Cloeodes tovauna Amaral, Cifuentes-Vargas & Salles, 2025

Cloeodes tovauna Amaral, Cifuentes-Vargas & Salles , sp. nov.

( Figs. 2–4 View FIGURE 2 View FIGURE 3 View FIGURE 4 )

Diagnosis. Nymph. 1) Body size 5.5–6.0 mm; 2) Body color pattern dark brown on head, thorax and abdominal segments I, V, VI and X; 3) Labrum with dorsal arc of setae composed of 1 + 0 + 3 setae ( Fig. 3A View FIGURE 3 ); 4) Inner margin of labial palp segment III with robust pectinate setae ( Fig. 3I View FIGURE 3 ); 5) Hind wing pads present; 6) Fore femur with apex projected, with 2 blunt setae ( Fig. 4A View FIGURE 4 ); 7) Posterior margins of terga II-X with spines of the same length; 8) Paraprocts with 15–19 spines ( Figs. 4E, F View FIGURE 4 ); 9) Cercus with spines on every two segments. Adults. 1) Turbinate eyes of males separated by approximately the width of a lateral ocelli; upper surface oblong, yellowish-brown ( Fig. 5A View FIGURE 5 ); 2) Thorax dark brown ( Fig. 5A View FIGURE 5 ); 3) Terga I, VII–X brown; tergum IV with median pair of brown spots; 4) Hind wing present ( Fig. 5C View FIGURE 5 ); 5) Forceps brown, lighter towards apex, forceps segment III oval; 6) Posterior margin of subgenital plate slightly convex at middle.

Description.

Nymph. Length (in mm). Body: 5.5–6.0; 1.9; cerci: 2.7; terminal filament: 2.9; antenna: 1.9.

Coloration ( Fig. 2 View FIGURE 2 ). General coloration dark brown with yellowish-white ( Fig. 2A, B View FIGURE 2 ). Head dark brown with yellowish-white stripe between inner margin of compound eye and lateral ocellus (in males, reaching the base of turbinate eyes). Labrum and mandible darkish brown; hypopharynx, maxilla and labium light brown ( Figs. 2 C, D View FIGURE 2 ).Thorax dark brown to light brown. Fore wing pads light brown at base and yellowish-white distally. Legs yellowish-white, mid and hind femora with apical dark brown band reaching ½ of its length. Abdominal segments I, V, VI and X dark brown; segments II, III, IV, VII, VIII and IX yellowish-white; terga II and III with sublateral marks light brown; tergum IV with sublateral marks orangish brown; tergum V with anteromedial subtriangular yellowish-white mark; tergum VI with yellowish-white sublateral area. Sterna yellowish-white, except for V, VI and X dark brown. Filaments light brown, with a yellowish-white band subdistally and a brown band distally.

Head. Labrum ( Fig. 3A View FIGURE 3 ). Length about 0.7 × maximum width; dorsal arc of setae composed of 1+ 0 + 3 long setae; ventrally with 6–10 spine-like setae near lateral margin. Left mandible ( Figs. 3B, C View FIGURE 3 ). Margin between prostheca and mola slightly convex. Right mandible ( Figs. 3D, E View FIGURE 3 ). Prostheca slender and pectinate, bifurcated at the middle; inner lobe long, outer lobe divided in the middle. Margin between prostheca and mola slightly convex. Hypopharynx as in Fig. 3F View FIGURE 3 . Maxilla ( Fig. 3G, H View FIGURE 3 ). Canines and distal dentiseta stout. Medially with 1 spine-like seta + 6 apically pointed setae. Maxillary palp as long as galea-lacinia; palp segment II 1.5 × length of segment I. Labium ( Fig. 3I, J View FIGURE 3 ). Base of glossa expanded (reaching at least half of paraglossa); inner and outer margins, respectively, with around 17 and 12 pointed setae increasing in length apically; ventral surface with one row of 7 short setae near the inner margin. Paraglossa apex with 2 rows of spine-like setae; outer margin with 3 pectinate setae; dorsally with arc of 3 setae close to inner margin; ventrally with arc of 7 – 8 setae close to inner margin. Labial palp with segment I 0.8 × length of segments II and III combined; segment II dorsally with oblique row of 6 – 7 setae; segment III rounded with 2 – 5 robust pectinate setae in inner margin; ventrally covered with several spine-like simple setae along margins and ventral surface. Thorax. Hind wing pad present. Fore leg ( Fig. 4A View FIGURE 4 ). Ratio 1.1:1(0.6mm):1:0.2. Femur. Length about 4.4 × maximum width; outer margin with row of 8 – 9 clavate setae (length of setae about 0.1 × maximum width of femur); anterior and posterior margins parallel; submarginal setae absent; anterior surface and inner margin with around 36 simple spine-like setae; posterior surface with around 27 scattered setae near inner margin; apex projected; distal projection 0.1 × width of femur; with 2 blunt, distally expanded setae. Tibia. Outer margin with few simple setae; inner margin with two serrate setae on apex; subtending bristle blunt, distally expanded, extending apex of tibia. Tarsus. Ventrally with row of 13–15+1 spine-like short setae. Tarsal claw. 0.2 × length of tarsus. Mid and hind legs ( Figs. 4B, C View FIGURE 4 ). Similar to fore leg, except for subapical projections of femur less developed and type of setae on inner apex of tibia on (simple instead of serrate). Abdomen. Terga ( Fig. 4D View FIGURE 4 ). Spines present on posterior margins of segments II –X (occasionally reduced in segment II); spines approximately with the same length and not slanted, larger spines 2.5 × longer than wide. Sterna. Spines present on posterior margin of segments IV – IX. Gills. Outer margin serrated on distal 1/4; inner margin slightly serrated; few secondary tracheae extending from main trunk to inner and outer margins. Gill I about 3/4 length of segment II, oval. Gill IV 1 1/2 length of segment V, asymmetric, broad at the middle. Gill VII about 1 1/2 length of segment VIII. Paraproct ( Figs. 4E–F View FIGURE 4 ) with 15–19 spines. Cercus with large spines on every two segments. Terminal filament without large spines.

Male imago ( Fig. 5 View FIGURE 5 ). Length (in mm). Body: 5.8–6.0; antenna: 0.9; fore wing: 6.5; hind wing: 1.13–1.15; tibia I: 2.1; tibia II: 0.9; tibia III: 0.8; caudal filaments: broken.

Coloration ( Fig. 5 View FIGURE 5 ). Head dark brown with yellowish-white stripe between inner margin of compound eyes to base of antenna; yellowish-brown mark between inner margin of lateral ocelli and surrounding middle ocelli. Antenna light brown. Lateral ocelli cream, surrounded with black. Compound eye cream. Turbinate eyes yellowish-brown; basal ½ of stalk brown, remainder cream. Pronotum dark brown. Mesothorax mostly dark brown; antelateroparapsodal and recurrent scuto-scutellar sutures cream. Metanotum dark brown. Fore wing hyaline; veins light brown, dark brown in distal ½ of C – MP. Hind wing hyaline; veins light brown. Foreleg trochanter yellowish-brown with subapical orange mark; trochanter, femur, tibia and tarsi light brown; mid and hindleg similar, light brown. Terga I, VII – X brown; II – V cream; VI light brown; terga II – VI with lateral brown area; tergum IV with median pair of brown spots; posterior margin of terga II – VI with membrane tinged with brown. Sterna I, VII – X brown; II – VI cream. Tracheation black. Forceps predominantly brown, lighter towards apex.

Head ( Fig. 5A View FIGURE 5 ). Turbinate eyes separated approximately by the width of lateral ocellus; inner margin parallel; upper surface oblong; length 1.35× width; stalk height 0.66× width of dorsal portion. Thorax ( Fig. 5B View FIGURE 5 ). Anteronotal protuberance rounded. Metascutellar protuberance posteriorly pointed. Fore wing ( Fig. 5C View FIGURE 5 ). Stigmatic area with 7 short veins, some incomplete; marginal intercalary veins paired, single between RA-RP 1 (sometimes paired), ICu 1 - ICu 2 and ICu 2 -CuP, absent between veins Sc-RA and CuP-A. Hind wing ( Fig. 5C View FIGURE 5 ). With 2 complete longitudinal veins. Costal process hooked, located on basal third. Legs. Foreleg: tibia 0.6 × length of femur; tarsi 0.05 × length of femur; tarsus segments in decreasing order: 2, 3, 4, 5, 1; mid and hindleg similar. Abdomen ( Fig. 5B View FIGURE 5 ). Genitalia. ( Fig. 5D View FIGURE 5 ). Forceps segment I subrectangular; 0.4× length of segment II; distance between base of forceps 1.0 × distance between lateral margins of forceps. Segment II of forceps with medial constriction. Segment III oval. Posterior margin of subgenital plate slightly convex at middle.

Female imago ( Fig. 6A View FIGURE 6 ) Length (in mm). Body: 6.2; antenna: broken; fore wing: 6.4; hind wing: 1; tibia I: 0.9; tibia II: 0.8; tibia III: 0.8; caudal filaments: broken.

Head ( Fig. 6A View FIGURE 6 ). Coloration light brown; compound eyes, lateral and middle ocelli similar to male imago. Antenna light brown. Thorax ( Fig. 6B View FIGURE 6 ). Pronotum light brown with brown marks. Mesothorax predominantly brownish-grey; antelateroparapsodal and medioparapsidal sutures cream; mediolongitudinal suture brown. Metanotum brown. Forewing ( Fig. 6C View FIGURE 6 ). Hyaline; longitudinal and cross yellowish-brown. Stigmatic area with 5 to 7 cross veins touching or almost touching subcostal vein and 2 veins not touching subcostal vein; marginal intercalary veins similar to the male imago. Hindwing ( Fig. 6C View FIGURE 6 ). Similar to male imago. Legs. Foreleg 2. 9 mm; trochanter yellowish-brown with subapical orange mark; trochanter, femur, tibia and tarsi light brown; middle and hindleg similar. Abdomen ( Fig. 6B View FIGURE 6 ). Tergum I dark brown; terga II, V – X brown; terga III and IV light brown; tergum IV with median pair of brown spots. Sterna light brown with sublateral dark brown subtriangular marks on segments II−VIII.

Female subimago ( Figs. 7A–B View FIGURE 7 ). Body color pattern and lengths similar to female imago but opaque.

Type Material. Holotype: Male imago (in alcohol) with corresponding nymphal exuviae on slide, BRAZIL, Minas Gerais, Araponga, Parque Estadual da Serra do Brigadeiro ; Trilha para Pedra do Pato (20º 44’ 38” S; 42º 28’ 03” W), 23/VI/2024, Amaral, I.F., Cifuentes-Vargas, E.T., Salles, F.F. & Lima M.M. cols. ( UFVB: EP02956 View Materials ) GoogleMaps . Paratypes: One female imago with corresponding nymphal exuviae and one female subimago with corresponding nymphal exuviae on slide, same data as holotype ( MNRJ). GoogleMaps 3 nymphs, Brazil, Minas Gerais, Araponga, Parque Estadual da Serra do Brigadeiro ; início Trilha Pedra do Pato (20° 43’ 59” S 42° 28’ 12” W), 07/ VI/24 , Salles, F.F., Neto, P.B., Sarmento, F.R.P., Cifuentes-Vargas, E.T. & Alvim, J.B. cols. ( UFVB: EP02958 View Materials ). GoogleMaps 6 nymphs (three dissected), Brazil, Minas Gerais, Araponga, Parque Estadual da Serra do Brigadeiro ; Trilha das águas (20° 43’ 52” S; 42° 27’ 54” W), 28/V /2024, Amaral, I.F., Viana, A.D.L. & Correia, M.C.D. cols. ( UFVB: EP02959 View Materials ) GoogleMaps . One female imago with corresponding nymphal exuviae on slide, Brazil, Minas Gerais, Araponga, Parque Estadual da Serra do Brigadeiro ; Trilha das águas (20° 43’ 52” S; 42° 27’ 54” W), 28/V /2024, Amaral, I.F., Viana, A.D.L. & Correia, M.C.D. cols. ( UFVB: EP02957 View Materials ) GoogleMaps .

Additional material. 7 nymphs (two dissected) and 1 male imago, Brazil, Minas Gerais, Catas Altas, Cachoeira da Santa (20º 05’ 17” S; 43º 25’ 06” W), 25/I/2015, Salles, F.F. col. UFVB: EP02962 View Materials GoogleMaps . 2 nymphs, Brazil, Minas Gerais, Ouro Preto, Parque das Andorinhas , Cachoeira Véu das Noivas (20º 21’ 30” S; 43º 29’ 18” W), 18/X/2023, Amaral, I.F., Morais, C.M.A. & Domingues, S.P. cols. UFVB: EP02963 View Materials GoogleMaps . One nymph (dissected), Brazil, Minas Gerais, Ouro Preto, Parque das Andorinhas , Cachoeira Véu das Noivas (20º 21’ 30” S; 43º 29’ 18” W), 15/II GoogleMaps /2024, Amaral, I.F., Silva, E.F. cols. UFVB: EP02964 View Materials .

Material examined of C. aymore : Holotype. Male imago with corresponding nymphal exuviae, BRAZIL, Espírito Santo, Parque Nacional do Caparaó, Ibitirama , Pedra Roxa River (20° 23’ 48.1’ ‘S; 41° 44’ 08.1’’ W), 20/ IV/2008, Salles F.F., Massariol, F.C., Boldrini, R., Lima, M.M. & Britto, P.V.A. cols. ( INPA) . Paratype. Nymphal exuviae on slide, BRAZIL, Espírito Santo, Parque Nacional do Caparaó, Ibitirama, Tecnotruta River , propriedade “Sonho meu” , 21/iv/2008, rock, moderate current, Salles F.F., Massariol, F.C., Boldrini, R., Lima, M.M. & Britto, P. V.A. cols. GoogleMaps Slide of nymph PT 09, Brazil, Espírito Santo, Espera Feliz, Rio São Domingos , Cachoeira do Aurélio (20° 28’ 57.5’’ S, 41° 50’ 14.5’’ W 1800m), 22/ IV /2008 GoogleMaps . Slide of nymph PT 11, Brazil, Espírito Santo, Espera Feliz Rio São Domingos, Cachoeira Sete Pilões (20° 28’ 57.1’’ S, 41° 49’ 50.4’’ W 1850m), 25/ III /2009 GoogleMaps .

Etymology. The specific epithet is a combination of words derived from the Tupi-Guarani: ‘tova’ (face) and ‘una’ (black), alluding to the color pattern of the head. Name in apposition.

Distribution. Southeastern Brazil, Minas Gerais State (Araponga, Catas Altas, Ouro Preto); Espírito Santo State (Alto Caparaó, Espera Feliz).