Pachybrachis nigricornis (Say, 1824)

Pachybrachis nigricornis

Specimens Examined. Holotypes + 1,458 specimens. CANADA: ALBERTA: Edmonton, 19.vii.1928, F. S. Carr [ 1♂ (Y), EUB nigricornis, FSCA ]; Waterton Park, 16.vi.1952, L. A. Konotopetz [ 1♀, EUB difficilis, NDSIRC ]. BRITISH COLUMBIA: Midday Valley, Merritt, 7.vi.1924, K. F. Auden [ 1♂, MCZ; 2♂♂ 2♀♀, EUB difficilis, INHS ]. ONTARIO: Hasting Co., Baptiste Lake , 10. vii.1995, B. F. & J. L. Carr [ 1♂ (Y), CNC]; Muskoka Co. , Bala , 24.vi.1956, W.J. Brown [ 1♂ 1♀, EUB difficilis, CNC ]; Ottawa Co. , Dirleton , 4.vii.1956, S. D. Hicks [ 1♂ 1♀, CNC]; Prince Edward Co. , 18.vi.1947, J. F. Brimley [ 2♀♀, EUB carbonarius, NDSIRC ; 2♂♂ 1♀, EUB carbonarius, SDSU ]; same data, except 10-17.vi.1953 [ 4♀♀, EUB carbonarius, NDSIRC ; 1♂, EUB carbonarius, SDSU ]; same data, except 23.vi.1954, wild strawberry [ 1♂, EUB carbonarius, NDSIRC ; 1♂, EUB carbonarius, SDSU ]. MANITOBA: Unknown Co. , Aweme , 7.viii.1902, E. Criddle [ 1♀, litigiosus, MCZ-BOW ]; same data, except 21.vi.1904 [ 1♀, nigricornis, MCZ-BOW ]; same data, except 29.vi.1906 [ 1♂, nigricornis, MCZ-BOW ]; same data, except 17.vii.1907 [ 1♂ 1♀, nigricornis , MCZ- BOW]; same data, except vi.1910, [ 1♂, HCF wahsatchensis, MCZ-FALL ]; Mafeking , 3.vii.1937, H. T. Peters [ 1♀ (Y), EUB nigricornis, SEMC ]; Winnipeg , Assinabone Park 12.vii.1984 [ 1♀, EUB nigricornis, FSCA ]. USA: ALABAMA: Cleburne Co. , Cheaha State Park , 3.v.1964, taken on Senecio, E. U. Balsbaugh, Jr. [ 1♀ (Y), EUB nigricornis, AUEM ]; DeKalb Co. , DeSoto State Park , 18.v.1963, E. U. Balsbaugh, Jr. [ 1♀, EUB carbonarius, AUEM ]; Houston Co. , Madrid , 18.vi.1954, D. L. Haynes [ 1♀, MSUC]; Lee Co. , 3 mi N of Auburn, fish ponds, 5.v.1964, ex. Quercus, E. U. Balsbaugh, Jr. [ 2♀♀, EUB carbonarius, AUEM ; 1♀, EUB carbonarius, NDSIRC ]; Mobile Co. , Mobile , vii.1909, H. P. Loding [ 1♂, MCZ-FALL]; same data, except iv.1910 [ 1♂, MCZ-FALL]; same data, except vi.1910 [ 1♂, MCZ-FALL]. ARKANSAS: Baxtor Co. , Bull Shoals State Park , 3.vi.1998, D. C. Arnold [ 1♀ (Y), OSEC]; Hempstead Co. , Hope , 22.v.1925 [ 1♂, MCZ-FALL]; Logan Co. , Magazine Mountain , 15-16.vii.1949, Stannard & Sanderson [ 1♂, RJB autolycus, INHS ]; same data, except 23-27.vi.1988, D. G. LeDoux [ 1♀, autolycus, TAMU ]; same data, except 1350′, 17-19.v.1989, J. MacGown & T. Schiefer [ 2♂♂ 2♀♀, EGR autolycus, MEM ]; same data, except 2640′, 15-20.v.1989, T. Sciefer & P. Porter [ 1♂ 2♀♀ ( 1♀ Y), EGR carbonarius, MEM ]; Montgomery Co. , Hickory Nut Mountain , ex. Quercus sp. , 24.vi.2002, C. L. Staines [ 2♂♂ 3♀♀, RJB autolycus, USNM ]; Polk Co. , S of Board Camp R29W, T3S, Sec. 22, 6.vi.1986, C. B. Barr [ 1♂, EGR carbonarius, LSAM ]; Unknown Co. , Ark [ 1♀, EUB carbonarius, INHS ]. COLORADO: Archuleta Co. , Pagosa Springs , about 37°16′N, 107°0′W, 7200′ [ 1♀, AMNH]; Boulder Co. , Boulder 5800′, 5.vi.1961, B. H. Poole [ 1♂, EUB nigricornis, NEOPARATYPE, SDSU ]; same data, except 5500′, 9.vi.1961 [ 2♂♂, EUB nigricornis, RJBC ]; Costilla Co. , Garland , 19.vi, Hubbard & Schwarz [ 1♀ (Y), MCZ-FALL]; Douglas Co. , Pike National Forest Flat River Campground, 6.vii.1995, R. L. Blinn [ 1♂, NCSU]; Elbert Co. , Cedar Point , 39°21.3′N 103°52.0′W, 5800 ft., 16.vi.2012, S. M. Clark [ 12♂♂ 10♀♀, RJB autolycus, BYUC ]; El Paso Co. , Colorado Springs 6,000 - 7,000 ft., 15-30.vi.1896, H. F. Wickham [ 1♂, HCF autolycus, MCZ-FALL ; 2♂♂ 2♀♀, AMNH]; Jefferson Co. , Bear Creek Lake Park, Soda Lake ( W of Denver), 1.vi.1985, M. F. Whiting [ 6♂♂, SMC nigricornis , 1♂, SMC autolycus, BYUC ]; Green Mountain Park, Lakewood, 6,300 ft., 24.v.1988, R. S. Beal [ 2♀♀ (Y), BYUC]; Park Co. , Kenosha Pass, 10,000′, 3.viii.2012, 39.4137°N 105.7547°W, R. L. Blinn [ 2♂♂, NCSU]; Washington Co. , Rt. 71, Last Chance, 21.vi.2009, J. Huether & R. Turnbow [ 1♂, RJB autolycus, BYUC ]; Unknown Co. , [ 1♀, CEUM]; Colo., C. F. B. [ 1♀ (Y), MCZ-FALL]; Rocky Mountain National Park , 5.viii.1947, R. H. Beamer [ 1♂, EUB difficilis, SEMC ]; same data, except Cascade Lodge, 2.viii.1951, H. C. Severin [ 1♂, EUB difficilis, SDSU ]. DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA: Washington DC, Hubbard & Schwarz [ 1♀, UMRM]. FLORIDA: Nassau Co. , Amelia, 15.vi.1954, R. L. Fischer [ 1♀, MSUC]; Unknown Co. , Fla [ 1♂ 1♀, EUB carbonarius, INHS ]. GEORGIA: Banks Co. , Lula, 30.v.1937, P. W. Fattig [ 1♂, UGCA]; Chatham Co. , Tybee Island , 25.vi, H.W. Wenzel [ 4♂♂, OSUC]; Clarke Co. , 3.vi.1940, H. O. Lund [ 1♀, UGCA]; Athens, 9.v.1937 [ 1♀, UGCA]; same data, except 22.v.1937, P. W. Fattig [ 1♀, UGCA]; Whitehall Forest , 5-16.v.1988, Malaise trap, C. L. Smith [ 4♂♂, UGCA]; same data, except 26-30.v.1988 [ 1♀, UGCA]; same data, except 17-23.vi.1988 [ 1♀, UGCA]; Cobb Co. , Kennesaw Mt. , 21.v.1939, P. W. Fattig [ 1♂, EUB carbonarius, NDSIRC ]; Gwinnett Co. , Dacula, 23.v.1937, P. W. Fattig [ 2♀♀, UGCA]; Stone Mt. , 25.v.1928, P. W. Fattig [ 1♀, UGCA]; Houston Co. , Perry, 14-30.iv.1938, P. W. Fattig [ 6♀♀, EUB carbonarius, UGCA ]; Jackson Co. , vicinity Attica Chr., 24.iv.1986, R. Morris [ 1♀, UGCA]; Jefferson Co. , Louisville, 8.v.1937, P. W. Fattig [ 1♀, UGCA]; Upson Co. , Thomaston, 18.v.1937, P. W. Fattig [ 1♀, UGCA]; Unknown Co. , Geo., Morr. [ 4♂♂ 1♀, MSUC]; Ga. [1?, carbonarius, MCZ-LEC ]. IDAHO: Clark Co. , Kilgore, Ching Creek , 2.vii.2004, ex. Salix sp. , A. C. Williams [ 1♀, BYUC]; Fremont Co. , Blue Creek Reservoir, 23.vii.2002, S. M. & B. D. Clark [ 1♀, BYUC]; Warm River , above campground, 3.viii.1982, Baumann-Winget [ 1♀, BYUC]; Moscow Co. , Moscow Mts. , 4.vii.1950, N. M. Downie [ 1♂, EUB difficilis, FMNH ]. ILLINOIS: Calhoun Co. , Cap. Au Gres Hill Pr. , 25.v.1967, M. W. Sanderson [ 3♂♂ 2♀♀, RJB carbonarius, INHS ; 1♀, RJBC]; Clendenny Hill Prairie , 2.5 mi N of Belleview, R. J. Barney [ 1♀ (Y), RJBC]; Kampsville, 8.vi.1949, Sanderson & Stannard [ 1♂ 1♀, EUB autolycus, INHS ]; Kampsville, Perrin’ s Ledge, 15.v.1968, M. W. Sanderson [ 1♂, INHS]; Swarnes Hill Prairie , 1 mi N of Hamburg, 22.vi.1982, R. J. Barney [ 1♂ 2♀♀, RJB autolycus, RJBC ]; Christian Co. , NE of Clarksdale, 23.vi.1961, ex. Rhus glabra, M. W. Sanderson [ 1♂, INHS; 1♀, RJBC]; Clark Co. , Clarksville, 24.vi.1950, Sanderson & Benjamin [ 1♀, INHS]; Coles Co. , Charleston, 24.v.1970, M. A. Goodrich [ 1♀, EIUC]; Diona, 13.vi.1939 [ 1♂ 1♀, EIUC]; Effingham Co. , 1 mi S of Mason, 22.v.1963, M. W. Sanderson [ 3♂♂ 3♀♀, EUB carbonarius, INHS ; 1♀, RJBC]; Hwy 37, 1 mi S Mason @ church, railroad prairie, 3.vii.2013, 38.938050N 88.643173W, R. J. & S. Barney [ 1♀, RJBC]; Franklin Co. , Sesser, 21.vi.1950, Sanderson & Smith [ 1♂, EUB carbonarius, INHS ]; Greene Co. , Bowman Hill Prairie , N of Hillview, 26.v.1967, M. W. Sanderson [ 1♂ 1♀, RJB carbonarius, INHS ]; Cole Creek Hill Prairie , 1.7 mi S of Eldred, 24.vi.1981, R. J. Barney [ 2♂♂ 4♀♀ ( 1♀ Y), RJB carbonarius, RJBC ]; Eldred , 7.vi.1949, Stannard & Sanderson [ 2♂♂, EUB carbonarius, INHS ]; Henderson Co. , Oquawka, 8.vi.1949, Stannard & Sanderson [ 1♀, INHS]; Iroquois Co. , Watseka, 4.vi.1932, Frison & Mohr [ 1♂, INHS]; Jackson Co. , Carbondale, 21.v.1908 [ 1♀, INHS]; same data, except 15.v.1910 [ 2♂♂, INHS]; Jefferson Co. , Mount Vernon , 18.vi.1993, S. M. Clark [ 1♀, BYUC]; Jersey Co. , Pere Marquette State Park , 17.v.1977, W. G. Ruesink [ 1♂ 1♀, INHS]; same data, except Ravine Trail Hill Prairie , 22.vii.1981, R. J. Barney [ 1♀, RJBC]; Richwood Township , 23.v.1950, Sanderson & Stannard [ 7♀♀ ( 4♀♀ Y), RJB carbonarius, INHS ]; Johnson Co. , Goreville, 13.vi.1958, R. L. Fischer [ 1♂, MSUC]; Ozark, 18.v.1932, H. L. Dozier [ 1♂, EUB carbonarius, INHS ]; Parker, 18.v.1908 [ 1♂, EUB carbonarius, INHS ]; Kankakee Co. , 2 mi E of Wichert, 3.vi.1976, J. K. Bouseman, W. G. Ruesink & R. J. Barney [ 1♂ 3♀♀, EUB carbonarius, RJBC ; 1♂, INHS]; Marion Co. , Tonti Railroad Prairie , 22.v.1963, M. W. Sanderson [ 2♂♂ 4♀♀, EUB carbonarius, INHS ; 3♀♀, RJBC]; Mason Co. , Revis Springs Hill Prairie , 10.vi.1982, R. J. Barney [ 21♂♂ 11♀♀, RJB autolycus, RJBC ; 1♀ (Y), RJBC]; McHenry Co. , Algonquin, W. A. Nason [ 1♂, MCZ-FALL; 2♀♀, INHS]; Monroe Co. , Bluff Cemetery, 1 mi E of Fountain, 26.v.1978, R. J. Barney [ 2♂♂, RJBC]; same data, except 12.v.1981, R. J. Barney [ 3♂♂ 7♀♀ ( 5♀♀ Y), RJB carbonarius, RJBC ]; same data, except 7.vii.1981 [ 1♀ (Y), RJBC]; Fountain Bluff, 15.v.1932, Frison, Ross & Mohr [ 1♂ 3♀♀, EUB carbonarius, INHS ]; Fults Hill Prairie , 4 mi SE of Fults, 12.v.1981, R. J. Barney [ 2♂♂ 3♀♀, RJB autolycus + 2♂♂ 7♀♀ ( 4♀♀ Y), RJB carbonarius RJBC ; 2♂♂ 3♀♀, RJB autolycus, NDSIRC ]; same data, except 17.vi.1981 [ 2♂♂ 5♀♀, RJB autolycus + 3♂♂ 7♀♀ ( 2♀♀ Y), RJB carbonarius, RJBC ]; same data, except 7.vii.1981 [ 4♀♀, RJB autolycus + 2♀♀, RJB carbonarius, RJBC ]; same data, except 12.v.1982 [ 2♂♂, RJB autolycus + 1♂, RJB carbonarius, RJBC ]; same data, except 1.vii.2013, 38.1544°N 90.1848°W, R. J. & S. Barney [ 31♂♂ 33♀♀, RJB autolycus + 21♂♂ 12♀♀ ( 1♀ Y), RJB carbonarius, RJBC ]; Valmeyer, 24.v.1950, ex. Desmodium, M. W. Sanderson [ 39♂♂ 7♀♀, EUB autolycus, INHS ; 1♂ 1♀, RJB autolycus, RJBC ; 1♀, carbonarius, INHS ]; Morgan Co. , Northeast Meredosia Hill Prairie , 4.8 mi W of Arenzville, 22.vii.1981, R. J. Barney [ 1♂, RJB autolycus, RJBC ]; same data, except 2.vii.2013, 39.8566°N 90.4644°W, R. J. & S. Barney [ 22♂♂ 10♀♀, RJB autolycus, RJBC ]; Pulaski Co. , Pulaski, 25.v.1908 [ 1♀, USNM]; Rock Island Co. , 2 mi N of Cordova, 14.vii.1982, R. J. Barney [ 1♂, RJBC]; Whiteside Co. , Thomas-Fulton Sand Prairie , 15.vii.1986, R. J. Barney [ 2♀♀, RJBC]; Will Co. , Braidwood Dunes and Savanna Nature Preserve, 4.vii.2013, 41.259162N 88.195902W, R. J. & S. Barney [ 1♀, RJBC]; Unknown Co. , Ill. [ 1♀, INHS; 1?, carbonarius, MCZ-LEC ]; same data, except H. Soltau [ 2♂♂ 1♀, Fall 1915 Revis, USNM]; Southern Ill. , H. Soltau [ 3♀♀, Fall 1915 Revis, USNM]; S ILL [ 4♀♀ (1Y), UMRM]. INDIANA: Clark Co. , Clarke Co. State Forest , 27.vi.1937 [ 1♂ 2♀♀, PERC]; Floyd Co. , 8.vi.1965 [ 2♀♀, EUB carbonarius, PERC ]; same data, except 23.vi.1903, W. S. Blatchley [ 1♀ (Y), P. litigiosus, PERC ]; same data, except 14.v.1965, E. Saugstad [ 2♂♂, EUB, NDSIRC]; Lake Co. , 26.vi.1907, W. S. Blatchley [ 1♀, PERC]; Lawrence Co. , 11.vi.1908, W. S. Blatchley [ 1♂, EUB carbonarius, PERC ]; Orange Co. , French Lick, 28.v.1909 [ 2♂♂ 1♀, HCF carbonarius, MCZ-FALL ]; Parke Co. , Turkey Run, 20.vi.1926, K. F. Auden [ 1♀, INHS]; Tippecanoe Co. , 27.vi.1956, N. M. Downie [ 2♂♂, AMNH]; same data, except 15.vi.1957 [ 2♀♀, AMNH]. IOWA: Unknown Co. , Ia. [ 2♂♂ 1♀, EUB carbonarius, ISUI ]. KANSAS: Barber Co. , 15 mi W Medicine Lodge, 13.v.1966, Michener & party [ 1♂ 2♀♀, EUB autolycus, SEMC ]; Bourbon Co. , 800 ft., R. H. Beamer [ 3♂♂, RJB autolycus, SEMC ]; Elk Creek Lake , west side, 30.v.2008, D. J. Bennett [ 3♂♂ 9♀♀, RJB autolycus, SEMC ]; Cherokee Co. , 2 mi S Galena, 29.v.2012, G. A. Salibury [ 1♂ 1♀, SEMC]; Clark Co. , 1962 ft., vi, F. H. Snow [ 1♀, HCF, SEMC]; Cowley Co. , 1114 ft., R. H. Beamer [ 1♂ 1♀, EUB autolycus, SEMC ]; Decatur Co. , 9.vii.1932, R. H. Beamer [ 1♀, EUB autolycus, SEMC ]; Hamilton Co. , 3850 ft., F. H. Snow [ 1♂ 1♀, HCF autolycus, SEMC ]; Labette Co. , Big Hill Reservoir, Intersection 19000 & Douglas, 23.v.2008, A. C. Warden [ 1♀, SEMC]; Linn Co. , R. H. Beamer [ 3♀♀, EUB autolycus, SEMC ]; McPherson Co. , 27.vii.1927, R. H. Beamer [ 1♂ 2♀♀, EUB autolycus, SEMC ]; Meade Co. , Meade, 12.vi.1903 [ 4♂♂, HCF autolycus , PARATYPES, MCZ-FALL]; Miami Co. , R. H. Beamer [ 3♂♂ 2♀♀, EUB autolycus + 1♀, EUB carbonarius, SEMC ]; Montgomery Co. , Elk City, 25.iv.1940, R. H. Beamer [ 1♂, EUB autolycus, SEMC ]; same data, except 24.v.1940 [ 1♂ 1♀, EUB autolycus + 2♀♀, EUB carbonarius, SEMC ]; same data, except 3.vi.1940, Beamer & Sanderson [ 2♀♀, EUB autolycus + 7♀♀, EUB carbonarius, SEMC ]; Neosho Co. , Chanute, 30.viii.1933 [ 9♂♂ 7♀♀, EUB autolycus, SEMC ]; St. Paul , 9 mi S Neosho Wildlife Area, 30.v.2008, A. C. Warden [ 2♂♂ 7♀♀, RJB autolycus, SEMC ]; Ottawa Co. , 5 mi N Bennington, 18.vi.1954, C. D. Michener [ 1♂, EUB autolycus, SEMC ]; Reno Co. , Medora , 13.vi.1915, W. Knaus [ 1♂, OSUC]; same data, except 8.vii.1927, R. H. Beamer [ 1♂ 1♀, EUB autolycus, SEMC ]; same data, except 4.vii.1931, P. A. Readio [ 1♀, EUB autolycus, SEMC ]; same data, except 25.vi.1940, D. R. Lindsay [ 2♀♀, EUB autolycus + 1♀, EUB carbonarius, SEMC ]; Sandhills State Park , 2.5 mi S Medora, 38.116°N 97.855°W, 4.vi.2007, S. M. Clark [ 1♀, RJB autolycus, BYUC ; 1♀ (Y), RJB carbonarius, RJBC ]; Rice Co. , 10.5 mi NW Medora, 4.vi.2007, S. M. Clark [ 1♂, BYUC; 1♀ (Y), RJBC]; Riley Co. , 7-19.vi.1962, J. R. McCoy [ 1♂ 1♀, EGR autolycus, MEM ]; same data, except 8.vii.1962 [ 2♀♀, EGR autolycus, MEM ]; same data, except 1-12-vi.1963 [ 9♂♂ 9♀♀, EGR autolycus, MEM ]; same data, except 12.vi.1963, J. R. McCoy [ 2♂♂, autolycus, TAMU ]; Rush Co. , 28.vi.1916, F. X. Williams [ 1♀, EUB autolycus, SEMC ]; Saline Co. , 15.vii.1927, L. C. Woodruff [ 1♀, EUB autolycus, SEMC ]; Scott Co. , 21.vi.1929, H. O. Deay [ 1♀, EUB autolycus, SEMC ]; Sedgwick Co. , Wichita, 10.vi.1940, Beamer, Penner, Sanderson [ 1♂ 1♀, EUB carbonarius, SEMC ]; Stafford Co. , Salt Marsh, 21.vi.1940, R. H. Beamer [ 1♀, EUB autolycus, SEMC ]; Wabaunsee Co. , 17.vi.1963, J. R. McCoy [ 1♂, EGR autolycus, MEM ]; Wilson Co. , 3.8 mi E Fredonia, Hwy. 17, 37.5302°N, 95.7361°W, 3.vi.2007, E. G. Riley [ 9♂♂ 12♀♀ ( 2♀♀ Y), autolycus, TAMU ]; Woodson Co. , Biscuit Mound, 37.8651°N, 95°9284W, 3.vi.2007, E. G. Riley [ 5♀♀, autolycus, TAMU ]; Unknown Co. , Kan. [ 2♀♀, CEUM]; same data, except Snow [ 1♂, HCF autolycus, SEMC ]; Ks., Stromberg Collection [ 2♂♂, autolycus, INHS ]; Kans., Snow [ 4♀♀, HCF autolycus, MCZ-FALL ; 1♂, EUB autolycus, NDSIRC ]. KENTUCKY: Christian Co. , Fort Campbell , 5.vi.2008, R. J. Barney [ 8♂♂ 3♀♀, carbonarius, RJBC ]; same data, except 21.vi.2009 [ 1♀, RJBC]; Graves Co. , Mayfield, 20.vi.1958, J. G. Brady [ 1♀, MSUC]; Grayson Co. , 2 mi W of Leitchfield, 11.vi.1983, R. J. Barney [ 5♂♂ 5♀♀ ( 2♀♀ Y), carbonarius, RJBC ]; same data, except 29.vi.1985 [ 3♀♀ ( 2♀♀ Y), carbonarius, RJBC ]; same data, except 30.v.2006, R. J. Barney [ 1♀, RJBC]; Hardin Co. , Eastview Barrens State Nature Preserve, 21.vi.2004, R. J. Barney [ 1♀, RJBC]; same data, except 30.v.2006 [ 2♂♂ 1♀, RJBC]; same data, except 12.vi.2007 [ 1♀, RJBC]; same data, 21.v.2008 [ 2♀♀, RJBC]; same data, except 13.vi.2008 [ 1♂ 1♀, RJBC]; same data, except 9.vi.2009 [ 3♂♂ 3♀♀ ( 2♀♀ Y), carbonarius, RJBC ]; same data, except 1.vii.2009 [ 1♂ 1♀, RJBC]; Hart Co. , 1 mi S of Rowletts, 29.vi.1985, R. J. Barney [ 1♂ 2♀♀ ( 1♀ Y), carbonarius, RJBC ]; Henry Co. , KSU Environmental Education Center, 26.v.2006, R. J. Barney [ 4♂♂ 7♀♀, RJBC]; same data, except 13.vi.2006 [ 1♂, RJBC]; same data, except 19.vi.2007 [ 2♂♂ 1♀, RJBC]; same data, except 2.vii.2007 [ 1♀, RJBC]; same data, except 13.v.2008, ex. Desmodium paniculatum [ 3♂♂ 3♀♀, carbonarius, RJBC ]; LaRue Co. , Thompson Creek Glades State Nature Preserve, 30.v.2006, R. J. Barney [ 1♂ 1♀, carbonarius, RJBC ]; Lewis Co. , Crooked Creek Barrens State Nature Preserve, 24.v.2006, R. J. Barney [ 2♂♂ 1♀, carbonarius, RJBC ]; same data, except 17.vi.2009, R. J. Barney & S. L. Hall [ 2♂♂ 1♀, RJBC]; Lincoln Co. , Bouteloua Barrens State Nature Preserve, 6.vi.2005, R. J. Barney [ 2♂♂, RJBC]; Logan Co. , Raymond Athey Barrens State Nature Preserve, 18.v.2005, R. J. Barney [ 2♀♀, RJBC]; same data, except 3.vi.2005 [ 4♂♂ 2♀♀, RJBC]; same data, except 16.vi.2005 [ 3♂♂ 2♀♀, RJBC]; same data, except 9.v.2006 [ 4♂♂ 12♀♀ ( 5♀♀ Y), carbonarius, RJBC ]; same data, except 8.vi.2006 [ 10♂♂ 11♀♀ ( 4♀♀ Y), carbonarius, RJBC ]; same data, except 23.v.2007 [ 2♂♂ 3♀♀ ( 1♀ Y), carbonarius, RJBC ]; same data, except 18.v.2008 [ 9♂♂ 13♀♀ ( 10♀♀ Y), carbonarius, RJBC ]; same data, except 19.vi.2008 [ 5♂♂ 5♀♀, RJBC]; same data, except 19.v.2009 [ 3♂♂ 14♀♀ ( 7♀♀ Y), carbonarius, RJBC ]; same data, except 22.vi.2009 [ 1♀ (Y), RJBC]; Nicholas Co. , Blue Licks Battlefield State Nature Preserve, 5.vi.1983, R. J. Barney [ 1♀, RJBC]; Pendleton Co. , Kincaid Lake State Park , 30.vi.1971, P. H. Freytag [ 1♂, UKIC]; Robertson Co. , Blue Licks Battlefield State Nature Preserve, 24.v.2006, R. J. Barney [ 3♂♂ 4♀♀, carbonarius, RJBC ]; same data, except 15.vi.2006 [ 2♀♀, RJBC]; same data, except 20.vii.2006 [ 1♀, RJBC]; same data, except 22.v.2008 [ 1♂ 1♀, RJBC]; same data, except 17.vi.2009, R. J. Barney & S. L. Hall [ 1♂ 5♀♀, RJBC]; same data, except 30.vi.2009 [ 1♂ 3♀♀, RJBC]; same data, except 24.vii.2009 [ 2♀♀, RJBC]; Trigg Co. , Fort Campbell , 5.vi.2008, R. J. Barney [ 10♂♂ 4♀♀, RJBC]; same data, except 18.vi.2008 [ 7♂♂ 15♀♀ ( 4♀♀ Y), carbonarius, RJBC ]; same data, except 10.vii.2008 [ 1♂ 2♀♀, RJBC]; same data, except 18.v.2009 [ 1♂, RJBC]; same data, except 1.vi.2009 [ 12♂♂ 13♀♀ ( 2♀♀ Y), carbonarius, RJBC ]; same data, except 21.vi.2009 [ 6♂♂ 3♀♀ ( 1♀ Y), carbonarius, RJBC ]. LOUISIANA: Bossier Par., Barksdale AFB, 22-30.iv.1996, Malaise trap in prairie, D. M. Pollock [ 1♀ (Y), MEM]; Barksdale Air Force Base, 32° 29′N, 93° 35′W, 19.v.1996, night sweep, calcareous prairie, E. G. Riley [ 3♂♂ ( 1♂ Y) 26♀♀ ( 23♀♀ Y), TAMU]; Bodcau W.M.A. 32° 42′N 93°30′W, 23.v.2000, V. L. Moseley [ 1♀, LSAM]; Bodcau Wildlife Man. Area , 32° 42′N, 93 o 30′W, 20.v.1996, E. G. Riley [ 1♂, TAMU]; Lamar Co. , Camp Maxey, 33°48′36′N, 95°34′10′W, 24.v.2003, E. G. Riley [ 8♂♂ 7♀♀, TAMU]; same data, except [ 3♂♂ 10♀♀, autolycus, TAMU ]; Natchitoches Pr., Kisatchie Natl. Forest ca. 2 mi E Red Bluff Campground, 9.iv.1992, D. A. Rider [ 2♀♀, LSAM]; same data, except 7.v.1993 [ 1♀, LSAM]; Rapides Pr., Valentine Lake near Gardner, 6.v.1972, M. E. Dakin & P. L. Dakin [ 1♀, LSAM]. MAINE: Androscoggin Co. , Wales, 19.vi.1906, C. A. Frost [ 1♂, HCF difficilis, MCZ-FALL ]; Hancock Co. , Mt. Desert , 16.vi.1922, C. W. Johnson [ 1♂, difficilis, USNM ]; Kennebec Co. , Augusta, 6.vii.1940, A. E. Brower [ 2♂♂, difficilis, USNM ]. MARYLAND: Anne Arundel Co. , Harmans, 10.vi.1985, J. F. Cavey [ 1♀, JFCC]; same data, except 2.vii.1985 [ 1♀, JFCC]; Howard Co. , Ellicott City, 4.vi.1968, R. Gordon [ 1♀, USNM]; Prince George’ s Co., 9.vi.1960, J. R. McCoy [ 1♂, MEM]; College Park, 2.v.1948, B. K. Dozier [ 1♀, FSCA]. MASSACHUSETTS: Barnstable Co. , Wellfleet, 25.vi.1920 [ 1♀, MCZ-FALL]; same data, except 27.viii.1901 [ 1♀, MCZ]; Middlesex Co. , Sherbon, 15.vi.1913, C. A. Frost [ 2♂♂ 2♀♀, difficilis MCZ ]; Tyngsboro, 15.vii.1900 [ 1♂, HCF difficilis , PARATYPE, MCZ-FALL]; Unknown Co. , Mass. [ 1♀, MCZ-FALL; 2??, difficilis, MCZ-LEC ]. MICHIGAN: Allegan Co. , 10.vi.1949, R. Namba [ 1♂, MSUC]; Cheboygan Co. , 3.v.1930 [ 1♀, EUB difficilis, SEMC ]; Douglas Lake , 28.vii.1926, C. Martin [ 1♀, EUB difficilis, SEMC ]; Chippewa Co. , Whitefish Point, 28.vii.1914, A. W. Andrews [ 1♀, EUB difficilis, MSUC ]; Kalamazoo Co. , Gull Lake Biological Station , 5.vi.1957, R. L. Fischer [ 1♂, MSUC]; same data, except 29.vi.1964 [ 1♀, MSUC]; same data, except 26.v.1976, R. J. Barney [ 1♀ (Y), carbonarius, RJBC ]; Livingston Co. , Whitmore Lake , 7.vii.1956, G. H. Nelson [ 2♂♂ 2♀♀, AMNH]; Marquette Co. , Marquette, 7.viii, Hubbard & Schwarz [ 3♀♀ ( 2♀♀ Y), Fall 1915 Revis carbonarius, USNM ]; Montcalm Co. , Stanton, 5.vi.1959, H. D. Niemczyk [ 1♀, MSUC]; Newaygo Co. , Newaygo, 30.v.1928, L. G. Gentner [ 1♀, MSUC]; Wayne Co. , Detroit, Hubbard & Schwarz [ 2♀♀, Fall 1915 Revis difficilis, USNM ]; Unknown Co. , MI [ 1♀, teste Fall, CMNH]; MI, Lec. [ 1♀, CMNH]. MINNESOTA: Anoka / Isanti Co. , Cedar Creek Natural History Area , 15.vi.2002 [ 1♀, UMSP]; Isanti Co. , Cedar Creek Natural History Area , 16.vii.1985 [ 1♂ (Y), UMSP]; same data, except 11.vi.1987 [ 1♂ (Y), UMSP]; same data, except 20.vi.2001 [ 1♂, UMSP]; Winona Co. , Winona, 2.vii.1968, Harris & Colley [ 1♂, UMSP]. MISSISSIPPI: Chickasaw Co. , Buena Vista , 33°53′40′N 88°49′22′W, 7.v.2010, J. G. Hill [ 1♂ 2♀♀ ( 1♂ Y), MEM]; same data, except Pulliam Prairie , 33.89416°N, 88.82416°W, 6.vi.2014, R. J. Barney [ 6♂♂ ( 1♂ Y) 4♀♀ ( 1♀ Y), carbonarius, RJBC ]; Tombigbee National Forest , 5 km NNW Buena Vista, 33.9725°N, 88.8561°W, 6.vi.2014, S. M. Clark [ 1♀, BYUC]; Harrison Co. , Cat Island , 7.ix.1920, H. L. Dozier [ 1♀, SEMC]; Lowndes Co. , 11.v.1991, D. M. Pollock [ 1♂, MEM]; Crawford, 33°18′01′N 88°36′38′W, 27.v.2009, J. G. Hill [ 4♂♂ 3♀♀, MEM]; Noxubee Co. , Noxubee National Wildlife Refuge, 33°15′12′N 88°46′16′W, 11.v.2011, T. L. Schiefer [ 24♂♂ 20♀♀, MEM]; Oktibbeha Co. , A &M College, 17.v.1925, R. Melvin [ 1♂, MEM]; State College, 11.iv, C. L. Barry [ 1♀, MEM]; same data, except 30.iv.1939, W. L. Lewis [ 1♀, MEM]; Chickasaw WMA, 33.9725°N, − 88.8550°W, 6.vi.2014, R. J. Barney [ 1♂ 4♀♀, carbonarius, RJBC ]; Osborn, 33°30′41′N 88°44′08′W, 13.iv.2001, J. G. Hill [ 1♀ (Y), MEM]; same data, except 14.v-13.vi.2001 [ 2♂♂ 2♀♀, MEM]; same data, except 27.v.2009 [ 1♀, MEM]; Osborn Prairie , 28.iv.2007, R. Turnbow [ 3♂♂ 1♀, FSCA]; same data, except 33.5113°N, − 88.7355°W, 6.vi.2014, R. J. Barney [ 1♂, RJBC]. MISSOURI: Benton Co. , Rock Hill prairie, 14.vi.1994, D. G. LeDoux [ 1♂ 2♀♀, TAMU]; Callaway Co. , Fulton, 24.iv.1949, G. W. Thomas [ 1♀, EGR carbonarius, UMRM ]; Tucker Prairie , 4.vi.1968 [ 1♀, EGR carbonarius, UMRM ]; Camden Co. , Camdenton, 11.vi.1939, N. L. Wright [ 1♀, UMRM]; Ha Ha Tonka State Park , Lodge Glade, 24.iv.2001, D. G. LeDoux [ 5♂♂ 1♀, autolycus, TAMU ]; same data, except 17.v.2001 [ 18♂♂ 9♀♀ carbonarius , 18♂♂ 8♀♀, autolycus, TAMU ]; same data, except 21.vi.2001 [ 6♂♂ 10♀♀, autolycus, TAMU ]; Rt. J NE Mack’ s Creek, 27.vi.1993, D. G. LeDoux [ 1♂ 2♀♀ (Y), TAMU]; Christian Co. , Sparta, 15.vi.1940, C. Wingo [ 1♀, UMRM]; Cooper Co. , 21.v.1939, W. R. Enns [ 1♀, UMRM]; Franklin Co. , Fern Glen, 14.vi.1901, G. W. Bock [ 2♂♂ 3♀♀, EGR autolycus, UMRM ; 2♂♂, EUB, UMRM]; Iron Co. , Taum Sauk State Park , Wiemer Hill, igneous glade, 25.iv.2000, D. G. LeDoux [ 15♂♂ 32♀♀ ( 21♀♀ Y), TAMU]; Jackson Co. , Englewood, Devils Backbone, 17.v.1956, W. R. Enns [ 1♀, EGR autolycus, UMRM ]; Jasper Co. , Wah-Sha-She Prairie , 2 mi N Asbury, 12.vi.1978, E. G. Riley [ 1♂ 1♀, EGR autolycus, UMRM ]; Jefferson Co. , Pevely, 22.vi.1909, Dr. G. W. Bock [ 1♂ 3♀♀, EUB autolycus, UMRM ]; Victoria Glades, 2 mi SE Hillsboro, 19.v.1995, D. G. LeDoux & B. L. LeDoux [ 2♂♂ 3♀♀, autolycus, TAMU ]; Laclede Co. , Bennett Springs Savanna Nature Area , 3.vi.1995, D. G. LeDoux [ 1♂ 2♀♀, TAMU]; Lawrence Co. , Marionville, 4.vi.1938, W. W. Smith [ 1♂, EUB carbonarius, UMRM ]; Maries Co. , Spring Creek Nature Area , 26.v.1994, D. G. LeDoux [ 1♂ (Y), 1♀, autolycus, TAMU ]; Phelps Co. , Rosati, 24.v.1949, G. W. Thomas [ 1♂ 5♀♀ ( 4♀♀ Y), EGR carbonarius, UMRM ]; Pike Co. , New Hartford, 13.vi.1940, W. S. Craig [ 2♀♀, UMRM]; Randolph Co. , Rothwell Park, Moberly, 14.vi.1980, E. G. Riley [ 1♂ 1♀, TAMU]; Reynolds Co. , Johnson Shut-Ins State Park , Horseshoe Glades, 15.vi.1995, D. G. LeDoux [ 2♂♂, TAMU]; St. Charles Co. , Weldon Springs, 17.vi.1968 [ 1♀, EGR carbonarius, UMRM ]; St. Clair Co. , Lichen Glade Natural Area , 12.v.1994, D. G. LeDoux [ 1♀, TAMU]; Taberville Prairie , 14.vi.1994, D. G. LeDoux [ 2♀♀, TAMU]; same data, except 1.5 mi E Appleton, 10.vi.1979, E. G. Riley [ 1♀ (Y), EGR carbonarius, UMRM ]; same data, except 2.5 mi N Taberville, 38.0482°N, - 93.9986°W, 2.vi.2007, R. J. Barney [ 5♀♀, RJBC]; St. Louis Co. , Creve Coeur Lake , 25.v.1902, G. W. Bock [ 2♂♂, EGR carbonarius, UMRM ]; Jefferson, 16.vii.1975, E. G. Riley [ 1♀, EGR carbonarius, UMRM ]; St. Louis , [ 1♂ 2♀♀, UNSM]; same data, except 3.vi.1895 [ 2♀♀ (Y), EUB carbonarius, UMRM ]; same data, except 4.vi.1896 [ 1♀ (Y), EUB carbonarius, UMRM ]; same data, except 9.vii.1896 [ 1♂, EUB carbonarius, UMRM ]; same data, except 16.vi.1919, Dr. G. W. Bock [ 2♂♂, EUB, UMRM]; Stoddard Co. , 2.8 mi NE of Dexter, Holly Preserve , 10.vi.1975, E. G. Riley [ 1♀ (Y), EGR carbonarius, UMRM ]; Stone Co. , 1 mi E Jct. 160 & 248, 7.vi.1975, S. E. Thewke [ 3♀♀ ( 2♀♀ Y), EGR carbonarius, UMRM ]; Wayne Co. , 3.5 mi N of Wappapello on Rt. Z, 11.vi.1975, E. G. Riley [ 1♀ (Y), EGR carbonarius, UMRM ]. MONTANA: Big Horn Co. , Bighorn River Ft. Smith, 25.v.1988, D. L. Gustafson [ 1♀, difficilis, BYUC ]; Gallatin Co. , Bozemen, Gallatin Valley , 4.viii.1949, L. Ellig [ 2♀♀ (Y), EUB difficilis, SDSU ]; Rosebud Co. , Highway I-94 at Reservation Creek , 18.v.1988, S. M. Clark [ 1♀ (Y), BYUC]; Valley Co. , Glasgow, 27.vi.1898 [ 1♀, MCZ-FALL]. NEBRASKA: Antelope Co. , Neligh, 18.vi.1909, W. Thompson [ 1♀, UNSM]; same data, except 21.vi.1909, J. T. Zimmer [ 1♂, UNSM]; Cumming Co. , West Point , vi.1884 [ 2♂♂, UNSM]; Jefferson Co. , 5-9.vi.1989, C. A. Springer [ 1♀, UNSM]; Keith Co. , N & E sides Lake McConaughy , 21.v.2007, J. Huether [ 1♂ 1♀, RJB autolycus, BYUC ]; Lancaster Co. , Lincoln, v [ 1♀, UNSM]; Nine-Mile Prairie , 40°51′58.8′N, 96°48′20.1′W, elev. 397m, sweeping at night, 19.vi.2013, K. Miwa [ 1♀, BYUC]; Sheridan Co. , Hay Springs, 24.vi.1923 [ 1♀, UNSM]; Thomas Co. , Halsey, 8.vi.1911, J. T. Zimmer [ 1♀ (Y), UNSM]; same data, except 1.vii.1956, R. Henzlik [ 2♂♂, 1♂ EUB difficilis , 1♂ EUB carbonarius, UNSM ]; same data, except 10.vi.1958 [ 2♂♂ ( 1♂ Y), UNSM]; Unknown Co. , Sand Hills, vii [ 1♀, UNSM]. NEW HAMPSHIRE: Hillsborough Co. , Manchester, 15.vi [ 1♂, FCB carbonarius, CNC ]; Merrimack Co. , Webster 1480, Fiske [ 1♂, EGR difficilis, UNH ]; Unknown Co. , NH, [1?, litigiosus, MCZ-HORN ]. NEW JERSEY: Burlington Co. , Woodmansie, 11.vi.1997, S. M. Clark [ 1♀, BYUC]; Camden Co. , Clementon, 14.v.1899, G. M. Greene [ 1♀, USNM]; Lucaston, 30.v.1906 [ 1♀, USNM]; Cape May Co. , Anglesea, 31.v, Shoemaker [ 1♂, USNM]; Essex Co. , Montclair, 8.vi, E. A. Bischoff [ 1♂, AMNH]; Gloucester Co. , Malaga, 15.vi.1912, Shoemaker [ 1♀, USNM]; Unknown Co. , N.J., J. B. Smith [ 1♂, Fall 1915 Revis, USNM]. NEW MEXICO: Cibola Co. , Mt. Taylor , C. Hoff [ 1♂ 2♀♀, EUB autolycus, AMNH ]; Grant Co. , Silver City, 23.vii.1940, D. R. Lindsay [ 1♀, EUB autolycus, SEMC ]; San Miguel Co. , Cowles, 18.vii.1936, M. B. Jackson [ 1♀, EUB difficilis, SEMC ]; Unknown Co. , N. Mex., Dury [ 3♂♂, autolycus, CMNH ; 1♂, HCF autolycus, MCZ-FALL ; 1♂, EUB autolycus, SDSU ]; N. M. [ 2♂♂, EGR autolycus, UMRM ]; Tallque, 26.vi.1945, B. Hodgen [ 1♂, EUB autolycus, SEMC ]. NEW YORK: Delaware Co. , 29.vii.1965, R. A. Moore [ 1♀, EUB difficilis, CUIC ]; Nassau Co. , Massapequa L.I., Shoemaker [ 1♀, USNM]; Suffolk Co. , 17.vi.1967, M. I. Blenderman [ 1♂ 4♀♀, AMNH]; same data, except 2.vii.1967 [ 2♀♀, AMNH]; same data, except 10.vii.1968 [ 1♂, AMNH]; Unknown Co. , N. Y. City & vicinity, C. Schaeffer [ 3♂♂ 1♀, USNM]; Central Park L.I., 29.vi.1913, Shoemaker [ 1♀, USNM]; Van Courtland, 11.vii.1895, J. L. Zabriske [ 1♀, USNM; 1♂ 1♀, AMNH]; Mosholu [ 1♂, AMNH]. NORTH CAROLINA: Harnett Co. , Dunn, 17.v.1965, R. C. Froeschner [ 1♂, USNM]; Mecklenburg Co. , Davidson, 8.vi.1959, T. Daggy [ 1♀, NCSU]; Montgomery Co. , 12 mi NE Troy, 35.4978°N, 80.0357°W, 18.vi.2013, R. J. Barney [ 1♂ 2♀♀, carbonarius, RJBC ]; Moore Co. , Carthage, 25.iv.1938, W. J. Gertsch [ 1♀, AMNH]; Southern Pines , 6.v.1915, A. H. Manee [ 1♀, NCSU]; same data, except 19.vi.1915 [ 1♀, NCSU]; same data, except 13.vi.1917 [ 1♀, USNM]; same data, except 20.v.1919 [ 1♀, EUB carbonarius, NCSU ]; same data, except 13.v.1920 [ 1♂, EUB carbonarius, NCSU ]; Wake Co. , 17.v.1962, F. L. Roberts [ 1♀, NCSU]; Raleigh, 21.v.1952, B. K. Dozier [ 2♂♂ 4♀♀, FSCA]; same data, except 23.v.1933, D. L. Vray [ 4♂♂ 1♀, EUB carbonarius, NCSU ]; same data, except 27.iv.1936, C. S. Brimley [ 1♀, EUB carbonarius, NCSU ]; Schenck Forest , 11.v.1994, R. L. Blinn [ 1♀, USNM; 1♀, NCSU]; Washington Co. , Roper, 2.v.1952, B. K. Dozier [ 1♂, FSCA]. NORTH DAKOTA: Barnes Co. , Euphorbia esula L., D. A. Mundal [ 1♀ (Y), EUB nigricornis, NDSIRC ]; Benson Co. , Knox, 28.vii.1937, R. H. Beamer [ 1♀ (Y), EUB carbonarius, SEMC ]; Cass Co. , Fargo, 27.vi.1923, W. Baker [ 1♀ (Y), EUB nigricornis, NDSIRC ]; Dunn Co. , 17.vii.1962 [ 1♀, EUB carbonarius, NDSIRC ]; same data, except 23.vi.1963, R. Gordon [ 1♂ (Y), EUB carbonarius, NDSIRC ]; same data, except 24.vi.1964, D. Aarhus [ 1♀ (Y), EUB carbonarius, NDSIRC ]; same data, except 6.vii.1967 [ 1♂ (Y), EUB, NDSIRC]; Killdeer Mts. , 22.vi.1963, D. Aarhus [ 1♀, EUB autolycus, NDSIRC ]; same data, except 24.vi.1964 [ 1♀, EUB difficilis, NDSIRC ]; same data, except 3.viii.1965, W. Kotchman [ 1♀, EUB autolycus, NDSIRC ]; 5 mi W Killdeer, 26.v.1977, E. U. Balsbaugh, Jr. [ 1♂, EUB nigricornis, NDSIRC ]; Eddy Co. , 24.vii.1958, D. Aarhus [ 1♀ (Y), EUB nigricornis, NDSIRC ]; Hamar, 27.vii.1937, C. L. Johnston [ 1♂, EUB carbonarius, SEMC ]; McKenzie Co. , Theodore Roosevelt, 22.vi.1965, W. Kotchman [ 1♀, NDSIRC]; Slope Co. , Chalky Buttes, 1.vii.1965, W. Kotchman [ 1♂, EUB autolycus, NDSIRC ]; Unknown Co. , Black Hills [ 1♂ 1♀, HCF autolycus, MCZ-FALL ]. OHIO: Athens Co. , 28.vi.1938, J. Hughes [ 1♀, UGCA]. OKLAHOMA: Beaver Co. , 4 mi W Slapout, 12.vii.1971, D. C. Arnold [ 1♀, OSEC]; Bryan Co. , Brown, 24.v.1978, D. C. Arnold [ 5♀♀, OSEC]; Comanche Co. , 0.75 mi SE Medicine Park, 34.7234°N, 98.4885°W, 6.vi.2007, R. J. Barney [ 1♂ (Y) 1♀, RJBC]; 2 mi E Medicine Park, 34.724°N, 98.475°W, 6.vi.2007, S. M. Clark [ 1♀, BYUC]; Wichita Mountains near Quanah Parker Lake , 2.v.1998, S. M. Clark [ 5♂♂, BYUC]; Delaware Co. , Jay, 8.vii.1931, W. D. Davis [ 1♀, EUB difficilis, OSEC ]; Latimer Co. , v.1986, K. Stephan [ 3♀♀ (Y), TAMU]; same data, except iv.1988 [ 1♂ (Y), TAMU]; same data, except vi.1989 [ 1♀ (Y), TAMU]; 5 mi W Red Oak, 14.v.1977 [ 1♀ (Y), TAMU]; same data, except v.1980 [ 1♂ (Y), TAMU]; same data, except v.1981 [ 2♂♂ (Y) 5♀♀ (Y), 1♂, autolycus, TAMU ]; same data, except v.1982 [ 5♂♂ (Y) 7♀♀ (Y), TAMU]; same data, except v.1985 [ 1♂, TAMU]; same data, except v.1993 [ 5♀♀ (Y), TAMU]; Red Oak , 23.v.1966, D. C. Arnold [ 1♀, EUB difficilis ; 1♀, EUB nigricornis, OSEC ]; Logan Co. , 4 mi N, 1.5 mi E jct. Hwy. I-35 & St. 33, 6-12.vi.1984 [ 2♀♀, OSEC]; Mayes Co. , Chouteau, 30.v.1972, D. C. Arnold [ 1♂ 1♀, OSEC]; Locust Grove, 36°11′54′ N, 95°08′55′W, 18.v.2002, E. G. Riley [ 3♀♀ (Y), TAMU]; McCurtain Co. , 8.vi.1931, Costner & Davis [ 1♂, EUB autolycus, OSEC ]; Noble Co. , Perry, 16.v.1972, J. Pickle [ 2♂♂ 1♀, OSEC]; Oklahoma Co. , Jones, 13.vi.1957, D. Alexander [ 1♂, EUB autolycus, OSEC ]; Oklahoma City ( Massey Farm), 14.v.1971, J. Pickle [ 3♂♂ 2♀♀, EUB autolycus, OSEC ]; W of Edmond, 35°38′ 20"N; 97°28′W, 2.v.1979, K. Rudkin [ 1♀, OSEC]; Pawnee Co. , Sooner Lake , Pawnee, 21.vi.1984 [ 1♀, OSEC]; Payne Co. , 6.5 mi W, 4.5 mi SW jct. Hwy. 51 & 177, 6.vi.1984 [ 1♀, OSEC]; Lake Carl Blackwell , 8.vi.1959, W. A. Drew [ 1♂, EUB autolycus, OSEC ]; same data, except 15.v.1979, R. White [ 1♀, OSEC]; nr Lake Carl Blackwell , Malaise trap, 23.v.1978, A. Hollander [ 1♂ 3♀♀, OSEC]; Sanborn Lake , Stillwater, 18.v.1985, D. C. Arnold [ 2♀♀, OSEC]; Stillwater, 9.vi.1954, F. A. Fenton [ 1♀, EUB autolycus, OSEC ]; same data, except 15.v.1964, F. Miller [ 1♂, EUB autolycus, OSEC ]; same data, except 2.v.1966, P. Semtner [ 2♂♂ 1♀, EUB autolycus, OSEC ]; same data, except 26.vi.1969, J. Pickle [ 1♀, EUB autolycus, OSEC ]; same data, except 30.vi.1971 [ 1♀, EUB autolycus, OSEC ]; Pittsburg Co. , Crowder (lakeside park), 35°06′08′N, 95°41′30′W, 2.v.2004, E. G. Riley [ 3♂♂ 8♀♀, autolycus, TAMU ]; Pottawatomie Co. , 10 mi S Maud, 28.v.1966, P. Semtner [ 1♂, EUB autolycus, OSEC ]; Earlsboro, 26.vi.1978, D. C. Arnold [ 1♀ (Y), OSEC]; Rattan, 22.v.1980, D. C. Arnold [ 1♀ (Y), OSEC]; Stephens Co. , Clear Creek Lake , 2.v.1998, S. M. Clark & S. A. Wells [ 2♂♂ 2♀♀, RJB autolycus, BYUC ]; Woods Co. , 7 mi E Waymoka, 22.vi.1972, D. C. Arnold [ 1♀, OSEC]; 14 mi N 9 mi W Alva, B. & J. Smith [ 5♂♂, autolycus, TAMU ]; PENNSYLVANIA: Dauphin Co. , Linglestown, 21.vi, Kaeber [ 2♂♂, USNM]; Monroe Co. , Water Gap, C. Palm [ 1♀, AMNH]; Montgomery Co. , Miquon, 29.v.1960, G. B. Sleesman [ 1♂ 1♀, EUB carbonarius, NDSIRC ]. SOUTH CAROLINA: Beaufort Co. , Beaufort, 28.iv [ 1♀, CUAC]; Beaufort & Hampton Co. , Yemassee, 14.vi.1954, R. L. Fischer [ 1♀, MSUC]; Charleston Co. , Meggett, 26.v.1934, O. L. Cartwright [ 1♂, CUAC]; Chester Co. , Fort Lawn , 13.vi.1954, R. L. Fischer [ 1♀, MSUC]; Chesterfield Co. , Cheraw, 28.v.1961, V. M. Kirk [ 1♂, EUB, NDSIRC]; Sand Hills State Forest , 26.v.2006, S. M. Clark & E. G. Riley [ 6♂♂ 3♀♀, BYUC]; Florence Co. , Florence, 23.iv.1935, J. E. Webb, Jr. [ 1♀, CUAC]; Georgetown Co. , Georgetown, 18.v.1932, O. L. Cartwright [ 1♀, CUAC]; Pickens Co. , Clemson College, 10.v.1932, J. G. Watts [ 1♂ 1♀, CUAC]; same data, except 3.v.1935 [ 1♂, CUAC]; Rocky Bottom, 22.v.1934, J. A. Berly [ 1♂ 1♀, CUAC]; Williamsburg Co. , Kingstree, 25.v.1937, J. G. Watts [ 2♀♀, CUAC]; Unknown Co. , Meredith, 14.v.1927, O. L. Cartwright [ 1♂, CUAC]; same data, except 4.v.1928 [ 1♀, CUAC]. SOUTH DAKOTA: Bennett Co. , Martin, 27.vi.1937, H. C. Severin [ 1♂, EUB nigricornis, SDSU ]; Brown Co. , Hecla, 20.vi.1940, H. C. Severin [ 1♀, EUB nigricornis, SDSU ]; Buffalo Co. , Ft . Thompson, 21.vi.1944, H. C. Severin [ 1♀, SDSU]; same data, except 27.vi.1946, J. A. Lofgren [ 1♂ (Y), EUB nigricornis, SDSU ]; Butte Co. , Newell, 27.vi.1952, H. C. Severin [ 1♀, EUB difficilis, SDSU ]; Codington Co. , Medicine Lake near Florence, 2.vi.1939, H. C. Severin [ 1♂, EUB nigricornis, SDSU ]; Pot hole near Florence, 2. vi.1939, H. C. Severin [ 1♂, EUB nigricornis, SDSU ]; Custer Co. , Custer, 3.vii.1932, F. R. Bingham [ 1♀, EUB nigricornis, SDSU ]; Dewey Co. , Lantry, 28.vi.1947, H. C. Severin [ 1♀, EUB nigricornis, SDSU ]; Hand Co. , Vayland, 7.vi.1949, H. C. Severin [ 1♀, EUB nigricornis, SDSU ]; Harding Co. , Buffalo, 26.viii.1924, G. I. Gilbertson [ 1♂, EUB difficilis, SDSU ]; same data, except 28.vi.1947, H. C. Severin [ 1♂, EUB difficilis, NDSIRC ; 3♀♀ (Y), EUB nigricornis, SDSU ]; Slim Buttes near Reva, 5.viii.1953, H. C. Severin [ 2♀♀ (Y), EUB nigricornis, SDSU ]; Hyde Co. , Highmore, 14.vi.1948, H. C. Severin [ 1♂, EUB nigricornis, SDSU ]; Jones Co. , Capa, 1.vi.1921, H. C. Severin [ 1♀, INHS; 1♂ (Y) 1♀ (Y), EUB nigricornis, SDSU ]; Murdo, 43°53.1′N 100°42.4′W, 2320 ft., 3.vi.2012, S. M. Clark [ 1♂, BYUC]; Lawrence Co. , Hanna, Black Hills, 5.viii.1969, E. U. Balsbaugh, Jr. [ 1♀, EUB nigricornis, NDSIRC ]; Lead, 13.vi.1968, V. M. Kirk [ 1♂ 1♀ (Y), EUB nigricornis, NDSIRC ]; Meade Co. , Sturgis, 22.vi.1954, H. C. Severin [ 1♂, EUB nigricornis, NDSIRC ; 5♂♂ ( 1♂ Y) 16♀♀ ( 12♀♀ Y), EUB nigricornis, SDSU ]; Mellette Co. , White River , 21.vi.1931, H. C. Severin [ 1♀, EUB nigricornis, SDSU ]; Mercer Co. , Lakeview, 20.vi.1930, G. I. Gilbertson [ 1♀, EUB nigricornis, SDSU ]; Pennington Co. , Rapid City, 15.vi.1965, V. M. Kirk [ 1♂ (Y), EUB nigricornis, NDSIRC ]; Ziebach Co. , Dupree, 25.vi.1947, H. C. Severin [ 1♀, EUB nigricornis, SDSU ]; Unknown Co. , Black Hills, 11.vii.1901, J. L. Webb [ 1♀, MCZ-FALL]; Fox Ridge, 28.vi.1947 [ 1♂, EUB nigricornis, SDSU ]. TENNESSEE: Coffee Co. , Arnold Engineering Development Center, 3.viii.1998, R. B. [ 1♀, UTKC]; Manchester, 21.vi.1941, W. S. Craig [ 1♀, UMRM]; Decatur Co. , Carroll Cabin Barren Natural Area , 35.4667°N, 87.0538°W, 8.vi.2014, S. M. Clark & E. G. Riley [ 1♀, BYUC]; Henderson Co. , Natchez Trace St. Forest , 8.vi.1971, D. K. Young [ 1♀, MSUC]; Montgomery Co. , Fort Campbell , 18.v.2009, R. J. Barney [ 6♂♂ 7♀♀ ( 1♀ Y), carbonarius, RJBC ]; same data, except 36.588724°N, − 87.553291°W, 2.vi.2009 [ 4♂♂ 8♀♀, carbonarius, RJBC ]; Rutherford Co. , Flat Rock Cedar Glades State Natural Area, 35°51′31′N 86°17′44′W, 2.vi.2010, J. G. Hill [ 4♂♂ 1♀, MEM]; same data, except 35.8585°N, − 86.2956°W, 4.vi.2014, R. J. Barney & S. M. Clark [ 2♂♂ 5♀♀, carbonarius, RJBC ; 1♂ 1♀, BYUC]; Murfreesboro, 18.vi.2000, J. F. Cavey [ 1♀, JFCC]; Shelby Co. , 23.v.1948, B. Summerville [ 1♂, MSUC]; same data, except 10.v.1948 [ 2♀♀, MSUC]; Stewart Co. , Fort Campbell , 36.636903°N, − 87.648067°W, 5.vi.2008, R. J. Barney [ 7♂♂ 6♀♀ ( 1♀ Y), carbonarius, RJBC ]; same data, except 2.vi.2009 [ 3♂♂ 3♀♀, RJBC]; Wilson Co. , Cedars of Lebanon State Park , 36.0767°N, − 86.3957°W, 4.vi.2014, R. J. Barney [ 4♂♂ 2♀♀, carbonarius, RJBC ]; Vesta Cedar Glade State Natural Area , 36.0927°N, 86.3499°W, 3.vi.2014, R. J. Barney [ 1♂ 1♀, RJBC]. TEXAS: Archer Co. , Highway 281, 3 mi N Scotland, 33°42.8′N 98 o 28.7′W, 2.v.2002, S. M. Clark [ 4♂♂ 7♀♀, RJB autolycus, BYUC ]; Armstrong Co. , 4 mi N Prairie Dog Town, Fork of Red River , Hwy. 207, 30.iv.2002, S. M. Clark & D. J. Cavan [ 1♂, BYUC]; Brazos Co. , 23.iv.1956, H. R. Burke [ 2♀♀, autolycus, TAMU ]; College Station , 17-27.iv.1932, H. J. Reinhard [ 25♂♂ 19♀♀, autolycus + 4♂♂ 2♀♀, EUB difficilis, TAMU ]; same data, except 14.iv.1962, S. G. Wellso [ 1♀, autolycus, TAMU ]; same data, except 24.iv.1976, J. A. Jackman [ 1♂, INHS]; Fannin Co. , Fannin Lake , 33°46′47′N, 96°09′34′W, 3.v.2004, E. G. Riley [ 15♂♂ 6♀♀, EGR autolycus, TAMU ]; Fayette Co. , 3.v.1931, R. K. Fletcher [ 2♂♂ 1♀, EUB difficilis, TAMU ]; Gray Co. , 6.5 mi W Mobeetie, 35°31′02′N, 100°33′37′W, 29.v-2.vi.2004, E. G. Riley [ 14♂♂ 23♀♀, EGR autolycus, TAMU ]; Jack Co. , near Antelope, 33°23.6′N 98 o 21.9′W, 2.v.2002, S. M. Clark & D. J. Cavan [ 5♂♂ 1♀, RJB autolycus, BYUC ]; Jeff Davis Co. , 5 mi NW Ft. Davis, 5000′, 5.vii.1968, J. E. Hafernik [ 1♂, autolycus, TAMU ]; Lamar Co. , Gibbons Lake , 33.7002°N, 95.6506°W, 31.v.2007, R. J. Barney [ 1♂, RJBC]; Pat Mayse State WMA, 33.8101°N, 95.6825°W, 31.v.2007, R. J. Barney [ 1♂ (Y) 1♀ (Y), RJB carbonarius, RJBC ]; Moore Co. , 1 mi E Jct. Hwy. 87/287 on FM, 35°41′25′N, 101°56′36′W, 17.v.2002, E. G. Riley [ 33♂♂ 41♀♀, EGR autolycus, TAMU ]; Stonewall Co. , Jct . Hwy. 280 & Salt Fork of Brazos River , 33°10′01′N, 100°37′59′W, 11.v.2002, E. G. Riley [ 1♂, EGR autolycus, TAMU ]; Wichita Co. , Burkburnett, Red River , 26.vi.1948, C. & P. Vaurie [ 1♀, AMNH]. UTAH: Cache Co. , 9.vi.1959, G. F. Knowlton [ 1♀, difficilis, BYUC ]; Lewiston, 26.vi.1950, J. V. Bruce [ 1♀, EUB difficilis, MSUC ]; Salt Lake Co. , Bingham Canyon, 16.vi.1938, D. E. Hardy & G. S. Stains [ 1♀, EUB difficilis, BYUC ]; Utah Co. , Uinta National Forest , Blackhawk Campground, 26.vi.1990, S. M. Clark [ 1♀, difficilis, BYUC ]; Wasatch Co. , vi.1927 [ 3♂♂ 6♀♀, HCF wahsatchensis PARATYPES, “much like lustrans N. B. III p92”, MCZ-FALL]; Weber Co. , 12.vi.1937, G. F. Knowlton [ 1♂, EUB difficilis, BYUC ]; Unknown Co. , Ut, [1?, litigiosus, MCZ-HORN ]. VIRGINIA: Alexandria Co. , Alexandria, 1917 [ 2♂♂ 3♀♀, AMNH]; Arlington Co. , Glencarlyn, 21.vi.1913, Shoemaker [ 1♀, USNM]; Fairfax Co. , Clifton, 23.vi.1933, J. C. Bridwell [ 1♂, USNM]; Mt. Vernon , 24.v.1914, A. Wetmore [ 1♀, USNM]. WASHINGTON: Whitman Co. , Pullman, 23.vi.1947, Esselbaugh [ 1♀, EUB difficilis, FMNH ]; same data, except 25.v.1949, N. M. Downie [ 1♂, EUB difficilis, FMNH ]. WEST VIRGINIA: Mason Co. , McClintic Wildlife Management, 5.vi.1996, S. M. Clark [ 1♀, BYUC]; same data, except 2.vi.1998 [ 2♀♀, BYUC]; same data, except 8.vi.2000, S. M. Clark [ 3♂♂, RJB carbonarius, BYUC ]. WYOMING: Campbell Co. , 7 mi N Gillette, Hwy. 14/16, 22.vi.2009, J. Huether & R. Turnbow [ 1♀, BYUC]; Sheridan Co. , Sheridan LTA, N44°50.011′, W107°01.463, 24-25.vi.2010, B. Kondratieff & B. Heinold [ 1♂, BYUC]; Weston Co. , 4 mi W Newcastle, 10.vi.1963, D. R. Smith [ 1♀, NCSU] GoogleMaps .