Callia axillaris ( Dalman, 1823 )

Callia axillaris ( Dalman, 1823) View in CoL

( Fig. 22–29 View Figures 22–29 )

Lamia axillaris Dalman 1823: 69 View in CoL ; Germar 1823: 485.

Callia axillaris Germar 1839: 330 View in CoL ; Newman 1840: 14; Lacordaire 1872: 908; Gemminger 1873: 3214 (cat.); Zikán and Zikán 1944: 43, 45 (distr., hosts); Blackwelder 1946: 626 (checklist); Gilmour 1965: 647 (cat.); Silva et al. 1968: 400 (hosts); Zajciw 1972: 70 (distr.); Galileo and Martins 1991: 260 (key); Monné and Giesbert 1992: 253 (syn.); Monné and Giesbert 1994: 296 (checklist); Monné 1995: 92 (cat.); Galileo and Martins 2002: 52 (key); Monné 2002: 3 (cat.; hosts); 2005: 317 (cat.); Monné and Hovore 2006: 230 (checklist); Monné et al. 2010: 247 (distr.); Monné et al. 2012: 56 (distr.); Monné et al. 2016: 23 (distr.); Monné 2019: 452 (cat.).

Callia ( Callia) axillaris Bates 1885: 423 View in CoL ; Aurivillius 1923: 600 (cat.); Zajciw 1958a: 58; Duffy 1960: 281 (biol.); Gilmour 1965: 647 (cat.).

Callia flavofemorata Laporte 1840: 486 View in CoL ; Redtenbacher 1868: 185 (distr.); Lacordaire 1872: 908; Gemminger 1873: 3214 (cat.); Blackwelder 1946: 626 (checklist); Galileo and Martins 1991: 260 (key).

Callia ( Callia) flavofemorata Aurivillius 1923: 600 View in CoL (cat.); Zajciw 1958a: 58; 1958b: 21 (distr.).

Callia pulchra Melzer 1930: 206 View in CoL ; Bosq 1943: 111 (distr.); Blackwelder 1946: 626 (checklist); Zikán and Wygod- zinsky 1948: 50 (type); Buck 1959: 609 (distr.); Viana 1972: 405 (distr.); Penz-Reis and Meyer 1991: 87 (types); Galileo and Martins 1991: 260; Di Iorio 1994: 19 (hosts); Monné and Giesbert 1994: 297 (checklist); Monné 1995: 94 (cat.); González and Di Iorio 1997: 170, 173 (hosts); Monné 2002: 4 (cat. hosts); Galileo and Martins 2002: 51 (key); Di Iorio 2004: 65 (hosts); Monné 2005: 319 (cat.); Monné and Hovore 2006: 230 (checklist); Wappes et al. 2006: 42 (distr.); Wappes et al. 2013: 10 (distr.); Monné et al. 2017: 60 ( lectotype); Monné 2019: 456 (cat.). New synonym.

Callia ( Callia) pulchra Zajciw 1958a: 57 View in CoL ; Zajciw and Ruffinelli 1962: 84 (distr.); Gilmour 1965: 647 (cat.).

Dalman (1823) described Lamia axillaris View in CoL based on a single specimen ( Fig. 22 View Figures 22–29 ) from Brazil (no further details). In the same year, Germar (1823) described the same species with the same name. However, according to Germar (1839) (translated): “643 [sic]. Lamia axillaris View in CoL , Callia View in CoL . Mr. Dalmann [sic] described it under the same name.”

Laporte (1840) described Callia flavofemorata ( Fig. 23 View Figures 22–29 ) from Brazil (no further details). Monné and Giesbert (1992) synonymized it with Callia axillaris ( Dalman, 1823) . Later, Melzer (1930) described Callia pulchra ( Fig. 27–29 View Figures 22–29 ) based on males and females from Brazil ( Paraná and Santa Catarina).

Currently, Callia axillaris is known from Brazil ( Bahia, Espírito Santo, Rio de Janeiro), and Callia pulchra from Brazil ( Minas Gerais, Espírito Santo, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Paraná, Santa Catarina, Rio Grande do Sul), Bolivia ( Santa Cruz, Tarija), Paraguay, Argentina ( Tucumán, Misiones, Corrientes), Uruguay ( Monné 2019). Redtenbacher (1868) was the first who reported a more detailed locality in Brazil for C. flavofemorata ( Rio de Janeiro), and Zajciw (1958b) first provided a locality for C. axillaris ( Rio de Janeiro).

Examination of the photographs of the types of Lamia axillaris ( Fig. 22 View Figures 22–29 ), Callia flavofemorata ( Fig. 23 View Figures 22–29 ), and Callia pulchra ( Fig. 27–29 View Figures 22–29 ), as well as series of specimens from Brazil, Paraguay and Bolivia, reveal a wide variation in coloration. Although this variation is most dramatic dorsally, the color of the femora is also variable, from entirely dark to reddish-brown with dark apex, and the ventral surface of the body may be metallic-blue (with or without violaceous reflections) or slightly more grayish. Accord- ingly, as no other morphological differences were found, C. pulchra is synonymized with C. axillaris .

Material examined. BOLIVIA, Bolivia, Santa Cruz: Tarij. Dept. , 30 km N Villamontes, 20°52′S / 63°22′W, 3 males, 2 females, 8–10.XII.2012, Wappes, Bonaso, Skillman col. ( ACMT) GoogleMaps ; G. Chaco Prv, 2 km SW Villamontes , 5 males, 1 female, 12–16.XII.2011, Wappes, Lingafelter, Morris & Woodley col. ( ACMT) ; 22 km W Villamontes , 21°14′42″S / 63°34′52″W, 515 m, 2 males, 1 female, 7–9.XII.2012, Wappes, Bonaso, Skillman col. ( ACMT) GoogleMaps ; 20 km Camiri, Road to Eyti , 1250 m, 19°52′S / 63°29′W, 2 males, 1 female, 5–10.XII.2012, Wappes, Bonaso, Skillman col. ( ACMT) GoogleMaps ; 20 km Camiri, Road to Eyti , 1250 m, 19°52′S / 63°29′W, 1 female, 26.XI.2013, Wappes & Skillman col. ( ACMT) GoogleMaps ; 20 km Camiri, 6–8 km E Hwy 9, 1250 m, 19°52′S / 63°29′W, 6 males, 7 females, 5–10.XII.2012, Wappes, Bonaso, Skillman col. ( ACMT). La Paz: Guanay , 1 male, XI.1992, no collector indicated ( MZSP) GoogleMaps . BRAZIL, Bahia: Entre Rios, 1 male, no other data ( MZSP). Minas Gerais: Conquista, 1 female, 30.X.1988, Diorna col. ( MZSP). Rio de Janeiro: Rio de Janeiro ( Corcovado ), 1 female, 19.XI.1956, Zajciw col. ( MZSP) ; 1 male, 9.X.1958, Zajciw col. ( MZSP) ; 1 female, XII.1961, M. Alvarenga col. ( MZSP) ; 1 male, X.1965, M. Alvarenga col. ( MZSP) ; Estrada Rio São Paulo - Km 47, 1 male, 24.X.1942, Baela col. ( MZSP). São Paulo: Marília , 1 female, XI.1945, no collector indicated ( MZSP). Paraná: Rio Negro , holotype male, 22.XII.1924, Franciscanos col. ( MZSP) ; Ponta Grossa , paratype female, III.1920, Richter col. ( MZSP) ; 1 female, I.1939, Camargo col. ( MZSP) ; Ponta Grossa, Guaraúna , 1 male, 5.XII.1938, Camargo col. ( MZSP) ; Assai , 1 male, XII.1941, Hatschbach col. ( MZSP) ; Guarapuava, 1 male, 2 females, II.1959, Schneider col. ( MZSP). Santa Catarina: São Bento , paratype female, XI.1925, A. Maller col. ( MZSP) ; Rio Vermelho , II.1950, formerly Dirings collection ( MZSP) . PARAGUAY, Guairá: Villa Rica , 1 male, 28.X.1923, no collector indicated ( MZSP) .