Rubus bifrons, Vest ex Tratt.

40. R. bifrons Vest ex Tratt. View in CoL , Rosac. Monogr. 3: 28 (1823).

Almost evergreen; stems much-branched, stout, red-brown, obtusely angled, with plane faces, not pruinose, usually glabrescent, occasionally with a few minute glands and acides; prickles long, robust, subulate. Leaflets 3-5, dark green, glabrous or glabrescent above, white-tomentose beneath; terminal leaflet usually orbicular or shortly obovate, shortly acuminate or cuspidate, twice as long as its petiolule, truncate or subcordate at base; basal leaflets shortly petiolulate; stipules with sessile glands. Inflorescence elongate, the axis tomentose towards the base, variably hairy above and sometimes with some shortly stalked glands and a few acides; prickles patent, mostly straight, subulate and strong. Sepals tomentose, pubescent, sometimes glanddotted, aculeolate or unarmed; petals large, suborbicular, pale pink to red; stamens white or pale pink, exceeding the green or reddish styles; receptacle glabrescent; carpels sparsely pubescent. W. & C. Europe. Au Be Br Cz Ga Ge He Ho Hs Hu It Ju Lu Po Rm Rs (W).

Related species include:

R. banaticus E. I. Nyärädy in Sävul., FI. Rep. Pop. Romane 4: 890 (1956). Rm.

R. cuspidifer P. J. Mueller & Lefèvre, Pollichia 16-17: 89 (1859). 2« = 28. Be Br Ga He Lu Rm.

R. gillotii Boulay ex Coste , Fl. Fr. 2: 39 (1901). Ga.

R. hedycarpus Focke , Syn. Rub. Germ. 190 (1877) (R. praecox Bertol. ). Bu Cz Ga.

R. istricus Pospichal, Fl. Österr. Kiistenl. 2: 273 (1898). Ju.

R. margaritae Gayer , Magyar Bot. Lapok 20: 13 (1921). Rm.

R. trifoliatus Pospichal , F7. Österr. Kiistenl. 2: 270 (1898). Ju.