10 Mar 2020, fr., L. O. Demarchi 1674 (INPA [no. 287891]!; isotypes: MAR [no. 12501]!, RB!).

Description — Trees or treelets 3–8 m, prop roots inconspicuous; exudate yellow, scarce. Petioles 0.8–1.7 cm long, smooth, green, lenticels absent. Leaf blades 3.4– 15.1 × 1.4–6.1 cm, greenish adaxially and light brownish abaxially in sicco, subcoriaceous, black dots absent, oblong to obovate, base convex to decurrent, apex acute to cuneate; papillae, lenticels and fungal spots absent; exudate canals conspicuous, parallel to secondary veins, visible only abaxially in sicco. Venation: secondary veins in 25–28 pairs, 1.5–3.5 mm apart from each other, forming an angle 75–80° to midvein, slightly prominent adaxially, prominent abaxially, straight near margin; intersecondary veins present, one or rarely two per intercostal area, similar to secondary veins, parallel to major secondaries and reticulating near margin, visible only abaxially in sicco; tertiary veins inconspicuous; intramarginal vein present. Inflorescences: ♂ lax cyme with 5–6 basal branches and 20–47 flowers, with terminal flower, sometimes with reduced dichasia lacking central flower, ♀ cyme with 3–5 basal branches, usually with reduced dichasia lacking central flower, lenticels absent. Pedicels 3–5.5 mm long, green-whitish, proximally articulated in lateral flowers of dichasia; lenticels present when in fruit; calyptrae absent. Floral buds 3–4.3 mm long, ovoid to oblong, apex round- ed, slightly apiculate, lenticels absent. Sepals 2, 3.3–4.1 × 1.7–1.9 mm, oblong to ovate, apex rounded, greenish to white; petals 4, 6.2–6.7 × 2.5–2.6 mm, oblong, reflexed, apex acute, greenish to white. Staminate flowers: stamens 23–28, 1.5–3.5 mm long, heterodynamous; filaments terete, white becoming yellowish when senescent; anthers 0.3–0.4 mm long, connective not exceeding thecae; pistillode white, diminute. Pistillate flowers: staminodes 20–26, 1–1.6 mm long, white to yellowish; ovary c. 1 mm long, not costate or lobed, 4-locular, yellowish-white; styles free 0.8–1 mm long, curved in floral bud, erect on anthesis; stigmas 4, 0.5–0.8 mm in diam. Capsules fleshy, 1.5–2 × 0.8–1.1 cm, 4-septate, narrowly obovoid when closed, not costate, not lobed, rostrum absent, free styles conic to oblong, 6.3–8.3 × 1.6–2.8 mm, epicarp smooth, green when immature, green with visible yellowish resin canals when mature, mesocarp purplish-red; pedicel dilated, styles strongly dilated; sepals, petals and staminodes caducous, styles and stigmas persistent. Aril orange. Fig. 29.

Iconography — Illustration available in Demarchi & al. (2021: 556).

Distribution — Brazil (Amazonas). Fig. 30.

Conservation status — Endangered (EN, Demarchi & al. 2022).

Recognition and discussion — The leaves of Tovomita cornuta resemble those of T. umbellata when in sicco, but they can be distinguished by the number of secondary veins (25–28 vs 10–15 in T. umbellata ). When fertile, T. cornuta can be distinguished from all other species of Tovomita by the four long styles (0.8–1 mm long), which become dilated when in fruit, resembling four horns ( Fig. 29D).

Selected specimens examined — BRAZIL: AMAZONAS: Manaus , Rio Negro, Ponta Negra, 11–14 Apr 1972, fr., R . E . Schultes & W . Rodrigues 26191 A ( GH!, INPA!, NY!) .