Ishiharella Dworakowska, 1970

Ishiharella Dworakowska, 1970 View in CoL

Ishiharella Dworakowska, 1970: 716 View in CoL ; Qin & Zhang, 2004: 114; Lu et al., 2015: 280; Yu et al., 2015: 571 View Cited Treatment .

Type species. Empoasca polyphemus Matsumura, 1931 View in CoL , by original designation of Ishiharella Dworakowska, 1970 View in CoL .

Description. Body robust, cylindrical. General color sordid ochre to fuscous. Head with a central dark patch at the transition from vertex to face and pair of slim, bracket-like depressions on each side, sometimes with a dark patch in the center of crown posterior margin. Anteclypeus dark apically. Thorax with pair of slim, sinuated depressions on each side. Ocelli present. Face broad, width across eyes nearly equal to length, frontoclypeus swollen. Profile of transition to face rounded. Crown short and wide, rounded anteriorly, in dorsal view distinctly shorter than width between eyes, anterior and posterior margins subparallel, coronal suture present, usually indistinct.

Pronotum large, lateral part general with a sinuate transverse depression on each side. Forewing narrow, rounded apically, 2nd apical cell broad at base and narrowed towards apex, veins RP, MP’ stalked, RP, MP’ and MP’’+CuA’ arise from m cell; c and r cells narrower than m and cua cells. Hindwing with CuA unbranched. Coloration of female same as male except abdomen brownish red, ovipositor brown.

Front femur intercalary row with 7–9 fine setae and 1 relatively large basal seta more distad, extended nearly half length of femur; row with 9–14 posteroventral setae (PV) situated on the whole tibia in a row from short to long and 1 pair of setae situated on apex of tibia; tarsus elongate, approximately one third length of tibia. Middle femur row PV slim, with 20–25 short, small setae in ventral view; tarsus almost same as tarsus in fore leg. Hind femur with macrosetal formula 2+1+1, tibia anteroventral row (AV) with 6 preapical macrosetae; anterodorsal setae (AD) and posterodorsal setae (PD) numerous, almost same size, both longer than posteroventral setae (PV), and row AV with 6–9 macrosetae near apex; tarsus longer than front and middle tarsus.

Male basal abdominal apodemes not greatly enlarged. Male pygofer elongated, with ventral margins folded inward and forming a small process distally, with macrosetae caudally, ventral appendage absent. Dorsal bridge of pygofer short, about 1/3 as the length of pygofer lobe. Subgenital plate partly to completely fused, lateral margins infolded on both sides, with row of sublateral macrosetae. Basal group setae absent. Paramere elongate, apex variable interspecifically, spirally twisted, or bifurcated at apex and bearing a tooth basad of bifurcation. Aedeagus shaft tubular, structure complex, with processes basally. Anal tube process developed or short and truncated apically. Connective lamellate caudally and crimped basally.

Notes. Previous studies indicated that the coronal suture was absent, but the samples examined which were boiled the whole body in NaOH showed that the coronal suture can be observed.

Distribution. China (Anhui, Chongqing, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hunan, Hubei, Shaanxi, Yunnan, Zhejiang); Thailand; Japan; Russia.

Checklist of species of the genus Ishiharella Dworakowska

Key to species of Ishiharella Dworakowska (males)

1. Subgenital plate with no more than basal 1/2 fused........................................................... 2

Subgenital plate with at least basal 1/2 fused................................................................ 6

2. Apex of paramere fork-like...................................................................... I. iochoui

Apex of paramere not fork-like.......................................................................... 3

3. Aedeagus with basoventral protrusion not bifurcated.......................................... I. trifurcata sp. nov.

Aedeagus with basoventral protrusion bifurcated............................................................ 4

4. Aedeagal shaft slightly shorter than basoventral protrusion.......................................... I. paradentata

Aedeagal shaft much shorter than basoventral protrusion...................................................... 5

5. Aedeagal shaft straight....................................................................... I. dentidensa

Aedeagal shaft bent subapically................................................................ I. polyphemus

6. Subgenital plate with no more than basal 2/3 fused........................................................... 7

Subgenital plate with at least basal 2/3 fused................................................................ 8

7. Aedeagal shaft compressed, with serrated margins.................................................... I. dentata

Aedeagal shaft not compressed, with smooth margins........................................ I. spinosa comb. nov.

8. Aedeagal basoventral protrusion with three pairs of branches................................................... 9

Aedeagal basoventral protrusion with one pairs of branches................................................... 10

9. Subgenital plate fused completely.................................................................. I. inflata

Subgenital plate not fused completely.......................................................... I. multiprotrusa

10. Aedeagal basoventral protrusion with branches hirsute distally........................................... I. hirsute

Aedeagal basoventral protrusion not hirsute distally......................................................... 11

11. Pygofer side with dorsal processes.............................................................. I. donanensis

Pygofer side without dorsal processes.................................................................... 12

12 Apex of paramere not bifurcated................................................................... I. falcata

Apex of paramere bifurcated........................................................................... 13

13 Caudoventral protrusion of pygofer not surpassing pygofer side in lateral view...................... I. wuxiensis sp. nov.

Caudoventral protrusion of pygofer surpassing pygofer side in lateral view................................. I. hastata