Rhyssemus inscitus ( Walker, 1858 )

Rhyssemus inscitus ( Walker, 1858) View in CoL ( Fig. 2 View Fig )

ḝṣạỄAE래ǭ뎅ḏ (ṉÿ)

Psammodius inscitus Walker, 1858: 207 View in CoL . Type locality. Ceylon.

Rhyssemus tarsalis Waterhouse, 1876: 115 View in CoL .

Rhyssemus malasiacus Lansberge, 1886: 133 View in CoL . Rhyssemus insignicollis Lea, 1923: 12 View in CoL .

Rhyssemus australis Petrovitz, 1963: 40 View in CoL .

Rhyssemus papuanus Petrovitz, 1965: 169 View in CoL .

Rhyssemus mussardi Petrovitz, 1975: 618 View in CoL .

Rhyssemus philippineus Masumoto, 1980: 21 View in CoL .

Diagnosis. Body size. ♂ (n = 1): BL, 2.95; HL, 0.35; HW, 0.75; PL, 0.78; PW, 1.15; EL, 1.74; EW, 1.3. ♀ (n = 1): BL, 3.02; HL, 0.28; HW, 0.76; PL, 0.81; PW, 1.17; EL, 1.89; EW, 1.22. Habitus. body subparallel, slightly dilated behind the middle of elytra, dark brown. Head. convex, granulate; clypeus obtusely dentate on each side of anterior emargination; genae obtusely rounded, protruding more than eyes with few fine setae; head granules moderately coarse, fairly uniform in size and distribution, a pair of vestigial oblique ridges presented posteriorly. Pronotum. convex, nearly 1.4 times as wide as long; six transversal ridges moderately convex, the 1 st ridge distinct, the 2 nd to 4 th ones joining together to form lateral callus with shallow granules; furrows shallowly impressed, minutely granulate or wrinkled, posterior longitudinal furrow interrupt 4 th to 5 th ridges; lateral-posterior margins of pronotum crenate, with slightly dilated but apically blunt thick setae. Elytra. convex, subparallel, slightly dilated behind the middle; humeral tooth distinct; stria narrow, shallowly impressed with longitudinal punctures; interstria wide, with two rows of indistinct pearl-like granules, randomly fused between two neighboring granules. Pygidium. two apical pygidial setae present. Legs. metafemora widest at middle, margined posteriorly, setigerous punctate anteriorly and near apically on ventral surface; metatibial upper spur as long as basal metatarsus; basal metatarsus slightly shorter than 2 - 4 th joints together. Aedeagus as in Fig. 2 View Fig .

Specimens examined. 1♂ (CSL-21-0386): South Korea, Chungcheongnam-do, Taean-gun, Wonbuk-myeon, Guryepo Campsite , 19.VIII.2021, legs. C. Lim and W.G. Kim [ NIBR] ; 1♂ (CSL-21-0264): South Korea, Chungcheongnam-do, Taean-gun, Wonbuk-myeon, Guryepo Campsite , 19.VIII.2021, legs. C. Lim and W.G. Lee [ KUEM] ; 1♀: South Korea, Jeju Island, Jeju-si, Jocheoneup , Hamdeok Beach , 3.VIII.2021, leg. C. Lim [ KUEM]. Other specimens examined . 1♂ 2♀ (CSL-21-0317, 0318): Thailand, Udon Thani Province, Nong Saeng District , Than Ngam Waterfall, 13. VI .2018. leg. C.J. Uy [KU]; 1♀ (CSL-21-0315): Cambodia, Kampong Spueu Province, Dechou Akphivoadth, 3.VIII.2012, leg. Y.J. Bae [ KU]. 1ex: Australia, Katherine , 6 - 10.II.1968. leg. E. Matthews [ USNM] .

Distribution. South Korea (new country record), Australia, Egypt, India, Indonesia, Nepal, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, The Philippines, Taiwan, Oriental Region, Afrotropical Region.

Habitat. All Korean specimens were collected from sand or loamy sand soils near the roots of herbaceous plants (5 - 15 cm in depth) within the costal sand dunes. Trichorhyssemus asperlus, Psammodius hangangensis , and Leiopsammodius japonicus were collected together with R. inscitus .

DNA barcode. Partial COI sequences of two specimens from South Korea and three specimens from the Oriental regions were obtained (accession numbers: PP431264 - PP431268). The estimates of genetic divergence (p -distance) between the Korean and Oriental group was 1.5% (standard error = 0.4). The estimate of genetic divergence between R. inscitus and R. germanus , the only available Rhyssemus species in GenBank and BOLD Systems (accession numbers: KM443814, KM448164, KM448190, KM450328, KM450806, HQ954340, and HQ954341), was 11.2% (standard error = 1.2).