Adelencyrtus odonaspidis Fullaway, 1913

Adelencyrtus odonaspidis Fullaway View in CoL

( Figs 27-32; Hab. E 5)

Adelencyrtus odonaspidis Fullaway, 1913:27 View in CoL . Syntypes EE, Hawaii, USNM, examined.

DIAGNOSIS. Female (length about 1.1-1.4mm): head with frontovertex bright metallic green changing to metallic dark blue and then purple above scrobes; scrobal area, mouth margin, temple and gena metallic green mixed coppery and coppery purple; scape pale orange, pedicel pale brown proximally, otherwise pale orange, F1-F4 slightly dusky pale orange, F5-F5 pale yellow, clava mostly pale orange but slightly dusky proximally; thorax generally dark brown to black with a metallic sheen; pronotum metallic green mixed blue and coppery; mesoscutum bright metallic green, with some coppery reflections, mixed with some dark blue and brassy reflections; tegula dark brown with a slight coppery purple sheen; axilla relatively dull metallic green and coppery purple; scutellum dorsally relatively dull with coppery and dark green to blue-green reflections, side and apex bright metallic green mixed coppery; mesopleuron with a weak, coppery purple and brassy sheen; legs generally pale yellow to very pale orange, but mid coxa dark brown ventrally and hind coxa dark brown dorsally, hind femur mostly brown and hind tibia with a subbasal brown ring; fore wing weakly infuscate, more strongly so at apex, with a large triangular, hyaline area on anterior margin immediately distad of apex of venation and another on posterior margin opposite, venation pale orange with marginal vein dark brown; hind wing hyaline, venation pale orange; propodeum dark purple-brown with a weak brassy sheen, side bright metallic green mixed brassy; gaster dark purple-brown, dorsally with a coppery purple sheen mixed slightly brassy and green, Gt1 with a distinct dark metallic blue or green, brassy and purple sheen, side and venter with coppery, blue, brassy and green reflections; gonostylus slightly dusky pale orange; head in profile about 1.4X as high as deep, in facial view about 3.5X as wide as frontovertex, which is narrowest a little behind posterior ocelli; ocelli forming an angle of about 70°; a conspicuous, long seta present on margin behind each posterior ocellus; a slightly elongate, oval depression adjacent to eye near occipital margin; frontovertex shiny, with relatively deep, polygonally reticulate to imbricate-reticulate sculpture of mesh size mainly subequal to eye facet, deepest and more polygonally reticulate in ocellar area; temple and gena with relatively shallow, longitudinally elongate imbricate-reticulate sculpture; scrobes with relatively shallow, irregular sculpture, almost smooth; interantennal prominence and mouth margin with shallow, polygonally reticulate sculpture; scrobes very shallow, indistinctly margined, narrowly ∩-shaped; interantennal prominence dorsally rounded; antenna as in Fig. 30; scape hardly broadened and flattened, about 4.5X as long as broad; F1-F4 relatively small, subequal and strongly transverse, F5-F6 much larger, subequal and a little longer than broad, linear sensilla present only on F5- F6; clava about as long as funicle, sutures parallel, sensory area small, at apex only giving it a pointed or slightly rounded appearance; eye not quite reaching occipital margin, clothed with fairly conspicuous setae, each of which is about as long as diameter of facet; malar sulcus absent; mandible ( Fig. 28) with four teeth; thorax ( Fig. 27) with pronotum hardly exposed behind head, its posterior margin broadly V-shaped and strongly emarginate medially; pronotum and mesoscutum with imbricate-reticulate to polygonally reticulate sculpture that is coarser than in ocellar area, but not quite as deep; scutellum with fine, punctate-reticulate sculpture that is conspicuously deeper than that on mesoscutum, side and extreme apex completely smooth and shiny; visible part of mesoscutum about 1.7X as broad as long; scutellum about 1.2X as broad as long, fore wing about 2.6X as long as broad with venation and setation as in Fig. 29; costal cell with 1 or 2 dorsal setae at apex; propodeum with 2 or 3 very inconspicuous setae outside spiracle; gaster with hypopygium ( Fig. 31) reaching about 0.5X to apex; last tergite about as long as mid tibia, with apex narrowly rounded; ovipositor ( Fig. 32) slightly exserted, the exserted part about 0.5X length of mid tibial spur or about 0.2X mid tibia. Male: unknown.

DISTRIBUTION. USA ( Hawaii, Texas, Louisiana, Florida), Bermuda, Mexico, Cuba , Trinidad & Tobago, Brazil, South Africa, India ( Karnataka), China ( Hainan) and Japan (see Noyes, 2019). Newly recorded below from St. Vincent and the Grenadines ( new record), Costa Rica ( new record), Argentina ( new record), Seychelles ( new record), Madagascar ( new record) and Kiribati ( new record).

HOSTS. This species has been reared from Odonaspis graminis Bremner ( Fullaway, 1913) , Duplachionaspis sansevieriae Williams , Odonaspis ruthae Kotinsky and Odonaspis saccharicaulis (Zehnter) ( Hemiptera : Diaspididae ) (see Noyes 2019). Records of Antonina graminis (Maskell) ( Hemiptera : Pseudococcidae ) as a possible host (see Burks, 1958) are almost certainly erroneous as is also the record below from Russelliana solanicola Tuthill ( Hemiptera : Psyllidae ).

BIOCONTROL. Adelencyrtus odonaspidis was released in Bermuda in 1968 for the control of Odonaspis ruthae but failed to establish Cock (1985).

MATERIAL EXAMINED.

Type material. Syntypes: 2E, on slide, “E Amicroterys kotynskyi Ashm. Type 9816 Parasite Odonaspis ruthae Kot. Cynodon dactylon Honolulu (Kotynsky) Aug. ‘05” “USNMENT 01049068” “ Adelencyrtus odonaspidis Full. Type No 9816 U.S. N.M.” ( USNM) .

Non type material. USA, 2E, Hawaii, Oahu, Kaimuki, 3.viii.1913 (O.H. Swezey); 1E, Hawaii, Oahu, Kawaiako, 7.iii.1916; 1E, Hawaii, Oahu, Manua Val., 23.iii.1916 (E.M. Ehrhorn); 2E, Hawaii, Oahu, Honolulu, ex Odonaspis ruthae , 10.vi.1919 and 23.vi.1919; 2E, Hawaii, Honaunau, in Bermuda grass, 13.viii.1919 (Timberlake); 1E, Hawaii, Oahu, Waipio, peninsula, 24.xi.1965 (J.W. Beardsley); 1E, Hawaii, Honolulu, 11.xii.1965 (J.W. Beardsley); 1E, Hawaii, Maui, Waikapura, in Bermuda grass, 23.iii.1921 (O.H. Swezey). CUBA , 1E, Santiago , Santiago Jardin Botanico , 16.xii.1995 (L. Masner). ST VINCENT, 2E, St George, Kingstown, wasteground, 4.vii.1976 (J.S. Noyes); 2E, St George, Belmont, wasteground, 6.vii.1976 (J.S. Noyes). TRINIDAD & TOBAGO, 1E, Trinidad, Curepe, CIBC lab. grounds, Moericke trap, 29.v- 12.vi.1974 (M.N. Beg); 1E, Trinidad, Curepe, Sta Margarita Circ. Rd , 29.iv- 5.5.1974 (F.D. Bennett); 7E, Trinidad, various localities and dates, 23.vi-4.viii.1976 (J.S. Noyes). COSTA RICA, 3E, Guanacaste, Santa Rosa NP, Hacienda , 18.x-8.xi.1986 and 20.xii.1986 - 10.i.1987 (D. Janzen, I.D. Gauld); 1E, Guanacaste, Santa Rosa NP, Sn. Emilio , 14.vi-5.vii.1986 (D. Janzen, I.D. Gauld); 1E, Guanacaste, Santa Rosa NP , 30m, ii.1995 (L. Masner); 1E, Guanacaste, Murcielago ( ACG), 75m, MT, 24.i-4.ii.1996 (J. Ugalde); 1E, Guanacaste, Cañas, Rio Chiquito, 410m, #74625, 25.vii.2003 (J. Azofeifa); 1E, Guanacaste, PN Palo Verde, Sector Palo Verde, LN 260952 385020, 50m, #54949, 5.i-7.ii.2000 (I. Jiménez); 1E, Cartago, Turrialba, La Isabel, 650m, coffee, viii.1994 (P. Hanson); 2E, Puntarenas, RF Golfo Dulce, 5km W Piedras Blancas, 8°46’N 83°17’W, 100m, vi-vii.1992 and vi-vii.1993 (P. Hanson); 6E, Puntarenas, Golfo Dulce, 24km W Piedras Blancas, 8°46’N 83°24’W, 200m, iii-v.1989, iv-v.1991 and vi-vii.1991 (P. Hanson); 8E, Puntarenas, 5km N Puerto Jimenez, 8°33’N 83°21’W, 10m, i-ii.1991, i-ii.1993, iii.1993 and v-vi.1993 (P. Hanson); 1E, Puntarenas, Pen. Osa . Puerto Jimenez, 8°32’N 83°19’W, viii.1991 (P. Hanson); 1E, Limón, RB Hitoy-Cerere, 100m, 14-19.i.1991 (J.S. Noyes); 1E, Limón, AC Amistad, Hitoy-Cerere, LN 184600 643400, 150m, 5-22.i.1994 G. Carballo). ARGENTINA, 1E, Tucuman, La Madrid, ex nymph of Russelliana solanicola, IIE 21600 #1, 18.xi.1990 (C. Garcia). SEYCHELLES, 1E, Silhouette I., coastal veg., 2-20m, 25-28.viii.2000 (J.S. Noyes). MADAGASCAR, 1E, Tananarive, golf course 25km W Tananarive, 23.iv.1983 (J.S. Noyes, M.C. Day); 10E, Tamatave, Perinet, 27.iv-3.v.1983 (J.S. Noyes, M.C. Day); 1E, Tulear, Berenty, 12 km NW Amboasary, 5-15.v.1983 (J.S. Noyes, M.C. Day); 3E, Tulear, Bereboka, 60km NE Morondava, 18-23.v.1983 (J.S. Noyes, M.C. Day). KIRIBATI, 1E, Tarawa I., 6.xi.1983 (A.K. Walker). Material in MZUCR, and NHMUK.

COMMENTS. The two slide-mounted female syntypes of odonaspidis are uncleared and mounted under a single coverslip. They are in good condition and with care it may be possible to remount them so that a lectotype can be selected.As they clearly belong to the species currently understood to be odonaspidis , and other specimens may exist (Fullaway described the species from “several specimens”), I consider this to be presently unnecessary.