Bdella Latreille

Bdella Latreille

Bdella Latreille, 1795: 18 ; 1810: 133; Berlese, 1893: 42; Oudemans, 1929: 303; Meyer & Ryke, 1959: 373; Atyeo, 1960a: 372, 1963a: 120, 170; Soliman & Zaher, 1975: 79; Chaudhri et al., 1979: 130; van Der Schyff et al., 2005: 222. nec Bdella Savigny, 1822 (Anellida: Hirudinea) junior homonym.

Chelifer Geoffroy, 1762: 617 View in CoL ( part.); type species Acarus cancroides Linnaeus, 1762 (Pseudoscorpiones) .

Scirus Hermann, 1804: 60 ( part.) type species Scirus vulgaris Hermann, 1804: 61 .

Bdellidium Oudemans, 1929: 449 ; type species Scirus vulgaris Hermann, 1804: 61 ; synonymy according to Atyeo (1960a).

Caenobdella Oudemans, 1937: 1227 ; type-species Bdella crassipes Koch, 1839 by original designation; synonymy according to Atyeo (1960a).

Type-species: Acarus longicornis Linnaeus, 1758 (= La pince Geoffroy ), by subsequent designation ( Latreille 1795).

1. Bdella aloios van Der Schyff, Theron & Ueckermann, 2005: 222 ; Limpopo province, South Africa, ex Canthium mundianum Cham. & Schltdl. (Rubiaceae) .

Remarks. Male unknown. This species was misspelled as B. alois in van Der Schyff et al. 2005 , pages 223, 224.

Type deposition. NCA.

2. Bdella bakeri Gupta & Paul, 1985: 14 ; West Bengal, Midnapur Dist., Patharkumkumi, India; ex nest of dove Streptopelia chinensis (Scopoli) (Aves, Columbidae ). Remarks. Male unknown.

Type deposition. NZSI.

3. Bdella biroi Supino, 1894: 197 ; Hungary.— Thor, 1931a: 37. Type deposition. Unknown.

4. Bdella boskopensis van Der Schyff, Theron & Ueckermann, 2005: 232 ; North West Province, South Africa; ex Acacia karroo Hayne (Fabaceae) .

Type deposition. NCA.

5. Bdella calva Hull, 1915: 122 ; on soil, England.— Hull, 1918: 39. Remarks. This species probably belongs to a different genus as indicated by the elongated palp tibiotarsus ( Hull 1915, figure 6).

Type deposition. Unknown.

6. Bdella captiosa Atyeo, 1963a: 170 ; Groverly, Queensland, Australia; ex unknown host. Distribution. Australia ( Wallace & Mahon 1972), Hawaii ( Swift & Goff 1987), Iran ( Kamali et al. 2001; Ueckermann et al. 2007; Abbaszadeh et al. 2010).

Remarks. Although Atyeo (1963a: 171) established a male as the holotype, Wallace & Mahon (1972: 546, footnote) analyzed the types and concluded it was actually a female; the male and other immatures were not reported until 1987 by Swift & Goff (1987: 43).

Redescriptions. Swift & Goff (1987), Ueckermann et al. (2007).

Type deposition. SAM.

7. Bdella cardinalis Banks, 1894: 219 ; ex wood under leaves, NY, USA; 1904a: 144; 1907: 596; 1908: 5; Ewing, 1909b: 68; Ewing & Webster, 1912: 129; Hartzell, 1918: 206; Hernandes, 2013: 61. Distribution. United States (Alabama, Florida, Texas, Illinois) and Mexico.

Type deposition. MCZ.

Remarks. This species has been considered as a junior synonym of Bdella longicornis (Linnaeus) by Thor (1931a), and as a junior synonym of Bdella oblonga by Jacot (1938); however, Hernandes (2013) revalidated the status of this species.

8. Bdella carolae van Der Schyff, Theron & Ueckermann, 2005: 235 ; Limpopo Province, South Africa; ex Acacia karroo Hayne (Fabaceae) .

Type deposition. NCA.

9. Bdella consobrinae van Der Schyff, Theron & Ueckermann, 2005: 234 ; North West Province, South Africa; ex Acacia karroo Hayne (Fabaceae) .

Type deposition. NCA.

10. Bdella crassipes Koch, 1839: 23 ; Germany.— Koch, 1842: 74; Walckenaer & Gervais, 1847: 532; Thor, 1931a: 31; Caenobdella crassipes (Koch) , Oudemans, 1937: 1227.

Type deposition. Unknown.

11. Bdella distincta Baker & Balock, 1944: 179 ; Morelos, Mexico, ex lichens.— Atyeo, 1960a: 381 (lectotype designation).

Distribution. United States ( Washington D.C., Hawaii, Texas), Puerto Rico ( Guayama), Philippines, Indonesia, Japan, China, Indonesia, Thailand ( Atyeo 1960a), Taiwan ( Tseng 1978), Hawaii ( Garret & Haramoto 1967; Swift & Goff 1987), Guadaloupe ( Flechtmann & Etienne 2006), Brazil ( Lawson-Balagbo et al. 2008).

Redescriptions. Atyeo (1960a), Tseng (1978), Swift & Goff (1987).

Type deposition. Lectotype female, ex Bambusa parvariabilis , China (detected in Washington DC, USA), at USNM.

12. Bdella distinguenda Berlese, 1905: 157 ; Bogor (former Buitenzorg, Java). Other names: Scirus distinguendus ; Thor, 1931a: 45.

Remarks. Suspected synonym of Bdellodes longirostris (Hermann) according to Thor (1931a: 45). Type deposition. Lost ( Castagnoli & Pegazano 1985).

13. Bdella dorsata Walckenaer & Gervais, 1844: 157 ; Paris, France on humid soil with small plants in gardens.— Berlese, 1893: 43; Thor, 1931a: 37; Oudemans, 1937: 1195.

Type deposition. Probably lost.

14. Bdella farabii Paktinat-Saeej & Bagheri, 2015a: 524 ; Amol, Mazandaran Province, Iran ( Paktinat-Saeej et al. 2015a).

Type deposition. Holotype at the Acarological Collection , Department of Plant Protection , Faculty of Agriculture , University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran ; one paratype at ASI.

15. Bdella grandjeani Thor, 1931b: 65 ; Northern Africa. Type deposition. Lost.

16. Bdella heliophila Mihelčič, 1958a: 273 ; Cercedilla, Spain, on moss of pinus forest.

Type deposition. Laboratorium Faunistica y Ecología Animal, Instituto de Edafología, Madrid.

17. Bdella helvetica Schweizer & Bader, 1963: 232 ; Val Ftur, National Park, Switzerland, under stone. Original designation: Bdella iconica helvetica Schweizer & Bader.

Type deposition. NMB (NP 1931).

18. Bdella horvathi Karpelles, 1888: 275 ; Bulgaria.— Thor, 1931a: 37. Type deposition. Unknown.

19. Bdella humida Wallace & Mahon, 1972: 546 ; Millstream, Fortescue River, West Australia, Australia; ex litter of Acacia sp. ( Fabaceae ) and Eucalyptus sp. (Myrtacea).

Distribution. Australia, Iran ( Kamali et al. 2001; Ueckermann et al. 2007). Redescription. Ueckermann et al. (2007).

Remarks. Male unknown.

Type deposition. Holotype and paratypes at ANIC; paratypes at SAM, BMNH, USNM and OSAL .

20. Bdella iconica Berlese, 1923: 240 ; on plants, in Florence and Germany—Thor, 1931a: 32.

a. Bdella iconica var. veneta Berlese, 1923: 240 ; Thor, 1931a: 32; Schweizer & Bader, 1963: 231.

b. Bdella sardoa Berlese, 1923: 241 ; B. iconica var. sardoa ; Thor, 1931a: 32. Synonymy according to Thor (1931a).

Distribution. Italy, Germany and Norway ( Thor 1931a), Germany ( Willmann 1955), Austria ( Willmann 1951), France ( Schmölzer 1956), Spain ( Mihelčič 1958a), Iceland ( Atyeo & Tuxen 1962), Georgia ( Gomelauri 1963b), New Zealand ( Atyeo 1963a), Switzerland ( Schweizer & Bader 1963), Bulgaria ( Sosnina et al. 1965), Bohemia ( Lelláková-Duškova 1978), Ukraine ( Kuznetsov & Livshits 1979a), Poland ( Michocka 1987), China ( Lin et al. 2006), Crimea ( Bednarskaya 2009, 2010, 2011), Slovakia ( Kaluz et al. 2013). Remarks. Michocka (1987: 39) apparently figured trichobothria on tibiae II, a characteristic only found in the subfamily Odontoscirinae; therefore it is likely that the species reported from Poland might be the result of a misidentification.

Redescriptions. Atyeo & Tuxen (1962), Atyeo (1963a), Sosnina et al. (1965), Wallace & Mahon (1972), Lelláková-Duškova (1978), Michocka (1987).

Type deposition. CRA.

21. Bdella interrupta Evans, 1952: 668 ; Mid and North Wales, UK, on rocks above tide marks. Type deposition. Unknown.

22. Bdella karajiensis Ueckermann, Rastegar, Saboori & Ostovan, 2007: 133 ; Karaj, Iran, ex litter and soil beneath ornamental plant.

Type deposition. Holotype at SRIAUT, paratypes at ASI.

23. Bdella khasyana Gupta, 1991: 221 ; Arunachal Pradesh, India; ex Litsea khasyana Meisn. (Lauraceae) . Redescription. Gupta (2002).

Remarks. Male unknown.

Type deposition. NZSI.

24. Bdella kuznetsovi Maslov & Khaustov, 2013: 52 ; Arabatsky Nature Reserve, Crimea, Ukraine; ex storm detritus on shore of Sivash Gulf.

Type deposition. NBG.

25. Bdella lattakia Soliman & Zaher, 1975: 79 ; Slinfa, Lattakia , Syria, ex moss. Distribution. Syria, Iran ( Kamali et al. 2001; Ueckermann et al. 2007). Redescription. Ueckermann et al. (2007).

Remarks. Male unknown.

Type deposition. CUE.

26. Bdella longicornis ( Linnaeus, 1758) : 618; in Europe. Original designation: Acarus longicornis Linnaeus (= Acarus petrarum ruber L., 1746: 349).— Müller, 1776: 187; Johnston, 1845: 227; Oudemans, 1926b: 116.; Atyeo, 1962: 344 ( neotype designation).

a. Chelifer totus ruber Geoffroy, 1762: 618 ; synonymy according to Thor (1902).

b. Acarus rupestris Linnaeus, 1758: 618 ; Hammer, 1775: 157; synonymy according to Thor (1931a).

c. Acarus citri Hasselquist, 1757: 431 ; Oudemans, 1929: 306; synonymy according to Thor (1931a).

d. Acarus ruber Linnaeus, 1746 ; Fabricius, 1775: 815.

e. Acarus velox Müller, 1776: 187 ; Oudemans, 1929: 312; 1937: 1201.

f. Bdella rubra Lamarck, 1801: 179 ; von Heyden, 1826: 608; synonym of Bdellodes longirostris according to Berlese (1893).

g. Scirus vulgaris Hermann, 1804: 61 ; Oudemans, 1929: 313; Bdella vulgaris, Koch, 1839: 1851 ; Dugès, 1834: 21; Voigts & Oudemans, 1906: 242; Bäbler, 1910: 812; Oudemans, 1937: 1206; synonymy according to Thor (1904b).

h. Bdella decipiens Thorell, 1871: 701 ; Trägårdh, 1902a: 7; 1904: 47; 1931: 47; Halbert, 1915: 113; Hull, 1918: 39; Banks, 1919: 11; Hull, 1922: 622; Trägårdh, 1931: 47; synonymy according to Thor (1902: 7); Bdella longicornis var. decipiens Thorell ; Trägårdh, 1928: 8.

i. Bdella borealis Kramer & Neuman, 1883: 525 ; Banks, 1899: 348; 1907: 596 synonymy according to Thor (1904b).

j. Bdella caeca Berlese, 1905: 15 ; Bdella longicornis var. caeca ; synonymy according to Thor (1931a: 28).

k. Bdella vestita Koch, 1835: 23 ; 1842: 74; Walckenaer & Gervais, 1844: 157; Andersén, 1863: 184; Canestrini & Fanzago, 1877: 105.— Scirus vestitus, Murray, 1877: 146 ; synonymy according to Thor (1904b).

l. Bdella anguinesetosa Ewing, 1909b: 72 ; synonymy according to Atyeo (1960a).

m. Bdella tessellata Ewing, 1913: 112 ; Thor, 1931a: 36; synonymy according to Atyeo (1960a).

n. Bdella oblonga Say, 1821: 19 ; Walckenaer & Gervais, 1847: 348; Gervais, 1849: 32; Banks, 1902a: 543; Oudemans, 1937: 1211; Jacot, 1938: 126; Baker & Balock, 1944: 180; Drummond, 1957: 142; synonymy according to Thor (1931a: 25); Bdellodes oblongula, Oudemans, 1937: 1221 .

o. Bdella egregia Koch, 1839: 23 ; synonymy according to Thor (1904b).

p. Bdella cruentata Koch, 1839: 10 ; synonymy according to Thor (1904b).

q. Bdella tenuirostris Koch, 1839: 18 ; synonymy according to Thor (1904b).

r. B del la vivida Koch, 1839: 19 ; synonymy according to Thor (1904b).

s. Bdella podurophila White, 1852: 210 ; synonymy according to Thor (1904b).

t. Bdella arenaria Kramer, 1881: 444 ; synonymy according to Thor (1904b).

Distribution. Germany ( Voigts & Oudemans 1906), Sweden ( Trägårdh 1910), England ( Hull 1918), Switzerland ( Schweizer 1922; Schweizer & Bader 1963), Canada ( Summerhayes & Elton 1928), Norway ( Thor 1930a), North Africa ( Thor 1931b), Austria ( Willmann 1951), France ( Schmölzer 1956), Barro Colorado Islands, Panama Canal Zone, Costa Rica, Cuba, Mexico ( Oaxaca, Distrito Federal, México, San Luis Potosí), United States ( California, Texas, Utah, Arkansas, Illinois, Tennessee, Florida, Missouri, Michigan, New Hampshire, Vermount), Nova Scotia ( Atyeo 1960a), Japan ( Ehara 1960; Shiba & Morikawa 1966; Shiba 1969a), Canada ( Sinha 1963), Taiwan ( Tseng 1978), United States ( Lehman 1982), Poland ( Michocka 1987), Korea ( Lee et al. 1997), China ( Fujian) ( Lin & Zhang 2000), Japan ( Nakamura et al. 2006), Iran ( Kamali et al. 2001, Ueckermann et al. 2007), Crimea ( Bednarskaya 2011). Redescriptions. Walckenaer & Gervais (1844), Thor (1926, 1930a, 1931a), Trägårdh (1928), Oudemans (1929, 1937), Willmann (1956), Atyeo (1960a, 1962), Ehara (1961), Schweizer & Bader (1963), Shiba (1969a), Wallace & Mahon (1972), Tseng (1978), Michocka (1987), Ueckermann et al. (2007).

Remarks. Bdella longicornis is the type species of the genus Bdella , and is among the first members of the family ever described. As a consequence, it has appeared under various names in the 18th and 19th century literature.

Type deposition. Neotype of B. longicornis at USNM; type of B. caeca at CRA; type of B. cardinalis at MCZ; type of B. anguinesetosa at USNM.

27. Bdella longipalpus Mihelčič, 1958b: 41 ; Sierra Nevada, Spain. Type deposition. Unknown.

28. Bdella longistriata Atyeo, 1960a: 380 ; Llera, Tamaulipas, Mexico, ex pineapple epiphyte. Other records: Mexico (Llera, Tamaulipas; Ciudad del Maiz, San Luis Potosí; Antiguo Morelos, Tamaulipas), United States ( Texas) ( Atyeo 1960a).

Type deposition. Holotype and paratypes at SEMC, paratypes at USNM.

29. Bdella malaccensis Shiba, 1978: 99 ; Malacca, Malaysia; under stones of intertidal zone.

Type deposition. Biological Laboratory of Matsuyama Shinonome Junior College, Matsuyama, Japan.

30. Bdella malawiensis van Der Schyff, Theron & Ueckermann, 2005: 224 ; Malawi, Bangula, Mozambique; ex Trichilia dregeana Sond. (Meliaceae) .

Remarks. Male unknown.

Type deposition. NCA.

31. Bdella maldahanensis Gupta, 1992: 121 ; West Bengal, India, ex Mangifera indica Linnaeus (Anacardiaceae) . Redescription. Gupta (2002).

Type deposition. NZSI.

32. Bdella muscorum Ewing, 1909a: 124 ; Muncie, Illinois, USA ex moss.— Thor, 1931a: 38.

a. Bdella recens Ewing, 1934: 57 (= Bdella lata Ewing, 1909b: 69 ); Drummond, 1957: 142; synonymy according to Atyeo (1960a).

b. Bdella subnigra Ewing, 1909b: 73 ; synonymy according to Atyeo (1960a).

c. Bdella muscorum var. minnesotensis Ewing, 1913: 113 ; Thor, 1931a: 38; synonymy according to Atyeo (1960a).

Distribution. United States ( California, Colorado, New Mexico, Kansas, Arkansas, Tennessee, Michigan, Minnesota, Illinois, Maryland), Alaska (Point Barrow, Chandler Lake Region, Umiaat, District of Mackenzie), Germany (Ost-Holstein), Czeck Republic and Iceland ( Atyeo 1960a), Iceland ( Atyeo & Tuxen 1962), Georgia ( Gomelauri 1963b), Bulgaria ( Sosnina et al. 1965), Japan ( Shiba & Morikawa 1966), Bohemia (Lelláková- Duškova 1978), Taiwan ( Tseng 1978), Ukraine ( Kuznetsov & Livshits 1979a), Pakistan ( Chaudhri et al. 1979), Canada ( Danks 1980), United States ( Lehman 1982), Korea ( Lee et al. 1997), China ( Fujian) ( Lin & Zhang 2000), Hungary ( Ripka et al. 2005), Japan ( Nakamura et al. 2006), Iran (Ueckermann et al. 2007), Crimea ( Bednarskaya 2009, 2010, 2011), Slovakia ( Kaluz 2008).

Redescriptions. Atyeo (1960a), Atyeo & Tuxen (1962), Shiba & Morikawa (1966), Sosnina et al. (1965), Wallace & Mahon (1972), Lelláková-Duškova (1978), Tseng (1978).

Type deposition. USNM.

33. Bdella neograndjeani Meyer & Ryke, 1959: 373 ; Eastern Cape Province, South Africa; ex unidentified shrub. Redescription. van Der Schyff et al. (2005).

Type deposition. NCA.

34. Bdella nihoaensis Swift & Goff, 1987: 29 ; Nihoa Island, Hawaii, ex litter. Remarks. Female unknown.

Type deposition. BPBM.

35. Bdella nylsvleyensis van Der Schyff, Theron & Ueckermann, 2005: 226 ; Limpopo Province, South Africa, ex soil and debris.

Type deposition. NCA.

36. Bdella obesa Oudemans, 1937: 1211 ; unknown locality, Germany. Type deposition. Unknown.

37. Bdella pinicola Cooreman, 1943: 7 ; on pines, near Brussels, Belgium. Type deposition. IRSN.

38. Bdella piggotti Evans, 1953: 272 ; Kilimanjaro, Tanzania. Type deposition. Unknown.

39. Bdella pulchella Berlese, 1923: 241 ; unknown plant and in soil, Italy (Florence and Forli).— Thor, 1931a: 33. Distribution. Norway and Italy ( Thor 1931a), Spain ( Mihelčič 1958a).

Type deposition. Lost ( Castagnoli & Pegazzano 1985).

40. Bdella radhikae Sadanandan et al., 2009: 3 ; ex Cocos nucifera , Kerala, India.

Type deposition. Division of Acarology, Department of Zoology , University of Calicut, Kerala , India.

41. Bdella robusta Banks, 1894: 220 ; Sea Cliff, New York, USA, on ground.— Banks, 1907: 596. Other name: Scirus robustus, Thor, 1931a: 45 .

Distribution. United States (Sea Cliff, New York) ( Thor 1931a). Type deposition. Unknown.

42. Bdella semiscutata Thor, 1930a: 92 ; Svalbard, Norway.— Thor, 1931a: 29; Willmann, 1939c: 431; 1956: 243. Distribution. Svalbard Island ( Norway) , Norway, Germany, ( Thor 1931a), North Africa ( Thor 1931b) , Austria ( Willmann 1951), Spain ( Mihelčič 1958b), Georgia ( Gomelauri 1963b), Switzerland ( Schweizer & Bader 1963), Bohemia ( Lelláková-Duškova 1978), Poland ( Michocka 1987), China ( Xin et al. 1998), Crimea ( Bednarskaya 2011).

Redescriptions. Wallace & Mahon (1972), Lelláková-Duškova (1978), Michocka (1987). Type deposition. Unknown.

43. Bdella septentrionalis Atyeo, 1962 (in Atyeo & Tuxen, 1962: 284) ; Arnarnesháls, West Iceland. Redescription. Wallace & Mahon (1972).

Type deposition. ZMUC.

44. Bdella spinirostris Koch, 1839: 9 ; unknown locality, Germany; Koch, 1842: 74; Walckenaer & Gervais, 1847: 532; Andersèn, 1863: 185; Berlese, 1893: 43; Thor, 1931a: 34; Oudemans, 1937: 214. Type deposition. Unknown.

45. Bdella strandi Berlese, 1923: 240 ; Norway.— Thor, 1931a: 33. Other name: Bdella strandi var. vistosa Berlese, 1923: 241 ; Thor, 1931a: 33.

Distribution. Norway ( Thor 1931a), Poland ( Michocka 1987), Hungary ( Ripka et al. 2005). Remarks. Michocka (1987: 31) apparently figured trichobothria on tibiae II, a characteristic only found in the subfamily Odontoscirinae; it is likely that the species reported from Poland might be the result of a misidentification.

Type deposition. CRA.

46. Bdella subulirostris Berlese, 1923: 242 ; Vallombrosa, Italy, ex conifer leaves, with Formica pratensis Retzius (Insecta, Formicidae )— Thor, 1931a: 35.

Distribution. Austria ( Willmann 1951).

Redescription. Thor, 1931a: 35.

Type deposition. CRA.

47. Bdella taurica Kuznetsov & Livshits, 1979b: 608 ; Alupka town, Crimea, Ukraine, ex moss on rocky cliffs. Type deposition. NBG.

48. Bdella tlascalana Vitzthum, 1933: 226 ; Chilapa, Tlaxcala, Mexico. Type deposition. Unknown.

49. Bdella tropica Atyeo, 1960a: 378 ; Barro Colorado Island, Canal Zone, Panama, ex bark moss. Other records: Malaysia ( Shiba 1978), China ( Lin et al. 2006).

Redescription. Wallace & Mahon (1972).

Type deposition. Holotype and paratypes at SEMC, paratypes at USNM, BMNH, SAM .

50. Bdella uchidai Ehara, 1961: 249 ; Ranshima, Hokkaido, Japan, ex rocks in intertidal zones. Distribution. Japan ( Shiba & Morikawa 1966), China ( Lin et al. 2006). Redescriptions. Shiba & Morikawa (1966), Wallace & Mahon (1972). Type deposition. EIHU.

51. Bdella ueckermanni Hernandes, Daud & Feres, 2008: 262 ; Pariquera-Açu, São Paulo, Brazil, ex Bactris gasipaes Kunth (Arecaceae) leaves. Other records: Musa sp. leaves (Musacea), Três Rios, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Cocos nucifera Linnaeus (Arecaceae) leaves, Ilhéus, Bahia, Brazil.

Type deposition. DZSJRP.

52. Bdella utilis Banks, 1914: 55 ; South Africa, black scale. Distribution. California ( McGregor 1956: 13). Redescription. Hernandes (2013).

Type deposition. MCZ.

53. Bdella validipes Berlese, 1923: 240 ; Eastern Africa.— Thor, 1931a: 33. Type deposition. Lost ( Castagnoli & Pegazzano 1985).

54. Bdella vates van Der Schyff, Theron & Ueckermann, 2005: 229 ; Free State Province, South Africa, ex soil. Type deposition. NCA.