Maculonomia Wu, 1982

Genus Maculonomia Wu, 1982

Maculonomia Wu, 1982: 275 .

REMARKS

The genus Maculonomia was originally established as a subgenus of Nomia Latreille, 1804 View in CoL ( Wu 1982) and was kept within an ill-defined Nomia View in CoL by Michener (2007), although as a synonym of Acunomia Cockerel, 1930 . More recently Maculonomia has been recognized as a genus distinct from Nomia View in CoL (e.g. Pauly 2009) and separate from Acunomia Cockerell, 1930 and Curvinomia Michener, 1944 , which had also been placed within Acunomia ( Michener 2007) . Maculonomia is likely related to Curvinomia ( Pauly 2009; Niu et al. 2017) but can be separated from the latter by the following characteristics: mesoscutal punctation generally finer and simple (deeper and often doubled in Curvinomia ); anterior apical corner of forewing lightly to darkly infuscate (apical parts of wing faintly infumate in Curvinomia ); outer metatibial spur of female simple (spur with strong subapical branch); metabasitibial plate of female elevated, triangular, and nearly glabrous (shield-shaped and typically setose in Curvinomia ); metafemur of male generally slender, smooth and concave ventrally (metafemur thicker and laterally compressed in Curvinomia ). In addition, the metatibia in males has a distinct projection apicoventrally, metasomal sternum IV of males is broad and large, sternum V of males with medial triangular projection apically, sternum VII of males with double apical projections, dorsal gonostylar lobe expanded, flattened, and lamelliform mesally and with slender, narrow apical extension; ventral gonostylar bifid apically.

Herein, based on the significant differences of the legs, the genus is divided into two subgenera: Maculonomia Wu s. str. and Spanionomia Engel &Tran, n. subgen. (see key to subgenera, infra). The new subgenus is established based on the species Maculonomia elegans ( Smith, 1857) . The nominate subgenus can be further arranged into two species groups, distinguished largely by the presence or absence of the enameled bands on the metasomal terga apically: colored-banded species (the interrupta group, with 16 species) and non-colored-banded species (the apicalis group, with five species) ( Table 1 View TABLE ).

KEY TO SUBGENERA OF MACULONOMIA WU, 1982

1. Metatibial scopa of female reduced; legs largely yellowish orange to light orange or orangish brown [ Indonesia; Malaysia; Brunei] ............................................................................... Spanionomia Engel & Tran , n. subgen.

— Metatibial scopa of female abundant; legs largely dark brown to black [central-southern China southward into Malesia, westward to Nepal] ............................................................................. Maculonomia Wu, 1982 s. str.

KEY TO VIETNAMESE SPECIES OF MACULONOMIA WU, 1982 S. STR.

The female of Maculonomia (Maculonomia) rufomysteria Engel , Tran, & AD Nguyen and the males of M. (M.) ferruginea Engel , Tran, & Nguyen and M. (M.) rufocaudata ( Wu, 1988) remain unknown.

1. Females ....................................................................................................................................................... 2

— Males .......................................................................................................................................................... 5

2. Metasomal terga apically without enameled bands, black ............................................................................ 3

— Metasomal terga apically with enameled bands ............................................................................................ 4

3. Mesoscutum and mesoscutellum dull, punctures deep, distinct, separated by less than a puncture width ( Fig. 12B View FIG ); frontal head, mesoscutum, mesoscutellum with black setae ( Fig. 12A, B View FIG ); discs of metasomal terga I-V with obvious ferruginous setae .................................................. M. (M.) ferruginea Engel , Tran, & Nguyen, n. sp.

— Mesoscutum and mesoscutellum shiny, punctures shallow, anteriorly and posteriorly separated by a puncture width or more ( Fig. 14B View FIG ); face, mesoscutum, and mesoscutellum with fulvous setae ( Figs 13A View FIG ; 14A View FIG ), metasomal terga I-IV laterally and tergum V apically with ferruginous setae ................ M. (M.) terminata ( Smith, 1875)

4. Clypeus laterally with punctures dense ( Fig. 5A View FIG ); discs of metasomal terga III-V with blackish setae; metasomal terga II-IV apically with thin, pale, yellowish-green enamel bands and tergum V black apically ( Fig. 5D View FIG ) ...... ............................................................................................................. M. (M.) alveolus Engel & Tran, n. sp.

— Clypeus laterally with punctures sparse ( Fig. 7A View FIG ); discs of metasomal terga III-V with conspicuous reddish-orange setae; metasomal tergum II dull apically and terga III-V with orange enamel bands apically ( Fig. 7D View FIG ) ... .................................................................................................................... M. (M.) rufocaudata ( Wu, 1988)

5. Metafemur with a squarish lamella orthogonal to podite axis ventrobasally ( Fig. 16C View FIG ); metasomal terga without enameled bands apically, black ( Fig. 16E View FIG ) ................................................... M. (M.) terminata ( Smith, 1875)

— Metafemur without lamella ventrobasally; metasomal terga with enameled bands apically ........................... 6

6. Metafemur swollen and with small trough bordered by longitudinal lamella ventrally ( Fig. 2C View FIG ); wing membrane largely clear with light infumate area apically ( Fig. 1B View FIG ); pterostigma brown; metasomal terga II-V with yellowish-green enamel bands apically ( Fig. 2D View FIG ); metasomal terga II-VIII and genitalia as in Figure 3 View FIG ........... ............................................................................................................. M. (M.) alveolus Engel & Tran, n. sp.

— Metafemur normal, without small trough ventrally ( Fig. 9C View FIG ); wing membrane yellowed with pronouncedly infumate spot apically ( Fig. 8A View FIG ); pterostigma yellowish brown; metasomal terga V and VI with reddish-orange enamel bands apically ( Fig. 9E View FIG ); sterna IV-VIII and genitalia as in Figure 10 View FIG ................................................. ................................................................................ M. (M.) rufomysteria Engel , Tran, & AD Nguyen, n. sp.