Empis (Enoplempis) manca Coquillett

Empis (Enoplempis) manca Coquillett View in CoL

( Figs 194–196 View FIGURES 194–196 , 198 View FIGURES 197–200 , 208 View FIGURES 208–209 )

Empis manca Coquillett, 1895: 406 View in CoL . Type locality: Los Angeles Co., California ( USA), by lectotype designation.

Empis manca View in CoL : Melander, 1902: 320 (redescription).

Empis (Enoplempis) manca View in CoL : Melander, 1928: 142 (assigned to subgenus Enoplempis ).

Empis manca View in CoL : Melander, 1965: 460 (catalogue); Yang et al., 2007: 136 (catalogue).

Type material examined. LECTOTYPE (here designated in order to fix identity of the species) ♂, labelled: “Mar.”; “LosAngeles/ Co., CAL.”; “Collection/ Coquillett”; “Type/ No. 3182/ U.S.N.M. [red label]”; “ Empis / manca/ Type. Coq. [handwritten by Coquillett]”; “ LECTOTYPE / Empis manca Coquillett / des. Sinclair, Brooks &/ Cumming 2025 [red label]” ( USNM) . PARALECTOTYPES: USA. California: Same data as lectotype (7♀, USNM) .

Notes on type specimens. This species was based on five males and eight females, collected by Coquillett in March , with type numbers 3182 and 3183. Only one male syntype and seven female syntypes were identified, some with type no. 3182. No specimens with type number 3183 were found in USNM .

Additional material examined. USA. California: Los Angeles County: Los Angeles, Beverly Glen [34.10778°N 118.44472°W], 18.iv.[no year] (1♂, LACM). Orange County : Cleveland NF GoogleMaps , Trabuco Cyn, Horsethief Tr., 634 m, 33°41.01′N 117°29.937′W, 5.iii.2010, K. Collins (1♂, CNC); Trabuco Cyn, Trabuco Ck Rd, at end of road GoogleMaps ,

33.683°N 117.504°W, 6.iv.2009, E09-11d, I.S. Winkler & K.C. Collins (1♂, CNC). Riverside County: Sta. Rosa Plateau GoogleMaps , 33°31′11.16″N 117°18′52.05″W, 16.iii.2005, S.I. Frommer (1♂, UCRC); same data except, 12.iii.2008, 2200 ft, in garage (2♂, 1♀, UCRC); Snow Creek [33.8900°N 116.6841°W], 1500 ft, White Water, 7.iii.1955, W. R GoogleMaps . Richards (1♂, 2♀, CNC); same data except, 22.iii.1955, W. R GoogleMaps . M. Mason (3♂, 1♀, CNC); same data except, 29.iii.1955 (1♂, CNC); Riverside County, T85 , R1 GoogleMaps W, S20, 22.iv.1980, R . G. Little (2♂, UCRC). San Bernardino County: Lytle Ck , Lone Pine Cyn Rd , 34°18′ 49″N 117°29′49″W, 1016 m, 25–27.iii.2015, MT GoogleMaps in live oak for., M.E. Irwin (2♂, CNC). San Diego County: San Diego [32°42′N 117°09′W], R GoogleMaps . W. Doane (2♂, USNM); same data except, 6.iv.1915, M.C. Van Duzee (1♀, USNM); San Diego , La Jolla [32°50′N 117°16′W], 28.iii.1946, ALM GoogleMaps . Santa Barbara County: Cañada del Medio , Santa Cruz Island [34°00′N 119°43′W], D.S. Horning, Jr (1♂, UCDC); same data except, 11.iii.1971, R GoogleMaps . O. Schuster (1♂, UCDC) .

Diagnosis. This species is distinguished from other species of the E. (En.) manca species group by the yellow legs, male hind femur with row of strong anteroventral setae proximal to sickle-shaped process, and male hind tibia with distinct anteroventral lobe with tuft of apical setae on basal quarter ( Figs 194–196 View FIGURES 194–196 ).

Redescription. Wing length 5.0– 5.5 mm. Male. Head dark in ground-colour, with greyish pruinescence. Dichoptic, upper ommatidia not enlarged. Frons divergent towards antennae; nearly closely approximated, narrower than width of anterior ocellus; with short setulae along inner margin of eye. Face without setae; slightly divergent towards mouthparts, with oral margin dark and shiny. Ocellar triangle elevated, with thin greyish pruinescence; pair of slightly divergent ocellar setae, slightly longer than vertical setae and several pairs of short setulae. Occiput bearing single row of setae, similar in size to vertical setae, longer and finer ventrally; postocular setae similar to occipital setae, with two upper or vertical setae; postocellar region without setae. Stylus and pedicel brown; postpedicel and stylus darker brown; scape 2× longer than pedicel, with short, black setae; pedicel with ring of apical setae; postpedicel long and tapered, 4× longer than basal width; stylus 1.5× longer than basal width of postpedicel. Palpus pale yellowish-brown, with dark setulae. Proboscis reddish brown, less than twice head height; labellum with short, dark setae.

Thorax dark brown in ground-colour, densely grey pruinescent. Scutum with pair of narrow, brown vittae between setal rows; outer pair of vittae broader. Pleura dark, with grey pruinescence; postpronotal lobe, postalar ridge and margin of scutellum pale brown. Proepisternum with pale setae on lower section; upper proepisternum in front of spiracle without setae. Prosternum bare. Antepronotum with 2 pairs of slender setae. Postpronotum with 1 long seta and several short, dark setae. Scutum with short, fine uniserial acr; dc slightly longer, stronger than acr, prescutellar dc long, strong; 2 posterior npl, with 1–2 short anterior setae; 1 presut spal; 1 psut spal; 1 pal. Scutellum with 1 pair of long sctl, with outer marginal setae, half length of apical pair; disc bare. Laterotergite with patch of strong, dark setae. Anterior and posterior spiracles pale.

Legs short, stocky; yellow including coxae, slightly darker on apical tarsomeres; coxae often with thin greyish pruinescence ( Fig. 194 View FIGURES 194–196 ). Coxae with stiff, black setae. Hind trochanter with long setae. Femora with white ventral pile. Fore femur with short dark setae. Fore tibia with several long anterodorsal and posterodorsal setae, slightly longer than width of tibia; anterior face with short appressed setae; apex with long posterior and ventral preapical setae. Fore tarsomere 1 slender; tarsomeres 1–5 with biserial row of spine-like ventral setae; tarsomeres 1–4 with apicolateral pair of spine-like setae, longer than width of segment. Mid femur with row of anteroventral setae, shorter than femur width. Mid tibia with 3–4 anteroventral and posteroventral setae, longer than width of tibia; 3–4 short anterodorsal and posterodorsal setae, similar to ventral setae. Mid tarsus similar to fore tarsus. Hind femur with short, strongly arched, anteroventral sickle-shaped process; row of strong anteroventral setae proximal to sickle-shaped process; anteroventral ridge distal to process with inner flattened ventral surface with several flattened obliquely directed setae; row of strong posteroventral setae opposite sickle-shaped process; small semi-circular preapical posteroventral ridge with appressed crown of setae; apex without preapical row of posterior setae; with strong preapical anterior and anterodorsal setae ( Figs 195, 196 View FIGURES 194–196 ). Hind tibia greatly narrowed and slightly twisted at base; distinct anteroventral lobe with tuft of apical setae on basal quarter; row of strong anteroventral and posteroventral setae proximal to lobe, posteroventral setae longer; small cluster of appressed preapical posteroventral setae opposite semi-circular ridge of setae on femur; seta in posteroapical comb; anterodorsal and posterodorsal setae slightly longer than width of tibia ( Figs 194–196 View FIGURES 194–196 ). Hind tarsus similar to fore tarsus.

Wing faintly infuscate with dark veins with base of wing yellowish; all veins complete (except Sc), well sclerotized. Basal costal seta present. R 5 and M 1 parallel near wing margin; R 5 ending posterior to wing tip; radial fork broad. Halter yellow, often with row of dark setulae along dorsal margin near base of knob.

Abdomen yellowish brown, with paler posterior margin; whitish pruinescence dorsally, with long, dark marginal setae; posterior margin of tergites pruinescent; sternites with short setae. Pregenital segments unmodified, except sclerites of segment 8 weakly fused anterolaterally. Terminalia ( Fig. 198 View FIGURES 197–200 ): yellowish brown. Cercus slender, pointed apically; dorsal margin straight; setae slender, shorter than width of cercus; base weakly fused to epandrial lamella. Subepandrial process extending on either side of phallus. Epandrial lamella narrow, linear, longer than height; posterior margin strongly upturned; bearing long setae ventrally, subequal to width of lamella. Hypandrium short, apical margin rounded, not prolonged laterally; without setae. Phallus with basal third expanded, tapered, gently arched anteriorly; apex emerging beyond cercus; apex expanded with broad opening; roughened, spiculate apically; ejaculatory apodeme elongate, half-length of epandrium, T-shaped, with lateral apodemes on lower third.

Female. Similar to male, except as follows: frons broader, nearly as wide as ocellar triangle; hindleg without modified setae and processes; abdomen darker, subshiny; pleural membrane condition unknown.

Geographical distribution and seasonal occurrence ( Fig. 208 View FIGURES 208–209 ). Empis (En.) manca is known from southern California, including Santa Cruz Island in Santa Barbara County. Adults have been collected in March and April.

Nuptial gift presentation. Form unknown.