Lobrathium species

Key to the named Lobrathium species of Taiwan

The key does not not account for L. taiwanense ( Taichung Hsien ), since the type material was not examined. For illustrations of the male sexual characters see WATANABE (1998) .

1. Elytra with more or less distinct reddish-yellow to reddish spot near posterior margin (sometimes weakly pronounced in L. sibynium View in CoL ). ..........................................................B

- Elytra without spot near posterior margin. ...................................................................G

2. Elytra conspicuously short, at most 0.7 times as long as pronotum ( Fig. 135 View Figs 134-144 ). ♂: sternite VIII with median impression with approximately 15-20 peg-setae anteriorly and without pubescence posteriorly, on either side of impression with numerous long dark setae, posterior excision large, deep, and U-shaped ( Fig. 139 View Figs 134-144 ); aedeagus approximately 1.1 mm long, ventral process of distinctive shape, slender, apically curved, and with subapical tooth in ventral view ( Figs 140-141 View Figs 134-144 ). ♀: tergite IX strongly emarginate anteriorly ( Fig. 144 View Figs 134-144 ). Ilan and Hualien Hsien (NE- and E-Taiwan). ................................................. L. pedes View in CoL sp. n .

- Elytra longer, at least 0.8 times as long as elytra. Sexual characters different. ................C

3. Slender species with long appendages. Antennae slender ( Fig.A 09), approximately 2.5 mm long. Pronotum approximately 1.35 times as long as broad ( Fig. 108 View Figs 107-117 ). ♂: median impression of sternite VIII with two oblong clusters of numerous peg-setae, posterior excision broadly U-shaped ( Fig. 111 View Figs 107-117 ); segments IX-X remarkably long and slender ( Fig. 112 View Figs 107-117 ); aedeagus 1.95 mm long, conspicuously long and slender ( Figs 113-114 View Figs 107-117 ). ♀: segments IX-X conspicuously long and slender ( Fig. 117 View Figs 107-117 ). Taichung Hsien : Anmashan. ......................... ........................................................................................................... L. extensum View in CoL sp. n .

- Habitus less slender. Antennae at most approximately 2.0 mm long. Pronotum in most species less oblong. Sexual characters different. .............................................................D

4. ♂: sternite VIII on either side of median impression with conspicuous tuft of long black setae ( Figs 121 View Figs 118-123 , 128 View Figs 124-133 ). ................................................................................................... E

- ♂: sternite VIII without such tufts of long black setae. ................................................. 6

5. Small species, body length 4.8-6.0 mm. Coloration: body blackish-brown to black, elytra without bluish hue. ♂: median impression of tergite VIII large, without pubescence (except posterior portion) or peg-setae, posterior excision large, deep, and broadly V-shaped ( Fig. 121 View Figs 118-123 ); aedeagus small, approximately 0.9 mm long, ventral process of very distinctive morphology, slender and furcate apically (lateral view) ( Figs 122-123 View Figs 118-123 ). ♀: anterior margin of tergite IX emarginate in the middle. Ilan Hsien (NE-Taiwan). .................................... .................................................................................................. L. bipeniculatum View in CoL sp. n.

- Larger species, body length 5.5-7.0 mm. Coloration darker: body blackish, elytra sometimes with weak bluish hue. ♂: median impression of sternite VIII with a cluster of numerous peg-setae, posterior excision large, deep, and U-shaped ( Fig. 128 View Figs 124-133 ); aedeagus approximately 1.1 mm long, with very broad and apically bifid ventral process in ventral view ( Figs 129- 130 View Figs 124-133 ). ♀: anterior margin of tergite IX not emarginate in the middle ( Fig. 133 View Figs 124-133 ). Nantou Hsien (central Taiwan). ................................................................ L. penicillatum View in CoL sp. n.

6. Elytra of very variable length, 0.8-1.0 times as long as pronotum. ♂: aedeagus approximately 1.3 mm long, ventral process separated into two long and slender lobes (ventral view), in lateral view with distinct tooth approximately in the middle ( Figs 102-104 View Figs 97-106 ); median impression of sternite VIII narrow and with 25-40 peg-setae, posterior excision moderately large and U-shaped ( Fig. 101 View Figs 97-106 ). Widespread in Taiwan. .................... L. bilobatum View in CoL sp. n .

- Elytra approximately as long as pronotum. ♂: aedeagus approximately 1.1 mm long; ventral process undivided and apically acute in ventral view, without tooth in lateral view ( Figs 93-94 View Figs 86-96 ); median impression of sternite VIII broad and with much more numerous peg-setae, posterior excision smaller ( Fig. 92 View Figs 86-96 ). China: Sichuan; Taiwan: Chiai , Taichung, Hualien Hsien. ............................................................................... L. sibynium ZHENG View in CoL

7. Elytra long, approximately as long as pronotum; hind wings fully developed ( Fig. 86 View Figs 86-96 ). Body smaller, barely 6.0 mm long. Coloration of body black. Head slender, not unusually large. Pronotum slender, approximately 1.35 times as long as broad ( Fig. 86 View Figs 86-96 ). ♂: sternite VII with posterior margin broadly and rather deeply concave in the middle, in posterior median area with impression, on either side of this impression with approximately seven peg-setae ( Fig. 87 View Figs 86-96 ); sternite VIII oblong, along the middle with oblong impression, this impression with numerous peg-setae, posterior excision concave, its depth approximately 1/10 the length of sternite ( Fig. 88 View Figs 86-96 ); aedeagus with ventral process not bilobed ( Figs 89- 90 View Figs 86-96 ). Known only from the Alishan (Chiai Hsien), but probably more widespread. ......... ........................................................................................................ L. nigripennenigripenne sp. n.

- Elytra much shorter, at most approximately 0.8 times as long as pronotum; hind wings of reduced length or completely reduced. Body larger, 6.0-11.0 mm long. Coloration usually dark-brown to blackish-brown. Head large. Pronotum compact, approximately 1.2 times as long as broad. ♂: sternite VII without peg-setae (e.g., Figs 110 View Figs 107-117 , 120 View Figs 118-123 ); sternite VIII of different shape and chaetotaxy; aedeagus usually with distinctly bilobed ventral process (secondarily fused in L. coalitum View in CoL ). ................................................................................ H

8. Elytra with fine submarginal line of variable length (lateral view). ................................ I

- Elytra without submarginal line. ................................................................................ 15

9. Elytra with moderately marked humeral angles, at least 0.7 times as long as pronotum, and usually approximately as broad as abdomen, at most only slightly narrower (e.g., Figs 164- 165 View Figs 164-171 , 172-173 View Figs 172-177 ). ♂: sternite VIII without peg-setae. ♀: posterior margin of tergite VIII in most species acutely produced in the middle (e.g., Fig. 170 View Figs 164-171 ) (exception: L. smetanai View in CoL ). .... ................................................................................................................................... 10

- Elytra with almost obsolete humeral angles, at most 0.7 times as long as pronotum, and distinctly narrower than abomen ( Figs 179-180 View Figs 178-186 , 187-188 View Figs 187-192 , 195-196 View Figs 193-202 ). ♂: sternite VIII with peg-setae in median impression. ♀: posterior margin of tergite VIII not acutely produced in the middle. ............................................................................................................ 13

10. ♂: sternites V-VI without impressions; aedeagus as in Figs 175-176 View Figs 172-177 . ♀: posterior margin of tergite VIII weakly angled in the middle ( Fig. 177 View Figs 172-177 ); lateral sclerites of tergite IX anteriorly broadly separated; tergite X anteriorly very broad and reaching anterior margin of tergite IX, more convex in cross section. Kaohsiung Hsien : Peinantashan. ............ L. smetanai View in CoL sp. n .

- ♂: sternites V-VI often with shallow impressions; aedeagus of different morphology. ♀: posterior margin of tergite VIII acutely produced in the middle ( Figs 152 View Figs 145-153 , 161 View Figs 154-163 , 170 View Figs 164-171 ). .... ................................................................................................................................... 11

11. Body on average larger, 9.5-11.0 mm. Eyes relatively smaller ( Fig.A65 View Figs 58-66 ). Punctation of elytra arranged in irregular series ( Fig. 165 View Figs 164-171 ). ♂: aedeagus as in Figs 168-169 View Figs 164-171 . Nantou Hsien. ... ................................................................................................. L. duplehamatum View in CoL sp. n .

- Body length 8.0-10.0 mm. Eyes larger ( Figs 146 View Figs 145-153 , 156 View Figs 154-163 ). Punctation of elytra not arranged in series (e.g., Fig. 146 View Figs 145-153 ). ............................................................................................. 12

12. ♂: posterior margin of tergite VIII angled in the middle ( Fig. 154 View Figs 154-163 ); aedeagus with shorter and stouter apical lobes (FigsA50-151). ♀: posterior projection of tergite VIII more slender, abruptly narrowed towards apex ( Fig. 152 View Figs 145-153 ); sternite VIII posteriorly distinctly produced ( Fig. 153 View Figs 145-153 ). Kaohsiung Hsien : Peinantashan. ....................................... L. stimulansstimulans sp.n .

- ♂: posterior margin of tergite VIII convex; aedeagus with longer and more slender apical lobes ( Figs 159-160 View Figs 154-163 ). ♀: posterior projection of tergite VIII broader, less abruptly narrowed ( Fig. 161 View Figs 154-163 ); posterior margin of sternite VIII less distinctly produced in the middle ( Fig. 162 View Figs 154-163 ). Kaohsiung Hsien : Kuanshan. ............................................ L. sororium View in CoL sp. n .

13. Head and pronotum with coarser and less dense punctation ( Fig. 196 View Figs 193-202 ). Elytra narrower, more coarsely punctate, and more glossy ( Fig. 196 View Figs 193-202 ). Abdomen slender, only slightly (approximately 1.05 x) broader than elytra ( Fig. 195 View Figs 193-202 ). ♂: posterior margin of tergite VIII in the middle with small, but compicuous narrow and acute process ( Fig. 198 View Figs 193-202 ); sternite VIII with long and moderately narrow median impression, this impression with two long clusters of numerous peg-setae, posterior excision not very deep and broadly V-shaped ( Fig. 199 View Figs 193-202 ); aedeagus of highly characteristic morphology ( Figs 200-202 View Figs 193-202 ). ♀: unknown. N-Taiwan: Ilan and Taoyuan Hsien.. ............................................................. L. bisagittatum View in CoL sp. n .

- Head and pronotum with much less coarse and denser punctation. Elytra broader, less coarsely punctate, and less glossy. Abdomen distinctly (approximately 1.15 x) broader than elytra. ♂: posterior margin of tergite VIII without acute process in the middle; sternite VIII of different shape and chaetotaxy; aedeagus of different morphology. ......................... 14

14. ♂: sternite VIII with distinctly more than 40 peg-setae, posterior excision deep and almost V-shaped ( Fig. 182 View Figs 178-186 ); aedeagus as in Figs 183-184 View Figs 178-186 . ♀: sternite VIII as in Fig. 186 View Figs 178-186 . Pingtung Hsien: Peitawushan. ....................................................................... L. furcillatum View in CoL sp. n .

- ♀: sternite VIII with approximately 40 peg-setae; posterior excision moderately deep and U-shaped ( Fig. 189 View Figs 187-192 ); aedeagus with longer and more slender apical lobes ( Figs 190-191 View Figs 187-192 ). ♀: sternite VIII as in Fig. 193 View Figs 193-202 . Kaohsiung Hsien : Peinantashan. ..................................... .................................................................................................. L. cornutissimum View in CoL sp. n .

15. ♂: sternite VIII without peg-setae. ............................................................................. 16

- ♂: sternite VIII with peg-setae. .................................................................................. 17

16. ♂: aedeagus with slender, acute and subapically hooked apical lobes ( Figs 231-232 View Figs 228-233 ). ♀: posterior margin of tergite VIII strongly and convexly produced in the middle ( Fig. 233 View Figs 228-233 ). Kaohsiung Hsien : Kuanshan. ........................................................... L. kuanicum View in CoL sp. n .

- ♂: aedeagus of completely different morphology, much broader in ventral view, apical lobes apically truncate and hooked ( Figs 223-224 View Figs 219-227 ). ♀: posterior margin of tergite VIII obtusely angled posteriorly ( Figs 225 View Figs 219-227 ). Taichung Hsien : Hsuehshan.. ............. L. spoliatum View in CoL sp. n .

17. ♂: sternite VIII posteriorly broadly impressed, this impression with subcircular to hexagonal cluster of peg-setae, posterior excision broadly concave ( Fig.B37 View Figs 32-40 ); aedeagus of characteristic morphology, apical lobes fused apically (FigsB38-240). ♀: posterior margin of tergite moderately convexly produced ( Fig.B41 View Figs 41-48 ); sternite VIII not oblong, posterior margin moderately produced and in the middle briefly concave ( Fig. 242 View Figs 234-243 ). Nantou Hsien: Nenkaoshan. ..... ........................................................................................................... L. coalitum View in CoL sp. n .

- ♂: sternite VIII of different morphology and chaetotaxy; apical lobes of aedeagus not fused apically. ♀: posterior margin of tergite VIII indistinctly to obtusely angled in the middle; sternite VIII of different shape. .................................................................................. 18

18. ♂: apical lobes of aedeagus shorter, stouter, and more narrowly separated, subapical portion of ventral process projecting laterad ( Figs 207-208 View Figs 203-210 ); sternite VIII as in Fig. 206 View Figs 203-210 . Chiai and Nantou Hsien: Yushan, Alishan , Kuanshan. ...................................... L. digitatum View in CoL sp. n .

- ♂: apical lobes of aedeagus slightly longer, more slender, and more broadly separated, and subapical portion of ventral process not projecting laterad ( Fig. 214 View Figs 211-218 ); sternite VIII as in Fig. 213 View Figs 211-218 . Kaohsiung Hsien : Peinantashan. .................................... L. bidigitatum View in CoL sp. n .