Viola biflora, L.

Sect. Dischidium Ging . Perennial herbs. Stipules not leaf-like. Cleistogamous flowers produced. Style with 2-lobed stigma.

33. V. biflora L. View in CoL , Sp. Pl. 936 (1753).

Rhizome slender, creeping. Plant with basal rosette of leaves and ascending, leafy flowering stems up to 20 cm. Leaves reniform, cordate, crenate, with scattered hairs; lamina 3-4 cm; petiole 4-12 cm. Stipules 3 4 mm, ovate to lanceolate, usually cibate. Flowers 1-5 cm, yellow, not fragrant, the 4 posterior petals of the flower directed upwards as in Sect. Melanium. Sepals acute. Spur 2-3 mm. Capsule erect at maturity, glabrous. 2zz=12. Damp or shady places, mainly in the mountains. Fennoscandia; N. & C. Ural; mountain regions o f Europe from C. France and the Carpathians to S. Spain, C. Italy and Bulgaria. Au Bu Co Cz Fe Ga Ge He Hs Hu It Ju No Po Rm Rs (N, C, W) Su. Sect, melanium Ging. Herbaceous. Stipules usually large, leaf-like, often divided. Lateral petals directed upwards. Open flowers blue or yellow; cleistogamous flowers not produced. Style geniculate at the base, capitate, with wide stigmatic aper­ ture. Capsule erect at maturity, glabrous.

34. V. crassiuscula Bory View in CoL , Ann. Gén. Sci. Phys. {Bruxelles) 3: 16 (1820)

{ V. nevadensis Boiss. ).

Caespitose perennial up to 15 cm. Leaves c. 1-5 cm, ovate-orbicular, entire, glabrous or very shortly pubescent; petiole slightly longer than lamina. Stipules entire, like the leaves but smaller. Peduncles 2-4 cm. Flowers 1-1-5 cm, bright violet, pink or whitish, the lower petal golden-yellow at the base. Spur very short, obtuse, only slightly exceeding calycine appendages. Open habitats above 2500 m. • S. Spain {Sierra Nevada). Hs.

35. V. diversifolia (DC.) W. Becker View in CoL , Bull. Herb. Boiss. ser. 2, 3: 892 (1903).

Caespitose perennial 3-8(-15)cm, covered with rather short, stiff hairs. Leaves 1-2 cm, forming a rosette, entire; the lower suborbicular or broadly ovate, the upper ovate-oblong. Stipules oblong, with 3 laciniae. Peduncles 2-4 cm. Flowers up to 2 cm, violet, fragrant. Spur c. 5 mm, subulate, curved, greatly exceeding calycine appendages. Alpine meadows and rocks. • E. and C. Pyrenees. Ga Hs.