Diamesinae, Kieffer, 1922

Biodiversity of Diamesinae View in CoL View at ENA

Our phylogeographic analysis and ancestral area reconstruction may be distorted by our study diamesines being collected more from the Eastern Palaearctic than in any other area. Overall, we covered 30.9% of described diamesines from the world’s fauna, which has 233 species (Supporting Information, Tables S1 View Table 1 , S3). Te ratio (%) between total described species in each biogeographical region and those used in this study are showed in Table 2 View Table 2 . Te best represented regions were the Eastern Palaearctic (47.1%) and the Western Palaearctic (31.6%), whereas data availability in other regions did not exceed 25%. To minimize conflicts, we performed a biodiversity analysis for each region ( Table 2 View Table 2 ) from an updated compilation of all described diamesines in the world fauna (Supporting Information, Table S3).

Te greatest biodiversity observed is in the Eastern Palaearctic, inhabited by 104 diamesine species from 10 genera, which is 44.6% of the world’s fauna. Tis realm has the most endemics (68) with a moderate endemism level (65.4%). Tere are 79 species in the Western Palaearctic with the proportion of species from world fauna being 33.9%. Kaluginia Makarchenko and Palatooia Makarchenko and Semenchenko are endemic genera in the Eastern Palaearctic and the Western Palaearctic, respectively, and there are 21 common species. Te Nearctic region includes 51 species of which 19 and 14 species are in common with the Eastern Palaearctic and the Western Palaearctic, respectively, while most species are cosmopolitan. Tree species, Diamesa lindrothi Goetghebuer , D. bohemani Goetghebuer , and D. spinacies Saether , inhabit only the Nearctic and the Western Palaearctic, whereas 11 species inhabit only the Nearctic and Eastern Palaearctic.