Forcipomyia (Metaforcipomyia) rivalis, Spinelli, Gustavo R., Marino, Pablo I. & Borkent, Art, 2012

Key to the Adult Forcipomyia ( Metaforcipomyia) View in CoL View at ENA of Costa Rica

Adults of the subgenus Forcipomyia ( Metaforcipomyia) may be distinguished from those of other New World Forcipomyia by the absence of a row of slender spicules that comprise the comb at the apex of the hind tibia. In addition, the males of all species have antennal flagellomeres 5–8 fused, a condition not present in any other subgenus of Forcipomyia .

Females of the following species are unknown: F. ( M.) rivalis n. sp., F. ( M.) truncata n. sp., F. ( M.) atenasensis n. sp., F. ( M.) osaensis n. sp., F. ( M.) grandiseta n. sp., F. ( M.) longiflagellata n. sp., F. ( M.) macroseta n. sp., F. ( M.) germinata n. sp., and F. ( M.) ronderosae n. sp.

1. Male............................................................................................... 2

- Female............................................................................................ 17

2. Parameres present ( Figs. 50 View FIGURES 46 – 51 , 55 View FIGURES 52 – 56 , 60 View FIGURES 57 – 61 , 65 View FIGURES 62 – 71 , 75 View FIGURES 72 – 81 , 85 View FIGURES 82 – 91 , 95 View FIGURES 92 – 96 , 100 View FIGURES 97 – 106 , 110 View FIGURES 107 – 111 ); hind tarsal ratio 1.75–2.50............................. 3

- Parameres absent ( Figs. 6 View FIGURES 1 – 10 , 15 View FIGURES 11 – 17 , 22 View FIGURES 18 – 23 , 29 View FIGURES 24 – 33 , 38 View FIGURES 34 – 39 , 44 View FIGURES 40 – 45 ); hind tarsal ratio 0.75–1.25........................................ 12

3. Foretarsomere 2 with 2–4 thick, basally reinforced setae, similar to those forming a row on tarsomere 1 ( Fig. 48 View FIGURES 46 – 51 )......... 4

- Foretarsomere 2 without thick, basally reinforced setae....................................................... 6

4. Flagellomere 10 proportionally short (1.10–1.35 X longer than flagellomere 11) ( Fig. 46 View FIGURES 46 – 51 )................ grandiseta View in CoL n sp.

- Flagellomere 10 proportionally elongate (2.07–2.80 X longer than flagellomere 11)................................. 5

5. Flagellomere 10 2.60–2.80 X longer than flagellomere 11 ( Fig. 52 View FIGURES 52 – 56 ); wing without pattern; aedeagus quadrate, truncate apically ( Fig. 56 View FIGURES 52 – 56 )............................................................................ longiflagellata View in CoL n. sp.

- Flagellomere 10 2.07 X longer than flagellomere 11 ( Fig. 57 View FIGURES 57 – 61 ); wing patterned ( Fig. 113 View FIGURES 112 – 115 ); aedeagus tapering apically to rounded apex ( Fig. 61 View FIGURES 57 – 61 )............................................................................ macroseta View in CoL n. sp.

6. Wing patterned, with a dark patch on anterior margin of wing distal to apex of the radial cells and the apices of at least each of M2, CuA1 and CuA2 ( Figs. 114–119 View FIGURES 112 – 115 View FIGURES 116 – 119 )...................................................................... 7

- Wing without pattern of spots on apices of veins, with at most a dark patch on anterior margin of wing, distal to apex of radial cells ( Figs. 5 View FIGURES 1 – 10 , 14 View FIGURES 11 – 17 , 21 View FIGURES 18 – 23 , 43 View FIGURES 40 – 45 ).............................................................................. 12

7. Tarsomere 1 of hind leg brown, contrasting with pale tarsomeres 2–5............................................ 8

- Tarsomeres of hind leg either unicolourous or with pattern of contrasting pigmentation.............................. 9

8. Flagellomeres 3–9 pale (plume arising from these is pale) ( Fig. 82 View FIGURES 82 – 91 ); aedeagus slender, with apical lobes short, separated by broad rounded gap ( Fig. 86 View FIGURES 82 – 91 )................................................................ albipluma View in CoL n. sp.

- Flagellomeres 3–9 light to dark brown (plume arising from these is brown) ( Fig. 72 View FIGURES 72 – 81 ); aedeagus stout, with apical lobes well developed, more elongate, separated by narrow gap ( Fig. 76 View FIGURES 72 – 81 )......................................... rursa View in CoL n. sp.

9. Tarsomeres of hind leg without contrasting pigmentation between any two tarsomeres, although the tarsomeres 1– 5 may be progressively lighter................................................................... pseudocerifera View in CoL n. sp.

- Tarsomere 1–2 of hind leg brown, contrasting with pale tarsomeres 3–5......................................... 10

10. Apex of aedeagus with short apicomedial prong ( Fig. 96 View FIGURES 92 – 96 )........................................ germinata View in CoL n. sp.

- Apex of aedeagus without apicomedial prong ( Figs. 101 View FIGURES 97 – 106 , 111 View FIGURES 107 – 111 )................................................. 11

11. Aedeagus triangular, tapering distally ( Fig. 101 View FIGURES 97 – 106 )................................................... heroni View in CoL n. sp.

- Aedeagus shield-shaped with lateral subapical, heavily sclerotized projections directed laterally, apex concave ( Fig. 111 View FIGURES 107 – 111 )........................................................................................... ronderosae View in CoL n. sp.

12. Aedeagus without elongate, posteriorly directed prong............................................. osaensis View in CoL n. sp.

- Aedeagus with elongate, slender posteriorly directed prong................................................... 13

13. Labrum truncate apically, with transverse row of elongate spicules ( Fig. 3 View FIGURES 1 – 10 ); scutum pale, contrasting with dark scutellum, or, with dark pigmentation, equal to that of scutellum.......................................................... 14

- Labrum tapering apically, without transverse row of elongate spicules ( Fig. 26 View FIGURES 24 – 33 ); scutum pale, contrasting with dark scutellum................................................................................................... 16

14. Hind femur with at least basal 0.3 darkly pigmented, apical portion pale ( Fig. 4 View FIGURES 1 – 10 ); pigmentation of scutum variable: pale, with patch of darker pigmentation anteriorly, more extensively partially pigmented or entirely darkly pigmented..................................................................................................... pluvialis Malloch View in CoL

- Hind femur uniformly pale or uniformly dark ( Figs. 13 View FIGURES 11 – 17 , 20 View FIGURES 18 – 23 ); scutum entirely pale or with uniformly dark pigmentation.... 15

15. Hind femur uniformly pale ( Fig. 13 View FIGURES 11 – 17 ); scutum pale, contrasting with dark scutellum; basal arch of aedeagus heavily sclerotized, extending 1/20 of total length.................................................................. rivalis View in CoL n. sp.

- Hind femur uniformly dark ( Fig. 20 View FIGURES 18 – 23 ); scutum and scutellum with uniformly dark pigmentation; basal arch of aedeagus poorly sclerotized, extending to 1/10 of total length..................................................... truncata View in CoL n. sp.

16. Hind femur with broad basal dark band, and all tibiae with subbasal and apical dark bands ( Fig. 27 View FIGURES 24 – 33 ).......... anniae View in CoL n. sp.

- Hind femur basally brown and at least ¼ apical pale, and all tibiae with base broadly paler than apical portion ( Fig. 36 View FIGURES 34 – 39 )........................................................................................... atenasensis View in CoL n. sp.

17. Hind tibia entirely dark brown.......................................................................... 18

- Hind tibia mostly pale, apex dark........................................................................ 21

18. Cercus pale or very light brown, contrasting with dark segments 8–9.................................. heroni View in CoL n. sp.

- Cercus brown, similar to dark segments 8–9............................................................... 19

19. Largest spermatheca more or less spherical ( Fig. 91 View FIGURES 82 – 91 ); flagellomeres 3–8 paler than others ( Fig. 87 View FIGURES 82 – 91 )....... albipluma View in CoL n. sp.

- Largest spermatheca elongate ( Figs. 71 View FIGURES 62 – 71 , 81 View FIGURES 72 – 81 ); flagellomeres uniformly brown ( Figs. 67 View FIGURES 62 – 71 , 77 View FIGURES 72 – 81 ).......................... 20

20. Spermathecae slightly unequal in size ( Fig. 71 View FIGURES 62 – 71 ); proximal flagellomeres flasked-shaped ( Fig. 67 View FIGURES 62 – 71 )..... pseudocerifera View in CoL n. sp.

- Spermathecae unequal in size ( Fig. 81 View FIGURES 72 – 81 ); proximal flagellomeres bottle-shaped ( Fig. 77 View FIGURES 72 – 81 ).................... rursa View in CoL n. sp.

21. Each tibia with subbasal and apical band of dark pigmentation....................................... anniae View in CoL n. sp.

- Each tibia with, at most, dark pigmentation at apex............................................ pluvialis Malloch View in CoL