Trifolium ochroleucon, Hudson Trifolium pannonicum, Jacq.

85. T. ochroleucon Hudson View in CoL , FZ. Angl. 283 (1762)

(incl. T. caucasicum Tausch , T. pallidulum Jordan ).

Shortly rhizomatous or caespitose perennial; stems 20-50 cm, ascending; upper internodes long. Leaflets 15-3O(-5O) x 5-8 mm, oblong-elliptical or lanceolate. Stipules with a linear-lanceolate, herbaceous apex. Heads 20-40 mm, globose or oblong, shortly pedunculate or subsessile. The 4 upper calyx-teeth equalling or shorter than the tube, the lowest usually longer and deflexed in fruit, with one distinct central vein, rarely with two lateral veins. Corolla 15-20 mm, exceeding the calyx, at first yellowish-white, rarely pink, ultimately falling. Legume thickened at the apex. Mainly in shady or somewhat damp habitats. W., C. & S. Europe. Al Au Be Br Bu Co Cz Ga Ge G r He Hs Hu It Ju Lu Po Rm Rs (W) Sa Si Tu.

Variable in indumentum, petal-colour and length of the calyxteeth, especially the lowest. Plants from S. Europe ( var. roseum (C. Presi) Guss. ) often have pink petals and the lowest calyxtooth 2-3 times as long as the tube, sometimes with two indistinct lateral veins; some plants from Ukraine and S. Russia have yellowish-white petals and 2 distinct lateral veins on the lowest calyx-tooth, the latter twice as long as the tube ( T. caucasicum Tausch ).

86. T. pannonicum Jacq. View in CoL , Obs. Bot. 2: 21 (1767).

Shortly rhizomatous, hairy perennial; stems 2O-5O(-1OO) cm, erect. Upper leaflets 30-60 x 8-18 mm, oblong-lanceolate or elliptical; stipules with a long, linear, herbaceous apex. Heads up to 50(-80) mm, ovoid or cylindrical; peduncles up to 80 mm. Calyx-teeth linear-subulate, the lowest twice as long as the others. Corolla 20-25 mm, yellowish-white. Meadows, meadow-steppes and open scrub. • E.C. & S.E. Europe extending westwards to the S.W. Alps, occasionally cultivated elsewhere. Al Bu Cz Ga G r Hu It Ju Po Rm Rs (W)?Tu.

87. T. canescens Willd. View in CoL , Sp. Pl. 3: 1369 (1802).

Caespitose perennial; stems 10-30cm, ascending, simple, clothed with appressed, white hairs. Stipules 20-30 mm, lanceolate, membranous below, herbaceous above. Leaflets of lower leaves 15-30 mm, thin, broadly oblong, deeply emarginate. Heads terminal, solitary, ovoid, lax. Calyx appressed-hairy; teeth 1-veined, the lowest" only a little longer than the others and scarcely longer than the tube. Corolla c. 20 mm, creamy-white; standard twice as long as the calyx, emarginate. Mountain grassland. Krym. Rs (K).

88. T. alexandrinum L. View in CoL , Cent. Pl. 1: 25 (1755).

Annual; stems 40-70 cm, erect, branching, sparsely appressed-hairy. Leaflets 15-25 x 5-10 mm, oblong or lanceolate; free part of the stipules subulate, marginal hairs of the upper ones dilated at the base. Heads 15-20(-25) mm, ovoid or oblong-conical; peduncles up to 30 mm. Calyx hairy; tube obconical; teeth unequal, triangularsubulate, spinescent, the lowest 3-veined, at least at the base, about as long as the tube, others shorter, 1-veined. Corolla 8-10 mm, cream, about twice as long as the calyx. Apex of the mature legume slightly exserted, not concealed by the ring of hairs in the calyx-throat, which is devoid of a bilabiate callosity. Widely cultivated in the warmer parts o f Europe and locally naturalized. [Au Bu He Hs Hu Lu.]

Long cultivated in N.E. Africa, possibly native in the E. Mediterranean region. Plants from S.E. Europe appear to belong to T. constantinopolitanum (vide 90) which is sometimes identified with T. alexandrinum var. phleoides (Boiss.) Boiss.