Petalolyma castanopsis Li & Yang, 1991

Petalolyma castanopsis Li & Yang, 1991 View in CoL

Petalolyma castanopsis Li & Yang, 1991: 16 View in CoL .

Petalolyma fujianensis Li & Yang, 1999: 480 View in CoL ; syn. nov.

Trichochermes bicolor sensu Fang & Yang, 1986: 157 View in CoL , nec Kuwayama, 1910: 54; Yang & Li 1984: 129, 130.

Material examined: Taiwan: 6 ñ, Nantou, Jihyeutan (Sun Moon Lake), 10-III-1985 (S. J. Fang) ( NCHU, dry mounted); 4 ò, 3 ñ, Pingtung, Shizi, Neiwen Village, South Link Highway, N22°14'36.327'', E120°49'56.988'', 480 m, 1-XII-2023 (D. Burckhardt) #23-33(-) ( NHMB, 70% ethanol); 1 ò, 2 ñ, same but Neiwen Village, Dongyuan Road, N22°14'36.575'', E120°50'12.992'', 450 m, #23-34(-).

Description: Adult. Yang (1984); Li (2011); Yang et al. (2013). Fifth instar immature. Fang and Yang (1986). Member of the divisa species group.

Distribution: Taiwan (Nantou) ( Fang and Yang 1986; Yang et al. 2013), Pingtung (present paper); China (Fujian Province) ( Li 2011).

Host plant: Ilex asprella Champ. ex Benth. ( Aquifoliaceae ) ( Li 2011).

Comments: Li and Yang (1999), when describing P. fujianensis (divisa species group), listed differences in the forewing venation to P. zhejiangana Yang & Li ( bicolor species group) but did not mention P. castanopsis (divisa species group). Li (2011) pointed out the misidentification of Trichochermes bicolor from Taiwan by Fang and Yang (1986), referring the Taiwanese species to P. fujianensis , and separated the latter from P. castanopsis in couplet 6 of the identification key of Petalolyma species, suggesting that the two are morphologically most similar. According to Li’s (2011) key, the species differ in the length ratio of veins Cu 1a /Cu: 1.29 in P. castanopsis versus 1.83 in P. fujianensis . These values appear wrong according to our measurements of Li’s (2011) drawings: 1.33 in P. castanopsis versus 1.36 in P. fujianensis . The difference in the posterior outline of the male proctiger listed by Li (2011) reflects minor intraspecific variation. As the two nominal species are morphologically identical, we propose the following synonymy: Petalolyma castanopsis Li & Yang, 1991 = Petalolyma fujianensis Li & Yang, 1999 , syn. nov.

Petalolyma formosana Yang, 1984 ( Figs. 1C–D, I–J View Fig , 2I, L, O View Fig )

Petalolyma formosana Yang, 1984: 234 View in CoL .

Material examined: Taiwan: Holotype ò, paratypes 9 ò, 9 ñ, Taichung, Anmashan, 22-VII-1982 (C. T. Yang) ( NCHU, dry); 1 ò 1 ñ, same but 6-VIII-1987 (C. T. Yang ) ( NCHU, dry); 2 ò, Nantou, Meifeng , 2150 m, 2–4-VI-1980 (L. Y. Chou & C. C. Chen) ( TARI, dry); 1 ò 1 ñ, Nantou, Tsuifeng, 2300 m, 3-VI-1980 (L. Y. Chou & C. C. Chen) ( TARI, dry); 1 ò, same but 25-27-VI-1981 (K. S. Lin & W. S. Tang) ( TARI, dry).

Description: Adult. Yang (1984); Yang et al. (2013). In the type series, the dark forewing pattern is restricted to the basal quarter of the wing with an occasional faint narrow light brown band along the anal margin (Yang 1984; Yang et al. 2013). In some recently collected specimens at hand ( TARI), the pattern is more expanded with a broad, well defined dark patch along the anal margin ( Fig. 1C View Fig ) or two patches along the costal margin ( Fig. 1D View Fig ). Fifth instar immature. Unknown. Member of the formosana species group.

Distribution: Taiwan (Nantou, Taichung) (Yang 1984; Yang et al. 2013).

Host plant: Unknown.