Synagelides numu, Ni & Li & Zhang, 2025

Synagelides numu sp. nov.

Chinese name: ŏnāãu

Figs 1–4 View FIGURE 1 View FIGURE 2 View FIGURE 3 View FIGURE 4

Type material. CHINA • Hunan Province: Holotype: ♂ ( MHBU-ARA-00027442 ), Shaoyang City, Chengbu County, Rulin Town , Daqiao Village , 110.2672° E, 26.3048° N, 505 m a.s.l., 10 November 2020, Y. Mu & K. Yu leg. GoogleMaps Paratypes: 1♀ ( MHBU-ARA-00021465 ) , 1♂ 3♀ (MHBU-ARA-00021454, 00021457), with same data as for holotype GoogleMaps ; 1♂ 1♀ ( MHBU-ARA-00020609 ) Shaoyang City, Suining County, Huangsangping Township , Quyou Valley , 110.1093° E, 26.4575° N, 738 m a.s.l., 21 September 2015, C. Jin, X. Guo & J. He leg. GoogleMaps

Etymology. The specific epithet is taken from the Chinese pinyin "nù mù" for "fierce eye", and refers to the pattern on the dorsal view of the abdomen, which resembles a pair of angry eyes; noun in apposition.

Diagnosis. The new species resembles S. gambosus Xie & Yin, 1990 , S. subgambosus Wang, Mi, Irfan & Peng, 2020 and S. huangxin Lin & Li, 2024 , but differs from them in the following characters: male: (1) the median apophysis is slightly rough with snake-scale-like processes at the distal end in retrolateral view, and its tip is directed retrolaterally in ventral view ( Figs 2A, D View FIGURE 2 , 4A, B View FIGURE 4 ; whereas the edge at the distal end is strongly serrated with some peaks, and the tip is directed prolaterally in S. gambosus , S. subgambosus and S. huangxin , see Xie & Yin 1990: fig. 2, Wang et al. 2020: fig. 11B–D and Lin et al. 2024: fig. 47A, B); (2) the embolus is short, like inverted comma in ventral view ( Figs 2A View FIGURE 2 , 4A View FIGURE 4 ; whereas it is slender, S-shaped in S. huangxin , see Lin et al. 2024: fig. 47A); female: the length of the septum is almost equal to that of the epigyne, and its anterior part extends to both sides, forming a pair of lateral ridges into ram-horn shape ( Figs 3A–D View FIGURE 3 , 4C, D View FIGURE 4 ; whereas the length of the septum is much less than that of the epigyne, and its anterior part is Y-shaped in S. gambosus , S. subgambosus , and S. huangxin , see Xie & Yin 1990: figs 6, 7, Wang et al. 2020: fig. 12A–C and Lin et al. 2024: fig. 48A, B).

Description. Male. Measurements of holotype: total length 4.39; carapace 1.90 long, 1.31 wide, abdomen 2.12 long, 1.19 wide; eye measurements: AME 0.45, ALE 0.25, PME 0.09, PLE 0.26; leg measurements: Ⅰ 4.31 (1.41, 1.12, 1.05, 0.42, 0.31), II 2.78 (0.86, 0.39, 0.62, 0.63, 0.28), III 3.08 (0.94, 0.36, 0.68, 0.75, 0.35), IV 4.07 (1.16, 0.53, 1.01, 0.97, 0.40); leg formula Ⅰ-IV-III-II. Chelicerae ( Fig. 1G View FIGURE 1 ) pale yellow, with two promarginal teeth and one retromarginal fissidentate tooth. Carapace ( Fig. 1A, C View FIGURE 1 ) length approximately one and half width, rough, with numerous short setae; the sub-square area around the fovea reddish-brown, rest part black, eye surroundings dark; fovea circular and pit-like; endites, labium and sternum yellow. Legs ( Fig. 1A, E View FIGURE 1 ) with longitudinal black or gray stripes on both sides of femora, coxae and trochanters off-white, femora to tarsi almost yellow, except femora Ⅰ and IV reddish brown; leg Ⅰ spination: tibia v2-2-2-2, metatarsus v2-2. Dorsal of abdomen ( Fig. 1A View FIGURE 1 ) sparsely covered with short setae, almost entirely black, anterior part with scattered brown spots and posterior part with faint arcuate patterns; two large sub-rectangular white patches symmetrically near center of midline, another two slightly posterior on lateral margins; ventral side almost off-white, three gray stripes running anterior to posterior, converging near spinnerets, middle stripe darker. Spinnerets ( Fig. 1A View FIGURE 1 ) egg-yellow, with some gray setae on surface.

Palp ( Figs 2A–E View FIGURE 2 , 4A, B View FIGURE 4 ): ventral femoral apophysis close to patella, almost sub-triangular; retrolateral tibial apophysis S-shaped, basal 2/3 portion semi-transparent, originating from middle part of tibia; cymbium with dorsal and prolateral apophyses, dorsal apophysis blunt-rounded, prolateral apophysis nearly equilateral triangular; embolus short, broadened and flat at base, like inverted comma in ventral view, tip directed antero-prolaterally; median apophysis pronounced, base with anteriorly extended branch in retrolateral view, distal end with snake-scale-like processes, serrated tip curved retrolaterally.

Female. Measurements of paratype (MHBU-ARA-00021465): total length 4.97; carapace 2.02 long, 1.39 wide, abdomen 2.47 long, 1.44 wide; eye measurements: AME 0.47, ALE 0.26, PME 0.07, PLE 0.24; leg measurements: Ⅰ 3.88 (1.28, 0.99, 0.97, 0.36, 0.28), II 2.95 (0.97, 0.42, 0.68, 0.59, 0.29), III 3.28 (1.03, 0.40, 0.71, 0.77, 0.37), IV 4.54 (1.20, 0.57, 1.16, 1.14, 0.47); leg formula IV-Ⅰ-III-II. Chelicerae ( Fig. 1H View FIGURE 1 ) coloration and dentation like that of male. Leg Ⅰ spination ( Fig. 1F View FIGURE 1 ): tibia v2-2-2-2, metatarsus v2-2. Habitus ( Fig. 1B, D, F View FIGURE 1 ) similar to that of male, but different in: overall coloration slightly lighter; besides four white spots in males, with another two on anterior dorsum and two on lateral margins near posterior end, close to spinnerets.

Epigyne ( Figs 3A–D View FIGURE 3 , 4C, D View FIGURE 4 ): length almost equal to width, with transverse fold at posterior end; septum distinctly narrow, almost as wide as copulatory duct; anterior septum edge extending sideways and curved centrally and dorsally, forming a pair of lateral arc-shaped ridges; atrium large, almost covering half of epigyne; copulatory openings located at posterior end of atrial ridge; copulatory ducts inconspicuous near copulatory openings, and then extending posteriorly, posterior part clearly visible, with short accessory glands near spermathecae; spermathecae elongated, like two slanted ice cream cones, fertilization ducts approximately two times longer than accessory glands.

Distribution. China ( Hunan).