Clivina helferi Putzeys, 1867

Clivina helferi Putzeys, 1867 View in CoL

( Figs 1 B View Fig , 3 D View Fig , 4 B View Fig , 5 E View Fig )

Clivina helferi PUTZEYS, 1867: 126 View in CoL ; ANDREWES, 1926b: 376; 1927: 109; 1929a: 367; 1930: 114; 1947: 3; CSIKI, 1927: 505; 1933: 638; BALKENOHL, 2001: 15; LORENZ, 2005: 143; 2024: 5 ZB4S;

Clivina grammica PUTZEYS, 1877 View in CoL : XLI; ANDREWES, 1929a: 367; CSIKI, 1927: 505; 1933: 638; BALKENOHL, 2001: 15; LORENZ, 2005: 143; 2024: 5 ZB4S;

Clivina debilis BATES, 1892: 278 View in CoL ; ANDREWES, 1919: 470; 1929a: 367; 1930: 114; CSIKI, 1927: 506; BALKENOHL, 2001: 15; LORENZ, 2005: 143; 2024: 5 ZB4S;

Clivina invalida ANDREWES, 1919: 470 View in CoL ; 1924: 12; 1929a: 367; 1930: 114; 15; CSIKI, 1927: 506; 1933: 638; BALKENOHL, 2001: 15; LORENZ, 2005: 143; 2024: 5 ZB4S.

TYPE MATERIAL

Type of C. helferi . Lectotype by present designation: INDIA. ♂; with yellow label and handwritten data in black ink: “ C. Helferi . Putz. Ind. or. (Schm.)” / grey, handwritten in black ink and black printed “ Clivina Helferi Putz dét. J. Putzeys” / white, black framed, black printed “Soc.Ent.Belg. Coll. Putzeys” / white, black framed, red printed “ Syntype ” / white, handwritten in black ink and black printed “ Clivina helferi Putz. cotype H.E. Andrewes 1928 ” / red, black printed “ LECTOTYPE Clivina helferi Putzeys, 1867 des. M.Balkenohl 2024” ( RBINS).

REMARKS

From the lectotype, the following parts are missing: Nine antennomeres at both sides, left front tibia, and the left intermediate leg. PUTZEYS (1867, p. 127) refers to two specimens when he wrote “M. Schaum m’a communiqué deux individus qui ont été recueillis dans l’Inde par Helfer. Il en a bien voulu m’en abandonner un“. ANDREWES (1929a) mentioned the type of helferi is lost. The second exemplar should be in MFNB but is not there. Due to the unclear situation of the second specimen, lectotype designation has been performed.

OTHER TYPE MATERIAL

Types of C. grammica . INDIA. 1 ♀; with yellow label and handwritten data in black ink: “Calcutta” / grey, handwritten in black ink and black printed “ Clivina grammica Putz dét. J. Putzeys” / white, black framed, black printed “Soc.Ent.Belg. Coll. Putzeys” / white, black framed, red printed “ Syntype ” (RBINS). 1 ♀; with yellow label and handwritten data in black ink: “Calcutta Dhn.” / yellow, handwritten in black ink “ C. grammica . P. Calcutta” / white, black framed, black printed “Soc.Ent.Belg. Coll. Putzeys” / grey, handwritten in black ink and printed “ Clivina grammica Putz dét. J. Putzeys” / white, black framed, red printed “ Syntype ” / white, handwritten in black ink and black printed “ Clivina grammica Putz. cotype H.E. Andrewes 1928 ” (RBINS) [The right front leg is broken.]. 1 ♂, 2 specs, with same labels as before but without confirmation of Andrewes (RBINS).

REMARK

PUTZEYS (1877) based his description on fife specimens, all available.

Type of C. debilis . The whereabouts could not be identified. According to Andrewes (1929a) it should be in the Museum of Genova.

Type of C. invalida . No type existing because invalida was a replacement name.

RESULT

The type material investigated consists of six specimens belonging to two of the available names helferi and grammica . The six specimens are conspecific. This result also reflects the comparison of the aedeagi and the external reproductive tracts of females. It confirms previous findings ( ANDREWES, 1929a). Several specimens of non-type material of C. debilis determined by Andrewes are as well conspecific with helferi and grammica .

The species is described by PUTZEYS (1867, 1877), BATES (1892), and ANDREWES (1929a).

ADDTIONAL MATERIAL

INDIA. 5 specs, Calcutta / Soc.Ent.Belg. Coll. Putzeys / ( RBINS) ; 2 specs, same data but add. label ‘ Brit. Mus. 1946-334’ ( NHMUK) ; 2 specs, Calcutta / Atkinson Coll. 92-3. ( NHMUK); 1 spec. , INDIA, Barpeta Road , Assam, 23/24.VI.95 WERNER leg. ( CMBB); 1 spec., Dacca XI. 1927 Konietzko S. v. / Dacca 11.27 ( MFNB); 1 ♀ , India mer. Tanjore Distr. Nedungadu / Clivina helferi Putz. det. K. Kult 44 ( ETHZ); 1 spec., Nedungadu Tanjore Distr . India orientalis Coll. Mus. Pragae / Compared with COTYPE K. Kult 1946 / C. helferi det. K. Kult 45 / COLLECTIO KAREL KULT COLL.A.DOSTAL, 1999 ( CADW) ; 5 specs, same data but without ‘ Coll. Mus. Pragae’ COLLECTIO KAREL KULT COLL.A.DOSTAL, 1999 ( CADW); 1 spec., Calcutta at light Ind. Mus. V-14 EHG / Indian Mus. Calcutta / H.E.Andrewes Coll. B.M. 1945-97 ( NHMUK); 1 spec., Ind. Mus. Calcutta FHG June 1911 / Indian Mus. Calcutta / Clivina grammica Putz. Compared with Cotype H.E.A. / H.E.Andrewes Coll. B.M. 1945-97 ( NHMUK); 1 spec., Rambha Ganjam dist. , Madras Residency. N.A. 16.X.22 at light / Indian Mus. Calcutta / H.E.Andrewes Coll. B.M. 1945-97 ( NHMUK); 1 spec., Calcutta 9092 H.I. / Indian Mus. Calcutta / Clivina helferi Putz. H.E.Andrewes det. / H.E.Andrewes Coll. B.M. 1945-97 ( NHMUK); 1 spec., Khargpur Bengal 17-30.VI.11. A. Hodgart, Ind. Mus. / Indian Mus. Calcutta / Clivina grammica Putz. compared with cotype H.E.A. / H.E.Andrewes Coll. B.M. 1945-97 ( NHMUK); 1 spec., same data but with add. labels: Clivina helferi Putz. H.E.Andrewes det. / Gesch. von Andrewes 8. 1938 / F. van Emden Bequest B.M. 1960-29 ( NHMUK); 1 spec., PUSA BEHAR FLETCHER COLL 1-X-15 / Agric. Res. Inst. Pusa / helferi / H.E.Andrewes Coll. B.M. 1945-97 ( NHMUK); 1 spec., Pusa Behar 2116 / H.E.Andrewes Coll. B.M. 1945-97 ( NHMUK); 1 ♀, South India: IX 83 Pondicherry State, Karikal, T.R.S.N. Coll. / Coll. J. Saltin in Coll. CBA 1997 ( CMBB) .

MYANMAR. 18 specs, MYANMAR (Yangon) Pégú 60 km NNE Yangoon 17°19’N / 96°28’E (lux) 22.XI.2003 M.Hornburg / COLL. WRASE BERLIN / CLIVINA helferi group P. Bulirsch det. 2009 / COLL. WRASE GUSOW-PLATKOW GERM. ( CDWB); 1 spec., Tharrawaddy GoogleMaps Burma G.Q. Corbett / Clivina helferi Putz. H.E.Andrewes det. ( ETHZ) ; 2 specs, Tharrawaddy L. Burma H. G.C. xii.26. ( NHMUK); 1 spec., same data but with add. labels 1592 / COLLECTIO KAREL KULT COLL.A.DOSTAL, 1999 ( CADW); 1 spec., same data but with add. labels: Gesch. von Andrewes 8. 1938 / F. van Emden Bequest B.M. 1960-29 ( NHMUK) ; 2 specs, N. Toungoo L. Burma. / H.E. Andrewes Coll. B.M. 1945-97 ( NHMUK); 1 spec., RANGOON BURMA 1/12 Malaise / H.E. Andrewes Coll. B.M. 1945-97 ( NHMUK); 1 ♂ , BURMA: Res.Forest. Area. Near Kadonkini. S.of Bogale. J.B. Jackson B.M.1939-621. / Clivina (s.str.) helferi group P.Bulirsch det. 2015 ( NHMUK) ; 2 specs, TENASSERIM Mekane , 90 km E of Moulmein 200 m 2-8.XI.34 Malaise / Brit. Mus. 1947-14. ( NHMUK); 1 ♀, Tenasserim / Atkinson Coll. 92-3. ( NHMUK); 1 spec., Mandalay 6.10 H.L. Andrewes / H.E.Andrewes Coll. B.M. 1945-97 ( NHMUK) ; 2 specs, BURMA (central) Mandalay 20.9.1984 D. Grohmann leg. / Clivina helferi Putz det. Alex. Dostal 1986 ( CADW); 1 spec., Prome Burma / Clivina helferi Putz du: Andr. / COLLECTIO KAREL KULT COLL.A.DOSTAL, 1999 ( CADW) ; 2 specs, Kondan R.F. L. Burma. H. G.C. ( NHMUK); 1 spec. , Birma Dhorn 91 / Clivina grammica Putz (NHMW) .

MALAYSIA. 1 spec. , Malay / Casteln / Fry Coll. 1905.100. / fossor group / Clivina helferi Putz. det. K. Kult 51 ( NHMUK); 1 ♀ , same data but with add. Labels 34238 / Clivina debilis Bates H.E.Andrewes det. ( NHMUK); 1 ♂ , MALAYSIA, W, PAHANG 50KM NE OF KUALA ROMPIN, ENDAU ROMPIN NP, 400M, G.KERIUNG (KG. TEBU HITAM) 09.- 30.04.2008, P. CHECHOVSKY LGT. / helferi-Gr. ( CADW); 11 specs , MALAYSIA W. KELANTAN 30km NW of Gua Musang Ulu Lalat Mt. 800-1000m KAMPONG SUNGAI OM 27.v. – 19.vi.2011 Petr Cechovsky lgt. ( CADW); 1 spec. , MALAYSIA W. KELANTAN 40km N of Gua Musang Gunung Berangkal Kampong Riek; 1100m 15.v. – 8.vi.2017 Petr Cechovsky lgt. ( CADW); 2 specs , MALAYSIA W. KELANTAN 90km N of Gua Musang Mt. Basor, 1700m Kampong Kubur Datu 1.iii. – 21.iii.2015 Petr Cechovsky lgt. ( CADW) .

THAILAND. 2 specs, N-THAILAND, Lom Sak 40 km N Phetchabun ca. 120m August 1987 leg. W. THIELEN ( SMNS); 1 spec. , SIAM 1930 W.R.S.Ladell H.131 / Pres. by Imp. Inst. Ent. Brit. Mus. 1931-158. / Clivina helferi Putz. H.E.Andrewes det. ( NHMUK); 1 spec., NO- Thailand Khon Kaen 23.11.1980 lux leg. S.Saowakontha ( MFNB); 1 spec. , Siam Wallace ex Coll. Thieme / Clivina group helferi det.M. Balkenohl, 2017 ( MFNB) ; 2 specs, THAILAND: Changwat Chiang Mai, Chiang Mai 24.- 25.1.1989 250m leg.TRAUTNER & GEIGENMÜLLER ( CMBB), ( CMBB); 1 ♀, same data but 13.1.1989 ( SMNS); 1 spec., BANGKOK 30-10-29 Ariant / SAIAM. W.R.S.Ladell / G 1734 / Ex Imp. Inst. Ent. / H.E.Andrewes Coll. B.M. 1945- 97 ( NHMUK); 1 ♂, Bangkok / Clivina Helferi Putz dét. J. Putzeys / Soc.Ent.Belg. Coll. Putzeys / ( RBINS), 1 ♂ , THAILAND, S, 40 KM NE OF BETONG, LAKE BANG LANG (KG. TO) 12.-23.VI.2007, 350M Z.LINEK LGT. / Clivina sp. ad helferi det. Dr.A.Dostal 2007 ( CADW) ; 4 specs, THAILAND-C. 150km NW of Bangkok, 60km N of Suphan Buri HAN-KHA (10km W) 90m, April 1990 / W. Thielen leg. Collection Naturhistorisches Museum Basel ( NHMB); 1 ♂, 3 specs , THAILAND 240 km NW Bangkok V. 89 lg. Thielen, at light ( CMBB); 1 spec., C-THAILAND: Lan-Sak 20km W Uthai-Thani ca. 80 m, Juli 1986 leg. W. THIELEN ( SMNS); 1 ♂, 1 ♀, same data but 65km NW Uthai Thani ( CJSR) ; 3 specs, THAILAND Nan Province Lainan , 11-12.x.2012, cabbage farm, 18.576N 100.759E, LN1 Light Trap, leg. D.L.J. Quicke BMNH(E) 2015-75 ( NHMUK); 1 ♂, 2 ♀♀, THAI NAKHON THAI 20.V.1993 Pacholatko & Dembicky leg. ( CADW) GoogleMaps .

LAOS. 4 ♂♂, 1 ♀ , LAOS, Phongsali prov., Meung Khoa district, Ban Houaywang , 10.- 17.06.2010 lg. S. Khampilavong / Cl. helferi gr. DET. DR. A. DOSTAL 2011 ( CADW) .

VIETNAM. 2 ♀♀, 4 specs , VIETNAM: Laichun Prov. Banpobai EL: 102.60, NL 22.00 6.-12. June 2009 Local collectors / CLIVINA helferi group P.Bulirsch det. 2017 ( CIBD) .

INDONESIA. 2 ♂♂ , INDONESIA, TIMOR ISL. BAUN ENV. 10°17’S 123°44’E 20.- 29.03.2013 LOC. COLL. ( CADW) GoogleMaps .

COMPENDIOUS DESCRIPTION

A small sized fulvous to fuscous subcylindrical species with the following measurements: body length 3.32–5.25 mm (x = 4.31 mm *), width 0.97–1.46 mm (x = 1.21 mm *), ratio L/W of pronotum 0.92–0.98 (x = 0.94*), ratio L/W of elytra 1.94–2.05 (x = 1.98*); (*n = 10). Labrum seven-setose, nearly straight anteriorly. Head with frons and clypeus smooth. Median part of clypeus separated from clypeal wings by distinct notches, clypeal-wings somewhat rounded. Eye distinctly convex, gena small. Clypeo-frontal furrow indistinct, flat, visible laterally. Neck constriction indicated laterally by a few punctures, widely open at middle. Frons with moderate circular depression, facial carina of regular size. Pronotum ( Fig. 3 D View Fig ) square, slightly wider than long, distinctly convex in frontal view, slightly convex in lateral view, with lateral margin slightly convex, widest at middle, anterior and posterior angles not projecting, lateral margin slightly crenulated, surface nearly smooth on disc, bilaterally with puncture pattern resembling indistinctly to the letter Y, with isodiametric reticulation at basal declivity. Proepisternum with distinct isodiametric reticulation, laterally with rough transverse wrinkles and few punctures. Elytra ( Fig. 1 B View Fig ) subcylindrical, striae one to four ending free at base, interval three with four setigerous punctures. Intervals moderately convex, all intervals smooth, glossy; interval eight carinate behind humerus and apically, carina ending shortly before apex, seventh with short carina at apex, third at base with tubercle. Abdomen laterally with punctures and isodiametric reticulation, smooth at middle, last segment with wide band of punctures, two apical setigerous punctures widely separated. Hind wing fully developed. Intermediate tibia with two rows of three tubercles each, at the lateral side above the spur, all with setae. Protrochanter at apex with tubercle pointing anteriorly, tarsomeres of same size.

Male genitalia ( Fig. 4 B View Fig ). Aedeagus arcuate in apical third, formed like an arcuate longitudinal slightly hollowed out spoon in apical two thirds, with median lobe at middle widened, pointed at apex. Parameres slender, with one moderately long seta at apex, each.

Female gonocoxite and epipleurite ( Fig. 5 E View Fig ). Gonocoxites falciform, robust,evidently sclerotized, with gonocoxites completely fused, basally with one long and strong seta, six medium sized setae, and few fine setae laterally, with SSO. Epipleurite triangular, formed by a stable velum furnished with a group of five setae at the middle and one seta basally.

Variation. Size and colour vary distinctly. In many of the paler specimens, interval one is fuscous. On the disk of the pronotum, the Y-like puncture pattern varies in the number of punctures and the pattern. For specimens from Myanmar slightly larger body length was noted.

DISTRIBUTION

India, Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, and parts of Malaysia.

COMMENT

The distribution determined with the historic and newly collected material match with the data in ANDREWES (1929a, 1930). The data from Thailand, Laos, Vietnam and Malaysia fit to and enrich the distribution pattern. However, there is one collection point who is in need for confirmation: Indonesia, Timor Isl., Baun environment.